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Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in clinic. It has high mortality and disability rate. Effective neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with limb salvage surgery can improve the 5-year survival rate of OS patients. Drug resistance or low sensitivity of tumor cells is the most common cause of postoperative local recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, the sensitivity of OS cells to chemotherapy drugs is of great value to the prognosis of the patients. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has been widely used because of high efficiency and low toxicity. A large number of studies have confirmed that part of traditional Chinese medicine can reverse the chemotherapy resistance of OS cells by regulating the ABC transmembrane transport protein system. This article gives an overview of its related mechanisms and latest developments.

Objective Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) were labeled with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) in vitro and were transplanted in rats from the tail vein. The cell migration to the damage part was observed. Methods rBMSCs were cultured using adherent screening method. Phenotypic characterization of rBMSCs was identified. The cells were labeled with BrdU and the rate of labeling was calculated. The rat skull defect model was established. The BrdU-labeled rBMSCs were transplanted into the rats. The rats were sacrificed on 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively, and the defect skull was collected, decalcified, and sliced. BrdU-labeled rBMSCs were observed using immunohistochemistry. Results Screened rBMSCs appeared as unique fibroblastic-like cells. Cells were adherent to the wall, with long spindle shape and swirling arrangement. The expression of CD45 was negative, but the expressions of CD44 and CD90 were positive. The rBMSCs had the ability of differentiation to adipocytes and osteoblasts. The rate of BrdU labeling was 86. 2%. The BrdU labeling was detected at the defects. The migration was the best at the 14 days. Conclusion The BrdU-labeled rBMSCs can be used in rat cell migration study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inhibition or weakening of osteogenic differentiation is one of the important factors of osteoporosis. The in-depth researches of bone metabolism-related microRNA (miRNA) reveal a close relationship between the expression of miRNA and osteogenic differentiation. This paper elaborates the research status of osteogenic differentiation regulated by miRNA and its mechanisms, aiming at providing a theoretical basis for the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine for the treatment of primary osteoporosis in recent 5 years. Methods The treatments and their features in related literatures were analyzed. The effect of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine for the treatment of primary osteoporosis and the special effect of physical therapy were classified and investigated. Results There are various combinations of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine for the treatment of primary osteoporosis but lacking uniform treatment standards. Conclusion The clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine for the treatment of primary osteoporosis is notable, which can guide the clinical work effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rheumatoid arthritis is a widely prevalent autoimmune bone disease that imposes a significant burden on global healthcare systems due to its increasing incidence. In recent years, attention has focused on the interaction between gut homeostasis and the immune system, particularly in relation to bone health. Dysbiosis, which refers to an imbalance in the composition and function of the gut microbiota, has been shown to drive immune dysregulation through mechanisms such as the release of pro-inflammatory metabolites, increased gut permeability, and impaired regulatory T cell function. These factors collectively contribute to immune system imbalance, promoting the onset and progression of Rheumatoid arthritis. Dysbiosis induces both local and systemic inflammatory responses, activating key pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, and Interleukin-17, which exacerbate joint inflammation and damage. Investigating the complex interactions between gut homeostasis and immune regulation in the context of Rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis holds promise for identifying new therapeutic targets, revealing novel mechanisms of disease progression, and offering innovative strategies for clinical treatment., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Qi, Chen, Tian, Zhong, Qi, Li and Xie.)

Background: Obesity is often accompanied by lower 25(OH)D levels, whereas these two parameters exhibit opposite effects on bone health. It is uncertain what are the effects of lower 25(OH)D levels in obesity on bone health in elderly Chinese people., Methods: A nationally representative cross-sectional analysis of China Community-based Cohort of Osteoporosis (CCCO) was performed from 2016 to 2021, which consisted of 22,081 participants. Demographic data, disease history, Body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), the levels of the biomarkers of vitamin D status and those of bone metabolism markers were measured for all participants (N = 22,081). The genes (rs12785878, rs10741657, rs4588, rs7041, rs2282679 and rs6013897) related to 25(OH)D transportation and metabolism were performed in a selected subgroup (N = 6008)., Results: Obese subjects exhibited lower 25(OH)D levels (p < 0.05) and higher BMD (p < 0.001) compared with those of normal subjects following adjustment. The genotypes and allele frequency of rs12785878, rs10741657, rs6013897, rs2282679, rs4588 and rs7041 indicated no significant differences among three BMI groups following correction by the Bonferroni's method (p > 0.05). The levels of total 25(OH)D (ToVD) were significantly different among the GC1F, GC1S and GC2 haplotype groups (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that ToVD levels were significantly correlated with parathyroid hormone levels, BMD, risk of osteoporosis (OP) and the concentration levels of other bone metabolism markers (p < 0.05). Generalized varying coefficient models demonstrated that the increasing BMI, ToVD levels and their interactions were positively associated with BMD outcomes (p < 0.001), whereas the reduced levels of ToVD and BMI increased the risk of OP, which was noted notably for the subjects with reduced ToVD levels (less than 20.69 ng/ml) combined with decreased BMI (less than 24.05 kg/m 2 )., Conclusion: There was a non-linear interaction of BMI and 25(OH)D. And higher BMI accompanied by decreased 25(OH)D levels is associated with increased BMD and decreased incidence of OP, optimal ranges exist for BMI and 25(OH)D levels. The cutoff value of BMI at approximately 24.05 kg/m 2 combined with an approximate value of 25(OH)D at 20.69 ng/ml are beneficial for Chinese elderly subjects., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The reviewer GZ declared a shared affiliation, with no collaboration, with the authors XL and XW to the handling editor at the time of the review., (Copyright © 2023 Yuan, Wang, Zhang, Yi, Shu, Li, Liang, Liang, Chen, Xie, Lin, Wei, Wang, Chen, Huang, Xu, Sun, Zhao, Shi, Tang and Wang.)

The design principle and application of an adjustable spine prone frame are introduced. Adjustable spine prone frame is used in posterior lumbar surgery, during operation, X-ray can shoot fast and internal fixation implants can fix accurately, the vacant abdominal ensure normal respiratory and circulatory function, and the lumbar curvature can adjust conveniently. It meets the surgical position and care requirements, can prevent the complications effectively.