113 results on '"Xiangzhi Zhang"'
Search Results
2. Triptoquinone A and B exercise a therapeutic effect in systemic lupus erythematosus by regulating NLRC3
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Qinyao Xu, Xiangzhi Zhang, Shangqing Ge, Chang Xu, Yuanfan Lv, and Zongwen Shuai
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Triptoquinone ,Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) ,Oxidative stress ,Inflammation ,Apoptosis ,NLRC3 ,Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The autoimmune disorder systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is multifaceted, with limited therapeutic alternatives and detrimental side effects, particularly on bones and joints. This research endeavors to examine the curative potential and underlying mechanisms of in addressing SLE-associated bone and joint complications. Triptoquinone A and triptoquinone B, constituents of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablets (TGTs), exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory attributes; nonetheless, its function in SLE therapy remains elusive. This investigation delves into the role of oxidative stress in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and probes the prospective remedial effects of triptoquinone A and triptoquinone B on inflammation and cartilage deterioration in SLE-affected joints. Employing bioinformatics analyses, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and protein-protein interactions were discerned in SLE, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteoarthritis (OA) datasets. Enrichment analyses unveiled shared genes implicated in immune system regulation and toll-like receptor signaling pathways, among others. Subsequent examination of triptoquinone A and triptoquinone B revealed their capacity to diminish NLRC3 expression in chondrocytes, resulting in decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and cartilage degradation enzyme expression. Suppression of NLRC3 augmented the protective effects of triptoquinone A and B, implying that targeting NLRC3 may constitute a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammation and cartilage degeneration-associated conditions in SLE patients. Our discoveries indicate that triptoquinone A and triptoquinone B may impede SLE progression via the NLRC3 axis, offering potential benefits for SLE-affected bone and joint health.
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- 2023
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3. RNAi-Mediated Interference with EonuGR1 Affects the Recognition of Phenylacetaldehyde by Empoasca onukii Matsuda (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
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Ruirui Zhang, Xiaoyue Lun, Yunhe Zhao, Yu Zhang, Yan Cao, Xiangzhi Zhang, Meina Jin, Zhengqun Zhang, and Xiuxiu Xu
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Empoasca onukii Matsuda ,EonuGR1 ,RNA interference ,tea plant volatiles ,Agriculture - Abstract
Empoasca onukii Matsuda is a primary pest of the tea plant Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze that severely influences the production and quality of tea products. Gustatory receptors (GRs) are an indispensable part of the E. onukii chemosensory machinery as members of the G-protein coupled receptor family. Insect odor and gustatory receptors are consumingly sensitive and selective sensory receptors to search for foraging, mates, and spawning sites. In this study, the gustatory receptor EonuGR1 was cloned and analyzed bioinformatically, and the expression levels of EonuGR1 in diverse tissues of E. onukii were tested via qRT-PCR. The behavioral response of E. onukii to volatile compounds was determined via RNA interference and Y-tube olfactometer assays to investigate the role of EonuGR1 in the olfactory recognition of E. onukii. The coding sequence length of EonuGR1 was 1062 bp, and the length of the protein encoded by EonuGR1 was 40.52 kD. The highest interference efficiency was observed after 3 h of dsEonuGR1 treatment via root soak treatment. Moreover, the response rates to phenylacetaldehyde at concentrations of 10 and 0.1 µL/mL were significantly downregulated in E. onukii. The responses to phenylacetaldehyde at concentrations of 10 and 100 µL/mL showed a significant decrease after dsEonuGR1 treatment for 12 h in E. onukii. In conclusion, EonuGR1 was highly expressed in the abdomen and functioned in olfactory recognition of the tea plant volatile phenylacetaldehyde by E. onukii. Overall, EonuGR1 has the potential as a gene target for the design of effective control strategies against E. onukii.
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- 2023
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4. Periodic Artifacts Generation and Suppression in X-ray Ptychography
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Shilei Liu, Zijian Xu, Zhenjiang Xing, Xiangzhi Zhang, Ruoru Li, Zeping Qin, Yong Wang, and Renzhong Tai
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ptychography ,periodic artifacts ,raster-grid scan ,periodic-artifact suppressing algorithm ,static intensity separation ,probe support ,Applied optics. Photonics ,TA1501-1820 - Abstract
As a unique coherent diffraction imaging method, X-ray ptychography has an ultrahigh resolution of several nanometers for extended samples. However, ptychography is often degraded by various noises that are mixed with diffracted signals on the detector. Some of the noises can transform into periodic artifacts (PAs) in reconstructed images, which is a basic problem in raster-scan ptychography. Herein, we propose a novel periodic-artifact suppressing algorithm (PASA) and present a new understanding of PAs or raster-grid pathology generation mechanisms, which include static intensity (SI) as an important cause of PAs. The PASA employs a gradient descent scheme to iteratively separate the SI pattern from original datasets and a probe support constraint applied in the object update. Both simulative and experimental data reconstructions demonstrated the effectiveness of the new algorithm in suppressing PAs and improving ptychography resolution and indicated a better performance of the PASA method in PA removal compared to other mainstream algorithms. In the meantime, we provided a complete description of SI conception and its key role in PA generation. The present work enhances the feasibility of raster-scan ptychography and could inspire new thoughts for dealing with various noises in ptychography.
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- 2023
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5. Automatic Feedback System for X-ray Flux at BL08U1A Soft X-ray Spectromicroscopy Beamline of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility
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Chi Zhang, Haigang Liu, Chunpeng Wang, Zhi Guo, Xiangzhi Zhang, Zijian Xu, Xiangjun Zhen, Yong Wang, and Renzhong Tai
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synchrotron radiation ,beamline automation ,X-ray absorption spectroscopy ,online feedback ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
An online automatic feedback system has been successfully installed and commissioned at the BL08U1A Soft X-ray Spectromicroscopy Beamline of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, which can monitor the incident X-ray beam in real time by measuring the blade-edge signals of the exit slit and automatically adjust the elliptical cylindrical mirror parameters to achieve beam calibration and maintain the optimal X-ray flux of the sample. This work provides a comprehensive description of the hardware composition, system implementation, feedback logic, function and software design, system optimization and commission, as well as the online experimental results supported by the system. The experimental results demonstrated that the online automatic feedback system is capable of effectively maintaining the optimal X-ray beam flux for X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments. Its success can provide valuable technique assistance for the design, construction and optimization of similar systems at various beamlines in synchrotron sources in the future.
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- 2023
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6. Some invariant solutions and conservation laws of a type of long-water wave system
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Xiangzhi Zhang and Yufeng Zhang
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Similarity solution ,Conservation law ,Symmetry ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
Abstract We propose a generalized long-water wave system that reduces to the standard water wave system. We also obtain the Lax pair and symmetries of the generalized shallow-water wave system and single out some their similarity reductions, group-invariant solutions, and series solutions. We further investigate the corresponding self-adjointness and the conservation laws of the generalized system.
