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Background Although the diagnostic value of plasma heat-shock protein 90α (HSP90α) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been previously reported, the causal effect of the plasma HSP90α levels on HCC prognosis remains largely unclear. To this extent, we sought to assess whether the plasma HSP90α acts as a prognostic factor for HCC patients. Methods A total of 2150 HCC patients were included in this retrospective study between August 2016 and July 2021. Plasma HSP90α levels were tested within a week before treatment and their association with prognosis was assessed. Results An optimal cutoff value of 143.5 for the HSP90α based on the overall survival (OS) was determined using the X-tile software. HCC patients with HSP90α p p Conclusions Our study confirmed that the plasma HSP90α level can be used as a prognostic biomarker for HCC.

The differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into germ cells

Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) is critical for assembling membraneless organelles (MLOs) such as nucleoli, P-bodies, and stress granules, which are involved in various physiological processes and pathological conditions. While the critical role of RNA in the formation and the maintenance of MLOs is increasingly appreciated, there is still a lack of specific resources for LLPS-related RNAs. Here, we presented RPS (http://rps.renlab.org), a comprehensive database of LLPS-related RNAs in 20 distinct biomolecular condensates from eukaryotes and viruses. Currently, RPS contains 21,613 LLPS-related RNAs with three different evidence types, including ‘Reviewed’, ‘High-throughput’ and ‘Predicted’. RPS provides extensive annotations of LLPS-associated RNA properties, including sequence features, RNA structures, RNA–protein/RNA–RNA interactions, and RNA modifications. Moreover, RPS also provides comprehensive disease annotations to help users to explore the relationship between LLPS and disease. The user-friendly web interface of RPS allows users to access the data efficiently. In summary, we believe that RPS will serve as a valuable platform to study the role of RNA in LLPS and further improve our understanding of the biological functions of LLPS.

As an increasing number of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been suggested to encode short bioactive peptides in cancer, the exploration of ncRNA-encoded small peptides (ncPEPs) is emerging as a fascinating field in cancer research. To assist in studies on the regulatory mechanisms of ncPEPs, we describe here a database called SPENCER (http://spencer.renlab.org). Currently, SPENCER has collected a total of 2806 mass spectrometry (MS) data points from 55 studies, covering 1007 tumor samples and 719 normal samples. Using an MS-based proteomics analysis pipeline, SPENCER identified 29 526 ncPEPs across 15 different cancer types. Specifically, 22 060 of these ncPEPs were experimentally validated in other studies. By comparing tumor and normal samples, the identified ncPEPs were divided into four expression groups: tumor-specific, upregulated in cancer, downregulated in cancer, and others. Additionally, since ncPEPs are potential targets for neoantigen-based cancer immunotherapy, SPENCER also predicted the immunogenicity of all the identified ncPEPs by assessing their MHC-I binding affinity, stability, and TCR recognition probability. As a result, 4497 ncPEPs curated in SPENCER were predicted to be immunogenic. Overall, SPENCER will be a useful resource for investigating cancer-associated ncPEPs and may boost further research in cancer., Graphical Abstract Graphical AbstractSPENCER: a comprehensive database for small peptides encoded by non-coding RNAs in cancer patients.

RNA modification is a dynamic and reversible process regulated by a series of writers, erasers and readers (WERs). Abnormal changes of WERs will disrupt the RNA modification homeostasis of their target genes, leading to the dysregulation of RNA metabolisms such as RNA stability and translation, and consequently to diseases such as cancer. A public repository hosting the regulatory relationships between WERs and their target genes will help in understanding the roles of RNA modifications in various physiological and pathological conditions. Previously, we developed a database named ‘m6A2Target’ to host targets of WERs in m6A, one of the most prevalent RNA modifications in eukaryotic cells. To host all RNA modification (RM)-related WER–target associations, we hereby present an updated database, named ‘RM2Target’ (http://rm2target.canceromics.org/). In this update, RM2Target encompasses 1 619 653 WER–target associations for nine RNA modifications in human and mouse, including m6A, m6Am, m5C, m5U, m1A, m7G, pseudouridine, 2′-O-Me and A-to-I. Extensive annotations of target genes are available in RM2Target, including but not limited to basic gene information, RNA modifications, RNA–RNA/RNA–protein interactions and related diseases. Altogether, we expect that RM2Target will facilitate further downstream functional and mechanistic studies in the field of RNA modification research.

