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Background: Non-cancer-specific death (NCSD) is an important factor that needs to be considered in patients with malignancy, as it can affect their long-term prognosis. In particular, the effect of age on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy requires clarification. This study aims to examine the impact of age on patients with HCC after hepatectomy and to identify independent risk factors of survival., Methods: Patients with HCC that fell within the Milan Criteria and had undergone curative hepatectomy were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: young patients (age <70) and elderly patients (age ≥70). Perioperative complications, cancer-specific death (CSD), recurrence, and NCSD were all recorded and analyzed. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors of survival using Fine and Gray's competing-risk regression model., Results: Among 1,354 analytic patients, 1,068 (78.7%) were stratified into the young group and 286 (21.3%) into the elderly group. The elderly group had a higher 5-year cumulative incidence of NCSD (12.6% vs. 3.7% for the young group, P < 0.001), but lower 5-year cumulative incidences of recurrence (20.3% vs. 21.1% for the young group, P = 0.041) and CSD (14.3% vs. 15.5% for the young group, P = 0.066). Multivariate competing-risk regression analyses revealed that age was independently associated with NCSD (subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) 3.003, 95%CI: 2.082-4.330, P < 0.001), but not with recurrence (SHR 0.837, 95%CI: 0.659-1.060, P = 0.120) or CSD (SHR 0.736, 95%CI: 0.537-1.020, P = 0.158)., Conclusion: For patients with early-stage HCC after hepatectomy, older age was independently associated with NCSD, but not recurrence and CSD., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Colloidal disk-like and sphere-like MoS 2 nanoantennas are synthesized. They consist of curly and interlaced 2D nanosheets. The resonance peak of the MoS 2 nanoantennas can be tuned from 500 to 900 nm by adjusting the size and shape. The strong magnetic and electric resonances of the dielectric antennas are revealed by theoretical calculations with Mie theory. The second harmonic generation (SHG) of the exfoliated nanosheets and the synthesized nanodisks and nanospheres is investigated and compared by scanning the excitation laser wavelength. SHG enhancement of 52 fold is observed for the spherical nanoantennas at 400 nm, which is attributed to the nanoantenna-enhanced two-photon resonance excitation of the D exciton of MoS 2 monolayers. Moreover, ReS 2 @Au plasmon-dielectric hybrid nanoantennas are also synthesized. The SHG of Au nanoparticles is enhanced 8.5 times by the coupling of the two types of nanoantennas. This new class of optical nanoantennas consisting of 2D materials and exhibiting unique linear and nonlinear optical responses will bring promising applications ranging from nonlinear photonics to photochemistry.

In recent years a number of qualitative research methods have gained popularity within the health care arena. Despite this popularity, different qualitative analysis methods pose many challenges to most researchers. The present paper responds to the needs expressed by recent Chinese medicine researches. The present paper is mainly focused on the concepts, nature, application of framework analysis, especially on how to use it, in such a way to assist the newcomer of Chinese medicine researchers to engage with the methodology.