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Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a vital ligand-activated transcriptional factor, which is highly expressed in the liver, intestine, and adrenal gland. However, FXR homeostasis is influenced by many factors, such as diet and circadian rhythm, and the expression of FXR differs in diverse organs. Currently, there is no method to monitor the FXR homeostasis in real time, which restricts us from further investigating the function of FXR under physiological and pathological conditions. In this project, classic FXR agonists were selected to be modified to targeting FXR. The photo-cross-linking diazirine group and alkynyl, a click reaction group, were incorporated to the ligands. Through biorthogonal reaction, fluorophore was linked to the ligands to realize the monitoring of FXR expression in cells.

Background The imaging features of focal liver lesions (FLLs) are diverse and complex. Diagnosing FLLs with imaging alone remains challenging. We developed and validated an interpretable deep learning model for the classification of seven categories of FLLs on multisequence MRI and compared the differential diagnosis between the proposed model and radiologists. Methods In all, 557 lesions examined by multisequence MRI were utilised in this retrospective study and divided into training–validation (n = 444) and test (n = 113) datasets. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the performance of the model. The accuracy and confusion matrix of the model and individual radiologists were compared. Saliency maps were generated to highlight the activation region based on the model perspective. Results The AUC of the two- and seven-way classifications of the model were 0.969 (95% CI 0.944–0.994) and from 0.919 (95% CI 0.857–0.980) to 0.999 (95% CI 0.996–1.000), respectively. The model accuracy (79.6%) of the seven-way classification was higher than that of the radiology residents (66.4%, p = 0.035) and general radiologists (73.5%, p = 0.346) but lower than that of the academic radiologists (85.4%, p = 0.291). Confusion matrices showed the sources of diagnostic errors for the model and individual radiologists for each disease. Saliency maps detected the activation regions associated with each predicted class. Conclusion This interpretable deep learning model showed high diagnostic performance in the differentiation of FLLs on multisequence MRI. The analysis principle contributing to the predictions can be explained via saliency maps.

A new orchid species, Bulbophyllum contortum (Malaxideae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) from Zhenyuan, Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated here. Detailed morphological comparisons indicate that B. contortum is similar to B. lemnisactum and B. lemniscatoides, but it differs in the shape and size of pseudobulbs, inflorescence shape, flower colour and shape and size of the sepalar appendages.

A bacterial image analysis system based on surface plasmon resonance imaging was established to investigate the effect of bacterial motility on biofilm formation under high ammonia nitrogen at the single-cell level. The results showed that the bacterial mean rotation speed and vertical motility distance decreased with the increasing concentration of ammonia nitrogen. Ammonia nitrogen inhibited the metabolic activity of the bacteria, decreasing bacterial motility. Bacterial motility was negatively correlated with the biofilm-formation ability. The biofilm formation ability of Enterobacter cloacae strain HNR exposed to ammonia nitrogen was enhanced by reducing its movement and promoting EPS secretion. Genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation were down-regulated, indicating inhibition of microbial energy metabolism. Genes related to bacterial secretion and lipopolysaccharide synthesis were up-regulated, facilitating the formation of biofilms and enabling the bacteria to resist ammonia nitrogen stress. This study provides new insights into the biofilm formation under ammonia stress.

