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Abstract Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a type of lung cancer, which belongs to non-small cell lung cancer and has seriously endangered the physical and mental health of people. The study of circRNAs (circRNAs) has been increasingly hot in recent years, in which circRNAs also play an important regulatory role in cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological molecular mechanisms of circ_0001715 in the progression of LUAD. The expression of circ_0001715, miR-1322 and calcium-activated nucleotidase 1 (CANT1) in LUAD tissues and cell lines was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and western bot assay. Clone formation assay, 5-Ethynyl-2’-Deoxyuridine (EDU) assay and wound healing assay were used to verify the proliferation ability of cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay were performed to characterize the interactions between the three factors. Finally, a mouse tumor model was constructed to assess the tumorigenicity of circ_0001715. RT-qPCR assay results showed that circ_0001715 expression was significantly increased in LUAD tissues and cell lines. Finally, knockdown of circ_0001715 could inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0001715 regulated the progression of LUAD through the miR-1322/CANT1 axis. The results of this study provided ideas for understanding the molecular mechanisms of circ_0001715 in LUAD.

Abstract Aims The aims of this research were (a) to determine if job satisfaction plays an intermediary role between positive affect and job performance; (b) to explore whether the mediating process of positive affect affecting job performance through job satisfaction is moderated by the work seniority of psychiatric nurses. Design A questionnaire‐based cross‐sectional study. Methods From January 2021 to May 2022, a total of 328 psychiatric nurses were recruited through online advertisements. Data regarding positive affect, job satisfaction, work seniority and job performance were obtained through survey questionnaires. The moderated mediation model was examined in this study utilizing the SPSS (Version 26.0) macro process 3.3, with job satisfaction as the mediation variable and work seniority as the moderation variable. Results Job performance and job satisfaction were both positively connected with positive affect, while job satisfaction was favourably correlated with job performance. Job satisfaction played a part mediating role between positive affect and job performance, with an effect value of 0.10, accounting for 22.22% of the total effect. And work seniority moderated the second half of the mediating process. Conclusion Positive affect positively affected job performance through two paths, directly or indirectly. Part of the intermediate role of job satisfaction between positive affect and job performance is regulated by seniority; that is, work seniority buffered the positive effect of positive affect on job performance. Impact This study revealed how positive affect works and elaborated the conditions to play a role, which greatly enriched the content of positive psychology and had important significance for deepening and expanding the relationship between positive affect and job performance. It also provided a reference for nursing managers to implement humanized management, build a high‐performance psychiatric nurse team and promote the long‐term development of psychiatric hospitals. Patient or public contribution Three hundred and twenty‐eight psychiatric nurses participated in the questionnaire. Trained staff were involved in data collection.

Brain and muscle arnt-like protein 1 (Bmal1) is a crucial transcription factor, regulating circadian rhythm and involved in multiple heart diseases. However, it is unknown whether Bmal1 promotes diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) pathogenesis. The objective of this investigation was to ascertain the vital role of Bmal1 in the progression of DCM. Mice with T2D and H9c2 cardiomyoblasts exposed to high glucose and palmitic acid (HGHP) were used. Cardiomyocyte-specific knockout mouse of Bmal1 (CKB) was also generated, and cardiac Bmal1 was overexpressed in type 2 diabetes (T2D) mice using an adeno-associated virus. Bmal1 gene recombinant adenovirus was used to either knockdown or overexpress in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Bmal1 expression was significantly altered in diabetic mice hearts. Bmal1 downregulation in CKB and T2D mice heart accelerated cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, while Bmal1 overexpression ameliorated these pathological changes in DCM mice. Furthermore, DCM mice had significant mitochondrial ultrastructural defects, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and apoptosis, which could be alleviated by overexpressing Bmal1. In H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, genetic downregulation of Bmal1 or HGHP markedly decreased the binding of Bcl2 to IP3R, thus increasing Ca2+ release to mitochondria through mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Importantly, chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed Bmal1 could bind directly to the Bcl2 gene promoter region. Bmal1 overexpression augmented the Bmal1/Bcl2 binding, enhancing the inhibition of Bcl2 on IP3R activity, thus alleviating mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and subsequent cell apoptosis. These results show that Bmal1 is involved in the DCM development through Bcl2/IP3R-mediated mitochondria Ca2+ overload. Therapy targeting the circadian clock (Bmal1) can treat DCM.

