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12. WHO global research priorities for antimicrobial resistance in human health

Author

Aanensen, David, Alanio, Alexandre, Alastruey-Izquierdo, Ana, Alemayehu, Tinsae, Al-Hasan, Majdi, Allegaert, Karel, Al-Maani, Amal Saif, Al-Salman, Jameela, Alshukairi, Abeer Nizar, Amir, Afreenish, Applegate, Tanya, Araj, George F, Villalobos, Marlen Arce, Årdal, Christine, Ashiru-Oredope, Diane, Ashley, Elizabeth A, Babin, François-Xavier, Bachmann, Laura H, Bachmann, Till, Baker, Kate Susan, Balasegaram, Manica, Bamford, Colleen, Baquero, Fernando, Barcelona, Laura Isabel, Bassat, Quique, Bassetti, Matteo, Basu, Sulagna, Beardsley, Justin, Vásquez, Grey Benoit, Berkley, James A, Bhatnagar, Anuj K, Bielicki, Julia, Bines, Julie, Bongomin, Felix, Bonomo, Robert A, Bradley, John S, Bradshaw, Catriona, Brett, Ana, Brink, Adrian, Brown, Colin, Brown, Jeremy, Buising, Kirsty, Carson, Carolee, Carvalho, Anna Cristina, Castagnola, Elio, Cavaleri, Marco, Cecchini, Michele, Chabala, Chishala, Chaisson, Richard E, Chakrabarti, Arunaloke, Chandler, Clare, Chandy, Sujith John, Charani, Esmita, Chen, Lisa, Chiara, Francesca, Chowdhary, Anuradha, Chua, Arlene, Chuki, Pem, Chun, Doo Ryeon, Churchyard, Gavin, Cirillo, Daniela, Clack, Lauren, Coffin, Susan E, Cohn, Jennifer, Cole, Michelle, Conly, John, Cooper, Ben, Corso, Alejandra, Cosgrove, Sara E, Cox, Helen, Daley, Charles L, Darboe, Saffiatou, Darton, Tom, Davies, Gerry, de Egea, Viviana, Dedeić-Ljubović, Amela, Deeves, Miranda, Denkinger, Claudia, Dillon, Jo-Anne R, Dramowski, Angela, Eley, Brian, Roberta Esposito, Susanna Maria, Essack, Sabiha Y, Farida, Helmia, Farooqi, Joveria, Feasey, Nicholas, Ferreyra, Cecilia, Fifer, Helen, Finlayson, Heather, Frick, Mike, Gales, Ana Cristina, Galli, Luisa, Gandra, Sumanth, Gerber, Jeffrey S, Giske, Christian, Gordon, Bruce, Govender, Nelesh, Guessennd, Nathalie, Guindo, Ibrehima, Gurbanova, Elmira, Gwee, Amanda, Hagen, Ferry, Harbarth, Stephan, Haze, John, Heim, Jutta, Hendriksen, Rene, Heyderman, Robert Simon, Holt, Kathryn Elizabeth, Hönigl, Martin, Hook, Edward W, Hope, William, Hopkins, Heidi, Hughes, Gwenda, Ismail, Ghada, Issack, Mohammad Iqbal, Jacobs, Jan, Jasovský, Dušan, Jehan, Fyeza, Pearson, Antonieta Jimenez, Jones, Makoto, Joshi, Mohan P, Kapil, Arti, Kariuki, Samuel, Karkey, Abhilasha, Kearns, Gregory L, Keddy, Karen Helena, Khanna, Nina, Kitamura, Akiko, Kolho, Kaija-Leena, Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P, Kotwani, Anita, Kozlov, Roman S, Kranzer, Katharina, Kularatne, Ranmini, Lahra, Monica M, Langford, Bradley J, Laniado-Laborin, Rafael, Larsson, Joakim, Lass-Flörl, Cornelia, Le Doare, Kirsty, Lee, Hyukmin, Lessa, Fernanda, Levin, Anna