Background Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a neuroinvasive parasite causing neuroinflammation, which is associated with a higher risk for several psycho-behavioral disorders. There is an urgent need to identify drugs capable of improving cognitive deficits induced by T. gondii infection. (1, 3)/(1, 6)-β-glucan, an active ingredient in mushrooms, could significantly enhance immunity. However, the effects of β-glucan against neuroinflammation and cognitive decline induced by T. gondiiinfection remain unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of β-glucan on goal-directed behavior of mice chronically infected by T. gondii Wh6 strain. Methods A mice model of chronic T. gondii Wh6 infection was established by gavage of 10 cysts. Intraperitoneal injection of β-glucan was manipulated two weeks before T. gondiiinfection. Y-maze test and temporal order memory (TOM) test were performed to assess the goal-directed behavior. Golgi-Cox staining, transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, Real-Time PCR and western blot assays were used to detect prefrontal cortex-associated pathological change and neuroinflammation. Results We reported that administration of β-glucan significantly prevented T. gondii Wh6-induced goal-directed behavioral impairment assessed behaviorally by Y-maze test and TOM test. In the prefrontal cortex, β-glucan could counter T. gondii Wh6 -induced degeneration of neurites, impairment of synaptic ultrastructure, and decrease of pre- and postsynaptic protein levels. Also, β-glucan significantly prevented the hyperactivation of pro-inflammatory microglia and astrocytes, as well as the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines caused by chronic T. gondii Wh6 infection. Conclusion This study revealed that β-glucan prevents goal-directed behavioral impairment induced by chronic T. gondii infection in mice. These findings suggested that β-glucan may be an effective drug candidate to prevent T. gondii-associated psycho-behavioral disorders including goal-directed behavioral injury.

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a neuroinvasive parasite closely associated with a higher risk for several psycho-behavioral disorders. β-glucan is an immunomodulating ingredient extracted from mushrooms. In this study, we evaluated the effect of β-glucan on cognitive decline induced by T. gondii infection in mice chronically infected with T. gondii Wh6 strain. We demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of β-glucan significantly prevented T. gondii Wh6-induced goal-directed behavioral impairment assessed behaviorally by Y-maze test and TOM test. In the prefrontal cortex, β-glucan countered T. gondii Wh6-induced degeneration of neurites, impairment of synaptic ultrastructure and decrease of pre- and postsynaptic protein levels. Meanwhile, β-glucan significantly prevented microglial and astrocytes hyperactivation and proinflammatory cytokines upregulation caused by chronic T. gondii Wh6 infection. This study revealed that β-glucan prevents goal-directed behavioral impairment induced by chronic T. gondiiinfection in mice, provides an effective drug candidate for the prevention of T. gondii-related psycho-behavioral disorders.

Deep learning has made unprecedented progress in image restoration (IR), where residual block (RB) is popularly used and has a significant effect on promising performance. However, the massive stacked RBs bring about burdensome memory and computation cost. To tackle this issue, we aim to design an economical structure for adaptively connecting pair-wise RBs, thereby enhancing the model representation. Inspired by the topological structure of lattice filter in signal processing theory, we elaborately propose the lattice block (LB), where couple butterfly-style topological structures are utilized to bridge pair-wise RBs. Specifically, each candidate structure of LB relies on the combination coefficients learned through adaptive channel reweighting. As a basic mapping block, LB can be plugged into various IR models, such as image super-resolution, image denoising, image deraining, etc. It can avail the construction of lightweight IR models accompanying half parameter amount reduced, while keeping the considerable reconstruction accuracy compared with RBs. Moreover, a novel contrastive loss is exploited as a regularization constraint, which can further enhance the model representation without increasing the inference expenses. Experiments on several IR tasks illustrate that our method can achieve more favorable performance than other state-of-the-art models with lower storage and computation.

