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During the 14th Five Year Plan period, the green transformation of China’s economic growth mode has become the top priority under the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goal. As an important focus of green transformation and development, manufacturing enterprises need to carry out green innovation to cope with the dual pressure of resource and environmental constraints and supply side structural contradictions. Based on the perspective of business ecosystem theory, this study uses fsQCA method to analyze the A-share listed manufacturing enterprise clusters in China’s Yangtze River Delta economic belt and the middle reaches of the Yellow River economic belt. The research found that: 1) Manufacturing enterprises engaged in green innovation has the characteristics of multi causality and concurrence, and there are mainly four driving paths of high performance level. 2) The vision of management and investment is the core supporting factor of green innovation performance. The business ecosystem structure, which combines environmental supervision and competitors’ green innovation concerns, is the core driving structure of enterprise green innovation. 3) Compared with the academic experience of senior executives, the driving effect of environmental investment plays a greater role in improving the level of innovation performance. The innovation of this study is to introduce the green investment vision of managers and the green innovation concerns of stakeholders into the research framework of green innovation driving paths of manufacturing enterprises, explore different green innovation paths across case sets, and discuss the heterogeneity of the impact of each path on the level of green innovation performance, providing a practical plan of green innovation for managers of manufacturing enterprises, and help them understand which business ecosystem elements can promote efficient green innovation.

Improving the innovation ability of organizations is the focal point of management study. This paper puts forward that innovative self-efficacy and employees’ innovative behaviour are continuous mediating variables, and discusses the influence mechanism of employees’ involvement and open service innovation from the individual factor level. In this study, a sample of 103 employees from travel companies was used to examine the hypothesis. The results show that employee engagement is positively related to open service innovation. Innovative self-efficacy plays a completely intermediary role between employee engagement and employee innovative behaviour; Creative self-efficacy and employees’ innovative behaviour play a continuous intermediary role between employees’ engagement and open service innovation. The results of this study will eventually help enterprises to carry out service innovation behaviour.

The construction of marine ranching is a concrete practice to fulfil the strategic objective of China’s maritime power. The shortage of funds has turned into an important issue to be resolved urgently in the modernization of marine ranching. This study constructs a supply chain system, involving a leading enterprise of marine ranching with short funds and a retailer, and introduces the government guidance fund to solve the issue of capital shortage. Then, we discuss the supply chain financing decision under two different power structure modes, and analyze the product environmental attribute (the product’s environmental friendliness and the environmental enrichment) and the guiding effect of government investment on the operation of different modes. The research shows that: (1) The wholesale price of products is mainly influenced by the dominant position of the marine ranching leading enterprise. Furthermore, the wholesale price and the marine ranching company’s profits increase with the growth of the product environmental attribute. (2) The retailer’s profit and the supply chain system’s profit are mainly affected by the dominant power of the retailer and are positively correlated with the product environmental attribute. In addition, the supply chain system’s overall profits are negatively related to the guiding effect of government investment.

The Chinese stock 300 index (CSI 300) is widely accepted as an overall reflection of the general movements and trends of the Chinese A-share markets. Among the methodologies used in stock market research, the complex network as the extension of graph theory presents an edged tool for analyzing internal structure and dynamic involutions. So, the stock data of the CSI 300 were chosen and divided into two time series, prepared for analysis via network theory. After stationary test and coefficients calculated for daily amplitudes of stock, two “year-round” complex networks were constructed, respectively. Furthermore, the network indexes, including out degree centrality, in degree centrality, and betweenness centrality, were analyzed by taking negative correlations among stocks into account. The first 20 stocks in the market networks, termed “major players,” “gatekeeper,” and “vulnerable players,” were explored. On this basis, temporal networks were constructed and the algorithm to test robustness was designed. In addition, quantitative indexes of robustness and evaluation standards of network robustness were introduced and the systematic risks of the stock market were analyzed. This paper enriches the theory on temporal network robustness and provides an effective tool to prevent systematic stock market risks.

