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Circular RNAsplay important modulators in cisplatin (DDP) resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, the role and mechanism of circ_0030411 in DDP-resistant NSCLC was explored. Circ_0030411, miR-495-3p, CCND1, PCNA, Bax, E-cadherin, and ki-67 expression were examined byqRT-PCR, western blot and IHC. DDP resistance, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and motility were assessed usingCCK, EdU flow cytometry, and transwell. Xenograft tumour model was established to explore the role of circ_0030411 in DDP-resistant NSCLC. Interaction between miR-495-3p and circ_0030411 or CCND1 wasverified

Despite tremendous advances in the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC, the morbidity and mortality of NSCLC still rank high worldwide. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is vital to the invasion, metastasis, and recurrence of NSCLC. Unfortunately, the mechanism behind NSCLC cancer cell EMT remains elusive. Therefore, determining the potential key molecules that induce EMT is important. TATA-binding protein-associated factor-1 (TAF1) is an important component of the preinitiation complex (PIC) that is dysregulated in carcinogenesis. However, the role of TAF1 in NSCLC development is unknown. Therefore, we studied the role of TAF1 in the pathogenesis of NSCLC. First, the expression of TAF1 was determined in human NSCLC tissues and cell lines. TAF1-overexpressing and TAF1 knockdown cell lines were established to evaluate the effect of TAF1 on NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion and migration by colony formation and Transwell assays. The target genes of TAF1 were identified by PCR array and verified by luciferase reporter assay. Our data demonstrated that TAF1 is upregulated in NSCLC. Higher TAF1 expression predicted poor outcomes in NSCLC patients. Mechanistically, TAF1 transcriptionally activated TGFβ1, thus promoting NSCLC cell EMT and the development of NSCLC. Targeting TAF1/TGFβ1 signalling may be potentially helpful as a therapeutic for NSCLC.

Pulmonary nodules have been found as the main pathological change in the lung. Signs of pulmonary nodule lay the major basis for the recognition of the benign and malignant of pulmonary nodules. The spiculation of pulmonary nodules is one of the main signs. Pulmonary nodules are small in volume, so they are difficult to extract accurately. Moreover, the number of spiculation samples is limited, so it is difficult to build a stable network structure. Thus, a novel pulmonary nodule spiculation recognition algorithm is proposed. MCA (morphological component analysis) model is built to segment pulmonary nodules in accordance with the composition of pulmonary CT images. Subsequently, the maximum density projection mechanism is introduced to characterize the boundary features of pulmonary nodules to the maximum extent. Inspired by time series dynamic programming, this paper proposes DTW (dynamic time warping) distance to measure data similarity. Lastly, a semisupervised generative adversarial network is built to solve the problem of insufficient positive samples, and it is capable of recognizing pulmonary nodule spiculation. As revealed by the experimental result, the proposed algorithm exhibited strong robustness.

Drug resistance has become the major obstacle for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are tightly linked to the development of drug resistance of NSCLC. Herein, we tested the function of circ_0002360 in the Taxol resistance of NSCLC. Circ_0002360, microRNA (miR)-585-3p and G protein regulated inducer of neurite outgrowth 1 (GPRIN1) were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). To identify the circular structure of circ_0002360, RNase R digestion was applied. To detect cell proliferation, colony formation and 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays were used. For assessment of cell apoptosis, flow cytometry was adopted. For motility and invasion analyses, transwell assay was employed. Our data showed that circ_0002360 was mainly located in the cytoplasm and was highly expressed in the Taxol-resistant NSCLC. Silencing of circ_0002360 inhibited cell Taxol resistance, proliferation, motility, and invasiveness and induced apoptosis in vitro. MiR-585-3p was underexpressed in Taxol-resistant NSCLC and was targeted by circ_0002360. MiR-585-3p knockdown alleviated the influence of circ_0002360 silence on Taxol-resistant cells. GPRIN1 was directly targeted by miR-585-3p. The influence of miR-585-3p on cell Taxol resistance and functional behaviors was reversed by GPRIN1 overexpression. Moreover, circ_0002360 modulated GPRIN1 through miR-585-3p. Additionally, silencing of circ_0002360 weakened the growth of xenografts in vivo. Our study demonstrated that silencing of circ_0002360 enhanced the Taxol sensitivity and suppressed the malignant behaviors of Taxol-resistant NSCLC cells by miR-585-3p/GPRIN1 axis, providing novel targets for improving the anti-tumor efficacy of Taxol in NSCLC.