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- 2019
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7. New Constructed EEM Spectra Combined with N-PLS Analysis Approach as an Effective Way to Determine Multiple Target Compounds in Complex Samples
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Zeying Li, Na Feng, Xinkang Li, Yuan Lin, Xiangzhi Zhang, and Baoqiong Li
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new constructed spectra ,N-way partial least squares ,partial least squares ,quantitative analysis ,complex samples ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Excitation–emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy has been applied to many fields. In this study, a simple method was proposed to obtain the new constructed three-dimensional (3D) EEM spectra based on the original EEM spectra. Then, the application of the N-PLS method to the new constructed 3D EEM spectra was proposed to quantify target compounds in two complex data sets. The quantitative models were established on external sample sets and validated using statistical parameters. For validation purposes, the obtained results were compared with those obtained by applying the N-PLS method to the original EEM spectra and applying the PLS method to the extracted maximum spectra in the concatenated mode. The comparison of the results demonstrated that, given the advantages of less useless information and a high calculating speed of the new constructed 3D EEM spectra, N-PLS on the new constructed 3D EEM spectra obtained better quantitative analysis results with a correlation coefficient of prediction above 0.9906 and recovery values in the range of 85.6–95.6%. Therefore, one can conclude that the N-PLS method combined with the new constructed 3D EEM spectra is expected to be broadened as an alternative strategy for the simultaneous determination of multiple target compounds.
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- 2022
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8. Combination of a Novel Fusion Protein CD3εζ28 and Bispecific T Cell Engager Enhances the Persistance and Anti-Cancer Effects of T Cells
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Feng Yu, Yang Gao, Yan Wu, Anran Dai, Xiaoyan Wang, Xiangzhi Zhang, Guodong Liu, Qinggang Xu, and Dongfeng Chen
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BiTE ,CD3 ,CD28 ,costimulatory ,immunotherapy ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Bi-specific T cell engager (BiTE), an artificial bi-functional fusion protein, has shown promising therapeutic potential in preclinical and clinical studies. However, T cells cannot be sufficiently activated by BiTE, most likely due to lacking co-stimulatory signal. We reasoned that incorporating co-stimulatory signal might have the potential to enhance the T cell activation mediated by BiTE. We, therefore, designed a chimeric fusion protein, named as CD3εζ28, which consists of the CD3ε extracellular region, the CD28 costimulatory signal and the intracellular region of CD3ζ in tandem. T cells genetically modified to express both CD3εζ28 and GFP (T-CD3εζ28-GFP) were generated by retroviral transduction. The results from in vitro experiments showed that T-CD3εζCD28-GFP cells had superior cytotoxic effects on tumor cells in presence of BiTE compared with control T cells, as evidenced by IL-2 and IFN-γ production, T cell proliferation and sequential killing assay. In vivo, T-CD3εζCD28-GFP cells showed superior anti-tumor effects in Hela-BiTE. EGFRvIII xenograft tumor model, as evaluated by tumor growth rate and T cell persistence in comparison with control T cells. In order to further confirm these findings, we generated T cells modified to express both CD3εζCD28 on cell surface and BiTE.CD19 by autocrine manner (T-CD3εζCD28-BiTE.19). The superior anti-tumor effects of T-CD3εζCD28-BiTE.19 cells could also be evidenced by the similar in vitro and in vivo experiments; thus, incorporating co-stimulatory signal may be an effective approach to improve the effector function of T cells mediated by BiTE.
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- 2022
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9. Upon solutions to the transonic plane-parallel gas flows
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Yufeng Zhang, Chao Yue, and Xiangzhi Zhang
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Similarity solution ,Fractional derivative ,Nonlinear equation ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
Abstract Some similarity solutions of the time-fractional stationary transonic plane-parallel gas flows (STPPGF) and their generalized space-fractional nonlinear system are obtained by using scalar similarity transformations, including traveling-wave similarity solutions. Two approximated solution formulas of the obtained ordinary fractional differential equations for the generalized space-fractional nonlinear system are generated as well. Finally, a class of approximated solutions of the time-fractional nonlinear system of STPPGF with initial-boundary-value conditions are produced by applying the separated variable method.
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- 2019
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10. C/EBP Homologous Protein (CHOP) Activates Macrophages and Promotes Liver Fibrosis in Schistosoma japonicum-Infected Mice
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Mengyun Duan, Yuan Yang, Shuang Peng, Xiaoqin Liu, Jixin Zhong, Yurong Guo, Min Lu, Hao Nie, Boxu Ren, Xiangzhi Zhang, and Lian Liu
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding homologous protein (CHOP), a transcriptional regulator induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) is a pivotal factor in the ER stress-mediated apoptosis pathway. Previous studies have shown that CHOP is involved in the formation of fibrosis in a variety of tissues and is associated with alternative macrophage activation. The role of CHOP in the pathologic effects of liver fibrosis in schistosomiasis has not been reported, and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study is aimed at understanding the effect of CHOP on liver fibrosis induced by Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) in vivo and clarifying its mechanism. C57BL/6 mice were infected with cercariae of S. japonicum through the abdominal skin. The liver fibrosis was examined. The level of IL-13 was observed. The expressions of CHOP, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), phosphorylation STAT6, interleukin-13 receptor alpha 1 (IL-13Rα1), and interleukin-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) were analysed. The eosinophilic granuloma and collagen deposition were found around the eggs in mice infected for 6 and 10 weeks. IL-13 in plasma and IL-13Rα1 and IL-4Rα in liver tissue were significantly increased. The phosphorylated STAT6 was enhanced while Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) was decreased in liver tissue. The expression of CHOP and colocalization of CHOP and CD206 were increased. Overall, these results suggest that CHOP plays a critical role in hepatic fibrosis induced by S. japonicum, likely through promoting alternative activation of macrophages.
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- 2019
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11. Public-Health-Driven Microfluidic Technologies: From Separation to Detection
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Xiangzhi Zhang, Xiawei Xu, Jing Wang, Chengbo Wang, Yuying Yan, Aiguo Wu, and Yong Ren
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microfluidic system ,lab-on-a-chip ,separation ,detection ,public health ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 - Abstract
Separation and detection are ubiquitous in our daily life and they are two of the most important steps toward practical biomedical diagnostics and industrial applications. A deep understanding of working principles and examples of separation and detection enables a plethora of applications from blood test and air/water quality monitoring to food safety and biosecurity; none of which are irrelevant to public health. Microfluidics can separate and detect various particles/aerosols as well as cells/viruses in a cost-effective and easy-to-operate manner. There are a number of papers reviewing microfluidic separation and detection, but to the best of our knowledge, the two topics are normally reviewed separately. In fact, these two themes are closely related with each other from the perspectives of public health: understanding separation or sorting technique will lead to the development of new detection methods, thereby providing new paths to guide the separation routes. Therefore, the purpose of this review paper is two-fold: reporting the latest developments in the application of microfluidics for separation and outlining the emerging research in microfluidic detection. The dominating microfluidics-based passive separation methods and detection methods are discussed, along with the future perspectives and challenges being discussed. Our work inspires novel development of separation and detection methods for the benefits of public health.