BackgroundObservational studies have shown that central obesity is associated with adverse cardiac structure and function. However, causal association between central obesity and left ventricular (LV) structure and function in preserved ejection fraction (EF) population is still uncertain.MethodsGenome-wide association studies summary data of waist circumference adjusted for body mass index (WCadjBMI) and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (WHRadjBMI) were selected as instrumental variables from the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium (n = 224,459). Outcome datasets for LV parameters including LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), LV end-systolic volume (LVESV), LV ejection fraction (LVEF), LV mass (LVM), and LV mass-to-end-diastolic volume ratio (LVMVR) were obtained from the participants without prevalent myocardial infarction or heart failure (LVEF ≥ 50%) in UK Biobank Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance sub-study (n = 16,923). Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed with the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary estimate and with the weighted median and MR-Egger as the supplemental estimates. Sensitivity analysis was used to assess the heterogeneity and pleiotropic bias in the MR results.ResultsIn the IVW analysis, every 1-standard deviation (SD) higher WHRadjBMI was significantly associated with higher LVMVR (β = 0.4583; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.2921 to 0.6244; P = 6.418 × 10–8) and lower LVEDV (β = –0.2395; 95% CI: –0.3984 to –0.0807; P = 0.0031) after Bonferroni adjustment. No heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were detected in the analysis. No association of WCadjBMI was found with LVEF, LVEDV, LVESV, LVM, or LVMVR.ConclusionOur findings provide evidence of significant causal association between WHRadjBMI and adverse changes in LV structure and function in preserved EF population.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand frailty and its influencing factors in inpatients with Schizophrenia in Chengdu and to explore correlations between frailty and quality of life.MethodsFrom May to July 2022, inpatients with Schizophrenia were surveyed using a general information questionnaire, frailty phenotype (FP) scoring, the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the SZ Quality of Life Scale (SQLS). Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to assess factors influencing frailty and multivariate linear regression was conducted to assess the factors influencing quality of life.ResultsA total of 556 hospitalized patients with Schizophrenia were included and divided into three groups according to the degree of frailty, of which 153 cases (27.5%) were without frailty, 348 cases (62.6%) were in early frailty, and 55 cases (9.9%) were in frailty. Univariate analysis of age, history of falls during hospitalization, polypharmacy, compulsory treatment during hospitalization, self-reported health status, activity level, cognitive impairment, depressive symptoms, “psychology and society,” “motivation and energy” and “symptoms and side-effects” showed statistically significant differences between the groups. Multinomial logistic regression showed that age, BMI, self-reported health, activity, cognitive impairment, motivation and energy, and symptoms and side-effects were influencing factors for frailty in hospitalized patients with Schizophrenia. Correlation analysis shows that frailty score positively correlated with SQLS score.ConclusionWe found that frailty was prevalent and that frailty was positively correlated with SQLS scores in inpatients with Schizophrenia. To effectively manage the frailty of hospitalized patients with Schizophrenia, medical staff should pay attention to its influencing factors and quality of life.

Abstract Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has become a prevalent complication in pregnancy. Recent research links SCH to disturbed thyroid lipid profile; however, it is unclear how lipid metabolism disorders contribute to the pathogenesis of SCH during pregnancy. Thus, we used nontargeted lipidomics to identify and compare the lipids and metabolites expressed by pregnant women with SCH and healthy pregnant women. Multivariate analysis revealed 143 lipid molecules differentially expressed between the SCH group and the control group. Based on fold change, 30 differentially expressed lipid metabolites are potential biomarkers. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed metabolites participate in several pathways, including response to pathogenic Escherichia coli infection, regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, metabolic pathways, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and fat digestion and absorption pathways. Correlation analyses revealed sphingomyelin (SM) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) positively correlate to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), while phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and phosphatidylinositol (PI) negatively correlate with them. In addition, PG positively correlates to birth weight. Thus, the lipid profile of pregnant women with SCH is significantly different from that of healthy pregnant women. Lipid molecules associated with the differential lipid metabolism, such as SM, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and PI, should be further investigated for their roles in the pathogenesis of SCH in pregnancy, as they might be targets for reducing the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

