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Breast neuroendocrine carcinoma (NECB) is a rare type of breast tumor. Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the breast (LCNECB) are a special and rare histological subtype of NECB. Here, we present a case of a 59-year-old woman who was diagnosed with an LCNECB. A mass in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast was revealed via imaging. A histological examination showed the tumor cells were composed of clusters of large cells with obvious atypia that were polygonal or irregularly shaped. The patient underwent a right-breast-conserving radical surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLB). A histopathological examination revealed that the tumor of the right breast was 2.5 × 2 cm in size with vascular invasion, and the sentinel lymph node was negative. The immunohistochemical results showed that the tumor cells were diffuse and positive for chromogranin A (CgA), synaptophysin (Syn), and INSM1. The patient successfully completed chemotherapy and radiotherapy and is currently undergoing endocrine therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/Background The application of immunochemotherapy has significantly enhanced the quality of life and overall survival of patients with esophageal cancer. Sarcopenia, which is increasingly prevalent in these patients, markedly affects prognosis, but can be reversed by appropriate and effective treatment. Methods The narrative review was conducted on PubMed using the keywords ("esophageal" or "esophagus" and "sarcopenia"). Results This article reviews the measurement, timing, and intervention strategies for sarcopenia in patients with esophageal cancer. It summarizes the evaluation indicators of skeletal muscle loss in these patients, analyzes the barriers to intervention for frailty among esophageal cancer patients, and proposes corresponding countermeasures. Conclusion Patients with esophageal cancer often suffer from severe sarcopenia. Clinical intervention is crucial in addressing this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At metro junction stations located in transportation hubs, a great number of passengers need to transfer to the metro system from other transportation modes during peak hours. This paper proposes a new train operation strategy—reserving carriages dynamically on each service train at the departure station for the metro junction station, which aims to relieve the serious passenger accumulation at the target station. We construct a nonlinear integer programming model which determines the number of reserved carriages on each train, and the total risk levels of passenger accumulation and passenger waiting time are both taken into account in the objective function. Furthermore, the latest arrival time of passengers on board is introduced to calculate effective passenger loading times analytically. At last, a set of numerical experiments from Beijing Metro Line 4 are implemented to verify the performance and effectiveness of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]