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- 2021
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12. Improving the Solubility and Digestibility of Potato Protein with an Online Ultrasound-Assisted PH Shifting Treatment at Medium Temperature
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Chao Mao, Juan Wu, Xiangzhi Zhang, Fengping Ma, and Yu Cheng
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potato protein ,ultrasound ,pH shifting ,solubility ,digestion ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Ultrasonic (US) treatment was combined with pH shifting (pHS) and mild thermal (40 °C) (T40) treatment (US/T40/pHS) to improve the solubility of potato protein. The effects of the ultrasonication frequency, ultrasonication time, and incorporation sequence on the solubility of potato protein were investigated. The results showed that online US/T40/pHS treatment resulted in higher solubility of potato protein and enhanced free amino group release during in vitro digestion. The solubility of potato protein treated with online US/T40/pHS at a mono-frequency of 40 kHz for 15 min increased by 1.73 times compared with the control (p < 0.05). The digestibility rate increased by 16.0% and 30.8% during gastric and intestinal digestion, respectively, compared with the control (p < 0.05). It was demonstrated that online US/T40/pHS treatment significantly changed the secondary and tertiary structures of potato protein according to the results of circular dichroism and internal fluorescence. SDS-PAGE, particle size, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that structural changes led to the formation of large soluble aggregates. The results suggested that the improvement in the solubility and digestibility of potato protein treated with online US/T40/pHS may be due to the formation of large soluble aggregates, which are more hydrophilic and sensitive to digestive enzymes.
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- 2020
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13. Coiled Plant Tendril Bioinspired Fabrication of Helical Porous Microfibers for Crude Oil Cleanup
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Yueyue Zhao, Xiaran Miao, Jinyou Lin, Xiuhong Li, Fenggang Bian, Jie Wang, Xiangzhi Zhang, and Baohua Yue
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coaxial electrospinning ,coiled tendril ,helical porous fiber ,oil sorption · ,Technology ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Fabrication of the helical fibers with sheath/core structure comprising 3D interconnected porous polystyrene (PS) and ductile polyvinylidene fluoride is inspired by coiled plant tendril. The key innovation point applied in this study is to produce a helical porous system based on sheath/core structure that can come into being a huge storage space in the sorption process for crude oil. More importantly, the mechanical properties confirm to have a more excellent improvement than that of the initial PS fibers, which make it become a possible candidate for the large‐area sorption and reuse of crude oil from the ocean or industry. The bioinspired fabricating strategy opens a significant avenue between the coaxial electrospinning and crude oil contamination cleanup. It is also expected that the unique structure can make it a promising candidate for applications in energy conversion, tissue engineering, and intelligent devices.
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- 2017
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14. Some Similarity Solutions and Numerical Solutions to the Time-Fractional Burgers System
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Xiangzhi Zhang and Yufeng Zhang
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similarity solution ,time-fractional Burgers system ,numerical solution ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
In the paper, we discuss some similarity solutions of the time-fractional Burgers system (TFBS). Firstly, with the help of the Lie-point symmetry and the corresponding invariant variables, we transform the TFBS to a fractional ordinary differential system (FODS) under the case where the time-fractional derivative is the Riemann–Liouville type. The FODS can be approximated by some integer-order ordinary differential equations; here, we present three such integer-order ordinary differential equations (called IODE-1, IODE-2, and IODE-3, respectively). For IODE-1, we obtain its similarity solutions and numerical solutions, which approximate the similarity solutions and the numerical solutions of the TFBS. Secondly, we apply the numerical analysis method to obtain the numerical solutions of IODE-2 and IODE-3.
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- 2019
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15. New Applications of a Kind of Infinitesimal-Operator Lie Algebra
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Honwah Tam, Yufeng Zhang, and Xiangzhi Zhang
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Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Applying some reduced Lie algebras of Lie symmetry operators of a Lie transformation group, we obtain an invariant of a second-order differential equation which can be generated by a Euler-Lagrange formulism. A corresponding discrete equation approximating it is given as well. Finally, we make use of the Lie algebras to generate some new integrable systems including (1+1) and (2+1) dimensions.
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- 2016
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16. The Role of HMGB1 in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes
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Yanan Wang, Jixin Zhong, Xiangzhi Zhang, Ziwei Liu, Yuan Yang, Quan Gong, and Boxu Ren
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Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Significance. With an alarming increase in recent years, diabetes mellitus has become a global challenge. Despite advances in treatment of diabetes mellitus, currently, medications available are unable to control the progression of diabetes and its complications. Growing evidence suggests that inflammation is an important pathogenic mediator in the development of diabetes mellitus. The perspectives including suggestions for new therapies involving the shift from metabolic stress to inflammation should be taken into account. Critical Issues. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nonhistone nuclear protein regulating gene expression, was rediscovered as an endogenous danger signal molecule to trigger inflammatory responses when released into extracellular milieu in the late 1990s. Given the similarities of inflammatory response in the development of T2D, we will discuss the potential implication of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of T2D. Importantly, we will summarize and renovate the role of HMGB1 and HMGB1-mediated inflammatory pathways in adipose tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, and islet dysfunction. Future Directions. HMGB1 and its downstream receptors RAGE and TLRs may serve as potential antidiabetic targets. Current and forthcoming projects in this territory will pave the way for prospective approaches targeting the center of HMGB1-mediated inflammation to improve T2D and its complications.
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- 2016
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17. Inverse Relations of PM2.5 and O3 in Air Compound Pollution between Cold and Hot Seasons over an Urban Area of East China
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Mengwei Jia, Tianliang Zhao, Xinghong Cheng, Sunling Gong, Xiangzhi Zhang, Lili Tang, Duanyang Liu, Xianghua Wu, Liming Wang, and Yusheng Chen
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PM2.5 ,O3 ,air compound pollution ,urban area ,Meteorology. Climatology ,QC851-999 - Abstract
Abstract: By analyzing the data of urban air pollutant measurements from 2013 to 2015 in Nanjing, East China, we found that the correlation coefficients between major atmospheric compound pollutants PM2.5 and O3 were respectively 0.40 in hot season (June, July and August) and −0.16 in cold season (December, January and February) with both passing the confidence level of 99%. This provides evidence for the inverse relations of ambient PM2.5 and O3 between cold and hot seasons in an urban area of East China. To understand the interaction of PM2.5 and O3 in air compound pollution, the underlying mechanisms on the inversion relations between cold and hot seasons were investigated from the seasonal variations in atmospheric oxidation and radiative forcing of PM2.5 based on three-year environmental and meteorological data. The analyses showed that the augmentation of atmospheric oxidation could strengthen the production of secondary particles with the contribution up to 26.76% to ambient PM2.5 levels. High O3 concentrations in a strong oxidative air condition during hot season promoted the formation of secondary particles, which could result in a positive correlation between PM2.5 and O3 in hot season. In cold season with weak atmospheric oxidation, the enhanced PM2.5 levels suppressed surface solar radiation, which could weaken O3 production for decreasing ambient O3 level with the low diurnal peaks. Under the high PM2.5 level exceeding 115 μg·m−3, the surface O3 concentration dropped to 12.7 μg·m−3 at noon with a significant inhibitory effect, leading to a negative correlation between PM2.5 and O3 in cold season. This observational study revealed the interaction of PM2.5 and O3 in air compound pollution for understanding the seasonal change of atmospheric environment.
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- 2017
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18. Existence of Nontrivial Solutions for a Critical Perturbed Quasilinear Elliptic System
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Huixing Zhang and Xiangzhi Zhang
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Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
We consider a perturbed quasilinear elliptic system involving the p-Laplacian with critical growth terms in RN. Under proper conditions, we establish the existence of nontrivial solutions by using the variational methods.
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- 2014
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19. Git-based Version Control for Beamline Control System at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility.
