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Background: Organizing pneumonia (OP) is a rare interstitial lung disease. Secondary organizing pneumonia (SOP) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is extremely rare. Migratory MTB-associated SOP is more deceptive and dangerous. When insidious tuberculosis (TB) is not recognized, SOP would be misdiagnosed as cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP). Use of steroid hormone alone leads to the progression of TB foci or even death. Clues of distinguishing atypical TB at the background of OP is urgently needed. Case presentation: A 56-year-old female patient was hospitalized into the local hospital because of cough and expectoration for more than half a month. Her medical history and family history showed no relation to TB or other lung diseases. Community-acquired pneumonia was diagnosed and anti-infection therapy was initialized but invalid. The patient suffered from continuous weigh loss. More puzzling, the lesions were migratory based on CT images. The patient was then transferred to our hospital. The immunological indexes of infection in blood and pathogenic tests in sputum and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were negative. The percutaneous lung puncture biopsy and pathological observation confirmed OP, but without granulomatous lesions. Additionally, pathogen detection of the punctured lung tissues by mNGS were all negative. COP was highly suspected. Fortunately, the targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) detected MTB in the punctured lung tissues and MTB-associated SOP was definitely diagnosed. The combined therapy of anti-TB and prednisone was administrated. After treatment for 10 days, the partial lesions were significantly resorbed and the patient was discharged. In the follow-up of half a year, the patient was healthy. Conclusions: It is difficult to distinguish SOP from COP in clinical practice. Diagnosis of COP must be very cautious. Transient small nodules and cavities in the early lung image are a clue to consider TB, even though all pathogen tests are negative. tNGS is also a powerful tool to detect pathogen, ensuring prompt diagnosis of TB-related SOP. For clinicians in TB high burden countries, we encourage them to keep TB in mind before making a final diagnosis of COP.

The present study prepared shell-core nanoparticles comprising poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) cores encapsulated by shells composed of mixed lipids(Lipoid S100 and DSPE-PEG 2000) or polymer F127 to investigate the effects of shell composition on overcoming physiological barriers of gastrointestinal mucus and intestinal epithelial cells and improving bioavailability.The results are expected to provide references for the research on the improvement of the oral bioavailability of Chinese medicine by nanocar-riers. Silibinin(SLB) was used as a model drug to prepare PLGA nanoparticles coated with the shell of mixed lipids(SLB-LPNs) or F127(SLB-FPNs) via a modified nanoprecipitation method.Transmission electron microscopy showed that both LPNs and FPNs were spherical with a core-shell structure.The average particle sizes of SLB-LPNs and SLB-FPNs were(94.13±2.23) and(95.42±4.91) nm, respectively.The Zeta potential values were(-39.3±2.8) and(-17.0±0.2) mV, respectively.X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of SLB in the two types of nanoparticles in a molecular or amorphous state.The ability of nanoparticles to cross both the mucus and epithelial barriers were evaluated using the cellular internalization kinetics assay.LPNs showed a higher rate of cell internalization than FPNs, indicating that LPNs could penetrate the mucus layer and become internalized by cells more rapidly.As revealed by the in vivo pharmacokinetic assay in rats with SLB suspension as the reference, the relative oral bioavailability of SLB-LPNs and SLB-FPNs was 400.37% and 923.31%, respectively.The effect of SLB-FPNs in improving oral bioavailability was more significant than that of SLB-LPNs.In summary, shell composition can influence the ability of nanoparticles to overcome oral physiological bar-riers, such as the mucus layer and intestinal epithelial cells, and improve oral bioavailability.Shell-core structured nanoparticles are promising nanocarriers for oral drug delivery systems.

