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The Chinese mitten crab is an important aquaculture product in China. Currently, rice-crab co-culture is a novel model that can realize positive interactions. The feed for Chinese mitten crabs cultured in rice fields should be distinguished from other modes, since their culture environment is unique. Therefore, this study designed three experimental groups that were fed 15% (RC1), 25% (RC2), and 35% (RC3) protein, with a natural bait group (RC0) without artificial feeding as the control. The protein nutritional requirements of Chinese mitten crabs in a rice-crab co-culture model were investigated by exploring the indicators of growth performance, nutrient composition, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and economic benefits of different groups. Through a comprehensive discussion of one-way analysis of variance and regression analysis of the data, we obtained the following results: feeds with high-level protein improved the growth performance, quality, and economic benefits of Chinese mitten crabs and reduced their exposure to oxidative stress. Specifically, the contents of major nutrients and flavor-presenting substances, such as free amino acids (FAA), nucleotides, and essential amino acids (EAA), in the edible parts of female crabs in the 35% protein group were significantly higher than those in all other groups. Male crabs fed 25% − 28.08% protein diets showed higher production performance and FAA content. In conclusion, the optimal dietary protein levels for male and female crabs reared in rice fields are different: they are 35% for females, and at least 25% for males. Therefore, for actual crab production, male and female crabs could be cultured separately using different protein baits to reduce bait costs and achieve green and sustainable development.

The nutritional quality of three edible parts (gonads, hepatopancreas and muscles) of Chinese mitten crabs (CMCs) from rice field culture and pond culture was firstly compared in our current study. It was found that the contents of mineral elements and volatile compounds in rice CMCs were superior to those in pond CMCs, and the antioxidant enzyme activities of rice CMCs were markedly higher than those of pond CMCs. Besides, the total free amino acid levels in the edible parts of pond CMCs were higher than those of rice CMCs. Compared with other tissues, the nucleotide and equivalent umami concentrations of the gonads in female rice CMCs were the maximum. Overall, both types of crabs demonstrated good nutritional quality, which met human nutrition and dietary needs. In comparison, the quality of rice CMCs was better than that of pond CMCs.

Abstract The lethality and chemotherapy resistance of pancreatic cancer necessitates the urgent development of innovative strategies to improve patient outcomes. To address this issue, we designed a novel drug delivery system named GDMCN2,which uses iron‐based metal organic framework (Fe‐MOF) nanocages encased in a covalent organic framework (COF) and modified with the pancreatic cancer‐specific antibody, NRP2. After being targeted into tumor cells, GDMCN2 gradually release the sonosensitizer sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) and chemotherapeutic gemcitabine (GEM) and simultaneously generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound (US) irradiation. This system can overcome gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer and reduce its toxicity to non‐targeted cells and tissues. In a mechanistic cascade, the release of ROS activates the mitochondrial transition pore (MPTP), leading to the release of Ca2+ and induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Therefore, microtubule‐associated protein 1A/1B‐light chain 3 (LC3) is activated, promoting lysosomal autophagy. This process also induces autophagy‐dependent ferroptosis, aided by the upregulation of Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 4 (NCOA4). This mechanism increases the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs and increases mitochondrial and DNA damage. The findings demonstrate the potential of GDMCN2 nanocages as a new avenue for the development of cancer therapeutics.

Rice–crab co-culture systems represent integrated agriculture–aquaculture systems developed in China over the last 30 years. The rice–crab co-culture area comprised approximately 1.386 × 105 hm2 in 2019. However, there is no specific feed designed for Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) cultured in this system until now. In this study, we investigated feed formulae for the nutritional requirements of Chinese mitten crab in this mode. The control group was not fed with any artificial feed (Co), and the experimental groups were fed with three different feeds of 15% (T15), 30% (T30), or 45% (T45) protein content, respectively. Growth performance variations in E. sinensis were investigated along with water quality, phytoplankton, zooplankton, aquatic vascular plants, and benthic animals in the paddy fields to determine the effect of crabs and their diet on the paddy ecosystem. Dietary protein levels had no significant effect on water quality. The biomass and species of phytoplankton, zooplankton, aquatic vascular plants, and zoobenthos in the paddy field were affected by crabs and their diet. Morphological parameters of crabs were significantly more pronounced in the high-protein group than in the other groups. However, the T45 diet negatively affected production by increasing feed costs, causing precocious puberty and inducing water eutrophication. In conclusion, adding a 15% protein compound feed can meet the nutritional needs of crabs, reduce culture costs, and improve water quality. The discharged water had low ammonia nitrogen and nitrite content and no eutrophication occurred, so the water could be recycled. These findings provide a scientific reference for supporting rice and fish co-cultivation.

Background: Premature ovarian failure (POF), also known as primary ovarian insufficiency, is a common endocrine disease in young women. The emergence of regenerative medicine using stem cells may improve ovarian function and structure, and represents a promising prospect for POF treatment. In his study, we explored the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (HUCMSC) transplantation in a Tibetan miniature pig model of cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced POF. Methods: We cultured and identified HUCMSCs, labeled them with DiR iodide red dye, and implanted them into a CTX-induced model of POF in Tibetan miniature pigs. The daily weight changes were recorded, and the levels of estradiol (E2) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured on days 0, 7, and 14. At the end of the 21-day observation period, in vivo imaging of the bilateral ovaries was performed, and the ovarian index was measured. Ovarian tissue morphology and follicles were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay was employed to assess cell apoptosis, and immunohistochemistry was used to determine the levels of p-AKT, p-ERKl/2, BAX, and BCL2 expression. Results: Our analysis indicated successful delivery of HUCMSCs to the ovaries of the POF pig model. Significant increases were observed in body weight, E2 levels, ovarian index, and number of normal follicles (all p < 0.05). Moreover, FSH levels reduced and ovarian tissue morphology improved following HUCMSCs transplantation (all p < 0.05). Importantly, upregulated p-AKT, p-ERKl/2, and BCL2 expression were observed, whereas the expression of BAX was suppressed (all p < 0.05), suggesting the inhibition of ovarian cell apoptosis. Conclusion: Our study highlights the significant therapeutic effects of HUCMSC transplantation on CTX-induced POF in a Tibetan miniature pig model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of cloud-network resource transaction technology based on smart contracts, computing power transactions have reached a multi-party scale, seriously affecting the efficiency and credibility of computing network resource transactions. To meet the requirements of trusted transactions and efficient resource incentives in the scenario of multi-party participation in computing network resources, a blockchain-based trusted identity authentication and resource transaction incentive mechanism for computing network resources was designed. The mechanism adopted a distributed authentication strategy based on the reliability of user identity information of the computing network and constructed a trusted transaction entrustment certificate through the authorization of an impartial agency, realizing the trusted implementation of resource transaction tasks. In addition, the application of the transaction incentive mechanism based on contract theory in the trusted transaction and efficient service of computing network resources was discussed. The mechanism was compared with linear incentive and trust incentive models, and the resource utility income and social welfare of the computing network participants were compared. The multi-party optimal utility benefit incentive was verified to measure the incentive efficiency of the mechanism. It proved the effectiveness of the resource transaction incentive mechanism in the transaction verification scenario and effectively ensured the trusted transaction and efficient incentive of computing network resources accessed by multiple service parties. Experimental results show that the proposed transaction mechanism could ensure the credibility, verifiability, and stability of multi-party computing network user transactions. The proposed mechanism is superior to the traditional transaction incentive mechanism in terms of resource transaction efficiency and social welfare benefits.