Main text This report summarizes the results of the measurements performed as a CIPM Key Comparison (CCEM.RF-K27.W) on high frequency power in waveguide among eight National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) of Germany (PTB), UK (NPL), France (LNE), China (NIM), Russia (VINIIFTRI), USA (NIST), Korea (KRISS), Japan (NMIJ). The Pilot Laboratory (PL) is NIM. The comparison was performed between May 2019 and December 2021. In this comparison, the effective efficiency and calibration factor of two WR15 (R620) waveguide thermistor mounts (travelling standards) were measured in the frequency range 50 GHz to 75 GHz. In the final report the list of participants, measurement quantities, methods of measurement, and measured results are given. The repeatability of the travelling standards, the key comparison reference values (KCRVs) and the degree of equivalence (DoE) of participating institutions are discussed. The appendix also provides the measurement method, measurement results and uncertainty budget of each participant. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA). To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

To realize microwave power traceability, we apply a newly developed calibration technique for measuring the correction factor of a calorimeter with a vector network analyzer in the WR-15 frequency band. The wave-parameter approach is used to formulate analytic expressions for the correction factor and effective efficiency. This allows us to systematically track the uncertainty with correlation along an unbroken path. Measurement results are consistent with what was previously obtained by use of the conventional method.

Power is the fundamental parameter among the radio frequency metrology key parameters, which provides the traceability to many parameters. To ensure the preciseness of power measurement, accurate expression and analysis of calibration factor is indispensable. In conventional method, calibration factor of power sensor and adapter combination is based on efficiency equation. Measurement uncertainty is relatively large due to network analyzer's uncertainty. In this paper, we propose a novel approach calculating calibration factor of combination, based on transmission line's loss factor. Measurement uncertainty is expected to decrease from 3% to 2%, with novel approach applied. Calculation method is proved by calibration experiment of 7mm power transfer standard. Difference of calibration factor between calculation and experiment is reduced by 75%, indicating a dramatical decrease of measurement uncertainty.

In calibration measurement of RF power sensor, effective efficiency directly measured requires further correction to compensate external power loss. Correction factor is hence introduced, to convert uncorrected effective efficiency to real effective efficiency of power sensor. In conventional calculation method, insertion loss of transmission line connected to sensor is neglected, due to its relatively small value. Yet for higher frequency band, insertion loss undergoes rapid increase. Hence conventional calculation method of correction factor results in an unacceptable calculation error. This paper presents a new calculation method of correction factor, valid for high frequency power measurement. Correction factor increases up to 5% with proposed method applied. Subsequently, an iterative algorithm for correction factor is introduced, achieving precise correction factor results via computer software.

The magnetic anchoring lung nodule positioning device is composed of a target magnet, an anchor magnet, a coaxial puncture needle and a puncture navigation template, through these, a new type of accurate positioning technology for small pulmonary nodules is derived. The device inserts the target magnet into the both sides nearby the lung nodule under the guidance of CT. Helped by the mutual attraction of the two target magnets, they can be fixed in the lung tissue, avoiding the movement in the lung, and accurately positioning the target lung nodule before surgery. In thoracoscopic surgery, the anchor magnet and the target magnet attract each other to achieve the purpose of positioning the target nodule. The device uses the characteristics of non-contact suction of magnetic materials biomedical engineering technology, eliminating the previous procedure of direct interaction with the positioning marks, finally achieves the target of precise positioning of lung nodules and rapid surgical removal.

The 2.4mm coaxial microcalorimeter is a system used to calibrate the effective efficiency of coaxial microwave power sensors. The frequency range of DC~50 GHz is of great significance for microwave precision measurement and applications. The system requires a thermal insulated transmission line. In this paper, a section of grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line with vias is designed, which has good thermal insulation effect confirmed by experiment results.