S, Limmathurotsakul, Direk, Lincopan, Nilton, Lo Vecchio, Andrea, Lodha, Rakesh, Loeb, Mark, Longtin, Yves, Lye, David Chien, Mahmud, Asif Mujtaba, Manaia, Célia, Manderson, Lenore, Mareković, Ivana, Marimuthu, Kalisvar, Martin, Irene, Mashe, Tapfumanei, Mei, Zeng, Meis, Jacques F, Lyra Tavares De Melo, Flávio Augusto, Mendelson, Marc, Miranda, Angelica Espinosa, Moore, David, Morel, Chantal, Moremi, Nyambura, Moro, Maria Luisa, Moussy, Francis, Mshana, Stephen, Mueller, Arno, Ndow, Francis J, Nicol, Mark, Nunn, Andrew, Obaro, Stephen, Obiero, Christina W, Okeke, Iruka N, Okomo, Uduak, Okwor, Tochi J, Oladele, Rita, Omulo, Sylvia, Ondoa, Pascale, Ortellado de Canese, Juana Medarda, Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis, Padoveze, Maria Clara, Pai, Madhukar, Park, Benjamin, Parkhill, Julian, Parry, Christopher M, Peeling, Rosanna, Sobreira Vieira Peixe, Luísa Maria, Perovic, Olga, Pettigrew, Melinda M, Principi, Nicola, Pulcini, Céline, Puspandari, Nelly, Rawson, Timothy, Reddy, Denasha Lavanya, Reddy, Kessendri, Redner, Paulo, Rodríguez Tudela, Juan Luis, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Van Katwyk, Susan Rogers, Roilides, Emmanuel, Rollier, Christine, Rollock, Leslie, Ronat, Jean-Baptiste, Ruppe, Etienne, Sadarangani, Manish, Salisbury, David, Salou, Mounerou, Samison, Luc Hervé, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Sartelli, Massimo, Schellack, Natalie, Schouten, Jeroen, Schwaber, Mitchell J, Seni, Jeremiah, Senok, Abiola, Shafer, William M, Shakoor, Sadia, Sheppard, Donald, Shin, Jong-Hee, Sia, Sonia, Sievert, Dawn, Singh, Ishwar, Singla, Rupak, Skov, Robert Leo, Soge, Olusegun O, Sprute, Rosanne, Srinivasan, Arjun, Srinivasan, Subasree, Sundsfjord, Arnfinn, Tacconelli, Evelina, Tahseen, Sabira, Tangcharoensathien, Viroj, Tängdén, Thomas, Thursky, Karin, Thwaites, Guy, Tigulini de Souza Peral, Renata, Tong, Deborah, Tootla, Hafsah Deepa, Tsioutis, Constantinos, Turner, Katy M, Turner, Paul, Omar, Shaheed Vally, van de Sande, Wendy WJ, van den Hof, Susan, van Doorn, Rogier, Veeraraghavan, Balaji, Verweij, Paul, Wahyuningsih, Retno, Wang, Hui, Warris, Adilia, Weinstock, Hillard, Wesangula, Evelyn, Whiley, David, White, Peter J, Williams, Phoebe, Xiao, Yonghong, Moscoso, Martin Yagui, Yang, Hsu Li, Yoshida, Sachiyo, Yu, Yunsong, Żabicka, Dorota, Zignol, Matteo, Rudan, Igor, Bertagnolio, Silvia, Dobreva, Zlatina, Centner, Chad M, Olaru, Ioana Diana, Donà, Daniele, Burzo, Stefano, Huttner, Benedikt D, Chaillon, Antoine, Gebreselassie, Nebiat, Wi, Teodora, Hasso-Agopsowicz, Mateusz, Allegranzi, Benedetta, Sati, Hatim, Ivanovska, Verica, Kothari, Kavita U, Balkhy, Hanan H, Cassini, Alessandro, Hamers, Raph L, and Weezenbeek, Kitty Van