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Ying Zhao, Yongnian Zhou, Chun Hu, Xiangzhi Zhang, and Zhaohong Zhang
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- 2018
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20. Symmetry properties and explicit solutions of some nonlinear differential and fractional equations.
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Yufeng Zhang, Jianqin Mei, and Xiangzhi Zhang
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- 2018
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21. Spin–Charge Conversion in Hybrid Structure PbZrO 3 /Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 /Pt
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Rui Yu, Yong Wang, Teng Li, Feng Chen, Jiefeng Cao, Fangyuan Zhu, Xiangzhi Zhang, and Renzhong Tai
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Condensed Matter Physics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2023
22. In Situ X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Metal/Nitrogen‐doped Carbons in Oxygen Electrocatalysis
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Bin Wu, Tianxiao Sun, Ya You, Haibing Meng, Dulce M. Morales, Mailis Lounasvuori, Abbas Beheshti Askari, Li Jiang, Feng Zeng, Baoshan Hu, Xiangzhi Zhang, Renzhong Tai, Zhichuan J. Xu, Tristan Petit, and Liqiang Mai
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General Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Catalysis - Published
- 2023
23. Lie symmetries and conservation laws for the time fractional Derrida-Lebowitz-Speer-Spohn equation.
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Wenjuan Rui and Xiangzhi Zhang
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- 2016
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24. Click Chemistry-based Synchrotron X-ray Imaging Tags★
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Qiaowei, Tang, primary, Xiaoqing, Cai, primary, Dapeng, Yin, primary, Huating, Kong, primary, Xiangzhi, Zhang, primary, Jichao, Zhang, primary, Qinglong, Yan, primary, Ying, Zhu, primary, and Chunhai, Fan, primary
- Published
- 2023
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25. A New Application of the $${\bar{\partial }}$$-Method
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Shiyin Zhao, Yufeng Zhang, and Xiangzhi Zhang
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Reduction (recursion theory) ,Hierarchy (mathematics) ,Bar (music) ,Mathematical analysis ,Dirac delta function ,Statistical and Nonlinear Physics ,Nonlinear system ,symbols.namesake ,Lie algebra ,symbols ,Soliton ,Mathematical Physics ,Schrödinger's cat ,Mathematics - Abstract
By constructing a new calculating rule of Lie bracket, we construct a new nonlinear Schrödinger hierarchy and its reduction equations via using the $${\bar{\partial }}$$ ∂ ¯ -method. Furthermore, some soliton solutions of such the equation are obtained by making use of Dirac function.
- Published
- 2021
26. Initial probe function construction in ptychography based on zone-plate optics
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Zeping Qin, Zijian Xu, Ruoru Li, Haigang Liu, Shilei Liu, Qingcao Wen, Xing Chen, Xiangzhi Zhang, and Renzhong Tai
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Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Abstract
X-ray ptychography is a popular variant of coherent diffraction imaging that offers ultrahigh resolution for extended samples. In x-ray ptychography instruments, the Fresnel zone-plate (FZP) is the most commonly used optical probe system for both soft x-ray and hard x-ray. In FZP-based ptychography with a highly curved defocus probe wavefront, the reconstructed image quality can be significantly impacted by the initial probe function form, necessitating the construction of a suitable initial probe for successful reconstruction. To investigate the effects of initial probe forms on FZP-based ptychography reconstruction, we constructed four single-mode initial probe models (IPMs) and three multi-mode IPMs in this study, and systematically compared their corresponding simulated and experimental reconstructions. The results show that the Fresnel IPM, spherical IPM, and Fresnel-based multi-mode IPMs can result in successful reconstructions for both near-focus and defocus cases, while random IPMs and constant IPMs work only for near-focus cases. Consequently, for FZP-based ptychography, the elaborately constructed IPMs that closely resemble real probes in wavefront phase form are more advantageous than natural IPMs such as the random or constant model. Furthermore, these IPMs with high phase similarity to the high-curvature large-sized probe adopted in experiments can help greatly improve ptychography experiment efficiency and decrease radiation damage to samples.
- Published
- 2023
27. A compound Kinoform/Fresnel zone plate lens with 15 nm resolution and high efficiency in soft x-ray
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Xujie Tong, Yifang Chen, Chengyang Mu, Qiucheng Chen, Xiangzhi Zhang, Guang Zeng, Yuchun Li, Zijian Xu, Jun Zhao, Xiangjun Zhen, Chengwen Mao, Hongliang Lu, and Renzhong Tai
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Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Bioengineering ,General Chemistry ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering - Abstract
X-ray microscope as an important nanoprobing tool plays a prevailing role in nano-inspections of materials. Despite the fast advances of high resolution focusing/imaging reported, the efficiency of existing high-resolution zone plates is mostly around 5% in soft x-ray and rapidly goes down to 1%–2% when the resolution approaches 10 nm. It is well known that the rectangular zone shape, beamstop, limited height/width ratios, material absorption of light and structural defects are likely responsible for the limited efficiency. Although zone plates with Kinoform profile are supposed to be efficient, progress for achieving both high resolution (5%) have hardly been addressed in soft x-ray. In this work, we propose a compound Kinoform/Fresnel zone plate (CKZP) by combing a dielectric Kinoform zone plate with a 15 nm resolution zone plate. Greyscale electron beam lithography was applied to form the 3D Kinoform zone plate and atomic layer deposition was carried out to form the binary zone plate. Optical characterizations demonstrated 15 nm resolution focusing/imaging with over 7.8% efficiency in soft x-ray. The origin of the efficiency improvement behind the proposed compound lens is theoretically analyzed and discussed.
- Published
- 2023
28. 3D Imaging and Quantification of the Integrin at a Single-Cell Base on a Multisignal Nanoprobe and Synchrotron Radiation Soft X-ray Tomography Microscopy
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Chunyu Zhang, Xueyun Gao, Yuliang Zhao, Huaidong Jiang, Shengkun Yao, Chao Xu, Yaling Wang, Yanan Chang, Xiangzhi Zhang, Chunying Chen, Kai Zhang, Yunbing Zong, and Lijuan Zhang
- Subjects
Integrins ,Cell ,Integrin ,Synchrotron radiation ,Nanoprobe ,Gadolinium ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Single-cell analysis ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Microscopy ,medicine ,Humans ,Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ,biology ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Serum Albumin, Bovine ,0104 chemical sciences ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,biology.protein ,Nanoparticles ,Gold ,Tomography ,Single-Cell Analysis ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Synchrotrons - Abstract
The development of three-dimensional (3D) single-cell imaging and protein quantitative methods can provide more comprehensive information for diagnoses. We report the design and synthesis of a multisignal nanoprobe (AuGdNC@BSA-CV) for single-cell 3D imaging and quantifying the integrin αIIbβ3 using correlated synchrotron radiation soft X-ray tomography microscopy and an iterative tomographic algorithm termed equally sloped tomography for the first time. Moreover, on the basis of the Au or Gd content of our nanoprobe, the number of integrin αIIbβ3 on a single cell also can be accurately quantified (1.5 × 107 per cell) via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
- Published
- 2020
29. Soft X-ray Ptychography Chemical Imaging of Degradation in a Composite Surface-Reconstructed Li-Rich Cathode
- Author
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Guangjie Shao, Fu-Da Yu, Zhen-Bo Wang, Renzhong Tai, Jian Wang, Jigang Zhou, Yongzhi Mao, Xiangzhi Zhang, Tianxiao Sun, and Gang Sun
- Subjects
Chemical imaging ,Materials science ,business.industry ,General Engineering ,General Physics and Astronomy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Cathode ,Synchrotron ,Ptychography ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Characterization (materials science) ,Chemical state ,chemistry ,law ,Microscopy ,Optoelectronics ,General Materials Science ,Lithium ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
The capability in spatially resolving the interactions between components in lithium (Li)-ion battery cathodes, especially correlating chemistry and electronic structure, is challenging but critical for a better understanding of complex degradation mechanisms for rational developments. X-ray spectro-ptychography and conventional synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy image stacks are the most powerful probes for studying the distribution and chemical state of cations in degraded Li-rich cathodes. Herein, we propose a chemical approach with a spatial resolution of around 5.6 nm to imaging degradation heterogeneities and interplay among components in degraded Li-rich cathodes. Through the chemical imaging reconstruction of the degraded Li-rich cathodes, fluorine (F) ions incorporated into the lattice during charging/discharging processes are proved and strongly correlate with the manganese (Mn) dissolution and oxygen loss within the secondary particles and impact the electronic structure. Otherwise, the electrode-electrolyte interphase component, scattered LiF particles (100-500 nm) along with the MnF2 layer, is also visualized between the primary particles inside the secondary particles of the degraded cathodes. The results provide direct visual evidence for the Li-rich cathode degradation mechanisms and demonstrate that the low-energy ptychography technique offers a superior approach for high-resolution battery material characterization.
