Search

Hypertonic dextrose prolotherapy (HDP) is an injection of a concentrated dextrose solution for the purpose of local treatment of musculoskeletal pain and possible enhancement of repair mechanisms. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the clinical utility of HDP injection for treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) utilizing HDP to treat knee OA were retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL). Identification and inclusion of RCTs utilizing intra-articular and extra-articular administration of HDP vs administration of other injectate or physical therapy as control for knee OA were included. Primary clinical outcomes were changes in knee WOMAC, pain and function score. Secondary outcomes were adverse events related to HDP. For continuous outcomes with same or different measurements, we calculated, respectively the weighted mean difference (WMD) or the standardized mean difference (SMD), respectively. Results were pooled using DerSimonian and Laird random effect models across the included studies and heterogeneity between studies was estimated using the I2 index. Five studies comprising a total of 319 treated patients met inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. At a mean of 22.8 weeks follow-up, HDP treatment significantly improved total WOMAC score (WMD = 13.77, 95% CI: 6.75–20.78; p

The directional structure of Ni60/high-aluminum bronze composite coating was formed using induction remelting and forced cooling. The microstructural evolution and the characteristics of interface growth were studied. The results showed that the remelted coating formed metallurgical bonding with the substrate. The microstructures changed from plane crystal to dendrite, cellular dendrite, fine cellular dendrite, and then to dendrite again with the increase in the cooling rate. The crystal grew along the heat flow direction and had (111) and (200) preferred orientations when the cooling rate was 1.886 ml·min−1·mm−2. The plane crystal, dendrite and cellular dendrite were mainly composed of compounds and solid solutions with Ni, Fe and Cu, and they were surrounded by strengthening phases composed of Cr, C and B. The grain boundary of directional structure coatings showed the characteristic of regular eutectic growth, but grain boundary of remelted coating presented characteristic of divorced eutectic growth. The wear resistance of directional structure coatings is better than that of remelted coating.

Hypertonic dextrose prolotherapy (HDP) is an injection of a concentrated dextrose solution for the purpose of local treatment of musculoskeletal pain and possible enhancement of repair mechanisms. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the clinical utility of HDP injection for treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) utilizing HDP to treat knee OA were retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL). Identification and inclusion of RCTs utilizing intra-articular and extra-articular administration of HDP vs administration of other injectate or physical therapy as control for knee OA were included. Primary clinical outcomes were changes in knee WOMAC, pain and function score. Secondary outcomes were adverse events related to HDP. For continuous outcomes with same or different measurements, we calculated, respectively the weighted mean difference (WMD) or the standardized mean difference (SMD), respectively. Results were pooled using DerSimonian and Laird random effect models across the included studies and heterogeneity between studies was estimated using the I

Renewing warranty can provide customers with better service, and thus help manufacturers to gain market opportunities. In engineering practice, the cost for replacement is usually higher than the cost for maintenance, hence manufacturers often face huge challenge to reduce the warranty service cost. With consideration of the warranty deadline, we propose a two-stage optimization model for renewing warranty. In the first stage, a renewing warranty with deadline (RWD) policy is implemented, where the deadline represents the cumulative uptime threshold. When the cumulative uptime exceeds the deadline, the product will be minimally repaired and kept to the residual warranty period. When RWD is expired, the replacement warranty with limited repairs (RWLR) policy is applied. Under the free replacement and pro-rata warranty policy, the corresponding two-stage cost optimization model is established from the manufacturer’s perspective, the aim is to minimize the cost rate and obtain the optimal warranty period. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the validity of the proposed model, and the sensitivity analysis is also carried out.

In order to improve the resolution of resource sharing conflicts, a blockchain-based heterogeneous education resource sharing conflict coordination method is proposed. Build a distributed mobile agent dynamic collaboration network based on blockchain to provide a new distributed computing model. Design the process of the distributed mobile dynamic collaboration network, including the system process of “create” behavior, the system process of “invite” and “accept/reject” behavior, the system process of “update” and “complete” behavior, the system process of “query” and the “response” behavior system process. Based on the distributed mobile dynamic collaboration network, the conflict coordination model of heterogeneous education resource sharing is designed to realize the conflict coordination in heterogeneous education resource sharing. Through comparative experiments, it is verified that the conflict resolution degree of this method is higher than that of traditional methods, and the conflict coordination performance is improved.