Published
2024
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15. Pathogenic germline variants in non-BRCA1/2 homologous recombination genes in ovarian cancer: Analysis of tumor phenotype and survival

Author

Kahn, Ryan M., Selenica, Pier, Boerner, Thomas, Long Roche, Kara, Xiao, Yonghong, Sia, Tiffany Y., Maio, Anna, Kemel, Yelena, Sheehan, Margaret, Salo-Mullen, Erin, Breen, Kelsey E., Zhou, Qin, Iasonos, Alexia, Grisham, Rachel N., O’Cearbhaill, Roisin E., Chi, Dennis S., Berger, Michael F., Kundra, Ritika, Schultz, Nikolaus, Ellenson, Lora H., Stadler, Zsofia K., Offit, Kenneth, Mandelker, Diana, Aghajanian, Carol, Zamarin, Dmitriy, Sabbatini, Paul, Weigelt, Britta, and Liu, Ying L.

Published
2024
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16. The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global antimicrobial and biocide resistance: an AMR Insights global perspective

Author

Ansari, Shamshul, Hays, John P, Kemp, Andrew, Okechukwu, Raymond, Murugaiyan, Jayaseelan, Ekwanzala, Mutshiene Deogratias, Ruiz Alvarez, Maria Josefina, Paul-Satyaseela, Maneesh, Iwu, Chidozie Declan, Balleste-Delpierre, Clara, Septimus, Ed, Mugisha, Lawrence, Fadare, Joseph, Chaudhuri, Susmita, Chibabhai, Vindana, Wadanamby, JM Rohini WW, Daoud, Ziad, Xiao, Yonghong, Parkunan, Thulasiraman, Khalaf, Yara, M’Ikanatha, Nkuchia M, van Dongen, Maarten BM, Barkema, Herman W, Strathdee, Steffanie, Benyeogor, Emmanuel, Ighodalo, Uzairue Leonard, Prasad, Kurcheti Pani, M, Carlos, Gu, Yoshiaki, Essack, Sabiha, de Silva, Dilan, Vellinga, Akke, Mommtaz Ghannam, Wagih, Tsoho, Najib Auwal, Sakeena, MHF, Ilenwabor, Rhoda, Shetty, Dhanuraj Raj, Ayebare, Arnold, Traore, Zoumana Isaac, Henry, Ola, Kiran, Amritanjali, Toro, Luisa Fernanda, Smail, Adil, Amulele, Anne, Founou, Luria Leslie, Sawant, Prathamesh S, Buregyeya, Esther, Castro-Sanchez, Enrique, Moreno-Morales, Javier, Izadjoo, Mina, Gori, Andrea, Goff, Debra, Blocker, Arielle, Forte, Giovanna, Tahir, Muhammad Farooq, Diggle, Mathew, Chakraborty, Dipanjan, Asamoah, Anita E, and Aberi, Humphrey

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Prevention, Biodefense, Vaccine Related, Infectious Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Global AMR Insights Ambassador Network, Clinical sciences, Medical microbiology, Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic presents a serious public health challenge in all countries. However, repercussions of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections on future global health are still being investigated, including the pandemic's potential effect on the emergence and spread of global antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Critically ill COVID-19 patients may develop severe complications, which may predispose patients to infection with nosocomial bacterial and/or fungal pathogens, requiring the extensive use of antibiotics. However, antibiotics may also be inappropriately used in milder cases of COVID-19 infection. Further, concerns such as increased biocide use, antimicrobial stewardship/infection control, AMR awareness, the need for diagnostics (including rapid and point-of-care diagnostics) and the usefulness of vaccination could all be components shaping the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this publication, the authors present a brief overview of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated issues that could influence the pandemic's effect on global AMR.