Substantial changes took place in the role of consumers in the supply chain with the development of practices. They became creators from consumers of product values. More and more consumers express their consumption experiences by posting in network community. Consumer community network is an important place for feedback of product experiences and facilitating product innovation in future. Manufacturers can promote improvement and innovation of products by exploring effective information on the consumer community network, thus improving the experience level of consumers. Therefore, how to explore information in topics (posts) and their relationships becomes very important. Is it possible to describe the structure of consumer community network by complex network and explore information about products and consumers? There is important and positive significance to study the collaborative innovation in the supply chain in which consumers participate. In this paper, the consumer community network was constructed by Boolean retrieve programming and discussed in the methodology and empirical way based on the community data of Huawei P10/P10 Plus. In methodology, interaction difference and uniformity within consumer community were explored by the density of isolated nodes and generalized variance of degree of network. In empirical studies, community network users were divided into ordinary user group, intermediary user group, and enterprise user group according to empirical data, and corresponding interaction networks were constructed. A contrastive analysis on the interaction of these three groups was carried out by combining the existing properties and innovative properties. Topics in each network were put in the order according to significance. Research conclusions have important significance to enrich the network analysis methods, explore the effective information in consumer community network, facilitate product improvement and innovations, and improve the experience level of consumers.

The process of hydraulic fracturing makes use of a liquid to fracture reservoir rocks for the exploitation of unconventional resources. Hence, it is vital to understand the processes that produce the fracture networks that occur during hydraulic fracturing. A shale reservoir is one of the largest unconventional resources and it displays obvious anisotropic characteristics due to its inherent sedimentary structures. The viscosity and flow ability of the fracturing fluid plays an important role in this process. We conducted a series of hydraulic fracturing tests on shale cores (from the southern Sichuan Basin) using freshwater and supercritical CO2 (SCO2) as fracturing fluids to investigate the different modes of fracture propagation. The pump pressure curves that we obtained during the fracturing experiment show how the shale responded to each of the fracturing fluids. We examined the influence of the anisotropic characteristics on the propagation of hydraulic fractures by conducting a series of hydraulic fracturing experiments on the shale cores using different bedding orientations. The bedding orientation of the shale had a profound influence on the fracture propagation when using either freshwater or a SCO2 fluid. The breakdown pressure of the shale core was affected not only by the bedding orientation but also by the fracturing fluid. A macroscopic observation of the fractures revealed different fracture geometries and propagation patterns. The results demonstrated that the anisotropic structures and the fracturing fluids could influence the path of the hydraulic fracture.

Hydraulic fracturing is an important method of reservoir stimulation in the exploitation of geothermal resources, and conventional and unconventional oil and gas resources. In this article, hydraulic fracturing experiments with shale, sandstone cores (from southern Sichuan Basin), and granite cores (from Inner Mongolia) were conducted to investigate the different hydraulic fracture extension patterns in these three reservoir rocks. The different reactions between reservoir lithology and pump pressure can be reflected by the pump pressure monitoring curves of hydraulic fracture experiments. An X-ray computer tomography (CT) scanner was employed to obtain the spatial distribution of hydraulic fractures in fractured shale, sandstone, and granite cores. From the microscopic and macroscopic observation of hydraulic fractures, different extension patterns of the hydraulic fracture can be analyzed. In fractured sandstone, symmetrical hydraulic fracture morphology could be formed, while some micro cracks were also induced near the injection hole. Although the macroscopic cracks in fractured granite cores are barely observed by naked eye, the results of X-ray CT scanning obviously show the morphology of hydraulic fractures. It is indicated that the typical bedding planes well developed in shale formation play an important role in the propagation of hydraulic fractures in shale cores. The results also demonstrated that heterogeneity influenced the pathway of the hydraulic fracture in granite cores.

IntroductionDiabetic macular edema (DME) is a major cause of vision loss in the sick with diabetic retinopathy. The occurrence of DME is closely related to the breakdown of neurovascular coupling; however, its underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic biomarkers and potential molecular mechanisms associated with neurovascular coupling in DME.MethodsThe differential expression analysis, STEM, and WGCNA were performed from GSE160306 to identify hub genes. The gene expression was validated by RT-qPCR. The relevant mechanisms of action were investigated through GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses, as well as co-expression networks. Additionally, the LASSO regression analysis and a nomogram were used to demonstrate the diagnostic effectiveness of the model. Finally, the GenDoma platform was utilized to identify drugs with potential therapeutic effects on DME.ResultsNeurotrophic factor receptor (NGFR) was identified as a hub gene related to neurovascular coupling and DME. The expression of NGFR was verified by RT-qPCR in vitro cells. GSEA analysis indicated that high expression of NGFR may affect immunity and inflammatory pathway, thereby regulating neurovascular coupling and mediating the development of DME. The NGFR co-expression network was constructed, which exhibited the correlation with the neurotrophin signaling pathway. Moreover, a diagnostic model for DME based on NGFR and PREX1 demonstrated relatively good diagnostic performance using LASSO regression analysis and the nomogram. And then the GenDoma platform identified drugs with potential therapeutic effects on DME.ConclusionThe high expression of NGFR may lead to abnormal neurovascular coupling and participate in the occurrence of DME by regulating the immunity, inflammatory and neurotrophin signaling pathway. Detection of NGFR and related expression genes may be beneficial for monitoring the occurrence and development of DME.