This paper presents a charge compensation phototransistor for high-dynamic-range CMOS image sensors (CIS). With a built-in charge compensation mechanism, the photoresponse of the proposed device can switch between the linear mode and the logarithmic mode automatically, according to the incident light intensity. In particular, the device does not saturate until approximately 0.5 W/cm2, almost 5 times the brightness of the sun. Therefore, CIS with this proposed phototransistor demonstrates a measured dynamic range of 167 dB, and an output swing of more than 2 V without amplification. The nonideal behavior of the proposed device due to the thermal effect and the parasitic resistances is investigated when exposed with high incident light intensity. In addition, the nonuniform response of the pixel array is exhibited and analyzed.

Two new bis-Schiff bases containing a piperazine ring, N,N‘-bis(4-chlorobenzylidene)- and N,N‘-bis(4-cyanobenzylidene)-1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine, were prepared by the reaction of N,N‘-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine with 4-chloro- and 4-cyanobenzaldehyde, respectively. The dichloro compound was fully identified by X-ray crystallography and it exhibited good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.

To enhance the corrosion resistance of directional structure coating of Ni60 alloy, the directional structure composite coating of Ni60 alloy reinforced with WC was prepared on the S45C steel by the induction remelting and forced cooling method. The immersion corrosion behaviors of coatings in 10% H2SO4 solution for 168 h and its electrochemical corrosions were investigated to analyze its corrosion resistance. The results showed that WC changed the grain boundary density and grain boundary type, having important effect on corrosion resistance and corrosion mechanism of directional structure Ni60 coating. The corrosion potentials of directional structure Ni60 coating and Ni60/WC coating is −0.395 and −0.112 V, respectively. The corrosion resistance of directional structure Ni60/WC coating is better than that of the coating without WC. The corrosion mechanism of directional structure Ni60/WC coating is slight intracrystalline corrosion, while the coating without WC is the pitting corrosion and the microgalvance corrosion.

With the rapid development of world economy, the energy crisis has become one of the urgent problems to be solved. Photovoltaic technology is a green new energy industry, no pollution is widely used all over the world. Typically, for photovoltaic component installation, only considering the utilization of components support cost and area, and the arrangement of components have not given enough attention. Photovoltaic module in use process will inevitably encounter the shadow, the shadow changes to make appropriate adjustments to the PV module arrangement can enhance the power generation capacity. Effect of the shadow on the photovoltaic system performance can be effectively used for photovoltaic component to bring help, is of positive significance. This study analyzed the villa model typical, and the rectangular shadow is modeling, in order to analyze the influence on the photovoltaic component. Through the conclusion of this study can determine the horizontal and vertical components of photovoltaic components which caused little damage, and provide a reference for future research of shadow and photovoltaic system performance.

With the development of science and technology, the demand for energy conservation and environmental protection is rising. Grid-connected photovoltaic system industry is developing rapidly in this situation. Taken the typical villa in ChangChun as an example, based on the geographical feature of Jilin province, we design a set of complete grid-connected photovoltaic system power generation system. It contains the configuration of equipment, capacity design, series-parallel design of modules and the design of grid electrical system. In addition, through aiding design by the professional software for photovoltaic system (PVsyst), we calculate the power generation, and we analyze the economic and environmental benefits of this system in 25 years. It will be beneficial to deploy photovoltaic system in the field of building energy efficiency.

In order to reduce the complexity of the experiment processes for the study of gas-sensing material properties, we have designed programmed temperature control gas-sensing characteristic tester. To obtain the precise measurement of gas-sensing materials’ resistance and programmed output voltage, the tester has used ratio method, SCM control technology, basic circuit principles, A/D converter, D/A conversion, the feedback network. Test results show that this system provides a great convenience for gas-sensing materials testing.