The visualization of biological sequences with various functional elements is fundamental for the publication of scientific achievements in the field of molecular and cellular biology. However, due to the limitations of the currently used applications, there are still considerable challenges in the preparation of biological schematic diagrams. Here, we present a professional tool called IBS 2.0 for illustrating the organization of both protein and nucleotide sequences. With the abundant graphical elements provided in IBS 2.0, biological sequences can be easily represented in a concise and clear way. Moreover, we implemented a database visualization module in IBS 2.0, enabling batch visualization of biological sequences from the UniProt and the NCBI RefSeq databases. Furthermore, to increase the design efficiency, a resource platform that allows uploading, retrieval, and browsing of existing biological sequence diagrams has been integrated into IBS 2.0. In addition, a lightweight JS library was developed in IBS 2.0 to assist the visualization of biological sequences in customized web services. To obtain the latest version of IBS 2.0, please visit https://ibs.renlab.org.

Infection of Zika virus (ZIKV) may cause microcephaly and other neurological disorders, while no vaccines and drugs are available. Our study revealed that rottlerin confers a broad antiviral activity against several enveloped viruses, including ZIKV, vesicular stomatitis virus, and herpes simplex virus, but not against two naked viruses (enterovirus 71 and encephalomyocarditis virus). Rottlerin does not have a direct virucidal effect on the virions, and its antiviral effect is independent of its regulation on PKCδ or ATP. Both pretreatment and post-treatment of rottlerin effectively reduce the viral replication of ZIKV. The pretreatment of rottlerin disturbs the endocytosis of enveloped viruses, while the post-treatment of rottlerin acts at a late stage through disturbing the maturation of ZIKV. Importantly, administration of rottlerin in neonatal mice significantly decreased the ZIKV replication in vivo, and alleviated the neurological symptoms caused by ZIKV. Our work suggests that rottlerin exerts an antiviral activity at two distinct steps of viral infection, and can be potentially developed as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent.

Distinguishing the few disease-related variants from a massive number of passenger variants is a major challenge. Variants affecting RNA modifications that play critical roles in many aspects of RNA metabolism have recently been linked to many human diseases, such as cancers. Evaluating the effect of genetic variants on RNA modifications will provide a new perspective for understanding the pathogenic mechanism of human diseases. Previously, we developed a database called ‘m6AVar’ to host variants associated with m6A, one of the most prevalent RNA modifications in eukaryotes. To host all RNA modification (RM)-associated variants, here we present an updated version of m6AVar renamed RMVar (http://rmvar.renlab.org). In this update, RMVar contains 1 678 126 RM-associated variants for 9 kinds of RNA modifications, namely m6A, m6Am, m1A, pseudouridine, m5C, m5U, 2′-O-Me, A-to-I and m7G, at three confidence levels. Moreover, RBP binding regions, miRNA targets, splicing events and circRNAs were integrated to assist investigations of the effects of RM-associated variants on posttranscriptional regulation. In addition, disease-related information was integrated from ClinVar and other genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to investigate the relationship between RM-associated variants and diseases. We expect that RMVar may boost further functional studies on genetic variants affecting RNA modifications., Graphical Abstract Graphical AbstractRMVar: an updated database of functional variants involved in RNA modifications.

Objective Puerarin has the potential of regulating the differentiation of preadipocytes, but its mechanism of action has not yet been elucidated. Adipocytes found in adipose tissue, the main endocrine organ, are the main sites of lipid deposition, and are widely used as a cell model in the study of in vitro fat deposition. This study aimed to investigate the effects of puerarin on adipogenesis in vitro. Methods Puerarin was added to the culture medium during the process of adipogenesis. The proliferation and differentiation of bovine preadipocytes was measured through cell viability and staining with Oil Red O. The content of triacylglycerol (TG) was measured using a triglyceride assay kit. The mRNA and protein expression levels of adipogenic genes, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBPα), were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting, respectively. Results The addition of puerarin significantly increased adipogenesis of bovine preadipocytes and enhanced the mRNA and protein level expression of PPARγ (p

Background The optimal locoregional treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) versus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in HCC patients with PVTT. Methods This retrospective study included 544 HCC patients with PVTT (GKR, 202; TACE, 342). Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis identified 171 matched pairs of patients. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Results Before PSM, the GKR group exhibited longer median OS (mOS) than the TACE group (17.2 vs. 8.0 months, p p p = 0.001; 14.5 vs. 6.5 months, p = 0.001, respectively) and comparable OS for patients with PVTT I. After PSM, the GKR group had also a longer mOS than the TACE group (15.8 vs. 10.4 months, p p Conclusions GKR was associated better OS than TACE in HCC patients with PVTT, especially for patients with PVTT II-IV. Clinical Trials Registration The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry under the registration number ChiCTR2100051057.