Abstract Background Regenerative techniques combined with core decompression (CD) are commonly used to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). However, no consensus exists on regeneration therapy combined with CD that performs optimally. Therefore, we evaluated six regenerative therapies combined with CD treatment using a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Six common regeneration techniques were categorized into the following groups with CD as the control group: (1) autologous bone graft (ABG), (2) autologous bone graft combined with bone marrow aspirate concentrate (ABG + BMAC), (3) bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), (4) free vascular autologous bone graft (FVBG), (5) expanded mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and (6) platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The conversion rate to total hip arthroplasty (THA) and progression rate to femoral head necrosis were compared among the six treatments. Result A total of 17 literature were included in this study. In the NMA, two of the six treatment strategies demonstrated higher response in preventing the progression of ONFH than CD: MSCs (odds ratio [OR]: 0.098, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0087–0.87) and BMAC (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.073–0.73). Additionally, two of the six treatment strategies were effective techniques in preventing the conversion of ONFH to THA: MSCs (OR: 0.062, 95% CI: 0.0038–0.40) and BMAC (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.1–0.074). No significant difference was found among FVBG, PRP, ABG + BMAC, ABG, and CD in preventing ONFH progression and conversion to THA (P > 0.05). Conclusions Our NMA found that MSCs and BMAC were effective in preventing ONFH progression and conversion to THA among the six regenerative therapies. According to the surface under the cumulative ranking value, MSCs ranked first, followed by BMAC. Additionally, based on our NMA results, MSCs and BMAC following CD may be necessary to prevent ONFH progression and conversion to THA. Therefore, these findings provide evidence for the use of regenerative therapy for ONFH.

Phosphorus (P) recovery from wastewater is considered to be a positive human intervention towards sustainable P use in the global P cycle. This study investigated the feasibility of synthesizing a superparamagnetic nano-sorbent that was functionalized by lanthanum silicate nanorods (NRLa-Si) using drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS), evaluating both its P adsorption capacity and fertilization effect. The DWTS-based La-modified P nano-sorbent (P-sorbent D) exhibited complicated but single-layer-dominant adsorption for phosphate, with a maximum adsorption capacity up to 26.8 mg/g, which was superior to that of most of the similar sludge-based P-sorbent. The NRLa-Si-modified P-sorbent D was identified with several characterization techniques and the leaching metal elements from the nano-sorbent were tested, which were below the limits proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. In addition, the growth and vigorousness of Arabidopsis thaliana indicated that the exhausted P-sorbent D could be used as a potential water-soluble moderate-release P fertilizer, which was also confirmed by the well-fitted P uptake model and the P desorption pattern from the sorbent–fertilizer. The doped lanthanum silicate nanorods could play the dual role of P complexation enhancement and health/growth promotion. In light of this, this study proposed a new way of reclaiming DWTS as a P-sorbent for fertilization, offering new insights into the path toward “closing the P loop”.

Most of the current crop row detection algorithms focus on extracting crop canopy rows as location information. However, for some high-pole crops, due to the transverse deviation of the position of the canopy and roots, the agricultural machinery can easily cause the wheel to crush the crop when it is automatically driven. In fact, it is more accurate to use the crop root row as the feature for its location calibration, so a method of crop root row detection is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the ROI (region of interest) of the crop canopy is extracted by a semantic segmentation algorithm, then crop canopy row detection lines are extracted by the horizontal strip division and the midpoint clustering method within the ROI. Next, the Crop Root Representation Learning Model learns the Representation of the crop canopy row and crop root row to obtain the Alignment Equation. Finally, the crop canopy row detection lines are modified according to the Alignment Equation parameters to obtain crop root row detection lines. The average processing time of a single frame image (960 × 540 pix) is 30.49 ms, and the accuracy is 97.1%. The research has important guiding significance for the intelligent navigation, tilling, and fertilization operation of agricultural machinery.