Taking Jilin province rural areas as an example, according to the local climate, environm- ental conditions and basic load case, designed with independent photovoltaic power generation system, the photovoltaic array Angle, photovoltaic panels, battery, inverter and controller and so on has carried on the optimized selection and design. With professional PVSYST photovoltaic software to design the simulation, to meet user demand and system, battery working status, economic and environmental benefits has made the detailed analysis, for the independent photovoltaic solar power systems in Jilin province to promote the study of theoretical basis.

With the rapid development of the automotive industry, vehicle network has become a new topic. Ethernet, as the wireless communication network technology applied to PC, the official business, the intelligent house-hold appliance and other communicating devices, has entered the field of vehicle network applications. This paper introduces the recent development of the vehicle Ethernet and its characteristics and conducts the general analysis on the future development trend of it by making a contrast of the Ethernet and CAN.

Increasingly grim situation in recent years due to traffic, the new traffic conditions to the vehicle detector development and application of proposed new requirements, this paper introduces a new form of intelligent transportation vehicle detectors at the request of Vehicle Detector Research be brief, a brief analysis of a variety of vehicle detector works that feature discusses the trend of vehicle detector’s development

With the rapid developments of computer technology and computing electromagnetism, it is possible to simulate the electromagnetic compatibility of automobiles. At the beginning of the design, electromagnetic compatibility simulation analysis of automobiles can not only shorten the research cycle, but also reduce the cost. In this paper, we summarized the current commercial electromagnetic compatibility simulation analysis software, analyzed the features and applied algorithms of each software, and gave the simulation examples of Ansoft HFSS and FEKO.

With the oxygen-acetylene flame spray technology, the high aluminum copper alloy coating (Cu-14Al-X) was precasted in surface of steel 45#. Then, the coating was remelted by using the high frequency induction heating technology. Using the optical microscope, EPMA,the coating organization, interface combination and interface element diffusion was analysised. The results showed that the high frequency induction remelting process can prepare metallurgicalbonding interface, get good rid of the oxide residue of coating, and get compact structure coating. From this investigation, The conclusion can get that high frequency induction remelting process has the ability of the preparation of non-self-fluxing coating of copper-based alloy, and there was a good interface combination attribute the success to interdiffusion of the coating elements and substrate elements.

Al-(4-5)%Cu alloy was served as experiment material，the effect of pulsed currents on the solidification structure was investigated. During the solidification process of Al-Cu alloys, pulsed currents was added into the melted alloy in the crucible .The change of temperature curve and microstructure about the alloy was investigated in such conditions by temperature-recording instrument and optical microscope.The results showed that pulsed currents can shorten the temperature region of crystallization and refine the grains of the alloy,which crush the dendrite and make the solidification structure non-dendrite, presenting columnar and equiaxed grains which are distributed evenly and whose space between crystals are reduced. This investigation firstly started to study the relations between the temperature region of crystallization and organization structure of solidification. Finally, the mechanism of metal solidification affected by square wave pulsed currents was discussed.