To analyze the relationship between serum miR-34a level and thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).A total of 69 eligible DLBCL patients who received chemotherapy in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were prospectively included as the research subjects, all patients received R-CHOP 21 regimen (rituximab + cyclophosphamide + adriamycin + vincristine + prednisone) for chemotherapy, 3 weeks was 1 cycle, and 2 cycles of chemotherapy were used. The patients were divided into a reduction group and a non reduction group according to whether there was thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy, the general data and laboratory indexes of the two groups were investigated and compared, the relationship between serum miR-34a before chemotherapy and thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in patients was analyzed.Among the 69 DLBCL patients, 36 patients developed thrombocytopenia after 2 cycles of R-CHOP 21 regimen for chemotherapy, the incidence was 52.17%; the level of serum IL-11 and the relative expression of miR-34a mRNA in the reduction group were significantly lower than the non reduction group (P0.05), compared other data between groups, there was no statistical significant difference (P0.05); after Logistic regression analysis, the results showed that the level of serum IL-11 and the relative expression of miR-34a mRNA were related to thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in DLBCL patients, low expression of each index may be a risk factor of thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in DLBCL patients (OR1, P0.05); ROC curve was drawn, and the results showed that the AUC of serum IL-11 level and miR-34a mRNA relative expression before chemotherapy alone and in combination predicted the risk of thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in DLBCL patients were all0.80, and the predictive value was ideal, when the cut-off value of serum IL-11 level before chemotherapy was 42.094 pg/ml, and the cut-off value of miR-34a mRNA relative expression was 3.894, the combined prediction value was the best.The relative expression of miR-34a mRNA is associated with thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in DLBCL patients, which may be a risk factor for thrombocytopenia in patients after chemotherapy, has certain value in predicting the risk of thrombocytopenia of patients after chemotherapy.血清miR-34a水平与弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤患者化疗后血小板减少的相关性.分析血清miR-34a水平与弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）患者化疗后血小板减少的关系.前瞻性纳入2018年1月-2020年1月于本院接受化疗的69例DLBCL患者作为研究对象，所有患者均接受R-CHOP21方案（利妥昔单抗+环磷酰胺+阿霉素+长春新碱+泼尼松）化疗，3周为1个周期，均化疗2个周期。依据化疗后血小板有无减少将患者分为减少组与未减少组，调查两组一般资料、检测实验室指标并比较，重点分析化疗前血清miR-34a与患者化疗后血小板减少的关系.69例DLBCL患者经R-CHOP21方案化疗2个周期后，血小板减少的发生率为52.17%（36例）；减少组血清IL-11水平及miR-34a mRNA相对表达量均明显低于未减少组（P0.05），组间其他资料比较差异无统计学意义（P0.05）；经Logistic回归分析结果显示，化疗前血清IL-11水平及miR-34a mRNA相对表达量与DLBCL患者化疗后血小板减少有关，各指标低表达可能是DLBCL患者化疗后血小板减少的风险因子（OR1，P0.05）；绘制ROC曲线结果显示，化疗前血清IL-11水平及miR-34a mRNA相对表达量单独及联合预测DLBCL患者化疗后血小板减少风险的AUC均0.80，预测价值均较理想，且以化疗前血清IL-11水平的cut-off值为42.094 pg/ml、miR-34a mRNA相对表达量的cut-off值为3.894时，联合预测价值最佳.血清miR-34a mRNA相对表达量与DLBCL患者化疗后血小板减少有关，可能是患者化疗后血小板减少的风险因子，对预测患者化疗后血小板减少的风险有一定价值.

In this article, we introduce a new Durrmeyer-type generalization of p , q -Szász-Mirakjan operators using the p , q -gamma function of the second kind. The moments and central moments are obtained. Then, the Voronovskaja-type asymptotic formula is investigated and point-wise estimates of these operators are studied. Also, some local approximation properties of these operators are investigated by means of modulus of continuity and Peetre K -functional. Finally, the rate of convergence and weighted approximation of these operators are presented.

Periodontitis is one of the severe oral diseases that threatens both the oral and general health of humans. It is an inflammatory disease caused by the complex interaction between the plaque microorganisms and the host immune system. The innate immune response is activated when pathogens invade the periodontium. An excessive innate immune response leads to inflammation and the destruction of periodontal tissues, which then activates the adaptive immune response. Although systemic initial therapy and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) can control periodontal inflammation to a certain extent and promote periodontal tissue regeneration, their effects are still limited. Periodontal treatment will be significantly improved if it is possible to screen the potential therapeutic targets and regulate the key molecules involved in periodontal disease; however, relevant research on the prevention and treatment of periodontitis remains limited. Thus, with the aim of assisting the immunoregulation of periodontitis, this article summarises the cells and mechanisms involved in the innate immune response and adaptive immune response caused by pathogens in the periodontium.