- Published
- 2020
30. A dielectric Kinoform zone plate with 15 nm resolution and high efficiency for soft X-ray optics
- Author
-
Xujie Tong, Yifang Chen, Chengyang Mu, Qiucheng Chen, Xiangzhi Zhang, Guang Zeng, Yu-Chun Li, Zijian Xu, Jun Zhao, Xiangjun Zhen, Chengwen Mao, Hongliang Lu, and Renzhong Tai
- Abstract
X-ray microscope as an important nanoprobing tool is expected to play a powerful role in nano-inspections of materials. Despite the fast advances of high resolution focusing/imaging reported, the diffraction efficiency of existing binary zone plates as the lenses in the microscope is mostly around 5% in practice and rapidly goes down to 1-2% when the resolution approaches 10 nm, failing its applications in advanced scientific research. Zone plates with Kinoform profile are supposed to be high efficient, little progress for achieving both high resolution and high efficiency has been reported. The conflict between the resolution and the efficiency in X ray optics has become a long-lasting bottleneck in the further development of X-ray microscope. Based on our earlier success in developing high efficiency Kinoform zone plates by greyscale electron beam lithography, we proposed, in this work, a new zone plate structure by combing a dielectric Kinoform zone plate with an atomic layer deposited HfO2 zone plate to achieve high resolution focusing/imaging with high efficiency. Beam propagation method was applied in designing and optimizing Kinoform shapes of the zones, greyscale and/or binary electron beam lithography was carried out for generating both 3D Kinoform as well as rectangular zones with aspect ratio of 23/1 in dielectric resist, and finally high-quality atomic layer deposition of HfO2 was conducted to form the 15-nm wide outermost zone. Optical characterizations by an in-house developed soft X ray microscope demonstrated 15-nm resolution focusing/imaging with over 7% efficiency, which is the highest with such a resolution as far as our awareness. The origin of such an improvement behind the proposed novel lenses is interpreted by our BMP calculation results and the comparisons with existing performances by other reports in literature was discussed.
- Published
- 2022
31. Ozone pollution characteristics and sensitivity analysis using an observation-based model in Nanjing, Yangtze River Delta Region of China
- Author
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Ming Wang, Xiangzhi Zhang, Lin Zhang, Xin Xie, Wei Qin, Yong Zhang, and Wentai Chen
- Subjects
Delta ,Pollution ,China ,Environmental Engineering ,Ozone ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,media_common.quotation_subject ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Environmental Chemistry ,Air quality index ,NOx ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,media_common ,Ozone pollution ,Pollutant ,Air Pollutants ,Volatile Organic Compounds ,General Medicine ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Yangtze river ,Environmental science ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Ground-level ozone (O3) has become a critical pollutant impeding air quality improvement in Yangtze River Delta region of China. In this study, we present O3 pollution characteristics based on one-year online measurements during 2016 at an urban site in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Then, the sensitivity of O3 to its precursors during 2 O3 pollution episodes in August was analyzed using a box model based on observation (OBM). The relative incremental reactivity (RIR) of hydrocarbons was larger than other precursors, suggesting that hydrocarbons played the dominant role in O3 formation. The RIR values for NOX ranged from –0.41%/% to 0.19%/%. The O3 sensitivity was also analyzed based on relationship of simulated O3 production rates with reductions of VOC and NOX derived from scenario analyses. Simulation results illustrate that O3 formation was between VOCs-limited and transition regime. Xylenes and light alkenes were found to be key species in O3 formation according to RIR values, and their sources were determined using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model. Paints and solvent use was the largest contributor to xylenes (54%), while petrochemical industry was the most important source to propene (82%). Discussions on VOCs and NOX reduction schemes suggest that the 5% O3 control goal can be achieved by reducing VOCs by 20%. To obtain 10% O3 control goal, VOCs need to be reduced by 30% with VOCs/NOX larger than 3:1.
- Published
- 2020
32. Stability study of organometal halide perovskite and its enhanced X-ray scintillation from the incorporation of anodic TiO2 nanotubes
- Author
-
Hui Li, Yong Wang, Xiangzhi Zhang, Zhuocheng Sang, and Zhenhua Chen
- Subjects
Scintillation ,Materials science ,General Chemical Engineering ,Halide ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Anode ,Crystal ,Octahedron ,Chemical engineering ,Absorption edge ,0210 nano-technology ,Luminescence ,Perovskite (structure) - Abstract
Organometal halide perovskite-based optoelectronic devices are currently a hot research area owing to their unique properties, but widespread commercialization is plagued by their poor long-term stability. So far, the degradation mechanism of organometal halide perovskites is still indistinct due to limited real time systematic study. In this work, we in situ study the crystal evolution of an organometal halide perovskite CH3NH3PbI3, which is prepared on different kinds of framework substrates. Based on the in situ grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and X-ray near absorption edge spectrum, we observe the formation of some 2D networks of [PbI6]4− octahedra intermediates during CH3NH3PbI3 degradation in a moist environment at the early step of the degradation mechanism. We also show that the structural stability of CH3NH3PbI3 deposited anodic TiO2 nanotube substrates is relatively better than that of prepared perovskite on TiO2 nanoparticles in moisture. The confinement of the 3D [PbI6]4− octahedral crystal network probability reduces the ion migration by regular pores of crystalline TiO2 nanotubes, improving the stability of the organometal halide perovskite. Furthermore, the X-ray excited luminescence intensity of CH3NH3PbI3 fabricated on TiO2 nanotubes is boosted 88% compared with that of conventional TiO2 nanoparticle substrates, which demonstrates its potential application in scintillation detectors.