The rising of deep learning has facilitated the development of single image super-resolution (SISR). However, the growing burdensome model complexity and memory occupation severely hinder its practical deployments on resource-limited devices. In this paper, we propose a novel joint-distillation (JDSR) framework to boost the representation of various off-the-shelf lightweight SR models. The framework includes two stages: the superior LR generation and the joint-distillation learning. The superior LR is obtained from the HR image itself. With less than $300$K parameters, the peer network using superior LR as input can achieve comparable SR performance with large models, e.g., RCAN, with 15M parameters, which enables it as the input of peer network to save the training expense. The joint-distillation learning consists of internal self-distillation and external mutual learning. The internal self-distillation aims to achieve model self-boosting by transferring the knowledge from the deeper SR output to the shallower one. Specifically, each intermediate SR output is supervised by the HR image and the soft label from subsequent deeper outputs. To shrink the capacity gap between shallow and deep layers, a soft label generator is designed in a progressive backward fusion way with meta-learning for adaptive weight fine-tuning. The external mutual learning focuses on obtaining interaction information from a peer network in the process. Moreover, a curriculum learning strategy and a performance gap threshold are introduced for balancing the convergence rate of the original SR model and its peer network. Comprehensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that our proposal improves the performance of recent lightweight SR models by a large margin, with the same model architecture and inference expense.

Liquid–gas–solid three-phase flows in hydrocyclones are studied numerically in this paper by employing a coupled method of the volume of fluid (VOF) and discrete element model (DEM) with Reynolds stress model (RSM) turbulence model. The numerical method is validated by comparing the calculated results to those of experiments published in the literature about the separation of particle flows in hydrocyclones. Since VOF-DEM model could capture the gas–liquid interface of particle flows, the three-dimensional formation process of the air-core together with the formation of the spiral trajectory of particles are depicted for the first time. In addition, the effects of the particle concentration ω (less than 12%) on the air-core formation time Tf and diameter Da are studied systematically, which has not been reported in the literature. The increase of ω has both positive and negative actions on the change of Tf and Da, and the compromises of two kinds of actions generate the valley or peak of the curves of Tf versus ω and Da versus ω, respectively. Moreover, the results for three hydrocyclones with different cone angles are also compared to study the effects of the cylindrical and conical section on the air-core formation and the separation performance of the hydrocyclones. By analyzing the flow fields and the pressure changes inside the hydrocyclones, qualitative explanations of the relevant discoveries are given in this paper. The results will be helpful in the investigation of the multiphase flow behaviors in the hydrocyclone and in the selection of the appropriate hydrocyclone.

This work reviews the results of the NTIRE 2021 Challenge on Non-Homogeneous Dehazing. The proposed techniques and their results have been evaluated on a novel dataset that extends the NH-Haze datset. It consists of additional 35 pairs of real haze free and nonhomogeneous hazy images recorded outdoor. The nonhomogeneous haze has been introduced in the outdoor scenes by using a a professional setup that imitates the real conditions of haze scenes. 327 participants registered in the challenge and 23 teams competed in the final testing phase. The proposed solutions gauge the state-of-the-art in image dehazing.