Assistive devices are used to reduce human effort during locomotion with increasing success. More assistance strategies are worth exploring, so we aimed to design a lightweight biarticular device with well-chosen parameters to reduce muscle effort. Based on the experience of previous success, we designed an exotendon to assist in swing leg deceleration. Then we conducted experiments to test the performance of the exotendon with different spring stiffness during walking. With the assistance of the exotendon, peak activation of semitendinosus decreased, with the largest reduction of 12.3% achieved with the highest spring stiffness (p= 0.004). The peak activations of other measured muscles were not significantly different (p= 0.15–0.92). The biological hip extension and knee flexion moments likewise significantly decreased with the spring stiffness (p< 0.01). The joint angle was altered during the assisted phases with decreased hip flexion and knee extension. Meanwhile, the step frequency and the step length were also altered, while the step width remained unaffected. Gait variability changed only in the frontal plane, exhibiting lower step width variability. We conclude that passive devices assisting hip extension and knee flexion can significantly reduce the burden on the hamstring muscles, while the kinematics is easily altered.

How to generate anthropomorphic reaching movement remains a challenging problem in service robots and human motor function repair/reconstruction equipment. However, there is no universally accepted computational model in the literature for reproducing the motion of the human upper limb. In response to the problem, this article presents a computational framework for generating reaching movement endowed with human motion characteristics that imitated the mechanism in the control and realization of human upper limb motions. This article first establishes the experimental paradigm of human upper limb functional movements and proposes the characterization of human upper limb movement characteristics and feature movement clustering methods in the joint space. Then, according to the specific task requirements of the upper limb, combined with the human sensorimotor model, the estimation method of the human upper limb natural postures was established. Next, a continuous task parametric model matching the characteristic motion class is established by using the Gaussian mixture regression method. The anthropomorphic motion generation method with the characteristics of the smooth trajectory and the ability of natural obstacle avoidance is proposed. Finally, the anthropomorphic motion generation method proposed in this article is verified by a human-like robot. The measurement index of the human-likeness degree of the trajectory is given. The experimental results show that for all four tested tasks, the human-likeness degrees were greater than 90.8%, and the trajectories' jerk generated by this method is very similar to the trajectories' jerk of humans, which validates the proposed method.