- Published
- 2020
33. Position-guided ptychography for vibration suppression with the aid of a laser interferometer
- Author
-
Shilei Liu, Zijian Xu, Xiangzhi Zhang, Bo Chen, Yong Wang, and Renzhong Tai
- Subjects
Mechanical Engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2023
34. C/EBP Homologous Protein (CHOP) Activates Macrophages and Promotes Liver Fibrosis in Schistosoma japonicum-Infected Mice
- Author
-
Xiangzhi Zhang, Jixin Zhong, Yurong Guo, Boxu Ren, Yuan Yang, Hao Nie, Min Lu, Xiaoqin Liu, Shuang Peng, Lian Liu, and Mengyun Duan
- Subjects
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,Article Subject ,Immunology ,CHOP ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Fibrosis ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,030304 developmental biology ,STAT6 ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Schistosoma japonicum ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,STAT protein ,Unfolded protein response ,Signal transduction ,lcsh:RC581-607 ,Hepatic fibrosis - Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding homologous protein (CHOP), a transcriptional regulator induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) is a pivotal factor in the ER stress-mediated apoptosis pathway. Previous studies have shown that CHOP is involved in the formation of fibrosis in a variety of tissues and is associated with alternative macrophage activation. The role of CHOP in the pathologic effects of liver fibrosis in schistosomiasis has not been reported, and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study is aimed at understanding the effect of CHOP on liver fibrosis induced by Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) in vivo and clarifying its mechanism. C57BL/6 mice were infected with cercariae of S. japonicum through the abdominal skin. The liver fibrosis was examined. The level of IL-13 was observed. The expressions of CHOP, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), phosphorylation STAT6, interleukin-13 receptor alpha 1 (IL-13Rα1), and interleukin-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) were analysed. The eosinophilic granuloma and collagen deposition were found around the eggs in mice infected for 6 and 10 weeks. IL-13 in plasma and IL-13Rα1 and IL-4Rα in liver tissue were significantly increased. The phosphorylated STAT6 was enhanced while Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) was decreased in liver tissue. The expression of CHOP and colocalization of CHOP and CD206 were increased. Overall, these results suggest that CHOP plays a critical role in hepatic fibrosis induced by S. japonicum, likely through promoting alternative activation of macrophages.
- Published
- 2019
35. TiO
- Author
-
Xiawei, Xu, Jie, Lin, Yanhong, Guo, Xiaoxia, Wu, Yanping, Xu, Dinghu, Zhang, Xiangzhi, Zhang, Xie, Yujiao, Jing, Wang, Chengyang, Yao, Junlie, Yao, Jie, Xing, Yi, Cao, Yanying, Li, Wenzhi, Ren, Tianxiang, Chen, Yong, Ren, and Aiguo, Wu
- Subjects
Titanium ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Humans ,Reproducibility of Results ,Biosensing Techniques ,Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ,Spectrum Analysis, Raman - Abstract
Circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection as a burgeoning detection strategy can identify the tumor lesion in the early stage, and facilitates the understanding of tumorigenesis, tumor progression, metastasis, and drug-resistance. Herein, we present a novel strategy for in situ isolating and directly detecting CTCs from peripheral blood at single-cell resolution using black TiO
- Published
- 2021
36. A novel bionic packed bed latent heat storage system filled with encapsulated PCM for thermal energy collection
- Author
-
Xiangzhi Zhang, Yatao Ren, Yong Ren, and Yuying Yan
- Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes - Published
- 2022
37. TiO2-based Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering bio-probe for efficient circulating tumor cell detection on microfilter
- Author
-
Xiawei Xu, Jie Lin, Yanhong Guo, Xiaoxia Wu, Yanping Xu, Dinghu Zhang, Xiangzhi Zhang, Xie Yujiao, Jing Wang, Chengyang Yao, Junlie Yao, Jie Xing, Yi Cao, Yanying Li, Wenzhi Ren, Tianxiang Chen, Yong Ren, and Aiguo Wu
- Subjects
Electrochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,General Medicine ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2022
38. In Situ Calibration of Magnetic Field Coils Using Parametric Resonance in Optically-pumped Magnetometers
- Author
-
Yulong Wu, Hong Guo, Teng Wu, Jingbiao Chen, Wei Xiao, Xiangzhi Zhang, He Wang, and Xiang Peng
- Subjects
Materials science ,business.industry ,Magnetometer ,Physics::Medical Physics ,Line (electrical engineering) ,Magnetic field ,law.invention ,Optics ,Electromagnetic coil ,law ,Atom optics ,Calibration ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,Radio frequency ,Parametric oscillator ,business - Abstract
In this article, we propose an in situ method to calibrate the magnetic-field coil systems in optically-pumped magnetometers. The method is based on parametric resonance induced by nonresonant radio-frequency (RF) fields, and is especially suitable for microfabricated single-beam zero-field atomic magnetometers. We have experimentally and theoretically demonstrated this method with a single-beam spin-exchange-relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer, and the experiment results are in line with theoretical expectations.
- Published
- 2021
39. Facile and quick formation of cellulose nanopaper with nanoparticles and its characterization
- Author
-
Renzhong Tai, Jinyou Lin, Zijian Xu, Xiangzhi Zhang, and Limei Ma
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Dual energy ,Organic Chemistry ,Tio2 nanoparticles ,Nanoparticle ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Characterization (materials science) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Materials Chemistry ,Cellulose ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) is a suitable functional material as its lightweight, huge availability and biodegradable advantages. A direct-evaporation method was employed to prepare the CNF nanopapers with or without Fe3O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) in the form of films, which is more facile and efficient in comparison with the methods of vacuum-filtration and cast drying. A combination of three-dimensional (3D) focal stacks and dual-energy imaging method was firstly used to characterize the CNF nanopapers embedded with Fe3O4 and TiO2 NPs, where the locations of the NPs can be clearly and exactly distinguished. Furthermore, the thickness, transparency, magnetism and tensile properties of the CNF nanopapers were characterized. This work shows a facile method for the preparation of CNF nanopapers with or without addition. More importantly, the combination of focal stacks and dual-energy imaging method offers a superior means of characterizing the spatial structures and 3D elemental visualization.
- Published
- 2019
40. Significant reduction of PM2.5 in eastern China due to regional-scale emission control: evidence from SORPES in 2011–2018
- Author
-
Wei Nie, Peng Sun, Wei Qin, Yicheng Shen, Jianning Sun, Congbin Fu, Zheng Xu, Jiaping Wang, Lei Wang, Weijing Liu, Xiu-Qun Yang, Xuguang Chi, Longfei Zheng, Yuning Xie, Xin Huang, Ximeng Qi, Wei Cheng, Xiangzhi Zhang, Zhengning Xu, Liangbao Pan, and Aijun Ding
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Chemical speciation ,Eastern china ,Air pollution ,Climate change ,010501 environmental sciences ,Atmospheric sciences ,medicine.disease_cause ,complex mixtures ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nitrate ,chemistry ,medicine ,Environmental science ,Haze pollution ,Biomass burning ,Air quality index ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Haze pollution caused by PM2.5 is the largest air quality concern in China in recent years. Long-term measurements of PM2.5 and the precursors and chemical speciation are crucially important for evaluating the efficiency of emission control, understanding formation and transport of PM2.5 associated with the change of meteorology, and accessing the impact of human activities on regional climate change. Here we reported long-term continuous measurements of PM2.5, chemical components, and their precursors at a regional background station, the Station for Observing Regional Processes of the Earth System (SORPES), in Nanjing, eastern China, since 2011. We found that PM2.5 at the station has experienced a substantial decrease (−9.1 % yr−1), accompanied by even a very significant reduction of SO2 (−16.7 % yr−1), since the national “Ten Measures of Air” took action in 2013. Control of open biomass burning and fossil-fuel combustion are the two dominant factors that influence the PM2.5 reduction in early summer and winter, respectively. In the cold season (November–January), the nitrate fraction was significantly increased, especially when air masses were transported from the north. More NH3 available from a substantial reduction of SO2 and increased oxidization capacity are the main factors for the enhanced nitrate formation. The changes of year-to-year meteorology have contributed to 24 % of the PM2.5 decrease since 2013. This study highlights several important implications on air pollution control policy in China.
