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Background. The effect of intensive glucose-lowering treatment on the risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes remains uncertain, especially the effect on the occurrence of myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant RCTs. Methods. We performed a systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCTS) and observational studies relevant to this study question. We searched the PubMed and Cochrane databases until June 2022. Results. We included data on 14 RCTs and 144,334 patients, all of whom had type 2 diabetes. When all studies were considered, intensive glucose-lowering treatment significantly reduced the incidence of MI compared with conventional therapy and the total OR value is 0.90 (CI 0.84, 0.97; P=0.004) when considering all the studies. When the target value of intensive glucose-lowering treatment was considered as HbA1c decrease of more than 0.5%, there was no significant protective effect on MI, the total OR value is 0.88 (CI 0.81, 0.96; P=0.003). When considering all available RCTS, the intensive glucose-lowering treatment group had a protective effect for MACE compared to the conventional treatment group, and the total OR value is 0.92 (CI 0.88, 0.96; P

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the major causes of heart failure in diabetic patients; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the development of various cardiovascular diseases, but little is known in DCM.Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the altered expression signature of lncRNAs and mRNAs by RNA-sequencing and uncovers the potential targets of DCM.Methods: A DCM rat model was established, and the genome-wide expression profile of cardiac lncRNAs and mRNAs was investigated in the rat model with and without DCM by RNA-sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis included the co-expression, competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, and functional enrichment analysis of deregulated lncRNAs and mRNAs.Results: A total of 355 lncRNA transcripts and 828 mRNA transcripts were aberrantly expressed. The ceRNA network showed that lncRNA XR_351927.3, ENSRNOT00000089581, XR_597359.2, XR_591602.2, and XR_001842089.1 are associated with the greatest number of differentially expressed mRNAs and AURKB, MELK, and CDK1 may be the potential regulatory targets of these lncRNAs. Functional analysis showed that these five lncRNAs are closely associated with fibration, cell proliferation, and energy metabolism of cardiac myocytes, indicating that these core lncRNAs have high significance in DCM.Conclusions: The present study profiled the DCM-specific lncRNAs and mRNAs, constructed the lncRNA-related ceRNA regulatory network, and identified the potential prognostic biomarkers, which provided new insights into the pathogenesis of DCM.

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The EDX spectrum of BMMP-Mn2+/Se. Fig. S2. The UV absorption spectra of DOX before and after loading. Fig. S3. (a) The color changes of the mixture of BMMP-Mn2+/Se in different pH solutions and (b) the different concentration of BMMP-Mn2+/Se at pH 5.5 solution. Fig. S3. The UV absorption spectra of different nanoparticles mixed with TMB, and H2O2 in solution. Fig. S4. (a) The flow cytometry analysis of HeLa cells treated with FITC-labeled BMMP-Mn2+/Se/DOX at different concentration. (b) The flow cytometry analysis HeLa cells treated with FITC-labeled BMMP-Mn2+/Se/DOX for different time. (c) The flow cytometry analysis for endocytosis pathway of BMMP-Mn2+/Se/DOX nanoparticles. (d) The CLSM images of HeLa cells treated with FITC-labeled BMMP-Mn2+/Se/DOX for different time, the same scale bar applies to all images. Scale bar: 20 μm. Fig. S5. The flow cytometry analysis of intracellular ROS in HeLa cells. Fig. S6. The morphology of HGF cells treated with different concentrations of BMMP-Mn2+ for 24 h. Scale bar: 100 μm. Fig. S7. The viability of (a) MCF-7 and (b) MCF-7/ADR cells treated with free DOX and BMMP-Mn2+/Se/DOX for 24 h. Fig. S8. The quantitative analysis of H2O2 in HeLa cells treated with different nanoparticles. * denotes 0.01

Objective: The effects of hydrocortisone sodium succinate on voltage-gated sodium current (I Na) were investigated by using the patch-clamp technique in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons of rat. Methods: I Na was recorded by whole-cell patch-clamp techniques after different concentrations of hydrocortisone sodium succinate were perfused in TG neurons of rat. Results: The results showed that hydrocortisone sodium succinate could inhibit I Na in concentration-dependent manner. Hydrocortisone sodium succinate 0·1, 0·3, 1, 3 μmol/l reduced I Na by 19·4±4·3, 26·7±3·9, 38·1±6·1, 69·6±5·4% respectively. The IC 50 was 1·58 μmol/l. This inhibitory effect occurred quickly (within 1 minute). However, hydrocortisone sodium succinate had no significant effect on the activation and inactivation courses of I Na. Conclusion: It is suggested that the rapid inhibition of I Na in TG neurons by hydrocortisone sodium succinate is probably related to non-genomic effect. This inhibition might participate in the ...