The optimal pricing strategies and coordination contract of providers of low carbon tourism products and services (TCP) and an online travel agency (OTA) are discussed based on altruism preference of decision makers. A competition model is established to compare and analyze the revenue, pricing strategies and coordination conditions in Stackelberg game model. According to the study and comparison results, altruism preference can directly influence decision-makers' decisions and supply chain. Meanwhile, information symmetry can determine decision making. If altruism preference of TCP increases, the overall profit of the supply chain will be enhanced in spite of the information symmetry. When Altruism Preference of OTA platform increases, the overall profit of the supply chain will decrease in the case of information symmetry. As for information asymmetry, the overall supply chain profit will decease with increasing altruism preference. Moreover, numerical examples are taken to analyze the profits of OTA and TCP in revenue coordination. Finally, some suggestions are proposed for the establishment of coordination contract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) promotes atherogenesis and acute cardiovascular events. We previously demonstrated ASM inhibitor desipramine attenuated oxidized-LDL-induced macrophage apoptosis in vitro. Here, we aim to determine whether ASM-mediated apoptosis in plaque improves stability in vivo. In this study, rabbits with abdominal aorta balloon injury and a 12-week high-cholesterol diet (HCD) were used to simulate an atherosclerotic plaque model. Atherosclerotic rabbits received oral administration of saline (Control group), atorvastatin (Ator group), or desipramine (DES group). ASM activity and ceramide level were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Plaque morphology was assessed by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis was evaluated by SPECT/CT imaging of 99mTc-duramycin uptake and TUNEL. We found that increasing ASM activity and ceramide level in atherosclerotic rabbits was abated by additional atorvastatin and desipramine treatment. Meanwhile, the DES and Ator groups were similar in plaque stability, with smaller plaque size, areas of macrophages, higher smooth muscle cell content, and decreased apoptosis and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities relative to the Control group. 99mTc-duramycin uptake of rabbit aorta was significantly higher in Control than in the Normal group, while it was reduced by desipramine and atorvastatin administration. Moreover, the uptake of 99mTc-duramycin positively correlated with apoptotic cell number, macrophage infiltration, and plaque instability. The present study demonstrated that desipramine exerted plaque-stabilizing effects partially by suppressing apoptosis and MMP activity in a rabbit model. And 99mTc-duramycin SPECT/CT imaging allowed noninvasively monitoring of atherosclerotic disease and evaluation of anti-atherosclerotic therapy.

In this paper, the whirl characteristics and instability of the thresher in a combined harvester subjected to stalk winding are investigated. Using the spinning Timoshenko beam assumptions, the governing equations of motion for the thresher-stalk system are obtained via Hamilton’s principle. Considering the elastic end supports, the exact and approximated dimensionless whirl frequency equations are derived. On the basis of the obtained formulas, both whirl characteristics and stability of the thresher-stalk system are investigated numerically, and the validation of the present analysis is conducted by comparing with the results available in the literature. In addition, the effects of mode number, mass ratio, eccentric distance, shear deformation, and slenderness ratio on the critical spinning speed, stability, and instability boundary are deeply discussed. The results show that the whirl characteristics and stability of the thresher-stalk system are strongly dependent on the stalks wound around the thresher.

Abstract Background Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) is a well-established procedure for addressing recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) in young patients. However, despite being a promising procedure for RPD with genu valgum, there is a scarcity of reports on simultaneous MPFLR and closing-wedge distal femoral osteotomy (CWDFO). The purpose of the present study was to observe and analyse the clinical and imaging findings of CWDFO combined with MPFLR for RPD with genu valgum. Methods From May 2015 to April 2018, 25 patients with RPD and genu valgum were surgically treated in our department. Anteroposterior long-leg, weight-bearing, lower-extremity radiographs, lateral radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans of the patellofemoral joint were obtained, and the anatomical femorotibial angle (aFTA), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), weight-bearing line rate (WBLR), patellar height, patellar lateral shift (PLS) and tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance were analysed. Validated knee scores, such as the Kujala, Lysholm, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and Tegner socres, were evaluated preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively. Results 25 patients, with an average age of 19.8 years (14–27), were evaluated. During the 2-year follow-up period, all patients were able to achieve a better sports level without any problems, with no recurrence of patellar instability. Compared with preoperation, the aFTA, mLDFA, WBLR and PLS showed statistically significant improvement following the procedure (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, no significant differences in the Insall index and TT-TG distance were found. The mean Kujala score, average Lysholm score, VAS score and Tegner socres showed significant postoperative improvement. Conclusions CWDFO combined with MPFLR is a suitable treatment for RPD with genu valgum, and can lead to significant improvement in the clinical and imaging findings of the knee in the short term.

