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Most businesses have been severely affected during the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as they lack sufficient cash reserves for turnaround in this devastated business environment. This study presents a nudge-based approach for encouraging employees to choose delayed but larger wage payment. Through two laboratory experiments and one field experiment, we found that blue light more likely promotes individuals choosing the farsighted intertemporal option (i.e., delayed but larger payment) than red light. We further investigated why blue light can promote such a farsighted decision and found that the intradimensional difference comparison—that is, comparing the difference between the two options in the time dimension (∆ time A,B) and the difference in the payoff dimension (∆ payoff A,B)—mediates the effect of blue (vs. red) light on intertemporal choice. The current study demonstrates the effectiveness of light color and provides a solution to nudge people to make farsighted choices.

Adolescence is a period of high levels of risk behavior. The present research aims to examine the influences of childhood socioeconomic status (SES) on risk behaviors in gain or loss domains among adolescents and the roles of threats in this effect. In experiment 1, a total of 107 adolescents (Mage = 14.80; SDage = 1.15) were asked to complete the childhood socioeconomic status scale before they took part in a risk behavior task under the gain and loss situation. A total of 149 adolescents (Mage = 14.24; SDage = 1.11) in experiment 2a and 139 adolescents (Mage = 13.88; SDage = 1.09) in experiment 2b completed the childhood socioeconomic status scale before they took part in a risk behavior task under the gain and loss situation under physiological threats and psychological threats, respectively. The results showed that high-childhood-SES adolescents tend to take more risks than low-childhood-SES adolescents in the gain domain, while low-childhood-SES adolescents tend to take more risks than high-childhood-SES adolescents in the loss domain. Threats amplified the impact of childhood socioeconomic status on adolescents’ risk behaviors in the gain and loss domains. When a physiological threat or psychological threat was primed, compared to the control group, in the gain situation, the extent to which high-childhood-SES adolescents showed greater risk seeking than low-childhood-SES adolescents became larger; in the loss domain, the extent to which low-childhood-SES adolescents showed greater risk seeking than high-childhood-SES adolescents became larger.

The development of high-performance sustainable polymers as candidates to replace petroleum-based plastics is a priority, but still a grand challenge. Here, we report a series of stereo- and sequence-defined copolymers with isotactic polylactide and alternating/regioregular polythiocarbonate blocks from one-pot, metal-free, and switchable copolymerization of rac-lactide, COS, and epoxides. The highly active organocatalyst incorporating boron and chiral thiourea and tertiary amine groups is developed based on the site-monomer specific recognition mechanism, in short, the boron site selectively activates epoxides through B-O bonds and the thiourea site selectively activates lactide through hydrogen bonds. Such block copolymers manifest impressive toughness and ductility owing to their isotactic polylactide fragments and high molecular weights, such as P8 with an ultimate tensile strength of 54 ± 3 MPa and an elongation at break of 270 ± 10%. Our strategy provides distinctive insights into designing robust organocatalysts and promising sustainable polymers.

New-generation migrant workers refers to those born in 1980 or thereafter, who become the majority of rural–urban migrants. New-generation migrant workers in Chinese cities are struggling with a lack of urban resources, which may lead to low well-being. On the basis of a questionnaire survey of 203 new-generation migrant workers, we used a multiple regression analysis to study new-generation migrant workers’ well-being and the mechanism underlying the effect of job mobility on well-being. The job mobility scale, interpersonal trust scale, and Affect Balance Scale were used. Results showed that job mobility was positively correlated with new-generation migrant workers’ subjective well-being and interpersonal trust, and interpersonal trust was positively correlated with subjective well-being. Interpersonal trust mediated the effect of job mobility on subjective well-being. In conclusion, job mobility can bring some benefits to new-generation migrant workers, that is, job mobility may increase their subjective well-being by increasing their interpersonal trust.

Rapid urbanization has made urban space thermal environment (USTE) problems increasingly prominent. USTE research is important for improving urban ecological environment and building energy consumption. Most studies on USTE research progress have focused on meteorological observations and remote sensing methods, and few studies on USTE are based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). During the past two decades, with the increasing applications of CFD in USTE research, comprehensively summarizing the phased results have become necessary tasks. This paper analyzes the current research status of CFD-based USTE simulation from six perspectives. First, we summarize the current research status of USTE simulation with CFD models that integrate ground observations and remote sensing technology. Second, we define and classify the spatial scope of CFD-based USTE simulations at different scales. Third, we systematically analyze the quantitative relationships among urban land type, the underlying surface structure, water bodies, green space and the corresponding changes in CFD-based USTE simulations. Fourth, we quantitatively analyze the impact of anthropogenic heat in CFD-based USTE simulations. Fifth, we summarize the corresponding USTE mitigation measures and methods based on the CFD simulation results. Finally, the outlooks and the existing problems in current research on CFD simulations of the USTE are analyzed.