Siliceous-sulphate rock coatings were observed at Zhenzhu Spring, an acid sulphate hot spring in the Tengchong volcanic field, China. These rock coatings are mainly formed of gypsum and amorphous silica. Some alum-(K), voltaite, α-quartz and muscovite were also found. Four different laminae are developed in the rock coatings: gypsum layer, tight siliceous layer, tabular siliceous layer and siliceous debris layer. The gypsum layer is located at the top of the rock coatings, while other siliceous layers appear below the gypsum layer. Geochemical modelling of the fluids was performed to identify the mechanisms responsible for the formation of gypsum and amorphous silica. The results indicated that the occurrence of gypsum is related to the acid-fog deposition and amorphous silica mainly originates from spring water. Fog deposition provided the rock coatings with abundant SO42−and Ca, and the subsequent complete evaporation of the condensed fluids produced gypsum. Seasonal climate change (especially variation in rainfall) determines the fluctuations of capillary action and dissolution. Rainfall events in the wet season led to periods of non-precipitating gypsum and promoted the capillary rise of the spring water. Slightly diluted capillary water (a small amount of rainwater) covered the rock coatings, formed a tight siliceous layer on the rock-coating surface and/or filled the pores among the gypsum crystals forming many tabular siliceous aggregates. Heavy rainfall (high dilution), however, resulted in non-precipitating amorphous silica and accelerated the gypsum dissolution, leaving tabular pores around tabular siliceous aggregates and forming a tabular siliceous layer.

Reshuitang is an important active hydrothermal area in the Tengchong geothermal field and is characterized by many hot springs and their associated deposits. Detailed mineralogical, crystal morphological, and stable isotopic investigations of the smooth slope fossil travertines at Reshuitang and hydrochemical studies of two active springs around the fossil travertines were conducted to study their genesis. The results show that 1) the modern springs discharge waters with high temperature (>70 °C), near-neutral pH (6.3–8.34), and high saturation indices of calcite and aragonite; 2) the fossil travertines contain calcite and small amounts of Mn-Fe oxides, halite, thenardite, and non‑carbonate debris; 3) the calcite include ray crystals, dendrite crystals, platy crystals, and spike crystals; and 4) δ13C and δ18O of the fossil travertines at Reshuitang range from −1.59‰ to −0.87‰ and 6.48‰ to 7.80‰, respectively. According to comparison between the travertines at Reshuitang and other travertines in Tengchong, all these travertines are thermogene travertines, with a large contribution of mantle degassing to their parent CO2, but are formed at different temperatures. The fossil travertines at Reshuitang, similar to those at Shuzhishi, are formed at high temperatures (near 100 °C), which results in weak microbial activities during the formation of the fossil travertines. Most of the calcite crystals at Reshuitang were non-equilibrium products precipitated directly from the spring waters during the deposition process, while the spike crystals originated from diagenetic dissolution of large calcite crystals. Comparison between the fossil travertines at Reshuitang and other smooth slope travertines from other areas shows these smooth slope travertines have different lithofacies and fabrics. In smooth slope environments, temperature may control the distribution and development of microbes and the intensity of CO2 degassing, and consequently cause the precipitation of contrasting fabrics and lithofacies.

The Zhenzhu Spring, located in the Tengchong volcanic field, Yunnan, China, is an acid hot spring with high SO42−concentrations and intense acid aerosol generation. In order to understand the formation mechanism of sulfate minerals at the Zhenzhu Spring and provide a better insight into the sulfur isotope geochemistry of the associated Rehai hydrothermal system, we investigated the spring water hydrochemistry, mineralogy and major-element geochemistry of sulfate minerals at the Zhenzhu Spring together with the sulfur-oxygen isotope geochemistry of sulfur-containing materials at the Rehai geothermal field and compared the isotope results with those in other steam-heated environments. Subaerial minerals include a wide variety of sulfate minerals (gypsum, alunogen, pickeringite, tamarugite, magnesiovoltaite and a minor Mg–S–O phase) and amorphous SiO2. The δ34S values of the subaerial sulfate minerals at the Zhenzhu Spring varied subtly from –0.33 to 1.88‰ and were almost consistent with the δ34S values of local H2S (–2.6 to 0.6‰) and dissolved SO42−(–0.2 to 5.8‰), while the δ18O values (–8.94 to 20.1‰) were between that of the spring waters (–10.19 to –6.7‰) and atmospheric O2(~23.88‰). The results suggest that most of the sulfate minerals are derived from the oxidation of H2S, similar to many sulfate minerals from modern steam-heated environments. However, the rapid environmental change (different ratio of atmospheric and water oxygen) at the Zhenzhu Spring accounts for the large variation of δ18O. The formation of subaerial sulfate minerals around the Zhenzhu Spring is related to acid aerosols (vapour and acid water droplets). The intense activity of spring water around vents supply the aerosol with H2SO4(H2S oxidation and acid water droplets formed by bubble bursting) and few cations. Deposition of the acid sulfate aerosol forms the acid condensate, which attacks the underlying rocks and releases many cations and anions to form subaerial sulfate minerals at the Zhenzhu Spring.