When calibrating the Type N power sensor, HP 8478B thermistor mount, with the broadband (0.01~18GHz) coaxial primary power standard, the effective efficiency at the 10MHz was investigated, and we found that the Agilent 34420A nanovoltmeter could not measure floating signal. To weaken the effect of 34420A on the effective efficiency measurement, we modified the power meter.

Recently, 11 laboratories from the provincial and municipal metrology departments and enterprises participated in a microwave power comparison with Type-N connector, which was organized by the National Institute of Metrology (NIM), China. In this comparison, the participating laboratory was required to provide their own power sensor and calibration factors. The power sensors were measured using a reference system at the NIM. This star-type comparison can save a lot time and effort while ensuring the validity and rationality of the comparison results.

This paper describes the principle of microwave power measurement and the composition of the power primary standard system with frequency up to 220 GHz. And the microwave power calibration and measurement capabilities of NIM (National Metrology of Institute, China) are introduced briefly.

We achieve the time-domain waveform measurement of 100GHz high-speed photodiode basing on electrooptic sampling technique, and analyze the corresponding frequency-domain characterization. We investigate time-domain responses and frequency-domain responses by the variation of gaps between the center line and the ground lines from $20 \mu \mathrm{m}$ to $60 \mu \mathrm{m}$ .

In this paper, measurement results from an informal comparison among NIM, NMC and SCL, for primary power system with Type-N coaxial connector, are reported. This comparison aims to demonstrate the precision measurement capabilities and validate the equivalence of new replacements of Type-N microcalorimeters (for aged ones) at the participating laboratories. A commercial coaxial reference standard, thermistor mount, is used as the traveling standard, for the measurements from 10 MHz to 18 GHz. Generally, good agreements have been observed among the measurement results.

We aim to explore the associations of CCL2 and Snail in gastric cancer to the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). In our study, the expression of CCL2 and Snail in clinical specimens of 178 GC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry. High expression of CCL2 and Snail were closely related to the clinicopathologic features. The results showed there is a link between CCL2 and Snail expression at protein levels (Pearson Χ2=40.751, P

Xiaohai Cui,1–3,* Jing Zhang,1,* Jiajun Lv,4 Yan Yan,1 Xu Liu,1 Jizhao Wang,1 Yi Lv,2,3,5 Jia Zhang1 1The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 3Shaanxi Provincial Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering Research Center, 4Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 5Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China *These authors have contributed equally to this work Background: Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1, also known as HFH1), a member of the forkhead transcription factor family, has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in multiple tumors and is thought to be an indicator of poor clinical outcomes. Methods: A meta-analysis using qualified relevant literature was performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of FOXQ1 in various malignant solid tumors. A search of electronic databases was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies published from 1966 to July 30, 2016, and the studies were identified by further evaluation. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for analyses were assessed to investigate the association between FOXQ1 expression and overall survival (OS) of patients with malignant solid tumors. Results: A total of 1,520 patients from six studies (seven cohorts) with multiple malignant solid tumors were included. For OS, high FOXQ1 expression could significantly predict worse outcome with the pooled HR of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.17–1.59; P

This paper reports recent development of a WR-6 (110 GHz - 170 GHz) rectangular waveguide microcalorimeter in China. This WR-6 microcalorimeter works as a national primary power measurement system, together with a newly designed and fabricated thermoelectric power sensor which is the transfer power standard. In this study, structure design of thermoelectric power sensor will be described, and preliminary measurement results for uncorrected effective efficiency of the power sensor using this WR-6 microcalorimeter will be reported.

A dc power substitution WR-06 calorimeter element was fabricated on a 500 um thick Si absorbing substrate. This element has now been used in NIM WR-06 power standard systems. The design uses integrated thermo resistive sensing and resistive power substitution elements deposited on the substrate The power absorbing layer, temperature sensor and heating resistor were integrated in the device.

We developed a new calibration technique for measuring the correction factor of a calorimeter with a vector network analyzer. Based on a wave-parameter formulation, we developed analytic formulas for the correction-factor (g) and effective-efficiency $(\eta)$ . This allows us to calibrate both the calorimeter and the thermistor mount in a single step. This greatly reduces the number of physical parameters involved in calibration processes while tracking correlated uncertainty.