Hydrazine (N2H4) has been classified as a potential carcinogen with its high toxicity, which can be readily absorbed through the skin or via breathing directly. Although some fluorescent probes have been developed for imaging of N2H4, very little can be used for imaging of N2H4 in vivo because of its short emission wavelength. In this study, a new colorimetric and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe CF-1 based on a seminaphthorhodafluor dye was successfully designed and used for hydrazine determination. Upon reaction with N2H4, probe CF-1 showed obvious off-on NIR emission spectrum centered at 657 nm, as well as a distinct color change that can be distinguished by the naked eye. The results of fluorescence spectrum experiments indicated that probe CF-1 has high selectivity and low detection limitation (40.6 nM in the solution). Probe CF-1 has low cytotoxicity and was applied to imaging hydrazine in mitochondria of HeLa cells and in zebrafish.

Objective To identify the gaps in understanding the experience of older Chinese people receiving palliative care in nursing homes. Design A nine-step scoping review methodology was used to search for relevant literature. Methods Sixteen databases were searched for relevant studies published in English from January 1990 to August 2019. The grey literature was searched for relevant theses pertaining to the topic. Results A total of 18 studies from the United States (n = 2), mainland China (n = 1), Hong Kong (n = 13), Taiwan (n = 2) and one thesis from Hong Kong were included in the final analysis. The findings were categorised into four themes: (1) advance care planning preferences; (2) decision-making process related to palliative care; (3) palliative care experiences and barriers; and (4) practice to improve palliative care. Conclusions Given the distinctive experiences of older Chinese residents in nursing homes when faced with death and dying, cultural beliefs strongly influenced their attitudes and behaviours in receiving end-of-life care. As Chinese immigrants have become a major ethnic group in western countries, there is benefit in recognising that older Chinese people living in nursing homes and needing palliative care will face specific challenges. Culturally appropriate interventions to address older Chinese people's existential stress, grief related to loss, communication and dietary requirements, and other barriers should be developed and implemented.

In a mine area, some environment geotechnics problems always occure, induced by mined-out region such as the subsidence and cracks at ground level, deformation and destruction of buildings, landslides destruction of water resources and the ecological environment. In order to research the migration of surrounding rock and coal in steeply inclined super high seams which used fully mechanized top coal caving, a working face of a certain mine was made as an example, analyzed the migration law of the overlay rock and coal under different caving ratio of fully mechanized top coal caving with numerical simulation analysis. The results suggest that the laws of overlay rock deformation caused by deeply inclined coal seam were different from horizontal coal seam. On the inclined direction, with an increase of dip angle and caving ratio, the vertical displacement of overlay rock and coal became greater, the asymmetric phenomenon of vertical displacement became obvious. On the trend direction, active region and transition region in goaf became smaller along with the increase of mining and caving ratio. On the contrary, the stable region area became greater. Therefore, there was an essential difference between the mechanism of surface movement deformation with deeply inclined coal seam and that with horizontal coal seam.

Due to the complex scenes involved in the natural images, some interactions with the user are necessary to obtain meaningful segmentation results. Interactive image segmentation is such a processing technique which extracts objects from a complex image background according to the user's demand. There are many intrinsic attributes affecting the result of segmentation. It is hard to produce a good result based on a single clue of the image. This paper presents a novel image segmentation method based on the dynamic multi-cue integration. This method fuses color, texture, spatial and edge information via a conditional random field. Most existing image segmentation algorithms combine multiple cues statically with a constant ratio, it is hard for them to describe the inherent property of different images efficiently. The proposed method takes the full advantage of the user labeled information, and constructs a conditional random field containing different energy terms. These energy terms are fused dynamically in accordance with the image inner property, thus greatly improves the segmentation power of the model. In addition, we use the Jensen-Shannon divergence to extract the border information, which is robust against noise. The experimental results show the proposed method performs steady and works well on various natural images.