To explore whether the post-left atrium space (PLAS) ratio would be useful for prenatal diagnosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) using echocardiography and artificial intelligence.We retrospectively included 642 frames of four-chamber views from 319 fetuses (32 with TAPVC and 287 without TAPVC) in end-systolic and end-diastolic periods with multiple apex directions. The average gestational age was 25.6 ± 2.7 weeks. No other cardiac or extracardiac malformations were observed. The dataset was divided into a training set (n = 540; 48 with TAPVC and 492 without TAPVC) and test set (n = 102; 20 with TAPVC and 82 without TAPVC). The PLAS ratio was defined as the ratio of the epicardium-descending aortic distance to the center of the heart-descending aortic distance. Supervised learning was used in DeepLabv3+, FastFCN, PSPNet, and DenseASPP segmentation models. The area under the curve (AUC) was used on the test set.Expert annotations showed that this ratio was not related to the period or apex direction. It was higher in the TAPVC group than in the control group detected by the expert and the four models. The AUC of expert annotations, DeepLabv3+, FastFCN, PSPNet, and DenseASPP were 0.977, 0.941, 0.925, 0.856, and 0.887, respectively.Segmentation models achieve good diagnostic accuracy for TAPVC based on the PLAS ratio.

Highlights • for Hainan basalts is ∼170 °C higher than that for the MORB source mantle. • The mantle source of Hainan basalts contains pyroxenite. • Water contents in the mantle source of Hainan basalts range from 84 to 360 ppm. • The Hainan plume is drier than other LIP-generating plumes. • Water enrichment plays a significant role in the formation of LIPs. Abstract Large igneous provinces (LIPs) are generally considered to be related to mantle plumes and to have a great importance to the supercontinent break-up events, climate change and biological evolution over Earth's history. The high melt production rates of LIPs can be achieved under rigorous melting conditions: an abnormally high temperature, substantial decompression, addition of fusible components, or remarkable enrichment in water. Although it has been repeatedly noticed that water enrichment has occurred in many Phanerozoic LIPs, the significance of water enrichment in the mantle source for the generation of LIPs has not been explicitly highlighted. The southeastern Asian basalt province (SABP), which is thought to have formed by the Hainan mantle plume from a pyroxenite-bearing source, was emplaced over a small area of about 0.037 Mkm2 over a long period of time from 28.5 Ma to Holocene, thus differing from a typical LIP (>0.1 Mkm3 in volume emplaced in one or multiple pulses of less than 5 Ma). In this work, we measured H2O contents of high-Mg# clinopyroxene phenocrysts (12–179 ppm H2O) from Cenozoic basalts in the northern Hainan Island, which is part of the SABP. These data were utilized to estimate the water content of the mantle source of these basalts, yielding values in the range of 84–360 ppm H2O, which are significantly lower than those obtained for many Phanerozoic LIPs (thousands of ppm). After calculating the mantle potential temperature for the Hainan basalts about 170 °C higher than that for the MORB source mantle, we consider that the paucity of source water likely depressed the melt productivity and the velocity of plume upwelling, and induced the Hainan plume to stall at depths of 350–500 km, inhibiting the formation of a LIP by the Hainan plume, despite the occurrence of other favorable conditions. Hence, our results from the SABP provide evidence for the significance of water enrichment in the mantle source in the formation of LIPs. The low water content in the Hainan plume can be attributed to the incorporation of subducted slabs that had experienced significant dehydration.

We present petrological investigations and mineral chemistry of several Tethyan ophiolites to reveal the occurrence, origin, and fate of water in podiform chromitites. The results show that clinopyroxene and olivine in chromitites have H2O contents of 801–366 and 53–17 ppm, respectively. The highest water contents of olivine occur in massive chromitite and the lowest always in the clinopyroxene-bearing ores because much of the available hydrous fluids was taken up by the clinopyroxene during crystallization. The major and trace elemental and Li isotopic compositions of clinopyroxene associated with chromite and olivine in podiform chromitites indicate formation from a mixture of surface hydrous fluids on chromite grains and evolved melts from which olivine crystallized. The hydrous fluids initially originated from dehydration of a subducting slab as revealed by Li isotopic compositions of clinopyroxene and olivine in the chromitites. High fluid/rock ratios facilitated concentration of chromite to form chromitite, suppressing crystallization of olivine. The hydrous fluids that were collected on the chromite grain surface during crystallization allowed chromite grains to rise via decreasing density in the form of bubbles, thus promoting their gathering and concentration. The fate of these hydrous fluids depends on ambient physical and chemical conditions. Mostly they hydrate adjacent olivine grains in the chromitite or penetrate the surrounding dunite envelope. In some cases, the fluids dissolve into silicate melts to produce water-bearing clinopyroxene and/or hydrous minerals, such as amphibole, or infiltrate silicate and chromite grains to form inclusions, which may exsolve later in the form of mineral lamellae. Our investigations provide direct natural evidence for the presence and importance of water in the formation and evolution of chromite deposits, as inferred by earlier experimental studies.

