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Benefiting from new materials, innovative structures, advanced techniques, and multiple mechanisms, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are developing vigorously. However, in the pursuit of high-efficiency EMI shielding performance, the electromagnetic pollution caused by excessive secondary reflection has not received enough attention. Electromagnetic radiation is not only harmful to the human body but also interferes with work and degrades the performance of electronic equipment, which brings a lot of trouble to our life and even threatens national defense security. Therefore, developing green EMI shielding is becoming a new hot topic. In this review, the definition and criterion of green EMI shielding are systematically clarified and summarized, and the regulation strategies of green EMI shielding through dielectric/magnetic “genes” and design philosophy are dissected. Moreover, the existing issues and challenges of green electromagnetic functional materials are summarized, and the applications in multifunctional green electromagnetic devices are prospected, which has important guiding significance for future research. Ministry of Education (MOE) Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52273257，52177014，51977009，11774027), and the Ministry of Education, Singapore, under its MOE ARF Tier 2 (Award no. MOE2019-T2-2-179).

Objective. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of various conventional synthetic DMARDs, including Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by network meta-analysis. Methods. We retrieved the related literature from online databases and supplemented it by using a manual retrieval method. Data was extracted from the literature and analyzed with STATA software. Results. A total of 21 trials (5,039 participants) were identified. Assessment of ACR20 response found that TwHF combined with methotrexate (MTX) had the greatest probability for being the best treatment option among the treatments involved, while TwHF used singly was second only to TwHF combined with MTX. Assessment of ACR50 response found that TwHF combined with MTX ranked second in all treatment options after cyclosporine A (CsA) combined with leflunomide (LEF) and TwHF alone, followed by TwHF combined with MTX. Assessment of ACR70 response found that CsA combined with LEF ranked first, TwHF combined with LEF ranked second, TwHF combined with MTX ranked third, and TwHF used singly ranked fourth. In the safety analysis, TwHF had the least probability of adverse event occurrence, followed by TwHF combined with MTX, which ranked first and second, respectively. Conclusion. Compared with the current csDMARDs for treating RA, the efficacy of TwHF was clear, and TwHF combined with MTX performed well under various endpoints. In the future, large, rigorous, and high-quality RCTs are still needed to confirm the benefits of TwHF therapy on RA.

A new multifunctional Zn-MOF (1) based on heptanuclear clusters was synthesized, which can adsorb cationic dyes selectively and serve as a dual-emission sensor for sensitive detection of nitrofuran antibiotics via luminescence quenching process.

Fifth-generation (5G) is as much a challenge as an opportunity. Getting insight into the nature of manipulating electromagnetic (EM) response is greatly imperative to guide the scientific research and technological exploitation at such a critical time. Herein, the dielectric “genes” of graphene-based heterostructure is further demonstrated experimentally and theoretically based on previous work, endowing unlimited possibility to manipulate EM response, even at elevated temperature. The dielectric “genes” categories are successfully discriminated, mainly including conduction network, intrinsic defects, impurity defects, and interfaces, and their temperature evolution is revealed in detail. By multiscale tailoring of “genes”, the maximal reflection loss (RL) is raised up to −58.1 dB at T = 423 K with a greatly reduced matching thickness of 1.16 mm, and the EM interference shielding performance emerges with an effective absorption efficiency (Aeff) higher than 70%. These findings of dielectric “genes” will open up an unexpected horizon for smart material design in the coming 5G age, providing a great boost for promoting the next-generation smart devices, as well as environmental government and protection.

Abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein contributes to the formation of Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra, which is considered the typical pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease. Recent research indicates that angiotensin-(1–7) plays a crucial role in several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we used intraperitoneal administration of rotenone to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 weeks to establish a Parkinson’s disease model. We investigated whether angiotensin-(1–7) is neuroprotective in this model by continuous administration of angiotensin-(1–7) into the right substantia nigra for 4 weeks. We found that angiotensin-(1–7) infusion relieved characteristic parkinsonian behaviors and reduced α-synuclein aggregation in the substantia nigra. Primary dopaminergic neurons were extracted from newborn Sprague-Dawley rat substantia nigras and treated with rotenone, angiotensin-(1–7), and/or the Mas receptor blocker A-779 for 24 hours. After binding to the Mas receptor, angiotensin-(1–7) attenuated apoptosis and α-synuclein aggregation in rotenone-treated cells. Primary dopaminergic neurons were also treated with angiotensin-(1–7) and/or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine for 24 hours. Angiotensin-(1–7) increased α-synuclein removal and increased the autophagy of rotenone-treated cells. We conclude that angiotensin-(1–7) reduces α-synuclein aggregation by alleviating autophagy dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, the angiotensin-(1–7)/Mas receptor axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and angiotensin-(1–7) has potential therapeutic value for Parkinson’s disease. All experiments were approved by the Biological Research Ethics Committee of Nanjing First Hospital (approval No. DWSY-2000932) in January 2020.

To study the virulence variation of enterovirus 71 (EV71) during thermal adaptive evolution, providing references for the prevention and control of the EV71-related hand, foot and mouth disease.Parental strains and thermal-adapted strains originating from EV71 sibling strains (lineage #100 and #101) were used for plaque assay validation, CCK-8 cytotoxicity experiment, and host proteomics studies after Vero cell infection. Plaque morphology and cell inhibition rate of the viral strains were obtained. Mass spectrometry was used to examine and analyze the functions of proteins that were differential expressed in the host cells.Plaque morphology variation was found only in the heat-adapted strain of lineage #101. Increase in cell inhibition rate was observed in all the thermal-adapted strains, but the amount of increase varied in different strains. According to the results of clustering analysis and principal component analysis, after infection of Vero cells, the host cell protein profile of the heat-adapted strains was similar to that of the parental strains and the host cell protein profile of cold-adapted strains was similar to that of cell-adapted strains. It showed that 500 kinds of proteins presented inter-group difference in their expression, with 239 kinds being up-regulated proteins and 261 being down-regulated. The function of the up-regulated proteins were related to post-translational protein modification, while the functions of the down-regulated proteins were related to SRP-dependent cotranslational protein translocation/targeting to membrane and retrograde protein transport.Virulence variations of enterovirus 71 may accompany thermal adaptive evolution, but its mechanism of action still awaits further investigation.