To investigate the effect of pulsed electromagnetic tields (FEMFs) on osteogemc differentiation and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).Rat BMSCs were isolated and the passage 3 cells were divided into 3 groups. Cells were cultured in LG-DMEM complete medium for 1 d to ensure fully adherent. Then, change the medium. Cells were maintained in complete medium (Control group) or in osteo-induction medium (OM group). The cells in PEMFs group were cultured in complete medium and exposed to 8 Hz, 3. 8 mT PEMF stimulation for 40 min/d. The intervention lasted for 21 d. Cell proliferation activity was determined by using MTT. The effects of PEMF onosteogenic differentiation were assessed by ALP and Alizarin Red S staining. Various osteoblast-relevant genes and genes of Wnt/β-catenin signaling were analyzed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR.We. found that OM could significantly promote the proliferation of BMSC at 7 d, 14 d, 21 d (P0. 05), but the effect was not obviously found in PEMFs group. For osteogenic differentiation, the positive rates of ALP or Alizarin Red S staining were detected higher in PEMFs/ OM group (P0. 05). Quantitative RT-PCR revealed PEMFs or OM could increase mRNA levels of Wnt1, Wnt3a, LRP5, β-catenin, BMP-2, Runx2, ALP, OC at special time point (P0. 05). Compared to OM group, PEMFs have a lower expression in each detection, but the trends were consistent.PEMFs (8 Hz, 3. 8 mT) could induce the osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Four methods of calculating Flory–Huggins interaction parameters from solubility parameters were examined by comparing calculated binodal curves with experimental data. This is a promising method to calculate interaction parameters from solubility parameters because of the wide use of solubility parameters. The fitting results were satisfactory after the optimization of the correction constant according to the membrane casting systems mentioned. The optimized correction constants were 0.09 and 1.01 for the polymer/solvent and polymer/nonsolvent, respectively. The constants were obtained from PES/solvent and PSF/solvent systems and checked with PSF/DMAc/nonsolvent systems. Calculation was carried out, based on Flory–Huggins solution theory, to analyze the behavior of the polymer/solvent/nonsolvent system phase diagram with the influence of parameter sets in a wide range. It was found that with the increment of solvent/polymer interaction parameters or nonsolvent/polymer interaction parameters the miscibility gaps decreased. However, the miscibility gaps increased with the increment of nonsolvent/solvent interaction parameters.

In the steady fabricating process, two-dimensional hollow fiber membrane near the spinneret was numerically simulated using the finite element method (FEM). The unknown positions of free surface and moving interface were calculated simultaneously by the velocity and pressure fields. The effects of seven relevant parameters, i.e., inertia term, gravity term, dope flow rate, bore flow rate, dope viscosity, tensile force, end velocity and non-Newtonian on the velocity and diameter profile were studied. On the basis of the simulated results, the inertia term in hollow fiber-spinning process was safely neglected in low speed, while the effect of gravity was not be neglected. Besides, the outer diameter of the fibers increased with an increase of dope flow rate and bore flow rate; Large tensile force or large end velocity could cause large deformation in the air gap; larger viscous dope solution tended to make less deformation in the air gap. It was found that an increase of the dope flow rate at small dope flow rate resulted in an increase of the inner diameter, while at large dope flow rate, it decreased. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 2067–2074, 2006

Monitoring of coating health was achieved by embedding sensor materials SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ in tribological coatings, and luminescence spectra of sensor materials were used for damage sensing by monitoring the intensity of the spectra. When the light emitting from coating disappeared, it indicated the coating wearied off and the substrate exposed. But emission intensity of the SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ in tribological coating was quenched in preparation process which will weaken the effect of coating instructions. In this work, SiO2-coated SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ were coupled with Cu-14Al-X alloy powders to form sensor composite coating by supersonic plasma spraying. The composite coatings before and after SiO2-coating were compared of phase composition, microstructure, luminescence properties and tribological performance. The composite coating shows not only good resistance to wear but also exhibits strong green light emitting under UV light. The SiO2-coating could prevent phosphors quenching due to high temperature in the supersonic plasma spraying process, and could repair the wear surface. The composite coating with SiO2-coated SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ particles had very stable friction coefficient, When the coating ratio of SiO2 was 10% for SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ particles, the luminescent properties and friction property of composite was optimal.