Published
2021

27. It is time to define an organizational model for the prevention and management of infections along the surgical pathway: a worldwide cross-sectional survey

Author

Sartelli, Massimo, Labricciosa, Francesco M., Coccolini, Federico, Coimbra, Raul, Abu-Zidan, Fikri M., Ansaloni, Luca, Al-Hasan, Majdi N., Ansari, Shamshul, Barie, Philip S., Caínzos, Miguel Angel, Ceresoli, Marco, Chiarugi, Massimo, Claridge, Jeffrey A., Cicuttin, Enrico, Dellinger, Evan Patchen, Fry, Donald E., Guirao, Xavier, Hardcastle, Timothy Craig, Hecker, Andreas, Leppäniemi, Ari K., Litvin, Andrey, Marwah, Sanjay, Maseda, Emilio, Mazuski, John E., Memish, Ziad Ahmed, Kirkpatrick, Andrew W., Pagani, Leonardo, Podda, Mauro, Rasa, Huseyin Kemal, Sakakushev, Boris E., Sawyer, Robert G., Tumietto, Fabio, Xiao, Yonghong, Aboubreeg, Wedad Faraj, Adamou, Harissou, Akhmeteli, Lali, Akin, Emrah, Alberio, Maria Grazia, Alconchel, Felipe, Magagi, Ibrahim Amadou, Araúz, Ana Belén, Argenio, Giulio, Atanasov, Boyko C., Atici, Semra Demirli, Awad, Selmy Sabry, Baili, Efstratia, Bains, Lovenish, Bala, Miklosh, Baraket, Oussama, Baral, Suman, Belskii, Vladislav A., Benboubker, Moussa, Ben-Ishay, Offir, Bordoni, Pierpaolo, Boumédiène, Abdalia, Brisinda, Giuseppe, Cavazzuti, Laura, Chandy, Sujith J., Chiarello, Maria Michela, Cillara, Nicola, Clarizia, Guglielmo, Cocuz, Maria-Elena, Cocuz, Iuliu Gabriel, Conti, Luigi, Coppola, Raffaella, Cui, Yunfeng, Czepiel, Jacek, D’Acapito, Fabrizio, Damaskos, Dimitrios, Das, Koray, De Simone, Belinda, Delibegovic, Samir, Demetrashvili, Zaza, Detanac, Dzemail S., Dhingra, Sameer, Di Bella, Stefano, Dimitrov, Evgeni N., Dogjani, Agron, D’Oria, Mario, Dumitru, Irina Magdalena, Elmangory, Mutasim M., Enciu, Octavian, Fantoni, Massimo, Filipescu, Daniela, Fleres, Francesco, Foghetti, Domitilla, Fransvea, Pietro, Gachabayov, Mahir, Galeiras, Rita, Gattuso, Gianni, Ghannam, Wagih M., Ghisetti, Valeria, Giraudo, Giorgio, Gonfa, Kebebe Bekele, Gonullu, Emre, Hamad, Yousif Tag Elsir Y., Hecker, Matthias, Isik, Arda, Ismail, Nizar, Ismail, Azzain, Jain, Sumita Agarwal, Kanj, Souha S., Kapoor, Garima, Karaiskos, Ilias, Kavalakat, Alfie J., Kenig, Jakub, Khamis, Faryal, Khokha, Vladimir, Kiguba, Ronald, Kim, Jae Il, Kobe, Yoshiro, Kok, Kenneth Yuh Yen, Kovacevic, Bojan M., Kryvoruchko, Igor Andreevich, Kuriyama, Akira, Landaluce-Olavarria, Aitor, Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos, Lohsiriwat, Varut, Lostoridis, Eftychios, Luppi, Davide, Vega, Gustavo Miguel Machain, Maegele, Marc, Marinis, Athanasios, Martines, Gennaro, Martínez-Pérez, Aleix, Massalou, Damien, Mesina, Cristian, Metan, Gökhan, Miranda-Novales, María Guadalupe, Mishra, Shyam Kumar, Mohamed, Mohaned Ibrahim Hussein, Mohamedahmed, Ali Yasen Y., Mora-Guzmán, Ismael, Mulita, Francesk, Musina, Ana-Maria, Navsaria, Pradeep H., Negoi, Ionut, Nita, Gabriela Elisa, O’Connor, Donal B., Ordoñez, Carlos Alberto, Pantalone, Desiré, Panyko, Arpád, Papadopoulos, Aristeidis, Pararas, Nikolaos, Pata, Francesco, Patel, Tapan, Pellino, Gianluca, Perra, Teresa, Perrone, Gennaro, Pesce, Antonio, Pintar, Tadeja, Popivanov, Georgi Ivanov, Porcu, Alberto, Quiodettis, Martha Alexa, Rahim, Razrim, Mitul, Ashrarur Rahman, Reichert, Martin, Rems, Miran, Campbell, Glendee Yolande Reynolds, Rocha-Pereira, Nuno, Rodrigues, Gabriel, Villamil, Gustavo Eduardo Roncancio, Rossi, Stefano, Sall, Ibrahima, Kafil, Hossein Samadi, Sasia, Diego, Seni, Jeremiah, Seretis, Charalampos, Serradilla-Martín, Mario, Shelat, Vishal G., Siribumrungwong, Boonying, Slavchev, Mihail, Solaini, Leonardo, Tan, Boun Kim, Tarasconi, Antonio, Tartaglia, Dario, Toma, Elena Adelina, Tomadze, Gia, Toro, Adriana, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, van Goor, Harry, Vasilescu, Alin, Vereczkei, Andras, Veroux, Massimiliano, Weckmann, Sergio Alberto, Widmer, Lukas Werner, Yahya, AliIbrahim, Zachariah, Sanoop K., Zakaria, Andee Dzulkarnaen, Zubareva, Nadezhda, Zuidema, Wietse P., Di Carlo, Isidoro, Cortese, Francesco, Baiocchi, Gian Luca, Maier, Ronald V., and Catena, Fausto

