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Background: China's significant population affected by HIV poses a substantial threat to blood transfusion safety. Despite advancements in blood testing techniques, a residual risk of HIV transmission persists. Accurately assessing HIV epidemic and the residual risk is vital for monitoring blood supply safety and evaluating the effectiveness of new screening tests. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of HIV detection results among voluntary blood donors from 2003 to 2022. The study included data on HIV‐confirmed positive donors, HIV prevalence, infection risk factors, and an incidence‐window period mathematical model to estimate the residual risk of HIV. Results: Between 2003 and 2022, HIV prevalence among blood donors in Guangzhou showed a peak‐shaped trend, initially increasing before declining. The overall HIV prevalence was 18.9 infections per 100,000 donations. Male donors had a significantly higher prevalence compared with female donors. Donors aged 26–35 years had the highest prevalence. Ethnic minority donors had a higher prevalence compared with Han donors. Repeat donors had a lower prevalence compared with first‐time donors. Donors from other provinces had a higher prevalence compared with local donors. During the period of 2003 to 2022, the residual risk of HIV in Guangzhou steadily decreased, reaching a notable 1 in 526,316 donations in the past two years. Conclusion: The HIV epidemic among blood donors in Guangzhou remains severe, but the residual risk of HIV is decreasing. Novel detection methods have proven advantageous in reducing this residual risk. Implementing additional effective measures is imperative to ensure blood safety and curb the spread of HIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing the number of airway eosinophils is critical for treating eosinophilic asthma.[1] The type II cytokines not only activate the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling cascade but also exacerbate asthma pathology by promoting eosinophil recruitment and survival, airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus production, and immunoglobulin class switching through the JAK/STAT pathway. FcRn-targeting and ROS-responsive Fedratinib-incorporated nanoparticles alleviate asthma by inducing eosinophil apoptosis Caged FDTN was released from the nanoparticles in the presence of ROS to promote eosinophil apoptosis and relieve inflammation (Figure S1A,B). [Extracted from the article]