- Published
- 2019
41. Regional Air Quality Forecast Using a Machine Learning Method and the WRF Model over the Yangtze River Delta, East China
- Author
-
Chongzhi Yin, Xiangzhi Zhang, Renjian Zhang, Mengwei Jia, Liming Wang, Xinghong Cheng, Tianliang Zhao, and Xianghua Wu
- Subjects
Delta ,Haze ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Mean squared error ,Time model ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Weather Research and Forecasting Model ,Climatology ,Yangtze river ,Environmental Chemistry ,Environmental science ,China ,Air quality index ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
A statistical forecasting method of air quality based on meteorological elements with high spatiotemporal resolution simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and a back-propagation (BP) neural network was established to predict 72 h PM2.5 mass concentrations over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region of eastern China. Short-term statistical forecasting of air quality in 25 major cities in the YRD region was conducted and the PM2.5 forecast was validated using the corresponding surface PM2.5 observational data in this study. Results indicate that the short-term air quality forecasting system has a ability to accurately forecast PM2.5 concentration in the major cities in the YRD region. The average index of agreement (IA) between PM2.5 forecasts and observations in the four seasons ranges from 74% to 77%, and the root mean square error (RMSE) fall between 15.2 µg m–3 and 33.0 µg m–3. The data with PM2.5 concentration greater than 115 µg m–3 are selected to establish the EXP-Polluted model and then used to predict PM2.5 concentration during heavy haze periods in 2017. The RMSEs of PM2.5 forecasts during severe haze periods are improved by 44.1%, which compared to predictions using the EXP-All Time model constructed by the full-year data.
- Published
- 2019
42. Thermal drift correction method for laboratory nanocomputed tomography based on global mixed evaluation
- Author
-
Mengnan Liu, Yu Han, Xiaoqi Xi, Linlin Zhu, Huijuan Fu, Siyu Tan, Xiangzhi Zhang, Lei Li, Jian Chen, and Bin Yan
- Subjects
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Abstract
Nanocomputed tomography (nanoCT) is an effective tool for the nondestructive observation of 3D structures of nanomaterials; however, it requires additional correction phantom to reduce artifacts induced by the focal drift of the X-ray source and mechanical thermal expansion. Drift correction without a correction phantom typically uses rapidly acquired sparse projections to align the original projections. The noise and brightness difference in the projections limit the accuracy of existing feature-based methods such as locality preserving matching (LPM) and random sample consensus (RANSAC). Herein, a rough-to-refined correction framework based on global mixed evaluation (GME) is proposed for precise drift estimation. First, a new evaluation criterion for projection alignment, named GME, which comprises the structural similarity (SSIM) index and average phase difference (APD), is designed. Subsequently, an accurate projection alignment is achieved to estimate the drift by optimizing the GME within the proposed correction framework based on the rough-to-refined outlier elimination strategy. The simulated 2D projection alignment experiments show that the accuracy of the GME is improved by 14× and 12× than that of the mainstream feature-based methods LPM and RANSAC, respectively. The proposed method is validated through actual 3D imaging experiments.
- Published
- 2022
43. Symmetry properties and explicit solutions of some nonlinear differential and fractional equations
- Author
-
Jianqin Mei, Xiangzhi Zhang, and Yufeng Zhang
- Subjects
Conservation law ,Similarity (geometry) ,Applied Mathematics ,010102 general mathematics ,01 natural sciences ,Symmetry (physics) ,Burgers' equation ,Computational Mathematics ,Nonlinear system ,Nonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems ,Adjoint equation ,0103 physical sciences ,Homogeneous space ,Applied mathematics ,0101 mathematics ,010306 general physics ,Differential (mathematics) ,Mathematics - Abstract
One generalized Burgers hierarchy is derived by applying the Cole-Hopf transforation, whose dark-equation hierarchy is also generated by the dark-equation method, from which a generalized Burgers equation and a generalized Kupershmidt equation, respectively, are followed to obtain. Through Lie-group analysis method we produce similarity reductions, exact solutions of the generalized Burgers and the Kupershmidt equations. Specially, we investigate the similarity reductions of the fractional Kupershmidt equation and its exact solutions. In addition, we obtain the conservation laws of the Kupershmidt equation and its adjoint equation. Finally, we give rise to symmetries, primary branch solutions as well various recursion operators of degenerated equations from the Kupershmidt equation.
- Published
- 2018
44. Plasmonic Optical Tweezers for Particle Manipulation: Principles, Methods, and Applications
- Author
-
Qin Chen, Mingjian He, Xiangzhi Zhang, Ya-Tao Ren, Hong Qi, and Yuying Yan
- Subjects
Electromagnetic field ,Computer science ,Optical force ,General Engineering ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Lab-on-a-chip ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Delivery methods ,Optical tweezers ,law ,Particle ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,Nanoscopic scale ,Plasmon - Abstract
Inspired by the idea of combining conventional optical tweezers with plasmonic nanostructures, a technique named plasmonic optical tweezers (POT) has been widely explored from fundamental principles to applications. With the ability to break the diffraction barrier and enhance the localized electromagnetic field, POT techniques are especially effective for high spatial-resolution manipulation of nanoscale or even subnanoscale objects, from small bioparticles to atoms. In addition, POT can be easily integrated with other techniques such as lab-on-chip devices, which results in a very promising alternative technique for high-throughput single-bioparticle sensing or imaging. Despite its label-free, high-precision, and high-spatial-resolution nature, it also suffers from some limitations. One of the main obstacles is that the plasmonic nanostructures are located over the surfaces of a substrate, which makes the manipulation of bioparticles turn from a three-dimensional problem to a nearly two-dimensional problem. Meanwhile, the operation zone is limited to a predefined area. Therefore, the target objects must be delivered to the operation zone near the plasmonic structures. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art target delivery methods for the POT-based particle manipulating technique, along with its applications in single-bioparticle analysis/imaging, high-throughput bioparticle purifying, and single-atom manipulation. Future developmental perspectives of POT techniques are also discussed.