Mantle plume-generated basalts have long been utilized to assess the large-scale heterogeneity of the deep mantle. Their chemical and isotopic enrichment has been thought to result from the incorporation of recycled sediments or oceanic crust in their sources. Variable extents of dehydration or rehydration of recycled materials during subduction can induce different H2O/Ce ratios in plume-related basalts. The Hainan plume has been regarded as the cause of the massive Cenozoic basaltic volcanism in southeastern Asia. In this study, we measured bulk-rock major and trace element compositions of basalts from a volcano at Heishanling Hill, northern Hainan Island, and made FTIR analyses of water in clinopyroxene phenocrysts to determine magmatic water contents. In addition, we determined Sr-Nd isotope compositions of basalts at Heishanling Hill and other three localities. Water contents of Cpx phenocrysts vary from 20 to 254 ppm, which were used to calculate the water contents in the corresponding equilibrated melts, yielding values from 0.22 to 2.42 wt% with an average of 1.07 ± 0.47 wt%. Considering the effect of magma differentiation on water contents, the primary melts of Heishanling basalts were estimated to have a range of 0.67–1.40 wt% for individual Heishanling basalts, with the average of 1.03 ± 0.33 wt%. The calculated water contents in the mantle source of the Heishanling basalts vary from 279 to 582 ppm, falling in the range of global OIBs. Combined with the results previously reported, H2O/Ce ratios of Hainan basalts were estimated to vary from 50 to 425, covering the reported range from EM-type OIBs to NMORBs. The enriched Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the studied samples resemble those of other Hainan plume-related basalts, and their 143Nd/144Nd ratios are well correlated with incompatible trace element ratios (e.g., Th/La, Ba/Nb). Bulk-rock compositions are consistent with a contribution of pyroxenite in the mantle source of the Hainan basalts and mixing modeling suggests coupled contribution of recycled sediment and oceanic crust. H2O/Ce displays a negative correlation with 143Nd/144Nd and a positive correlation with (Rb/Nb)n and (Th/La)n, meaning that an increasing amount of recycled oceanic crust and sediment in the source increases its H2O/Ce. The recycled material incorporated in the Hainan plume source may have undergone variable degrees of dehydration or deep rehydration by fluids released from subcrustal hydrous minerals at grater depths during subduction.

Based on an analytical formulation for the size-dependent melting temperature, a simple thermodynamic model has been developed to describe the surface energy of nanocrystals γ ( D ). The results show that, for face-centered cubic, body-centered cubic and hexagonal close packing metals, γ ( D ) of nanocrystals/nanocavities decreases/increases as D drops. The effect of surface broken-bond number on γ ( D ) has also been discussed. It is found that reducing the number of surface broken-bonds will slow down the decrease of γ ( D ). For facets of nanocrystals with different broken-bond number, the difference in size-dependent surface bond contraction determines the variation intensity of surface energy. The model has also been used to describe γ ( D ) of semiconductor Si nanocavities and bimetallic alloys nanocrystals. The predictions are in good agreement with the reported data and other theory model predictions.

