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The article discusses a new genome editing system developed to enhance the efficiency of breeding inducer and haploid sorting in maize. By utilizing a Cas9 system with specific promoters and markers, inducer lines can be generated more efficiently, improving breeding outcomes. The system allows for visible sorting of haploid embryos at different stages of development, aiding in early identification and research on haploid formation mechanisms. Additionally, automated sorting equipment has significantly increased sorting efficiency, benefiting maize breeding programs. [Extracted from the article]

Maize, a vital cereal in global agriculture, faces significant yield challenges due to drought exacerbated by climate change. This study explores the genetic and molecular bases of drought resilience in maize, focusing on the EPF/EPFL gene family known for its role in stomatal regulation. Through a genome-wide analysis across seven grass species, we identified and characterized 16 ZmEPF/EPFL genes in maize. Focusing on their gene structure, expression patterns, and evolutionary relationships. The study integrated genome-wide searches, phylogenetic analysis, gene expression profiling under drought and other abiotic stresses, and qRT-PCR validation to elucidate the functional roles of these genes in drought response. Our results demonstrate that specific ZmEPF/EPFL genes are differentially expressed under varying drought conditions, suggesting their involvement in the plant's adaptive response to water scarcity. Furthermore, interaction analyses reveal that these genes are linked to key processes such as stomatal development and oxidative stress management. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the ZmEPF/EPFL gene family's contribution to stomatal development and drought tolerance, offering insights that could guide future breeding strategies for drought-resistant maize varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]