Background: Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare genetic syndrome with a characteristic “elfin” facial gestalt. The “elfin” facial characteristics include a broad forehead, periorbital puffiness, flat nasal bridge, short upturned nose, wide mouth, thick lips, and pointed chin. Recently, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been successfully applied to facial recognition for diagnosing genetic syndromes. However, there is little research on WBS facial recognition using deep CNNs.Objective: The purpose of this study was to construct an automatic facial recognition model for WBS diagnosis based on deep CNNs.Methods: The study enrolled 104 WBS children, 91 cases with other genetic syndromes, and 145 healthy children. The photo dataset used only one frontal facial photo from each participant. Five face recognition frameworks for WBS were constructed by adopting the VGG-16, VGG-19, ResNet-18, ResNet-34, and MobileNet-V2 architectures, respectively. ImageNet transfer learning was used to avoid over-fitting. The classification performance of the facial recognition models was assessed by five-fold cross validation, and comparison with human experts was performed.Results: The five face recognition frameworks for WBS were constructed. The VGG-19 model achieved the best performance. The accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and area under curve (AUC) of the VGG-19 model were 92.7 ± 1.3%, 94.0 ± 5.6%, 81.7 ± 3.6%, 87.2 ± 2.0%, and 89.6 ± 1.3%, respectively. The highest accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC of human experts were 82.1, 65.9, 85.6, 74.5, and 83.0%, respectively. The AUCs of each human expert were inferior to the AUCs of the VGG-16 (88.6 ± 3.5%), VGG-19 (89.6 ± 1.3%), ResNet-18 (83.6 ± 8.2%), and ResNet-34 (86.3 ± 4.9%) models.Conclusions: This study highlighted the possibility of using deep CNNs for diagnosing WBS in clinical practice. The facial recognition framework based on VGG-19 could play a prominent role in WBS diagnosis. Transfer learning technology can help to construct facial recognition models of genetic syndromes with small-scale datasets.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key mediators of posttranscriptional gene silencing in both pathogenic and pathological aspects of ischemic stroke biology. Therefore, the purpose of present study was to explore the effect of microRNA-199b-3p (miR-199b-3p) on the cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) in middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion (MCAO-R) mice by regulating MAPK/ERK/EGR1 axis. Mice were used to establish MCAO-R models and to measure the expression of miR-199b-3p and the MAPK/ERK/EGR1 axis-related genes. CMECs were extracted from the MCAO-R mice. A series of mimic or inhibitor for miR-199b-3p, or U0126 (an inhibitor for the MAPK/ERK/EGR1 axis) were introduced to treat these CMECs. The levels of miR-199b-3p and MAPK/ERK/EGR1 axis-related genes in tissues and cells were detected. The effects miR-199b-3p on the process of CMECs, including cell viability, cell cycle and cell apoptosis were evaluated. miR-199b-3p expressed poorly in the brain tissues after MCAO-R, along with activated MAPK/ERK/EGR1 axis and increased CMECs apoptosis. CMECs transfected with miR-199b-3p mimics and U0126 manifested with increased cell viability, more cells arrested at the S stage, and inhibited apoptosis of CMECs. In conclusion, these key results demonstrated up-regulated miR-199b-3p could protect mice against ischemic stroke by inhibiting the apoptosis of CMECs through blockade of MAPK/ERK/EGR1 axis.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an amniotic membrane lacrimal stent in the treatment of dry eye syndrome in a perimenopausal rabbit model. In total, 48 healthy female rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (12 rabbits/group): Group A, sham-operated group; group B, negative control group; group C, sham-implantation group; and group D, implantation with amniotic membrane lacrimal stents. A Schirmer I test (SIT), corneal fluorescein staining, optical coherence tomography angiography and corneal confocal microscopy were conducted and the biomechanical properties of the amniotic membrane were measured prior to and 2, 4 and 6 weeks after the operations. There were marked differences in the amount of tear secretion and the SIT following the operation compared with prior to the operation. The amount of tear secretion of group B and C was significantly reduced (F=8.894; P=0.0017). Compared with groups A, B and C, group D demonstrated a significant increase in the amount of tear secretion and a significant reduction in SIT (P0.05). The cornea epithelial of groups A and D was significantly thinner compared with groups B and C. The superior part [superior temporal (ST)5, superior (S)5, superior nasal (SN)5, ST6, S6 and SN6] was significantly thinner compared with the central part of the cornea epithelium. The corneal epithelia of all groups were thin in the center and thick at the edge. At 6 weeks after the operation, group D exhibited a markedly decreased number of anterior stromal luminescent cells, compared with groups A, B and C. Furthermore, the bending degree of corneal stromal neural trunks was significantly improved, and the density, branches and curvature of corneal epithelium sub-basal nerves ameliorated to a certain extent (P

In order to solve the problem of poor real-time performance and low accuracy of a single detection target of common driver fatigue driving detection method based on facial features in practical applications, a fatigue driving detection method based on lightweight convolutional neural network is proposed. First, the driver's facial feature point data set is made through MTCNN (multi task convolutional neural network). Then the data set is used to train a lightweight convolutional neural network to detect the accurate feature point position of the eyes and mouth. Finally, the open and close state of the driver's eyes and mouth is judged based on the feature point coordinates. According to the open and closed state of the eyes and mouth of the continuous multi-frame image, the driver is judged to be in the state of fatigue. The experimental results show that the processing time of the single frame image by the algorithm is 23.3 millisecond; the single detection accuracy is up to 99.4%, and the detection accuracy of fatigue driving can reach 95%. The algorithm is better real-time performance and higher accuracy, so it has certain engineering significance and application prospects.

The diesel particulate filter (DPF) is one of the necessary devices required for diesel engines to meet the National Ⅵ emission standards. In this study, its function is tested in bench experiments, showing that the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the regeneration of DPF assisted by the oxidized catalytic converter (DOC) is significantly increased. The "calculation guide of air pollutant emission for road vehicles" formulated in 2014 did not take into account the impact of the DPF regeneration process on VOCs emission. The tail gas of the DPF regeneration process of the National Ⅵ diesel engine was collected in the bench test, and the VOCs in the exhaust gas were quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Results show that the VOC emissions in the DPF regeneration process increased significantly. The total amount of VOCs is four times that during non-regeneration, and the increase is 2419.6 μg·m

In the present paper, Kantorovich type &lambda, Bernstein operators via (p, q)-calculus are constructed, and the first and second moments and central moments of these operators are estimated in order to achieve our main results. An A-statistical convergence theorem and the rate of A-statistical convergence theorems are obtained according to some analysis methods and the definitions of A-statistical convergence, the rate of A-statistical convergence and modulus of smoothness.