Although numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to be important in human cancer, their potential regulatory roles in epithelial tumorigenesis and tumor progression in ovarian cancer remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate lncRNAs that were differentially expressed (DE) in epithelial ovarian cancer and to explore their potential functions. The lncRNA profiles in five pairs of human epithelial ovarian cancer tissues and their adjacent normal tissues were described using microarrays. The results of the microarray analysis revealed that 672 upregulated and 549 downregulated (fold-change ≥2.0) lncRNAs were DE between the cancerous and normal tissues. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the microarray results using four upregulated (RP11-1C1.7, XLOC_003286, growth arrest-specific 5 and ZNF295-AS1) and four downregulated (protein tyrosine kinase 7, maternally expressed gene 3, AC079776.2 and ribosomal protein lateral stalk subunit P0 pseudogene 2) lncRNAs. Furthermore, gene ontology and pathway analyses were used to carry out functional analyses of the candidate genes of DE lncRNAs. The results identified lncRNAs with significantly altered expression profiles in human epithelial ovarian cancer cells compared with those in adjacent normal cells. These data offer new insights into the occurrence and development of epithelial ovarian cancer, and these lncRNAs may provide novel molecular biomarkers for further research on epithelial ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To study the cognitive neural mechanism of working memory impairment in children with primary nocturnal enuresis using event-related potential (ERP). METHODS: A total of 14 children with primary nocturnal enuresis were enrolled as enuresis group, and 14 normal children were enrolled as control group. The learning-recognition task test was applied, and the ERP components (P2, N2, and P3) at Fz lead while identifying old pictures (learned) and new ones (unlearned) were measured and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: While identifying the old pictures, the enuresis group had a lower amplitude of P2 and N2 than the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the latency of P2, N2, and P3 and the amplitude of P3. While identifying the new pictures, the enuresis group had a longer latency of P2 and a significantly lower amplitude of N2 than the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the amplitude of P2 and P3 and the latency of N2 and P3. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with normal children, the children with primary nocturnal enuresis have reduced abilities of classified information extraction, a prolonged reaction time, and reductions in memory capacity, memory consolidation, and conflict monitoring, which causes working memory impairment.

Cable-type welding wire (CWW) CO2 welding is an innovative process arc welding with high quality, high efficiency and energy saving, in which CWW is used as consumable electrode. The CWW is composed of seven wires with a diameter of 1. 2 mm. One is in the center, while others uniformly distribute around it. The diameter of twisted wire is up to 3. 6 mm, which can increase the deposition rate significantly. With continual wire-feeding and melting of CWW, the formed rotating arc improved welding quality obviously. The arc behavior and droplet transfer were observed by the electrical signal waveforms and corresponding synchronous images, based on the high speed digital camera and electrical signal system. The results showed that the shape of welding arc changed from bell arc to beam arc with the increase of welding parameter. The droplet transfer mode changed from repelled transfer, globular transfer to projected transfer in turn. Droplet transfer frequency increased from 18. 17 Hz to 119. 05 Hz, while the droplet diameter decreased from 1. 5 times to 0. 3 times of the CWW diameter.

Size, dimensionality and pressure play important roles on modulating band gap (Eg) of semiconductor nanocrystals, and have attracted extensive attention in recent years. In this letter, a simple thermodynamic model is developed and the competition relation among size, dimensionality and pressure effects on Eg is discussed. The accuracy of our prediction is confirmed by the experimental data and simulation results of CdSe and ZnO nanocrystals. This model provides a new insight into the size, dimensionality and pressure effects on Eg and guides the optimal selection as design quantum devices.

To reveal the variation tendency of melting temperature Tm, melting entropy Sm and melting enthalpy Hm in nanoscale and the physical origin is of benefit for the understanding of the melting behavior of nanoparticles (NPs), which is critical for the design of nanodevices. In this work, a simple thermodynamic model without any adjustable parameters is proposed to predict the size dependence of Tm(D), Sm(D) and Hm(D) of metallic NPs where D denotes size. The results show that Tm(D), Sm(D) and Hm(D) functions all drop with decreasing size. The size dependence of these functions is predominated by the ratio of solid-liquid interface energy γsl and solid-liquid interface stress fsl or γsl/fsl. We find that γsl(D) exhibit much more reduction than fsl(D) when D decreases, and the difference in the size dependence of γsl(D) and fsl(D) on D is the origin of abrupt decrease of Tm(D) when D below 10 nm. The good agreement between the model prediction and the available experimental data and the results of molecular dynamics simulations, as well as other theoretical models confirms the validity of this work.