The groundbreaking research work about SIGLEC15 has raised it as a potential promising target in cancer immunotherapy. Unfortunately, the role of SIGLEC15 in thyroid carcinoma (THCA) remains obscure. Public and home multi-omics data were collected to investigate the role of SIGLEC15 in THCA in our study. SIGLEC15 was upregulated in THCA tumor tissue compared to nontumor tissue in both mRNA and protein levels; gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results showed that high SIGLEC15 mRNA expression was positively correlated to many immune pathways. Results of the examination of immunological landscape characteristics displayed high SIGLEC15 mRNA expression that mainly positively correlated with a large number of cancer immunity immunomodulators and pathways. In addition, upregulation of SIGLEC15 was positively correlated with an enhanced immune score, stromal score, and estimate score. However, higher SIGLEC15 mRNA also met high immune exhausted status. The majority of CpG methylation sites negatively correlated with SIGLEC15 mRNA expression. Analysis of clinical characteristics supported increased SIGLEC15 expression that was positively correlated with more extrathyroid extension and lymph node metastasis. We observed different single nucleotide variant (SNV) and copy number variation (CNV) patterns in high and low SIGLEC15 mRNA expression subgroups; some vital DNA damage repair deficiency scores addressed a negative correlation with SIGLEC15 mRNA expression. We also found that some commonly used chemotherapy drugs might be suitable for different SIGLEC15 mRNA expression subgroups. This study highlighted the vital role of SIGLEC15 in THCA. Targeting SIGLEC15 may offer a potential novel therapeutic opportunity for THCA patients. However, the detailed exact cellular mechanisms of SIGLEC15 in THCA still needed to be elucidated by further studies.

AimsTo date, the prognostic effects of permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remain controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the mid- (1 year) to long-term (> 1 year) clinical and echocardiographic effects of post-procedural PPI in patients after TAVR.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from the establishment of databases up to 1 December 2021. Studies comparing clinical and echocardiographic outcomes between patients with and without post-TAVR PPI of ≥ 1-year follow-up were collected for further meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 39 studies comprising of 83,082 patients were included in this meta-analysis. At mid-term follow-up (1 year), the pooled results demonstrated a higher risk of all-cause mortality in patients with post-procedural PPI than those without following TAVR (relative risk (RR), 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10–1.24; P < 0.00001). No significant differences were observed in cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.71–1.03; P = 0.10) or heart failure rehospitalization (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.58–1.44; P = 0.69) at 1-year follow-up. At long-term follow-up (> 1 year), post-TAVR PPI had negative effects on all-cause mortality (RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.09–1.28; P < 0.0001) and heart failure rehospitalization (RR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.18–1.71; P = 0.0002). There was no difference in long-term cardiovascular mortality between the two groups (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.97–1.36; P = 0.11). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was not significantly different at baseline (mean difference, 1.40; 95% CI, –0.13–2.93; P = 0.07), but was significantly lower in the PPI group at 1-year follow-up (mean difference, –3.57; 95% CI, –4.88 to –2.26; P < 0.00001).ConclusionOur meta-analysis provides evidence that post-TAVR PPI has negative clinical and echocardiographic effects on patients at mid- to long-term follow-up. Further studies are urgently needed to explore the cause of these complications and optimize the treatment and management of patients requiring permanent pacing after TAVR.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021289935], identifier [CRD42021289935].

Abstract Background Several studies have illustrated the use of echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear imaging to optimize left ventricular (LV) lead placement to enhance the response of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in heart failure patients. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to determine the incremental efficacy of image-guided CRT over standard CRT. Methods We searched PubMed, Cochrane library, and EMBASE to identify relevant studies. The outcome measures of cardiac function and clinical outcomes were CRT response, concordance of the LV lead to the latest sites of contraction (concordance of LV), heart failure (HF) hospitalization, mortality rates, changes of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV). Results The study population comprised 1075 patients from eight studies. 544 patients underwent image-guided CRT implantation and 531 underwent routine implantation without imaging guidance. The image-guided group had a significantly higher CRT response and more on-target LV lead placement than the control group (RR, 1.33 [95% CI, 1.21 to 1.47]; p