Published
2022
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29. Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in The Cancer Genome Atlas

Author

Sanchez-Vega, Francisco, Mina, Marco, Armenia, Joshua, Chatila, Walid K, Luna, Augustin, La, Konnor C, Dimitriadoy, Sofia, Liu, David L, Kantheti, Havish S, Saghafinia, Sadegh, Chakravarty, Debyani, Daian, Foysal, Gao, Qingsong, Bailey, Matthew H, Liang, Wen-Wei, Foltz, Steven M, Shmulevich, Ilya, Ding, Li, Heins, Zachary, Ochoa, Angelica, Gross, Benjamin, Gao, Jianjiong, Zhang, Hongxin, Kundra, Ritika, Kandoth, Cyriac, Bahceci, Istemi, Dervishi, Leonard, Dogrusoz, Ugur, Zhou, Wanding, Shen, Hui, Laird, Peter W, Way, Gregory P, Greene, Casey S, Liang, Han, Xiao, Yonghong, Wang, Chen, Iavarone, Antonio, Berger, Alice H, Bivona, Trever G, Lazar, Alexander J, Hammer, Gary D, Giordano, Thomas, Kwong, Lawrence N, McArthur, Grant, Huang, Chenfei, Tward, Aaron D, Frederick, Mitchell J, McCormick, Frank, Meyerson, Matthew, Network, The Cancer Genome Atlas Research, Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J, Demchok, John A, Felau, Ina, Kasapi, Melpomeni, Ferguson, Martin L, Hutter, Carolyn M, Sofia, Heidi J, Tarnuzzer, Roy, Wang, Zhining, Yang, Liming, Zenklusen, Jean C, Zhang, Jiashan, Chudamani, Sudha, Liu, Jia, Lolla, Laxmi, Naresh, Rashi, Pihl, Todd, Sun, Qiang, Wan, Yunhu, Wu, Ye, Cho, Juok, DeFreitas, Timothy, Frazer, Scott, Gehlenborg, Nils, Getz, Gad, Heiman, David I, Kim, Jaegil, Lawrence, Michael S, Lin, Pei, Meier, Sam, Noble, Michael S, Saksena, Gordon, Voet, Doug, Zhang, Hailei, Bernard, Brady, Chambwe, Nyasha, Dhankani, Varsha, Knijnenburg, Theo, Kramer, Roger, Leinonen, Kalle, Liu, Yuexin, Miller, Michael, Reynolds, Sheila, Thorsson, Vesteinn, Zhang, Wei, Akbani, Rehan, Broom, Bradley M, Hegde, Apurva M, and Ju, Zhenlin