BackgroundAdolescence is a period of high incidence for depression. However, there is a limited treatment option for the adolescent depression. For treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, HF-rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) appears therapeutically effective. The aim of the study is to explore the early effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in combination with sertraline in adolescents with first-episode major depressive disorder.MethodsA total of 100 teenage patients with first-episode depression were randomly divided into the study groups. Both groups were treated with sertraline. In addition, the study group was treated with ten sessions of add-on rTMS. The control group was given sertraline only. The depressive symptom and cognitive function were assessed by the Hamilton depression rating scale 17 version (HAMD-17), Children’s Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R), Integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT), and THINC-it.ResultsThe number of early improvers after 2 weeks of treatment in the study group was statistically significant higher compared to the control group (95.83% vs 73.47%, χ2 = 9.277, P = 0.002). There was significant difference observed in responder rates (62.50% vs. 28.57%, χ2 = 11.262, P = 0.001) or in remission rates (31.25% vs. 6.12%, χ2 = 10.130, P = 0.001) between the two groups at 4 weeks. The score of HAMD-17 and CDRS-R in the study group were significantly lower than the control group (Fgroup = 12.91 vs 10.21, P < 0.05). Attention Quotient (listening, visual and full-scale) attention quotient of IVA-CPT in the study group were higher than those in the control group after treatment, and the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). The study group showed higher score in Spotter than the control group after treatment (P < 0.05).DiscussionThis is the most extensive blinded, randomized clinical study to date examining the efficacy of 10-Hz add-on rTMS for first-onset adolescent depression. Our results support that add-on rTMS accelerates the efficacy of the antidepressants, improving the depressive symptoms and cold cognitive function in first-episode adolescent depression.Clinical Trial Registration[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [ChiCTR2100048534].

In this study, whirl characteristics and stability of an axially functionally graded (AFG) liquid-filled rotor are investigated. The rotor is modeled based on the spinning Timoshenko beam theory. The governing equations for flexural vibration are derived via Hamilton’s principle. For pinned–pinned AFG liquid-filled rotor, the analytical solutions are derived for both the exact whirl frequency equation and the stability model. To validate the present formulations, comparative studies by numerical solutions available in the literature are conducted. Some numerical examples are performed to investigate the effects of gradient parameter, mass ratio, cavity ratio, rotary inertia, and shear deformation on the whirl speed, the critical spinning speed, and the stability of the AFG liquid-filled rotor system. The results show that these parameters have noticeable influences on dynamic behavior and stability of the rotor system. In particular, the rotary inertia and shear deformation play an important role in the stability analysis for different length rotors.

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel plays a critical role in regulating the resting membrane potential and integrating synaptic transmission. Variants of HCN1 have been recognized as causes of epilepsy, and mutant HCN1 channels could act with loss-of-function (LOF), loss- and gain-of-function (LOF and GOF) and gain-of-function (GOF) mechanisms. However, phenotypes and pathogenesis of HCN1-related epilepsy are still poorly understood. This study enrolled five epileptic cases carrying five different HCN1 variants: two pathogenic variants (I380F and S710Rfs*71), two likely pathogenic variants (E240G and A395G), and a paternally inherited variant (V572A). Four variants were novel. Electrophysiological experiments revealed impaired biophysical properties of the identified mutants, including current densities and activation/deactivation kinetics. Moreover, three variants exerted effects on the biophysical properties of wild-type HCN1 channels in heterozygous conditions. Immunofluorescence experiments showed that two variants reduced the protein expression of HCN1channels in neurons. Neurons expressing E240G (GOF) variant showed increased input resistance. However, the variant of I380F (LOF) increased the neuronal firing rate, thus leading to neuronal hyperexcitability. In conclusion, the present study expands the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of patients with HCN1-related epilepsy and clarifies the underlying mechanisms. We reported five new cases including four unreported likely/pathogenic variants. We provided assessments of biophysical function for each variant, which could help patients to receive individual therapy in the future. We confirmed that HCN1 variants contributed to neuronal hyperexcitability by regulating input resistance and the action potential firing rate, and we have shown that they can affect protein expression in neurons for the first time.