Elymus breviaristatus, a short-lived perennial grass species with ecological importance and forage value, is narrowly distributed in a few locations in the natural grassland of southeast of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP). Its populations are declining due to habitat loss and grassland degradation. This project is aim to investigate genetic diversity and genetic structure of this species for its conservation and management, using SSR data obtained from seven natural populations sampled from southeast of QTP. Seventeen selected primer pairs generated a total of 166 polymorphic bands. The Shannon diversity was comparably low within populations (0.115), but higher at the species level (0.251). An obvious population structure and high level of genetic differentiation (AMOVA-derived ΦST = 0.48, G ′ ST = 0.54 from Shannon index) were detected by clustering, principle coordinate analysis and STRCTURE. All clustering approaches supported a demarcation of the seven populations into four major clades which failed to correspond to their geographical origin. The Mantel test revealed no significant isolation by distance (IBD) when used pairwise-ΦST (r = 0.149) as genetic distance, which indicating that geographical separation do not act as barriers for gene flow. Self-fertilization is considered to be the major factor contributing to high genetic divergence within this species. Furthermore, habitat destruction and limited seed dispersal due to increasing anthropogenic pressure on the species may play an important role in shaping present distribution of genetic diversity. Suggestions for conservation strategies are provided to preserve the genetic resources of this species.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in plasma and milk samples of lactating Chinese Holstein following a single intramammary administration into one quarter at the dose of 75 mg. Residue depletion of cefquinome in milk administrated at one quarter following three consecutive infusions at the same dose were also carried out. Cefquinome concentrations in plasma and milk were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method. A non-compartmental analysis was used to obtain the pharmacokinetic parameters of cefquinome. Following the single treatment, cefquinome wasn't detected in any of the plasma samples. The concentration of cefquinome in milk reached peaked values (C max ) of (599.00±322.00) μg mL −1 at 2 h after administration (T max ), elimination half-life (t 1/2λz ) was (4.63±0.26) h, area under the concentration-time curve (AUC 0-∞ ) was (4890.19±1906.98) μg mL −1 h, and mean residence time (MRT) was (6.03±2.27) h. In residue depletion study, cefquinome concentrations in 5 out of 6 milk samples at 72 h were lower than the maximum residue limit fixed by the European regulatory agency (20 μg kg −1 for cefquinome) and cefquinome still could be detected in milk of treated quarters at 120 h post-treatment. The maximum concentration (C max ) of cefquinome in milk from treated quarters was (486.50±262.92) μg mL −1 and arrived at 6 h after administration (T max ), elimination half-life (t 1/2λz ) was (6.30±0.76) h, area under the concentration-time curve (AUC 0-∞ ) was (44747.79±11434.43) μg mL −1 h, and mean residence time (MRT) was (10.09±1.40) h. This study showed that cefquinome has the feature of poor penetration into blood and was eliminated quickly from milk in lactating cows after intramammary administration.

This article studies the long-term stability of Na、Mg、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Cd、Ba、Pb in the matrix effect of potassium dihydrogen phosphate tested on ICP-MS Model X-series II manufactured by ThermoFisher. The test result proves good long-term stability and reliable analysis of the instrument.

According to a study in KDP crystal growth and performance, it’s found that the impurity content of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal by batch production affects directly the growth rate and optical properties of the KDP crystal. Through research on a variety of materials production methods, it’s found that there’re seldom reports on impurity removing technology by physical methods. This project studied the key process parameters and control factors on the batch production of potassium dihydrogen phosphate raw material. By modification and adjusting the process parameters, the quality of KDP crystal materials is improved.

AZ31 magnesium alloy was welded by the YAG laser. The plasma of laser welding was studied by the spectra and the plasma temperature was also calculated. The relationship between the welding parameters and plasma temperature was studied. The paper shows that the cooling effect of the plasma using helium is significant. Laser plasma temperature decreases from the center to the periphery and the temperature in the center is higher than 9000K. The evaporation of Mg element concentrates in the center of the laser plasma.