BackgroundUsing single photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT MPI) with phase analysis (PA), we aimed to identify the predictive value of a new contraction pattern in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response.MethodsLeft ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony (LVMD) was evaluated using SPECT MPI with PA in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) indicated for CRT. CRT super-response was defined as LV ejection fraction (EF) ≥50% or an absolute increase of LVEF >15%. The LV contraction was categorized as the mild dyssynchronous pattern when the phase standard deviation (PSD) ≤ 40.3° and phase histogram bandwidth (PBW) ≤ 111.9°, otherwise it was defined as severe dyssynchronous pattern which was further characterized as U-shaped, heterogeneous or homogenous pattern.ResultsThe final cohort comprised 74 patients, including 32 (43.2%) in mild dyssynchronous group, 17 (23%) in U-shaped group, 19 (25.7%) in heterogeneous group, and 6 (8.1%) in homogenous group. The mild dyssynchronous group had lower PSD and PBW than U-shaped, heterogeneous, and homogenous groups (P < 0.0001). Compared to patients with the heterogeneous pattern, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CRT super-response were 10.182(2.43–42.663), 12.8(2.545–64.372), and 2.667(0.327–21.773) for patients with mild dyssynchronous, U-shaped, and homogenous pattern, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, mild dyssynchronous group remained associated with increased CRT super-response (adjusted OR 5.709, 95% CI 1.152–28.293). Kaplan-Meier curves showed that mild dyssynchronous group demonstrated a better long-term prognosis.ConclusionsThe mild dyssynchronous pattern in patients with DCM is associated with an increased CRT super-response and better long-term prognosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the lipid profiles and intestinal microflora in pregnant patients with hypothyroidism and their correlation with pregnancy outcomes.MethodsIn total, 27 pregnant women with hypothyroidism (study case) and 28 normal pregnant women (control group) were enrolled in this study. The lipid profiles and intestinal microflora in the two groups were compared using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, respectively. The association among the differential metabolites, intestinal microflora, serological indicators and pregnancy outcomes was further analyzed.ResultsPatients in study case had higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (P = 0.025) and lower birth weight (P=0.005) than the control group. A total of 42 differential lipid metabolites and 7 enrichment KEGG pathways were obtained between the two groups (VIP ≥ 1, P < 0.05). Ten lipid metabolites can be used as characteristic metabolites of study case, including phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and sphingomyelin (SM). The richness and diversity of intestinal microflora in study case were lower than those in the control group (P>0.05). LEfSe analysis revealed that patients in study case had higher abundance of Prevotella and Haemophilus and lower abundance of Blautia than the control group (P < 0.05). Blautia was positively correlated with SM and negatively correlated with PC and PE; the CRP level and Prevotella were positively correlated; the neonatal weight and PC level were negatively correlated (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe lipid profile and intestinal microflora of pregnant women with hypothyroidism significantly differed from those of normal pregnant women and were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The interaction between lipid metabolism and intestinal microflora may be a potential target for further studies investigating the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism during pregnancy.

Objective: To determine using a systematic assessment and meta-analysis if GFA injection is an appropriate substitute of propafenone for arrhythmic.Design: Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Data Source: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wan-Fang Database, VIP, CNKI, and Sino Med from their inception to 7 March 2021.Eligibility Criteria for Selecting Studies: Inclusion of randomized controlled trials, which draws a comparison between GFA and propafenone. Evaluation of study integrity and conducted an extraction of independent data.Main Outcome Measure: Efficacy for supraventricular tachycardia, it is considered effective if it is reversed within 40 min (without considering recurrence); for premature ventricular beats, if they are reduced by more than 50% within 6 h.Results: Included in this current study are 1,294 research subjects pooled from 14 clinical studies. From the pooled assessment, GFA is demonstrated to be the equivalent of propafenone regarding the potency of effectiveness for tachycardia (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.28, P = 0.15). The subset analysis indicated that GFA has a better effect on premature ventricular beats (RR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.70, P = 0.01) and a similar effect on supraventricular tachycardia (RR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.12, P = 0.21). GFA effectiveness is lesser than propafenone in the case of mean converting time (WMD = −1.18, 95% CI: −2.30, −0.07, P = 0.04), systolic blood pressure (WMD = −3.53, 95% CI: −6.97, −0.09, P = 0.04), and QRS complex (WMD = −3.82, 95% CI: −6.96, −0.69, P = 0.02). Both GFA and propafenone have identical effects for diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, P-R interval, and QTc interval.Conclusion: A meta-analysis of RCTs was performed across 14 clinical trials, whereby 1,294 patients are used as research subjects. From the results, it is revealed that the effect exhibited by GFA injection is similar to the propafenone injection when treating premature ventricular beats or supraventricular tachycardia. Nevertheless, in certain academic disciplines, it was found that GFA is safer and beneficial compared to propafenone. Based on facts from relevant studies, GFA is deemed applicable during clinical practice.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.inplasy.com/inplasy-2021-3-0077/, identifier: INPLASY202130077.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) of subclinical hypothyroidism of pregnant women, and explore their possible relevance.MethodsIn total, 224 pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy (study group) and 196 pregnant women whose thyroid function was normal (control group) were enrolled in this study. Lactulose-based hydrogen and methane breath test was performed to evaluate the growth of intestinal bacteria. The serum-free thyroid hormone (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), body mass index (BMI) and gastrointestinal symptoms were detected and recorded.ResultsThe positive rates of SIBO were 56.7% and 31.6% in study group and control group, respectively. The levels of C response protein (CRP), abdominal distension and constipation in study group were higher than those in the control group. The risk of abdominal distension and constipation in SIBO-positive pregnant women were higher than that in SIBO-negative pregnant women, and the BMI of SIBO-positive patients in the two groups was lower than that of SIBO-negative patients in each group. In addition, the TPOAb-positive rate and TSH levels were higher but the FT4 level was lower in SIBO-positive patients compared to SIBO-negative patients in study group.ConclusionThe occurrence of subclinical hypothyroidism is related to SIBO, and the excessive growth of small intestinal bacteria may affect gastrointestinal symptoms.Clinical Trialhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, identifier ChiCTR1900026326.