You-Lan Min,1,* Ting Su,2,* Yong-Qiang Shu,3 Wen-Feng Liu,1 Ling-Long Chen,3 Wen-Qing Shi,1 Nan Jiang,2 Pei-Wen Zhu,1 Qing Yuan,1 Xiao-Wei Xu,1 Lei Ye,1 Yi Shao1 1Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Clinical Ophthalmology Institute, Nanchang 330006 Jiangxi, China; 2Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; 3Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006 Jiangxi, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: Previous studies have demonstrated that strabismus or amblyopia can result in markedly brain function and anatomical alterations. However, the differences in spontaneous brain activities of strabismus with amblyopia (SA) patients still remain unclear. This current study intended to use the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) technique to investigate the intrinsic brain activity changes in SA subjects. Patients and methods: A total of 16 patients with SA (6 males and 10 females) and 16 healthy controls (HCs; 6 males and 10 females) similarly matched in age, gender, and education status were recruited and examined with the resting-state functional MRI. The spontaneous brain activity changes were investigated using the ALFF technique. The receiver operating characteristic curve was performed to classify the mean ALFF signal values of the SA patients from HCs. The correlations between the ALFF values of distinct brain regions and the clinical manifestations in SA patients were evaluated in terms of the Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: Compared with HCs, SA patients had significantly decreased ALFF in the left cerebellum posterior lobe, left middle frontal gyrus, and bilateral thalamus. In contrast, SA patients showed increased ALFF values in the right superior frontal gyrus, right precuneus, left cuneus, and bilateral precentral gyrus. Nonetheless, there was no linear correlation between the mean ALFF values in brain regions and clinical features. Conclusion: Diverse brain regions including vision-related and motion-related areas exhibited aberrant intrinsic brain activity patterns, which imply the neuropathologic mechanisms of oculomotor disorder and vision deficit in the SA patients. Keywords: strabismus, amblyopia, functional MRI, ALFF, spontaneous brain activity

We conducted an investigation of Borrelia miyamotoi infections in humans and ticks in northeastern China. Of 984 patients reporting recent tick bites, 14 (1.4%) were found to be infected with B. miyamotoi by PCR and genomic sequencing. The 14 patients had nonspecific febrile manifestations, including fever, headache, anorexia, asthenia, and arthralgia. Rash, eschar, and regional lymphadenopathy were each observed in 1 patient. Four (28.6%) patients were hospitalized because of severe disease. B. miyamotoi was detected in 3.0% (19/627) of Ixodes persulcatus, 1 (2.8%) of 36 Haemaphysalis concinna, and none of 29 Dermacentor silvarum ticks. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of a nearly entire 16s rRNA gene, a partial flagellin gene, and the glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase gene revealed that B. miyamotoi identified in patients and ticks were clustered in the group of the Siberian type. These findings indicate that B. miyamotoi is endemic in northeastern China and its public health significance deserves further investigation.

In this paper, we construct a bivariate tensor product generalization of Kantorovich-type Bernstein-Stancu-Schurer operators based on the concept of ( p , q ) $(p, q)$ -integers. We obtain moments and central moments of these operators, give the rate of convergence by using the complete modulus of continuity for the bivariate case and estimate a convergence theorem for the Lipschitz continuous functions. We also give some graphs and numerical examples to illustrate the convergence properties of these operators to certain functions.