The intelligent fault diagnosis of main circulation pumps is crucial for ensuring their safe and stable operation. However, limited research has been conducted on this topic, and applying existing fault diagnosis methods designed for other equipment may not yield optimal results when directly used for main circulation pump fault diagnosis. To address this issue, we propose a novel ensemble fault diagnosis model for the main circulation pumps of converter valves in voltage source converter-based high voltage direct current transmission (VSG-HVDC) systems. The proposed model employs a set of base learners already able to achieve satisfying fault diagnosis performance and a weighting model based on deep reinforcement learning that synthesizes the outputs of these base learners and assigns different weights to obtain the final fault diagnosis results. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms alternative approaches, achieving an accuracy of 95.00% and an F1 score of 90.48%. Compared to the widely used long and short-term memory artificial neural network (LSTM), the proposed model exhibits improvements of 4.06% in accuracy and 7.85% in F1 score. Furthermore, it surpasses the latest existing ensemble model based on the improved sparrow algorithm, with enhancements of 1.56% in accuracy and 2.91% in F1 score. This work presents a data-driven tool with high accuracy for the fault diagnosis of main circulation pumps, which plays a critical role in maintaining the operational stability of VSG-HVDC systems and satisfying the unmanned requirements of offshore flexible platform cooling systems.

Appropriate cooling of the converter valve in a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system is highly significant for the safety, stability, and economical operation of a power grid. The proper adjustment of cooling measures is based on the accurate perception of the valve’s future overtemperature state, which is characterized by the valve’s cooling water temperature. However, very few previous studies have focused on this need, and the existing Transformer model, which excels in time-series predictions, cannot be directly applied to forecast the valve overtemperature state. In this study, we modified the Transformer and present a hybrid Transformer–FCM–NN (TransFNN) model to predict the future overtemperature state of the converter valve. The TransFNN model decouples the forecast process into two stages: (i) The modified Transformer is used to obtain the future values of the independent parameters; (ii) the relation between the valve cooling water temperature and the six independent operating parameters is fit, and the output of the Transformer is used to calculate the future values of the cooling water temperature. The results of the quantitative experiments showed that the proposed TransFNN model outperformed other models with which it was compared; with TransFNN being applied to predict the overtemperature state of the converter valves, the forecast accuracy was 91.81%, which was improved by 6.85% compared with that of the original Transformer model. Our work provides a novel approach to predicting the valve overtemperature state and acts as a data-driven tool for operation and maintenance personnel to use to adjust valve cooling measures punctually, effectively, and economically.

In recent years, the application of knowledge graphs to alleviate cold start and data sparsity problems of users and items in recommendation systems, has aroused great interest. In this paper, in order to address the insufficient representation of user and item embeddings in existing knowledge graph-based recommendation methods, a knowledge-aware enhanced network, combining neighborhood information recommendation (KCNR), is proposed. Specifically, KCNR first encodes prior information about the user–item interaction, and obtains the user’s different knowledge neighbors by propagating them in the knowledge graph, and uses a knowledge-aware attention network to distinguish and aggregate the contributions of the different neighbors in the knowledge graph, as a way to enrich the user’s description. Similarly, KCNR samples multiple-hop neighbors of item entities in the knowledge graph, and has a bias to aggregate the neighborhood information, to enhance the item embedding representation. With the above processing, KCNR can automatically discover structural and associative semantic information in the knowledge graph, and capture users’ latent distant personalized preferences, by propagating them across the knowledge graph. In addition, considering the relevance of items to entities in the knowledge graph, KCNR has designed an information complementarity module, which automatically shares potential interaction characteristics of items and entities, and enables items and entities to complement the available information. We have verified that KCNR has excellent recommendation performance through extensive experiments in three real-life scenes: movies, books, and music.