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) are well-known key immune checkpoints that play a crucial dampening effect on regulating T-cell homeostasis and self-tolerance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between immune checkpoints (CTLA-4 and PD-1) and Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS) in a southern Chinese population. A total of 137 patients with PSS and 139 healthy controls from a southern Chinese population were recruited. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CTLA-4 (rs733618, rs4553808, rs5742909, rs231775, and rs3087243) and five SNPs of PD-1 (rs10204525, rs2227981, rs2227982, rs41386349, and rs36084323) were genotyped by SNaPshot technique. Soluble CTLA-4 (sCTLA-4) and soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) were determined by ELISA and antibody array assay, respectively. The frequencies of T allele at rs733618 and A allele at rs231775 of CTLA-4 were significantly higher in PSS patients than in healthy controls (corrected p (Pc) = 0.037; Pc = 0.044, respectively). The haplotype frequencies of CACGG haplotype (rs733618-rs4553808-rs5742909-rs231775-rs3087243) of CTLA-4 and TGAGC haplotype (rs10204525-rs2227981-rs2227982-rs41386349-rs36084323) of PD-1 in the PSS group was significantly lower than those in the control group (Pc = 0.015, p = 0.034, respectively). Circulating plasma levels of sCTLA-4 and sPD-1 in PSS patients were significantly higher than those in controls (all p < 0.001). The present study suggests that CTLA-4 and PD-1 genetic polymorphisms are associated with the susceptibility to PSS in a southern Chinese population. The upregulated circulating plasma protein levels of sCTLA-4 and sPD-1 might provide some hints regarding the dysfunction of immune checkpoints in PSS during the active status.

This paper proposes a margin CosReid network for effective pedestrian re-identification. Aiming to overcome the overfitting, gradient explosion, and loss function non-convergence problems caused by traditional CNNs, the proposed GBNeck model can realize a faster, stronger generalization, and more discriminative feature extraction task. Furthermore, to enhance the classification ability of the softmax loss function within classes, the margin cosine softmax loss (MCSL) is proposed through a boundary margin introduction to ensure intraclass compactness and interclass separability of the learning depth features and thus to build a stronger metric-based learning model for pedestrian re-identification. The effectiveness of the margin CosReid network was verified on the mainstream datasets Market-1501 and DukeMTMC-reID compared with other state-of-the-art pedestrian re-identification methods.

The blast-induced vibration during excavation by drilling and blasting method has an important impact on the surrounding structures. In particular, with the development of tunnel engineering, the impact of blasting vibration on tunnel construction has attracted extensive attention. In this paper, the propagation attenuation characteristics of blast-induced vibration (PPV, peak particle velocity) on different tunnel structures were systematically studied based on the field monitoring data. Initially, the attenuation characteristics of blasting vibration PPV on the lower bench surface, the side wall of the excavated tunnel and the closely spaced adjacent tunnel were investigated. Subsequently, the capacity of several widely utilized empirical prediction equations to estimate the PPV on tunnel structures was examined, along with a comparative analysis of their prediction accuracy. The research findings indicate that it is feasible to predict the PPV on the tunnel structures using empirical equations. The attenuation characteristics of blasting vibration PPV are different in different structures and directions. The prediction accuracy of the empirical equations varies, while the discrepancies are minimal. The principal variation among these equations lies in the site-specific coefficients k, β, λ, highlighting the differential impact of structural and directional considerations on the predictive efficacy. Based on the empirical equation and safe PPV provided by the blasting vibration safe standards on tunnels of China (GB6722-2014), and considering the influence of all structures and directions, it is determined that the safe distance of blasting vibration in the tested tunnel project should be larger than 20.28-18.31 m, 18.31-16.16 m, and 16.16-13.75 m for blasting vibration frequency located in ≤10 Hz, 10-50 Hz, and >50 Hz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]