When calibrating with the direct comparison method, the source reflection coefficient can be calculated by using the scattering parameters of the three-port device, and the mismatch factor and its uncertainty can be calculated by Monte Carlo method (MCM). Moreover, compared to the common method used by calibration laboratories that assuming the mismatch factor as 1, MCM will greatly reduce the uncertainty introduced by mismatch.

This paper describes an application of a four-port reflectometer system to measure the reflection coefficient of a terminal load from 1 GHz to 2.5 GHz at about 150 W power level. The scattering parameters of the four-port reflectometer measured at low power have been experimentally proved to be applicable at medium power. The measurement results of the four-port reflectometer are presented and analyzed. This measurement method can be used at higher power level.

This paper reports recent development progress of a new WR-42 (18 to 26.5 GHz) microcalorimeter in China. The waveguide microcalorimeter is designed for calibrating a thermistor mount (a common transfer power standard) in this frequency band. In the paper, development and measurement principle of the WR-42 microcalorimeter will be discussed. Performance evaluation of the microcalorimeter is carried out using a commercial thermistor mount (HP K486A, No. 1606) with uncertainty analysis.

// Yinying Wu 1 , Haiyang Liu 2 , Xianglin L. Du 3 , Fan Wang 1 , Jing Zhang 4 , Xiaohai Cui 4 , Enxiao Li 1 , Jin Yang 1 , Min Yi 1, 5 and Yunfeng Zhang 4 1 Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China 2 Department of Radiation Imaging, Shangluo Central Hospital, Shangluo, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China 3 Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA 4 Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China 5 Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA Correspondence to: Min Yi, email: myi@mdanderson.org Yunfeng Zhang, email: zyf100@xjtu.edu.cn Keywords: radiation therapy; neoadjuvant/adjuvant; disease specific survival; rectal cancer; tumor stage Received: June 20, 2017 Accepted: October 12, 2017 Published: November 06, 2017 ABSTRACT Objectives: The purposes of this study were to determine whether neoadjuvant or adjuvant radiotherapy affected disease-specific survival (DSS) in patients with rectal cancer and whether stratification by tumor stage affected the results. Results: 55.5% patients had neoadjuvant-radiotherapy (NRT), and 18.3% patients had adjuvant- radiotherapy (ART). Multivariable models showed that treatment type was independently associated with DSS. Patients with stages III/IV tumors who received ART plus chemotherapy had significantly worse DSS than did those who received NRT plus chemotherapy (NCRT) ( P = 0.03). Among patients with stage II tumors, those who received ART plus chemotherapy and those who received NCRT had similar DSS. Further stratification by risk group revealed that patients with stage IIIA tumors who received ART plus chemotherapy had significantly better DSS than did those who received NCRT ( P = 0.04). The ART plus chemotherapy and NCRT groups had similar DSS in patients with stage IIA tumors. Among high-risk patients (T3N+/T4), the NCRT group had significantly better DSS than did the ART plus chemotherapy group. Patients who underwent surgery only had the worst DSS of all the treatment groups. Materials and Methods: From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, patients diagnosed with stages II–IV rectal cancer from 2004–2014 were identified. Clinicopathologic features, treatments, and DSS in different treatment groups were compared. Conclusions: NCRT or ART plus chemotherapy can reduce deaths from rectal cancer. Patients with stage IIIA tumors will benefit most from ART plus chemotherapy, whereas NCRT should be recommended to patients with stages II, IIIB, or higher tumors.

Although typically the far-field radar cross section (RCS) of targets is of interest, researchers often find it convenient to perform RCS measurements in near-field. To obtain far-field RCS using near-field measurements, traditional methods are developed based on the near-field far-field transformation (NFFFT). These methods are sensitive to various imperfections of the real-world measurement environment and lead to significant loss in angle resolution. In this paper, a method based on extrapolation is proposed for accurate RCS measurement. The RCS of metal sphere and metal cylinder are measured. The measured values are further compared with theoretical values. Experimental results illustrate that the measured and extrapolated values are close to theoretical values.