The existing knowledge graph embedding (KGE) method has achieved good performance in recommendation systems. However, the relevancy degree among entities reduces gradually along the spread in the knowledge graph. Focusing on the explicit and implicit relationships among entities, this paper proposes an attention knowledge network combining explicit and implicit information (AKNEI) to effectively capture and exactly describe the correlation between entities in the knowledge graph. First, we design an information-sharing layer (ISL) to realize information sharing between projects and entities through implicit interaction. We innovatively propose a cross-feature fusion module to extract high-order feature information in the model. At the same time, this paper uses the attention mechanism to solve the problem of the decline of information relevance in the process of knowledge graph propagation. Finally, the features of KGE and cross feature fusion module are integrated into the end-to-end learning framework, the item information in the recommendation task and the knowledge graph entity information are interacted implicitly and explicitly, and the characteristics between them are automatically learned. We performed extensive experiments on multiple public datasets that include movies, music, and books. According to the experimental results, our model has a great improvement in performance compared with the latest baseline.

The Orchidaceae, otherwise known as orchids, is one of the largest plant families and is renowned for its spectacular flowers and ecological adaptations. Various polymorphisms of orchid flower colour can attract pollinators and be recognised as valuable horticultural ornamentals. As one of the longest historic cultured orchids, Cymbidium kanran has been domesticated for more than 2,500 years and is an ideal species to study coloration mechanisms because of plentiful variations in floral coloration and abundant traditional varieties. In this study, we used two distinct colour-type flowers of C. kanran as experimental materials to elucidate the mechanism of flower coloration. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that anthocyanins in purple-red-type flowers include three types of anthocyanidin aglycones, peonidin, malvidin, and cyanidin, whereas anthocyanins are lacking in white-type flowers. Through comparative transcriptome sequencing, 102 candidate genes were identified as putative homologues of colour-related genes. Based on comprehensive correlation analysis between colour-related compounds and gene expression profiles, four candidates from 102 captured genes showed a positive correlation with anthocyanidin biosynthesis. Furthermore, transient expression of CkCHS-1, CkDFR, and CkANS by particle bombardment confirmed that recovery of their expression completed the anthocyanin pathway and produced anthocyanin compounds in white-type flowers. Collectively, this study provided a comprehensive transcriptomic dataset for Cymbidium, which significantly facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of regulating floral pigment accumulation in orchids.

As the most prevalent epi-transcriptional modification, m6A modifications play essential roles in regulating RNA fate. The molecular functions of YTH521-B homology (YTH) domain proteins, the most known READER proteins of m6A modifications, have been well-studied in animals. Although plants contain more YTH domain proteins than other eukaryotes, little is known about their biological importance. In dicot species Arabidopsis thaliana, the YTHDFA clade members ECT2/3/4 and CPSF30-L are well-studied and important for cell proliferation, plant organogenesis, and nitrate transport. More emphasis is needed on the biological functions of plant YTH proteins, especially monocot YTHs. Here we presented a detailed phylogenetic relationship of eukaryotic YTH proteins and clustered plant YTHDFC clade into three subclades. To determine the importance of monocot YTH proteins, YTH knockout mutants and RNAi-induced knockdown plants were constructed and used for phenotyping, transcriptomic analysis, and stress treatments. Knocking out or knocking down OsYTHs led to the downregulation of multicellular organismal regulation genes and resulted in growth defects. In addition, loss-of-function ythdfa mutants led to better salinity tolerance whereas ythdfc mutants were more sensitive to abiotic stress. Overall, our study establishes the functional relevance of rice YTH genes in plant growth regulation and stress response.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a progressive respiratory disease, is characterized by the alveolar epithelium injury and persistent airway inflammation. It is documented that oscillation and dysregulated expression of circadian clock genes, like Bmal1, Per1, and Per2, involved in COPD pathogenies, including chronic inflammation and imbalanced autophagy level, and targeting the associations of circadian rhythm and autophagy is promising strategies in the management and treatment of COPD. Herein, we reviewed the mechanisms of the circadian clock and the unbalance of the autophagic level in COPD, as well as the link between the two, so as to provide further theoretical bases for the study on the pathogenesis of COPD.