The functional relationship and cross-regulation between damage-associated molecular patterns and NF‑κB in the tumor microenvironment remains unclear. In the present study, high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) was secreted in response to feed second phase of NF‑κB activation from heat shock protein (HSP) 70 that may result in a higher invasion potential of hepatocarcinoma cells. HSP70 promoted the proliferation of H22 hepatocarcinoma cells through Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 signaling and induced the early phosphorylation of NF-κB, which reached maximum levels within 30 min. However, HSP70 promoted the upregulation of Beclin-1 expression via Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation in tumor cells and the release of HMGB1 from tumor cells. Inhibition of Beclin-1/c-JNK production prevented the second, but not the first, phase of NF-κB phosphorylation, implicating Beclin-1/c-JNK in the second phase of phosphorylation. HSP70 induced Beclin-1-derived HMGB1 production at 4 h, which occurred before the rise in the second phosphorylation that occurred at 6 h. Exogenous HMGB1 also induced the rapid phosphorylation of NF-κB and upregulated the expression of MMP-9, inhibited the rapid phosphorylation of NF-κB and reduced MMP-9 by receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) inhibitor that prevented HMGB1-induced cell invasion in vitro, which demonstrated that the biological significance of HMGB1/RAGE is key to the second, but not the first, phase of NF-κB phosphorylation in tumor cells. HSP70 triggered a positive feedback loop of NF-κB activation in H22 cells. The second phase of NF-κB phosphorylation mediated by HSP70 is implicated in the increase of tumor cell malignant invasion.

The combination of hysteroscopy and laparoscopy was found to be the most reliable method for diagnosis and treatment of uterine septum with short operative time, less blood loss, increased postoperative pregnancy rate and live birth rate along with lower spontaneous abortion rate., Objective: To explore the method of diagnosis for uterine septum and the clinical effect of hysteroscopic transcervical resection of the septum. Methods: One-hundred ninety cases of patients with uterine septum who were diagnosed and treated at our hospital during 2007–2011 were selected, and their general information, perioperative status, postoperative recovery treatment, and postoperative pregnancy rates were statistically analyzed. Results: All 190 patients were cured with one surgery, with an average hysteroscopic operating time of 22.60 ± 10.67 minutes and intraoperative blood loss of 15.74 ± 9.64 mL. There were no complications such as uterine perforation, water intoxication, infection, or heavy bleeding. Among the 115 patients that we followed up, 86 became pregnant and delivered infants, 81 of which were born at term and 5 that were born premature. Conclusion: The combination of hysteroscopy and laparoscopy is still the most reliable method for the diagnosis of uterine septum. With a shorter operative time, less blood loss, a significantly increased postoperative pregnancy rate and live birth rate, and a significantly lower spontaneous abortion rate, transcervical resection of the septum was the preferred method for the treatment of uterine septum, and surgical instruments and skills were critical to the prognosis of uterine septum.

With the development of information technology, more and more enterprises recognize that ERP system could play an important role in enterprise management. It is difficult to choose the most appropriate ERP system for enterprise development strategy and some specific need. In this paper, first of all, the primary influencing factors of ERP system selection are obtained through literature investigation, and the information entropy theory is introduced to establish the ERP model. Secondly, the calculation program is designed according to the reduction algorithm of entropy weight method, which could do calculation, analysis, sort and evaluation. Thirdly, a specific enterprise is visited to do empirical analysis, and actual data are processed to test the entropy model, then the most appropriate ERP system could be selected according to enterprise’s status and development requirements.