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Genomics, Human Genome, Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Good Health and Well Being, Databases, Genetic, Genes, Neoplasm, Humans, Neoplasms, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Signal Transduction, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Wnt Proteins, Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, PanCanAtlas, TCGA, cancer genome atlas, cancer genomics, combination therapy, pan-cancer, precision oncology, signaling pathways, therapeutics, whole exome sequencing, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Genetic alterations in signaling pathways that control cell-cycle progression, apoptosis, and cell growth are common hallmarks of cancer, but the extent, mechanisms, and co-occurrence of alterations in these pathways differ between individual tumors and tumor types. Using mutations, copy-number changes, mRNA expression, gene fusions and DNA methylation in 9,125 tumors profiled by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we analyzed the mechanisms and patterns of somatic alterations in ten canonical pathways: cell cycle, Hippo, Myc, Notch, Nrf2, PI-3-Kinase/Akt, RTK-RAS, TGFβ signaling, p53 and β-catenin/Wnt. We charted the detailed landscape of pathway alterations in 33 cancer types, stratified into 64 subtypes, and identified patterns of co-occurrence and mutual exclusivity. Eighty-nine percent of tumors had at least one driver alteration in these pathways, and 57% percent of tumors had at least one alteration potentially targetable by currently available drugs. Thirty percent of tumors had multiple targetable alterations, indicating opportunities for combination therapy.

Published
2018

30. Genomic and Molecular Landscape of DNA Damage Repair Deficiency across The Cancer Genome Atlas.

Author

Knijnenburg, Theo A, Wang, Linghua, Zimmermann, Michael T, Chambwe, Nyasha, Gao, Galen F, Cherniack, Andrew D, Fan, Huihui, Shen, Hui, Way, Gregory P, Greene, Casey S, Liu, Yuexin, Akbani, Rehan, Feng, Bin, Donehower, Lawrence A, Miller, Chase, Shen, Yang, Karimi, Mostafa, Chen, Haoran, Kim, Pora, Jia, Peilin, Shinbrot, Eve, Zhang, Shaojun, Liu, Jianfang, Hu, Hai, Bailey, Matthew H, Yau, Christina, Wolf, Denise, Zhao, Zhongming, Weinstein, John N, Li, Lei, Ding, Li, Mills, Gordon B, Laird, Peter W, Wheeler, David A, Shmulevich, Ilya, Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, Monnat, Raymond J, Xiao, Yonghong, and Wang, Chen

Subjects
Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Neoplasms, DNA Damage, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Gene Silencing, Mutation, Loss of Heterozygosity, Genome, Human, Recombinational DNA Repair, Machine Learning, DNA damage footprints, DNA damage repair, The Cancer Genome Atlas PanCanAtlas project, epigenetic silencing, integrative statistical analysis, mutational signatures, protein structure analysis, somatic copy-number alterations, somatic mutations, Human Genome, Genetic Testing, Genetics, Biotechnology, Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Physiology
Abstract

DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways modulate cancer risk, progression, and therapeutic response. We systematically analyzed somatic alterations to provide a comprehensive view of DDR deficiency across 33 cancer types. Mutations with accompanying loss of heterozygosity were observed in over 1/3 of DDR genes, including TP53 and BRCA1/2. Other prevalent alterations included epigenetic silencing of the direct repair genes EXO5, MGMT, and ALKBH3 in ∼20% of samples. Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) was present at varying frequency in many cancer types, most notably ovarian cancer. However, in contrast to ovarian cancer, HRD was associated with worse outcomes in several other cancers. Protein structure-based analyses allowed us to predict functional consequences of rare, recurrent DDR mutations. A new machine-learning-based classifier developed from gene expression data allowed us to identify alterations that phenocopy deleterious TP53 mutations. These frequent DDR gene alterations in many human cancers have functional consequences that may determine cancer progression and guide therapy.