High-temperature SiO2-rich springs are one of the most indicative manifestations of deep geothermal activities. Although they often represent the valuable geothermal potentials and significances of the areas, their high SiO2 contents usually bring some non-negligible problems when we exploit the geothermal resources, especially the silica scales. To understand the sedimentation sequences of SiO2-rich hot springs and to expose its potential relationships with natural sinter deposits and silica scales in geothermal plants, this study make a couple of analyses of the water and solid samples collected from a natural SiO2-rich hot spring in Tengchong (i.e. Dagunguo spring) and isothermal evaporation experiments, including water chemistry analyses, X-ray diffraction, thin-section observation, and electron microscopy analyses. The modern sinters in Dagunguo spring are amorphous SiO2 which is largely formed of tight siliceous layers and some amorphous SiO2 spheres. Some silicified microorganisms, elemental sulfur, and clay are also found. The Dagunguo spring water is Na–Cl–HCO3-type SiO2-rich water, with a pH of about 8 and low dissolved concentrations of Al3+, Fe3+ and Mg2+. Isothermal evaporation (T = 84 °C) resulted in a sequence of precipitated minerals: amorphous SiO2 → halite → sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate (trona) → potassium chloride (sylvine), accompanied by calcite, hydrous sodium sulfate (mirabilite) and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). The amorphous SiO2 produced in the evaporation experiments exhibited different shapes and structures than the spherical opal-A formed by hot spring water precipitation under natural conditions. The study of precipitation sequence and minerals of hot spring water provides insight into the scaling mechanism of silica-rich geothermal water and anti-scaling measures that can be applied in the process of exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources.

The heat transfer and hydrodynamics of particle flows in stirred tanks are investigated numerically in this paper by using a coupled CFD–DEM method combined with a standard k-e turbulence model. Particle–fluid and particle–particle interactions, and heat transfer processes are considered in this model. The numerical method is validated by comparing the calculated results of our model to experimental results of the thermal convection of gas-particle flows in a fluidized bed published in the literature. This coupling model of computational fluid dynamics and discrete element (CFD–DEM) method, which could calculate the particle behaviors and individual particle temperature clearly, has been applied for the first time to the study of liquid-solid flows in stirred tanks with convective heat transfers. This paper reports the effect of particles on the temperature field in stirred tanks. The effects on the multiphase flow convective heat transfer of stirred tanks without and with baffles as well as various heights from the bottom are investigated. Temperature range of the multiphase flow is from 340 K to 350 K. The height of the blade is varied from about one-sixth to one-third of the overall height of the stirred tank. The numerical results show that decreasing the blade height and equipping baffles could enhance the heat transfer of the stirred tank. The calculated temperature field that takes into account the effects of particles are more instructive for the actual processes involving solid phases. This paper provides an effective method and is helpful for readers who have interests in the multiphase flows involving heat transfers in complex systems.

With the continuous development of information technology and automation technology in the modern power system, the storage of data is constantly increasing. Traditional data-management methods restrict the analysis and application of multi-dimensional and multi-level data in modern power system. The operation and maintenance of modern power systems put forward an urgent requirement for efficient and independent data-management methods. To this end, this paper proposes a data-management method for power system. with power equipment as the core object. It constructs an intelligent model for power equipment from five aspects, including perception, analysis, communication, memory and behavior. Based on the model, this paper designs a corresponding implementation system. The system strengthens the efficient organization and application of information and data in the power system through the expandable plug-in library, and establishes an intelligent model for equipment, which has a reference significance for the current fragmented data management of power system.