The combined radiant floor and fan coil cooling (RFCAFC) system is widely used due to its high comfort and large energy saving potential. In this study, as an example, the combined RFCAFC system was studied in a high humidity environment in Jinan, Shandong Province, China. The novelty of the combined RFCAFC system lies in its ability to automatically adjust the water supply temperature of the radiant floor and fan coil in real time according to outdoor meteorological conditions, achieving thermal comfort while eliminating the likelihood of condensation on the radiant floor surface. Days with similar outdoor meteorological conditions were grouped, and the comfort level and hourly cooling performance coefficient (EERh) of different operating strategies for different outdoor meteorological conditions were monitored along with other evaluation indicators. The RFCAFC had good energy efficiency and comfort in a high humidity room environment. This study showed that the indoor vertical air temperature difference ranged from 1.6 to 1.8 °C, which met the ASHRAE55-2017 standard. The radiant floor surface temperature uniformity coefficient (S) fluctuated between 0.7 and 1.0, and the time it took the radiant floor surface temperature to reach 63.2% of the total variability range (τ63) for different operation strategies based on different outdoor meteorological conditions ranged between 4.4 and 4.7 h, which was within the normal range. The proportion of the total cooling capacity contributed by fan coil cooling under low temperature and high humidity (LH), high temperature and low humidity (HL), and medium temperature and medium humidity (MM) were 68.0%, 73.8%, and 71.7%, respectively. Based on this study, the following recommendations for the combined cooling system can be made: (1) When the outdoor humidity is high, the radiant floor system should be turned on early to provide cooling capacity. When the outdoor temperature is high, the fan coil system should be turned on early to reduce the indoor temperature. (2) To reduce energy consumption and achieve efficient operation of the system, the radiant floor system should be continuously operated to maximize its contribution to the cooling capacity, while the fan coil can be operated intermittently. Natural cooling can be integrated to provide additional cooling capacity to the room in the hours preceding occupation (i.e., 7:00–9:00). (3) The operation strategy of the combined cooling system must be able to respond in real time to changes in outdoor meteorological conditions to prevent discomfort in times of extreme heat or humidity.

Purpose: To examine the results of medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) combined with all-inside repair focusing on medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRT) by second-look arthroscopy and determine the clinical relevance of the findings. Methods: From June 2015 to June 2017, 27 consecutive patients underwent MOWHTO and meniscal treatment for MMPRT using all-inside repair. All were available for second-look arthroscopy evaluation at the time of plate removal. Cartilage regeneration in the medial condyles and healing status of the MMPRT were assessed at the time of second-look arthroscopy. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores and the Lysholm score scale. The potential factors affecting the healing of MMPRT, including age, body mass index (BMI), weight-bearing line rate (WBLR) and femorotibial angle (FTA) were discussed. Results: There were 11 (41%) cases with complete healing (group A) and 16 (59%) cases with lax healing (group B). A complete cartilage coverage of chondral lesions was observed at second-look arthroscopy. Improvements of HSS in both groups were 41.25 ± 6.18 and 38.82 ± 5.43, while improvements in Lysholm score seen in both groups were 30.40 ± 4.84 and 32.65 ± 4.11. There was no significant difference in the postoperative clinical results between the two groups. In group A, the age (months), BMI, WBLR, and FTA are 54.61 ± 2.53, 23.58 ± 2.39, 66.10 ± 2.86% and 169.00 ± 2.62°, respectively, while in group B, they are 55.16 ± 4.92, 29.58 ± 3.91, 57.51 ± 5.49% and 175.21 ± 2.87°, respectively. A significant difference has been identified between two groups except for age. Conclusion: As seen in this retrospective study, a higher healing rate of MMPRT using all-inside repair and regeneration of degenerated articular cartilage in the medial condyles after MOWHTO can be expected. Healing of the MMPRT was not related to a better clinical outcome. Moreover, it can be inferred that BMI, WBLR and FTA may affect the healing status of MMPRT.

We report a simple realization of a compact linear electroacoustic field effect transistor (EA-FET) constructed by coupling a membrane-type acoustic metamaterial with a piezoelectric shunt circuit. As analogous to the electroelectronic field effect transistor, the proposed EA-FET is a four-terminal device in which the sound flux is regulated by the external electric field. The core function of the EA-FET relies on the electrical-elasticity-control mechanism stemming from the inside mechanical and electrical interactions. The effectiveness of the EA-FET concept is proved by investigating the intrinsic output and transfer properties and the sound transmission characteristics. The continuous and rapid regulation of sound flux, as well as the acoustic binary encoding via an EA-FET sample, were demonstrated experimentally. As an essential analog acoustic functional device, the EA-FET could play a significant role in engineering the integration of analog acoustic circuits, and it may be adapted to build distributed information processing systems.