Although siRNA techniques have been broadly applied as a tool for gene knockdown, substantial challenges remain in achieving efficient delivery and in vivo efficacy. In particular, the low efficiency of target gene silencing in vivo is a critical limiting step to the clinical application of siRNA therapies. Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers are widely used as carriers for drug and gene delivery; however, in vivo siRNA delivery by PAMAM dendrimers remains to be carefully investigated. In this study, the effectiveness of G5 and G6 PAMAM dendrimers with 8% of their surface amines conjugated to MPEG-5000 was studied for siRNA delivery in vitro and for intramuscular in vivo delivery in mice. The results from the PEG-modified dendrimers were compared to the results from the parent dendrimers as well as Lipofectamine 2000 and INTERFERin. Both PEG-modifed dendrimers protect the siRNA from being digested by RNase and gave high transfection efficiency for FITC-labeled siRNA in the primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and mouse peritoneal macrophages. The PEG-modified dendrimers achieved knockdown of both plasmid (293A cells) and adenovirus-mediated green fluorescence protein (GFP) expression (Cos7 cells) in vitro with efficiency similar to that shown for Lipofectamine 2000. We further demonstrated in vivo that intramuscular delivery of GFP-siRNA using PEG-modified dendrimer significantly suppressed GFP expression in both transiently adenovirus infected C57BL/6 mice and GFP transgenic mice.

Evolution of solitary waves in photovoltaic–photorefractive crystal satisfy the paraxial equation. The paraxial equation is transformed into the symplectic structure of the infinite dimensional Hamiltonian system. The symplectic structure of the paraxial equation is discretizated by the symplectic method. The corresponding symplectic scheme preserves conservation of discrete energy which reflects conservation of energy of the paraxial equation. The symplectic scheme is applied to simulate the solitary wave behaviors of the paraxial equation. Evolution of the solitary waves with the different applied electric field and the different photovoltaic fields are investigated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous, small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNAs and inhibiting expression via translation repression or RNA degradation. Emerging evidence indicates that miRNAs play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of human diseases, including tumor development. We profiled the miRNA expression between mature ovarian teratoma samples and matched normal tissues using miRNA microarrays, followed by validation with quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The most highly expressed miRNAs in mature ovarian teratoma tissues were miRNA-520a-5p, miRNA-26b*, miRNA-421, miRNA-492 and miRNA-555, with a 1.3- to 2.6-fold change, whereas the least expressed miRNAs were miRNA-142-3p, let-7a, miRNA-19a, miRNA-34a, miRNA-620, miRNA-934, miRNA-657, miRNA-720, miRNA-22, miRNA-629 and miRNA-214, with a decreased level of 55-87% compared with normal tissues. The findings of the present study are the first to provide an altered miRNA profile for mature ovarian teratomas and differentially expressed miRNAs, which, if validated in future studies, may be essential in the pathogenesis of mature ovarian teratomas.

The energy spectrum of the Manning-Rosen potential including centrifugal term in higher dimensions is presented by exact quantization rule approach. The result is compared with that by proper quantization rule method. It is found that the latter is better than that of the exact quantization rule. We find that the interdimensional degeneracy exists for the states in different dimensions. For the special case D = 3, the results agree well with those obtained by other methods.

The article collected radiation intensity of TIG arc plasma in different dimensions and analyzed arc spectrum by establishing horizontal scanning system of plasma. Choose Fe and Ar characteristic spectral line as the subjects; acquire the distribution of arc radiation in different dimensions through Abel conversion; calculate temperature of plasma using Boltzmann. The results indicated that the position of strongest radiation is about 1mm from the tungsten pole, then it gradually weakens along the radial direction and the gradient of Ar spectral line is greater. The lowest temperature is near the base metal and the highest one is near tungsten pole.

The photoinduced birefringence effect in a type of azo-dye-doped poly (methyl methacrylate) was realized when it was pumped by a polarized argon ion laser beam. The transmission of a 632.8 nm probe beam through the pumped sample could be controlled by two kinds of methods: one employed the photoinduced thermal effect of the pump light in the azo-dye-containing sample, and the other changed the temperature of the sample directly. The tunable transmission of the probe light with different pump power and at various temperatures of the sample was investigated in detail.

Within extensions of the new quantization rule approach in arbitrary dimensions, the Maslov indices and energy spectra of some exactly solvable potentials are presented. We find that the Maslov index for the harmonic oscillator in three dimensions agrees well with those obtained by other methods.

The extension of the quantization rule approach to non-central potentials is investigated. The energy spectra for the generalized Coulomb and oscillator systems are presented. The results are in good agreement with those obtained before.