- Published
- 2021
45. Public-Health-Driven Microfluidic Technologies: From Separation to Detection
- Author
-
Jing Wang, Yuying Yan, Chengbo Wang, Xiawei Xu, Yong Ren, Aiguo Wu, and Xiangzhi Zhang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,separation ,Computer science ,lcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinery ,Separation (aeronautics) ,Microfluidics ,detection ,02 engineering and technology ,Review ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,law ,medicine ,lcsh:TJ1-1570 ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,microfluidic system ,lab-on-a-chip ,Mechanical Engineering ,Public health ,010401 analytical chemistry ,public health ,Lab-on-a-chip ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Data science ,0104 chemical sciences ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Separation method ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Separation and detection are ubiquitous in our daily life and they are two of the most important steps toward practical biomedical diagnostics and industrial applications. A deep understanding of working principles and examples of separation and detection enables a plethora of applications from blood test and air/water quality monitoring to food safety and biosecurity; none of which are irrelevant to public health. Microfluidics can separate and detect various particles/aerosols as well as cells/viruses in a cost-effective and easy-to-operate manner. There are a number of papers reviewing microfluidic separation and detection, but to the best of our knowledge, the two topics are normally reviewed separately. In fact, these two themes are closely related with each other from the perspectives of public health: understanding separation or sorting technique will lead to the development of new detection methods, thereby providing new paths to guide the separation routes. Therefore, the purpose of this review paper is two-fold: reporting the latest developments in the application of microfluidics for separation and outlining the emerging research in microfluidic detection. The dominating microfluidics-based passive separation methods and detection methods are discussed, along with the future perspectives and challenges being discussed. Our work inspires novel development of separation and detection methods for the benefits of public health.
- Published
- 2021
46. Thermophoretic collection of virus-laden (SARS-CoV-2) aerosols
- Author
-
B Jing Wang, C Chengbo Wang, D Zheng Lian, G Yuying Yan, F Yong Ren, A Xiangzhi Zhang, and E Yong Shi
- Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,viruses ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Mechanics ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Atmosphere ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Heating temperature ,Environmental science ,General Materials Science ,Viral rna ,Particle size ,Particle trajectory ,0210 nano-technology ,Regular Articles - Abstract
Detecting the existence of SARS-CoV-2 in the indoor atmosphere is a practical solution to track the prevalence and prevent the spread of the virus. In this work, a thermophoretic approach is presented to collect the novel coronavirus-laden aerosols from the air and accumulate to high concentrations adequate for the sensitivity of viral RNA detection. Among the factors, the density and particle size have negligible effects on particle trajectory, while the vertical coordinates of particles increase with the rise in heating source temperature. When the heating temperature is higher than 355 K, all of the particles exit the channel from one outlet; thus, the collecting and accumulating of virus-laden aerosols can be realized. This study provides a potential approach to accelerate the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and avoid a false negative in the following RNA test. © 2021 Author(s).
- Published
- 2021
47. Three-dimensional fast elemental mapping by soft X-ray dual-energy focal stacks imaging
- Author
-
Jinyou Lin, Benjamin Watts, Zijian Xu, Renzhong Tai, Zhi Guo, Limei Ma, and Xiangzhi Zhang
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Soft x ray ,Radiation ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Doping ,Resolution (electron density) ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Sample (graphics) ,010309 optics ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Optics ,Data acquisition ,chemistry ,0103 physical sciences ,Microscopy ,Sample preparation ,Polystyrene ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Instrumentation - Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) dual-energy focal stacks (FS) imaging method has been developed to quickly obtain the spatial distribution of an element of interest in a sample; it is a combination of the 3D FS imaging method and two-dimensional (2D) dual-energy contrast imaging based on scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy (STXM). A simulation was firstly performed to verify the feasibility of the 3D elemental reconstruction method. Then, a sample of composite nanofibers, polystyrene doped with ferric acetylacetonate [Fe(acac)3], was further investigated to quickly reveal the spatial distribution of Fe(acac)3 in the sample. Furthermore, the data acquisition time was less than that for STXM nanotomography under similar resolution conditions and did not require any complicated sample preparation. The novel approach of 3D dual-energy FS imaging, which allows fast 3D elemental mapping, is expected to provide invaluable information for biomedicine and materials science.
- Published
- 2020
48. Position correction algorithm combined with Fresnel CDI for ptychography
- Author
-
Yong Wang, Haigang Liu, Tianxiao Sun, Xiangzhi Zhang, Zhenjiang Xing, Renzhong Tai, Zhi Guo, and Zijian Xu
- Subjects
Physics ,Correction algorithm ,Optics ,business.industry ,Position (vector) ,business ,Ptychography - Published
- 2020
49. Numerical simulation of circulating tumor cell separation in a dielectrophoresis based Y-Y shaped microfluidic device
- Author
-
Yong Ren, Xiangzhi Zhang, Yuying Yan, Xiawei Xu, and Aiguo Wu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Microchannel ,Computer simulation ,business.industry ,Microfluidics ,Filtration and Separation ,02 engineering and technology ,Dielectrophoresis ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Analytical Chemistry ,Volumetric flow rate ,Circulating tumor cell ,020401 chemical engineering ,Electrode ,Optoelectronics ,Electric potential ,0204 chemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
Efficient and effective separation of circulating tumor cells from biological samples to promote early diagnosis of cancer is important but challenging, especially for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this article, a Y-Y shaped microfluidic device was designed to isolate NSCLC cells with a dielectrophoresis approach. Numerical simulations were conducted that the trajectories of cells were traced by solving the electric potential distribution and the flow field in a microchannel. The effects of inlet flow rate ratio of blood sample and buffer on separation performance were studied and optimized by the numerical investigation. Under optimal operating conditions, the separation efficiency can reach around 99%, which is achieved with 100 kHz AC, electrodes potential ranging from 1.6 V to 2.2 V, and flow rate ratio from 1.9 to 2.5. This study presents a potentially efficient, facile and low-cost route for circulating tumor cell separation.
- Published
- 2020
50. Recording brain activities in unshielded Earth’s field with optically pumped atomic magnetometers
- Author
-
Jingbiao Chen, Yulong Wu, Yudong Ding, Chenxi Sun, Hong Guo, Wei Xiao, Yucheng Yang, Zhaoyu Zheng, Xiangzhi Zhang, Yulong Feng, Xiang Peng, Teng Wu, Rui Zhang, and Liang Shen
- Subjects
Auditory evoked field ,Magnetometer ,Acoustics ,02 engineering and technology ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,law ,Shielded cable ,medicine ,Miniaturization ,Research Articles ,Applied Physics ,Physics ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Noise (signal processing) ,SciAdv r-articles ,Magnetoencephalography ,equipment and supplies ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Gradiometer ,Magnetic field ,0210 nano-technology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Research Article - Abstract
High-sensitivity total-field atomic magnetometer enables brain-activity measurements in unshielded Earth’s field., Understanding the relationship between brain activity and specific mental function is important for medical diagnosis of brain symptoms, such as epilepsy. Magnetoencephalography (MEG), which uses an array of high-sensitivity magnetometers to record magnetic field signals generated from neural currents occurring naturally in the brain, is a noninvasive method for locating the brain activities. The MEG is normally performed in a magnetically shielded room. Here, we introduce an unshielded MEG system based on optically pumped atomic magnetometers. We build an atomic magnetic gradiometer, together with feedback methods, to reduce the environment magnetic field noise. We successfully observe the alpha rhythm signals related to closed eyes and clear auditory evoked field signals in unshielded Earth’s field. Combined with improvements in the miniaturization of the atomic magnetometer, our method is promising to realize a practical wearable and movable unshielded MEG system and bring new insights into medical diagnosis of brain symptoms.
- Published
- 2020
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