Published
2018

36. Down-regulation of calreticulin promotes apoptosis in hepatic stellate cells

Author

DAI Linyu, YAN Yu, WANG Luguang, and XIAO Yonghong

Subjects
hepatic stellate cells, calreticulin, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of calreticulin (CALR) down-regulation on apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Methods Small interfering RNA (siRNA) of CALR was transfected into HSC via liposome, and pro-fibrosis factor, namely transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was subsequently added in 24 h later. Another 24 h later, the morphology of HSCs was observed under an inverted microscope, cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay, intracellular Ca2+ level was tested with a laser confocal microscope, and the expression levels of CALR, GRP78, Caspase-12 and Caspase-3 were determined using Western blotting. Results As compared with the control and negative-siRNA group, the apoptotic rate was significantly higher (P < 0.05), and the concentration of Ca2+ and protein levels of GRP78, Caspase-12 and Caspase-3 were all increased (P < 0.05) in the CALR-siRNA group. However, TGF-β1 treatment for 24 h decreased the number of apoptotic cells, concentration of Ca2+ and expression levels of above proteins when compared with the CALR-siRNA group. Conclusion Down-regulation of CALR promotes apoptosis of HSCs, which may be related to the imbalance of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and activation of the ERS pathway.

Published
2021
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44. Novel Subclone of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 11 with Enhanced Virulence and Transmissibility, China

Author

Zhou, Kai, Xiao, Tingting, David, Sophia, Wang, Qin, Zhou, Yanzi, Guo, Lihua, Aanensen, David, Holt, Kathryn E., Thomson, Nicholas R., Grundmann, Hajo, Shen, Ping, and Xiao, Yonghong

Subjects
Mortality -- China, Imipenem -- Health aspects, Pneumonia -- Health aspects, Tigecycline -- Health aspects, Phylogeny -- Health aspects, Meropenem -- Health aspects, Chinese history, Genomes, Infection, Health
Abstract

The global dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has become an urgent public health concern (1,2). In 2016, the World Health Organization included CRE in a list of antimicrobial-resistant priority pathogens [...]

Published
2020
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49. Females adopt sexual catalepsy to facilitate mating.

Author

Liu, Jihe, Liu, Keke, Tang, Yu, Wang, Weihua, Xu, Xiang, Liang, Jianhui, Xiao, Yonghong, and Elgar, Mark A

Subjects
FEMALES, SPIDERS, COURTSHIP, NEUROTRANSMITTERS, HUMAN sexuality
Abstract

Theory predicts that males and females of dioecious species typically engage in an evolutionary sexual conflict over the frequency and choice of mating partner. Female sexual cannibalism, a particularly dramatic illustration of this conflict, is widespread in certain animal taxa including spiders. Nevertheless, females of some funnel weaving spiders that are generally aggressive to conspecifics enter a cataleptic state after male courtship, ensuring the males can mate without risk of attack. In this study, we demonstrated that the physical posture and duration, metabolites, and central neurotransmitters of females of Aterigena aculeata in sexual catalepsy closely resemble females in thanatosis but are distinct from those in anesthesia, indicating that the courted females feign death to eliminate the risk of potentially aggressive responses and thereby allow preferred males to mate. Unlike the taxonomically widespread thanatosis, which generally represents a deceptive visual signal that acts against the interest of the receivers, sexual catalepsy of females in the funnel weaving spiders may deliver a sexual-receptive signal to the courting males and thereby benefit both the signal senders and receivers. Therefore, sexual catalepsy in A. aculeata may not reflect a conflict but rather a confluence of interest between the sexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. An integrated nationwide genomics study reveals transmission modes of typhoid fever in China

Author

Feng, Ye, primary, Pan, Hang, additional, Zheng, Beiwen, additional, Li, Fang, additional, Teng, Lin, additional, Jiang, Zhijie, additional, Feng, Mengyao, additional, Zhou, Xiao, additional, Peng, Xianqi, additional, Xu, Xuebin, additional, Wang, Haoqiu, additional, Wu, Beibei, additional, Xiao, Yonghong, additional, Baker, Stephen, additional, Zhao, Guoping, additional, and Yue, Min, additional

Published
2023
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