In the first posttransplant month, the most frequent complications are due to technical problems related to complex vascular and bile duct reconstructions during the operation. Moreover, despite great improvements in suturing technique and materials, severe organ ischemia-reperfusion caused by time-consuming hand suturing is still an important factor in graft survival. During the operation, severe hypotension, hypoxic acidosis, hyperkalemia, and renal dysfunction may occur during the anhepatic phase due to the prolonged venous clamping time required for hand suturing. Therefore, hand suturing is a handicap in the development of further advancements in liver transplantation. In this study, we aimed to test a new "mechanical installation method" for rapid vascular reconstruction.The magnetic pinning-ring device was developed consisting of paired magnetic rings coated with titanium oxide and embedded in a polypropylene shell. The rings were equipped with alternately spaced holes and titanium pins. Forty adult mongrel dogs were randomly divided into groups: A (n = 16), all vascular and bile duct reconstruction by magnetic ring without venous bypass; B (n = 16), all vascular and bile duct reconstruction by hand suturing with venous bypass; C (n = 8), sham transplantation group, transection of all vessels and common bile duct followed by anastomosis with the magnetic rings without liver transplantation. From groups A and B, dogs were randomly selected as donors (n = 8) or recipients (n = 8) of liver transplantations. We recorded operation time, vascular and bile duct anastomosis time, anhepatic time, administration of supplemental fluids during operation, and survival; blood samples were collected for the detection of liver damage (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) and tumor necrosis factor α level. Patency was confirmed using ultrasound scans at various time points as late as 24 wk after surgery. Angiography was used to evaluate the anastomoses formed with magnetic rings. In group C, gross observation, histologic staining, and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the vessels and bile ducts 12 wk postoperatively.In group A, the total operation time, inferior vena cava, and portal vein anastomosis times were significantly shortened, and the anhepatic phase was reduced to about one-fifth that of group B, which was a significant difference between the two groups (P 0.01). The mean total operative time was 2.54 ± 0.45 h. In order to maintain adequate blood pressure, the mean fluid volume infused was 800.56 ± 60.56 mL in the recipients of group A, which was lower than that in group B (2241.67 ± 390.78 mL, P0.01). Use of a pressor agent in group A was unnecessary. After operation, five of eight animals in group A survived more than 7 d after operation. The main cause of death was acute rejection. Only three of eight animals in group B survived more than 1 wk after operation due to chronic anastomotic bleeding, kidney failure, heart failure, and gastrointestinal bleeding. There was a statistically significant difference (P0.01) between the short-term survival rate in the two groups (75.0% versus 37.5%). The ALT (1544.46 ± 286.27) U/L and AST (1710.74 ± 252.27) U/L levels after operation in the animals with hand suturing were significantly higher than those in the sutureless group (ALT = 1116.41 ± 210.55 U/L; AST = 1176.95 ± 248.25) U/L after reperfusion (P0.01). The serum tumor necrosis factor α levels (45.56 ± 10.78) ng/L in group B were significantly higher than those of group A (26.64 ± 10.84) ng/L after reperfusion (P0.01). Re-endothelialization was confirmed in all vessels in group C, with neither formation of aneurysms nor thickening of the vascular wall noted after 12 wk. The bile duct anastomoses also healed well.The magnetic pinning-ring device offers a simple, fast, reliable, and efficacious technique for nonsuturing vascular and bile duct anastomoses. Use of this device shortens operation time, maintains a high patency rate, and improves the healing of tissue. Application of the magnetic ring anastomosis technique can effectively reduce the complications caused by hand suturing, and can reduce the extent of ischemia-reperfusion injury, leading to smoother operations and improved prognosis.

This paper presents a brief discussion of the design and development of a new WR-10 (75 to 110 GHz) rectangular waveguide microcalorimeter recently fabricated at the National Institute of Metrology, China. The new microcalorimeter will serve as the national primary power measurement system in millimeter-wave range. In this paper, its capability to measure the effective efficiency of WR-10 transfer standards will be discussed with some preliminary evaluation.

This paper presents a comparative evaluation of the contribution from thermal isolation section (TIS) of a rectangular waveguide microcalorimeter into its correction factor, through different modeling methodologies. Study shows that the ratio of power dissipated at the foil short inserted between thermistor mount (to be calibrated) and interface plate and that at the walls of TIS, determined through electromagnetic theory analysis, could be a good modeling solution.

