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An online motor imagery-based brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) is limited by the non-stationarity in electroencephalogram (EEG), and weak robustness across sessions. Aiming at the preceding problems, we present a fast incremental SVM learning algorithm based on natural neighborhood editing (eNaN-iSVM). In eNaN-iSVM, the nature neighbor is exploited to reveal the underlying feature distribution of the train set and new coming data, and then a nonparametric filter, namely, natural neighborhood editing is established to divide samples into noise, border and core set. The incremental learning is performed on the borders, and the core set is retained as the training set for the next update. The eNaN-iSVM accelerates incremental learning while reducing computation and storage consumption. A series of experiments conducted on a nine-subject dataset and a real-time wheelchair platform demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of eNaN-iSVM in online control.

As a traditional Chinese medicine, Salvia miltiorrhiza rhizome is mainly used to treat cardiovascular diseases. Symbiosis of endophytic fungi with their host plants, is an effectively regulatory means to promote the growth and secondary metabolism of medicinal plants. Here, an endophytic fungus Mucor circinelloides DF20 was co-cultivated with the sterile seedlings of S. miltiorrhiza, to clarify the promoting mechanism on tanshinone biosynthesis and accumulation in S. miltiorrhiza root. The assay of promoting-growth activities in vitro showed that DF20 have the ability to produce IAA and siderophores. DF20 could significantly promote the biosynthesis and accumulation of tanshinones in the root of S. miltiorrhiza, especially the content of tanshinone ⅡA, reaching 4.630 ± 0.342 mg/g after 56 days of DF20 treatment, which is 22-fold of the control group. The result also showed that the hyphae of M. circunelloides DF20 mainly colonized in the root tissue interspace of S. miltiorrhiza, and a small amount of hyphae were located inside the cells. The results of florescent real-time quantitative RT-PCR showed that DF20 colonization significantly increase the expression level of some key enzyme genes (DXS, DXR, HMGR, GGPPS) in tanshinone biosynthesis pathway, but the regulatory effect mainly occurred in the early stage of co-culture, while the expression level decreased in different degrees in the later stage. In conclusion, the endophytic fungus M. circunelloides DF20 can form an interaction relationship with its host, then to promote the biosynthesis and accumulation of tanshinones in root by upregulating the key enzyme genes expression levels of the biosynthesis pathway.

The interaction of endophytes and host plant is an effective mean to regulate the growth and secondary metabolism of medicinal plants. Here we want to elucidate the effects and mechanism of Phoma herbarum D603 on the root development and tanshinone synthesis in root of Salvia miltiorrhiza by endophyte-plant coculture system. The mycelium of P. herbarum D603 was colonized in the root tissue space, and formed a stable symbiotic relationship with host plant. The in vitro activities analysis showed that the concentration of IAA produced by D603 can reach(6.45±0.23) μg·mL~(-1), and this strain had some abilities of phosphorus solubilization and siderophore production activities. The coculture experiment showed that strain D603 can significantly promote the synthesis and accumulation of tanshinones in the root of S. miltiorrhiza, in which after 8 weeks of treatment with D603, the content of tanshinone Ⅱ_A in the roots reached up to(1.42±0.59) mg·g~(-1). By the qRT-PCR analysis results, we found that D603 could improve the expression levels of some key genes(DXR, DXS, GGPP, HMGR, CPS) of tanshinone biosynthesis pathway in host plant S. miltiorrhiza, but the promoting effect mainly occurred in the early stage of the interaction, and the enzyme activity level decreased in varying degrees of the later stage. In summary, seed-associated endophyte P. herbarum D603 can promote the growth and root development of S. miltiorrhiza by producing hormones, promoting nutrient absorption and siderophore production, and promote the synthesis and accumulation of tanshinones by regulating the expression level of key genes in the synthetic pathway in S. miltiorrhiza.

Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a serious human health threat. The empiric H. pylori treatment paradigm guided by traditional testing technologies has led to antibiotic resistance. Here, we improved the qPCR method to provide technical support for precision H. pylori diagnosis and treatment. Methods Two pairs of primers and probes targeting the glmM gene were designed to detect H. pylori, and a multiplex qPCR method was established for virulence factor detection. Then, a rapid urease test (RUT), culturing and qPCR were performed on 141 specimens collected from Xinqiao Hospital of China in 2017 to evaluate the qPCR detection capability. Finally, the H. pylori infectious amount and virulence genes were detected by qPCR. Results 1. The improved qPCR method which used two pairs of primers had a higher detection rate (100%) and better accuracy (p = 0.000), compared with the qPCR using a pair of primers. It also had better consistency with the bacterial culture than with RUT (Kappa =0.440, p H. pylori infectious amount was significantly positively associated with gastritis in corpus (p = 0.003) and gastric erosion (p = 0.043). The H. pylori infectious amount in gastric precancerous patients was significantly lower than that in H. pylori-positive patients (p H. pylori-vacA s1+ amount was significantly greater than that of H. pylori-vacA s1- (p p = 0.000), peptic ulcer (p = 0.037) and gastric erosion (p = 0.009). The H. pylori-vacA+/cagA+/babA2+ frequency showed a significant positive correlation (p Conclusions The H. pylori infectious amount and presence of H. pylori virulence factors showed complex correlations with gastric disease occurrence and development. The improved qPCR with good detection performance can be used for quantitative H. pylori detection and testing for the virulence genes vacA s1, vacA m1, cagA and babA2 simultaneously. These findings will provide valuable information for disease diagnosis and treatment.

Background/Aims: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is currently the ninth most common cancer in men. Interleukin (IL)-33 expression has previously been associated with a number of cancers; however, its biological role in RCC is poorly understood. In this study, we sought to elucidate the role of IL-33 in RCC. Methods: Serum IL-33 levels were measured by ELISA. IL-33 expression in clinical RCC samples was examined by immunocytochemistry. The proliferation and apoptosis rate of RCC were determined by CCK8 and flow cytometry. Mcl1 and Bcl-2 expression were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting. JNK expression were measured by western blotting and flow cytometry. The in vivo role of IL-33 in RCC tumorigenesis was examined by animal models. Results: We found that increased expression of IL-33 in RCC was associated with tumor-lymph node-metastasis (TNM) stage and inversely correlated with prognosis. IL-33 enhances RCC cell growth in vivo and stimulates RCC cell proliferation and prevents chemotherapy-induced tumor apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IL-33 promotes RCC cell proliferation and chemotherapy resistance via its receptor ST2 and the JNK signaling activation in tumor cells. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that targeting IL-33/ST2 and JNK signaling may have potential value in the treatment of RCC.

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) have the advantage of high energy efficiency and zero tailpipe emissions. They have been progressively commercialized in recent years. Hydrogen production has diversified technological pathways, which vary greatly in terms of energy and environmental impacts. In this study, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method was applied to evaluate well-to-wheels (WTW) fossil energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO

More and more electric power data are generated with the development of the electric power field. Hyponymy relationships extraction is an important task in building semantic knowledge base, information retrieval and other semantic applications etc. This paper uses sentences to match “is a” pattern as research subjects and proposes a novel hyponymy relation extraction approach, which combines lexical analysis and dependency parsing. In order to better complete experiment of the proposed method, the electric power field corpus is processed in this paper and more normative corpus are obtained. Some hyponymy relationships are obtained from the electric power concepts with proposed method. The experiment results confirm that the proposed approach of this paper has better performance in the process of relationship extraction.

A new boundary condition is developed to enhance numerical stability for moving walls in lattice-Boltzmann simulations. It includes a population "adjustment" procedure at boundaries which allows stable simulations closer to the theoretical limit of τ = 0.5. Couette and lid-driven cavity flow simulations show improved velocity profiles, lower stable relaxation timestep τ and higher Reynolds number Re limits. The new method needs fewer timesteps to achieve steady-state.

During the experiment of preparing ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) nanopowder, a new complex salt crystal K3[InCl6] was found and synthesized using a solution growth method. The diffraction pattern, morphology, element composition and structure of the crystal were analyzed by XRD, SEM and CCD. The results implied that K3[InCl6] is monoclinic, is of the space group P21/c, has a chemical formula of K3[InCl6], a Z = 4 and with the following cell parameters: a = 12.188 A, b = 7.553 A, c = 12.703 A, α = 90.00°, β = 108.96°, γ = 90.00°, V = 1105.98 A3.

The crystal structure of monoclinic tripotassium indium(III) hexachloride, K3[InCl6], obtained by the solvent evaporation method, has been determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The crystal structure is characterized by isolated [InCl6] octahedra located in the centre of the cell and at the centre of each of the edges of the cell, linked with K+ cations to form a three-dimensional structure.