To investigate the effects of whole body vibration therapy (WBVT) on structural and functional remodeling of subchondral bone in rabbits with early Osteoarthritis (OA).Twenty-four adult rabbits received anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT) to establish knee osteoarthritis model. The rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: ACLT group and WBVT+ ACLT group. The rabbits in the WBVT+ ACLT group received whole body vibration treatment (Frequency: 40 Hz; Amplitude: 2-4 mm; 40 min/d, 5 d/week, 4 weeks) two months after surgery. After interventions, the left femur and tibia of all rabbits were placed in a Micro-CT scanning system. The bone volume fraction (BVF), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th), trabecular spacing (Tb. Sp), trabecular number (Tb. N), volumetric BMD (vBMD), and tissue BMD (tBMD) of the bones of femoral condyle and tibia were analysed using three-dimensional reconstruction Micview V2.1.2 and ABA analysis software. Geomagic Studio 11.0 software were used to calculate modulus (EM), reaction force (RF) and average Von Miss stress (VMF).Higher levels of BVF, Tb. N, Tb. Th, EM, RF, VMF, vBMD and tBMD and lower levels of Tb. Sp were found in distal femora and tibia of the rabbits in the WBVT+ACLT group compared with the controls (P0.05).WBVT can effectively improve bone microstructure and mechanical properties of rabbits with early knee osteoarthritis.

To investigate the role of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on the protection of cartilage and subchondral bone remodeling in rabbits with osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT).Anterior cruciate ligament transaction was performed on 24 adult rabbits to establish knee osteoarthritis models. The rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, with one group receiving extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) and the other group serving as controls. The ESWT was set at energy 0.16 MPa/time, frequency 5 Hz, 1 200 shock per side, 3 times per week, and a total of 6 times in 4 weeks. Histological observations were undertaken with articular cartilages under mascroscope and microscope; bone mineral density (BMD) was measured. The subchondral bones of femoralcondyle and tibial plateau were given a bone histomorphometry analysis. The levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and nitric oxide (NO) were detected by ELISA. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP 3, MMP-13) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) in cartilage were determined by RT-PCR.Lower levels of histological result in medial femoral condyles (by both mascroscope and microscope examinations) and higher levels of BMD (in distal femora) were found in the ESWT treated rabbits compared with the controls (P0.05). The ESWT treated rabbits also had decreased trabecular bone relative volume and trabecular bone thickness, increased bone separation, lower levels of expressions of MMP-1 and MMP-3, and higher levels of TIMP-1.ESWT can protect cartilage from damages and prevent subchondral sclerosis through regulating MMP-1, MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in cartilages and modulating subchondral bone metabolisms.

In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the European wild boar, Sus scrofa scrofa for the first time. The genome is found to be 16,770 bp in length and has a base composition of A (34.63%), G (13.38%), C (26.21%), and T (25.78%), indicating that the percentage of A + T (60.41%) was higher than G + C (39.59%). Similar to other pigs, it contains a typically conserved structure including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 1 control region (D-loop). Most of the genes were located on the H-strand except for the ND6 gene and eight tRNA genes. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence provided here would add a new genetic resource and new study on the evolution of the genus Sus.

To investigate the validity of catalase recombinant adenovirus on the treatment of oxidative cataract.The coding sequence of catalase was cloned and the catalase recombinant adenovirus was constructed. The expression time course of catalase gene in rat lens infected by recombinant adenovirus was determined by Western blotting. Cultured rat lens were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group, the group treated by hydrogen peroxide and the group treated by hydrogen peroxide combined with catalase recombinant adenovirus. The transparence and apoptosis ratio of lens on the time points of 6, 12, 18, 24 hours were determined by image analysis and double colour flowcytometry.The coding sequence of catalase was cloned and recombinant adenovirus was successfully constructed. The expression of catalase in cultured rat lens infected by recombinant adenovirus reached peak point on 9 hours post infection and maintained the level in the whole experiment period. The transparence of the lens in the group treated by hydrogen peroxide combined with catalase recombinant adenovirus was higher than that of group treated by hydrogen peroxide and lower than that of the control group on the time points of 6, 12, 18, 24 hours post infection. The differences among groups were statistically significant (P0.05). On the same time points, the apoptosis ratio of the group treated by hydrogen peroxide combined with catalase recombinant adenovirus was lower than that of the group treated by hydrogen peroxide and higher than the control group. The differences among groups were statistically significant (P0.05).The catalase recombinant adenovirus, which can inhibit the turbidity and cell apoptosis of lens caused by oxidant, may be used as the gene therapy of oxidative cataract.