Objective To investigate the potential regional homogeneity (ReHo) brain activity changes in patients with corneal ulcer (CU) and their possible relationship with clinical symptoms. Materials and Methods Forty patients with CU (26 men and 14 women), and 40 healthy controls (HCs) (26 men and 14 women) closely matched in age, sex, and weight underwent resting-state functional MRI scans, respectively. The ReHo method was applied to evaluate synchronous neural activity changes. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to show high test-retest stability and high degree of sensitivity and specificity. We utilized the correlation analysis to calculate the relationship between the average ReHo signal values in different brain areas and the clinical symptoms in CU patients. Results Compared with the HCs, CU patients had significantly increased ReHo values in right cerebellum posterior lobe, left cerebellum posterior lobe, left inferior temporal gyrus, right lingual gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left angular gyrus, left cingulate gyrus, right angular gyrus and bilateral superior frontal gyrus, and decreased ReHo values in right anterior cingulate and left precentral gyrus. ROC curve analysis of each brain regions showed the accuracy of AUC was perfect except the right cerebellum posterior lobe. Nevertheless, there was no clear evidence of prominent relevance between the average ReHo values in brain areas and the clinical symptoms. Conclusion Corneal ulcer caused dysfunctional adaption in different brain areas, which including relatively increased values and decreased values. This finding may help us take a further step in exploring the underlying pathologic mechanisms of CU.

BackgroundWe know little about the pathogenesis and diagnosis of retinal detachment.PurposeTo assess spontaneous changes in the cerebral cortex of patients with retinal detachment using voxel-based morphometry and to explore the relationship between retinal detachment and clinical behavioral performance.Material and MethodsPatients (14 men, 6 women; average age = 49.15 ± 10.32 years) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (duration of 24.05 ± 19.61 days) and 20 matched healthy controls were recruited. All participants underwent repeated functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. The original three-dimensional T1 brain images were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry and whole brain white matter volume and whole brain gray matter volume were compared with those of the control group. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to classify the mean gray matter volume values of the patients with retinal detachment compared with the controls.ResultsCompared with the controls, whole brain gray matter volume was significantly reduced in patients with retinal detachment, as evidenced by changes in the right inferior frontal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, right anterior cingulate gyrus, and right cuneus. In addition, the posterior lobe of the cerebellum, left hippocampus, left cingulate gyrus, and left middle temporal gyrus were also obviously atrophied. Furthermore, whole brain white matter volume of the patients with retinal detachment showed a slight reduction. The ROC curve analysis of each brain region showed that the accuracy of the area under the curve was high.ConclusionWe proved that patients with retinal detachment had unusual changes in the gray matter volume and white matter volume in vision-related brain regions, which could reveal potential pathological mechanisms of retinal detachment.

BackgroundCorneal ulcer (CU) is the second ocular disease leading to blindness. Millions of people around the world suffer from CU. However, the relationship between CU and altered functional conne...

In this note, we provide a semigroup viewpoint for Bernstein-type operators. A main ingredient of our approach is to obtain some explicit semigroup representation formulae, which, as simple forms, are proposed for the fist time. As direct applications, we improve the corresponding results of De La Cal and Luquin (1992; 1994). Moreover, some kinds of Voronovskaja-type results are made by using general semigroup expansion. In the end, we discuss corresponding generalizations of integral operators with some examples of hybrid Durrmeyer type operators.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the most important virus as the cause of liver disease in China. The aim of the present study was to explore whether sofosbuvir and ribavirin-based treatment can cure patients with chronic hepatitis C in eastern China. We examined a cohort of HCV-monoinfected patients and 9 patients agreed to participate in our treatment and research. The patients were diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C with or without cirrhosis. Nine patients including 4 female and 5 male met the requirements for selection and were willing to participate in this experiment. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin-based treatment with or without interferon was given to the patients. Viral loads, cytokines, and chemokines were recorded during treatment and after treatment. After 2 weeks of sofosbuvir and ribavirin-based treatment, the viral load of patients decreased to limits of detection. Eight patients were cured. Patients had rapid virological response (RVR) with undetectable viral load at week 4 and sustained virological response (SVR). The interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) decreased after the treatment. However, the patient with cirrhosis failed, as the virus reappeared during SVR4. At the same time, the IP-10 dramatically increased as the relapse of the HCV virus. In summary, the IP-10 has the potential to be the biomarker for the prognostic of HCV.