A new WR-28 (26.5 to 40 GHz) waveguide microcalorimeter has been recently developed at the National Institute of Metrology, China for a replacement of previous national primary power standard. The new microcalorimeter was preliminarily evaluated and successfully used to determine the effective efficiency of a transfer standard (i.e., thermistor mount). In this paper, measurements and evaluation of the new WR-28 microcalorimeter will be described, and uncertainty analysis for determining the effective efficiency of thermistor mount will be discussed briefly.

This paper reports preliminary measurement results of an informal international power comparison in WR15 (50 GHz to 75 GHz) waveguide among NIST, NIM, PTB and NMC, A∗STAR. The goal of the comparison was to demonstrate the precision measurement capabilities and validate the equivalence of power measurements in WR15 waveguide at participating laboratories.

Background The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of the magnetic pinned-ring device for nonsuture vascular anastomosis. Methods The magnetic pinned-ring device consists of paired magnetic rings that are coated with titanium nitride and embedded in a polypropylene shell; the rings are equipped with alternately spaced holes and titanium pins. The vascular anastomosis procedure using the novel magnetic pinned-ring device was performed on 14 mongrel dogs, and the traditional hand-sewing technique was used on 14 additional dogs. In situ end-to-end anastomoses were performed in the femoral artery and the inferior vena cava. Patency was confirmed through ultrasonographic scans at different time points as late as 24 weeks after surgery. Gross observation, histological staining, and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the results at 24 weeks postoperatively. Results The time required to perform the vascular anastomosis was significantly shorter for the magnetic device than for hand sewing. A continuity of re-endothelialization was confirmed in all anastomotic stomas after 24 weeks, and neither formation of aneurysms nor thickening of the vascular wall was noted. The re-endothelialization was smooth at the anastomotic site of the magnetic device, whereas hand sewing resulted in rough and uneven re-endothelialization and the presence of visible sutures. Moreover, the endothelial cells were regularly arranged at the anastomotic site of the magnetic device, whereas different-sized and irregularly aligned endothelial cells were present at the hand-sewn anastomotic site. Use of the magnetic device was associated with significantly decreased deposition of fibrotic collagen and depressed infiltration of inflammatory cells compared with use of the hand-sewing technique. Conclusions The magnetic pinned-ring device offers a simple, fast, reliable, and efficacious technique for nonsuture vascular anastomosis. Use of this device shortens operation time, maintains a high patency rate, and improves the healing of vascular tissue.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers, and the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) is a member of the forkhead transcription factor family and its upregulation is closely correlated with tumor progression and prognosis of multiple cancer types, including GC. FOXQ1 has been shown to regulate EMT and function in human cancers. However, the role of FOXQ1 in regulating EMT in GC and the exactly mechanism has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of FOXQ1 on EMT in human GC. FOXQ1 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry in human GC specimens and their clinical significance evaluated. We examined the cell biology and molecular biology changes after overexpression and knockdown of FOXQ1 in gastric cancer cells in vitro. To further understand the underlying mechanisms of EMT promoted by FOXQ1, we examined the changes of target genes of FOXQ1 after overexpression and knockdown of FOXQ1 in gastric cancer cells. In the present study, we demonstrate that FOXQ1 is overexpressed in GC tissues and its expression level is closely correlated with histologic differentiation, pTNM stage, and lymphatic metastasis of GC. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that a high expression level of FOXQ1 resulted in a significantly poor prognosis of GC patients. FOXQ1 modulated GC cell invasion in vitro, and induced E-cadherin repression. FOXQ1 also upregulated the expression of vimentin in vitro. The Snail signaling pathway was likely involved in the induction of EMT by FOXQ1 in GC. Our results demonstrate that FOXQ1 is a prognostic marker for patients with GC, FOXQ1 over-expression is involved in acquisition of the mesenchymal phenotype of gastric cancer cells, and that subsequent Snail expression is essential for induction of EMT. The results suggest that FOXQ1 is a potential therapeutic target for the development of therapies for GC.