To investigate the influence of age on the function and morphology of patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) and to evaluate the effect and prognostic factors of recurrence of Conbercept treatment on mCNV patients over 50 years. A total of 64 patients (64 eyes) with mCNV were enrolled in this retrospective study. The differences in baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and morphological features on imaging between the younger group (˂ 50 years) and the older group (≥ 50 years) were analyzed. Of all, 21 eyes of 21 mCNV patients aged over 50 years who received Conbercept injection were further analyzed. Between the younger and the older group, significant differences were shown in mean BCVA (0.58 ± 0.28 vs 0.77 ± 0.31), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) (108.17 ± 78.32 μm vs 54.68 ± 39.03 μm) and frequency of vitreoretinal interface abnormalities (VIA) (2 vs 13), respectively (P

Brain iron disequilibrium and dopaminergic dysfunction are key pathophysiological features of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS). Rep1 polymorphism in the promotor region of SNCA is associated with risk of Parkinson's disease, however its association with RLS and iron status is unclear.To investigate SNCA-Rep1 polymorphism in RLS and its phenotypes.We recruited RLS patients as well as age and gender matched healthy controls. Demographic information and clinical features of RLS were recorded. Laboratory examinations were performed to exclude possible secondary causes.215 RLS patients and 369 healthy controls were included. We found that the Rep1 allele 0 homozygosity significantly decreased RLS risk (OR: 0.345; P 0.0001, and remained significant after the Bonferroni correction). Phenotypic analysis demonstrated that longer Rep1 alleles were associated with increased susceptibility to iron deficiency (53.0% vs 36.1%, P = 0.017), however had no phenotypic significant effects on age, gender, onset age, duration, RLS family history, severity, laterality, extra body involvement and seasonal fluctuation. Multivariate logistic regression analyses confirmed long Rep1 allele was associated with higher risk of iron deficiency in RLS after adjusting for potential confounding factors. In detail, Rep1 allele 2 homozygosity was prone to a higher risk of peripheral iron deficiency in RLS (OR: 4.550, P = 0.006, remained significant after the Bonferroni correction).The SNCA-Rep1 variability modified RLS risk and influenced peripheral iron deficiency in this group of Chinese RLS patients. Rep1 allele 0 homozygosity decreased the risk of RLS, while homozygous allele 2 increased the risk of nonanemic iron deficiency in RLS.

Atmospheric pollutants increase the risk of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) which has been widely reported. However, little is known about the relationships between air pollution and specific subsets of AIS, such as wake-up stroke (WUS) and non-wake-up stroke (non-WUS). This study aimed to explore the relationship between WUS and non-WUS and atmospheric pollutants. A total of 1432 patients (331 WUS patients and 1101 non-WUS patients) were admitted to a tertiary hospital from 2016 to 2019. A time-stratified case-crossover design and a conditional logistic regression model to study the associations of change in pollutant concentration with WUS and non-WUS events were constructed. Data analysis revealed that WUS-related risks increased 48 to 72 h after the increase in the PM

AIM: To demonstrate the feasibility of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated nano drug delivery, which was characterized by the “Trojan horse”-like transport of HIF-1α siRNA between MSCs and retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) under hypoxia environment.METHODS: Plasmid and lentivirus targeting the human HIF-1α gene were designed and constructed by Genechem company. HIF-1α siRNA was encapsulated into Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) nanoparticles(NPs) through the water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple emulsion technique. MSCs were transfected with the NPs and the transfection efficacy was evaluated by flow cytometry. Then a transwell co-culture system of MSCs and RPE was constructed under hypoxia environment. The effects of MSC-loaded HIF-1α siRNA PLGA-NPs on proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of RPE cells were then evaluated. The effect on HIF-1α expression of RPE cells was analyzed by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction at the time point 24 h, 3 d and 7 d.RESULTS: The average diameter of PLGA-NPs loaded with HIF siRNA was 314.1nm and the zeta potential was﹣0.36 mV. The transfection efficiency of PLGA NPs was (67.3%±5.2%) into MSCs by using flow cytometry. Compared with the lentivirus group, the PLGA-NPs loaded with HIF-1α siRNA can effectively reduce the expression of HIF-1α mRNA up to 7 days in RPE (0.63±0.05 at 7d, P < 0.001). In the transwell co-culture system of MSCs and RPE, the abilities of proliferation(2.34±0.17 vs 2.40 ± 0.28 vs2.47±0.24 at 48h, F=0.23, P=0.80), apoptosis(14.83 ± 2.43% vs 12.94 ± 2.19% vs 12.39 ± 3.21%; F= 0.70, P=0.53) and migration(124.5± 7.78 vs 119.5± 5.32 vs 130±9.89, F =1.33, P=0.33) of the RPE cells had no differences between MSC-loaded HIF-1α siRNA PLGA-NPs group and other groups. The inhibition of PLGA on the HIF-1α mRNA expression in RPE cells could continue until the 7th day, the level of HIF-1α mRNA was lower than that of other groups (F=171.98, P CONCLUSION: The delivery of PLGA-NPs loaded with HIF-1α siRNA carried by MSCs is found to be beneficial temporally for HIF-1α mRNA inhibition in RPE cells under hypoxia environment. The MSC-based bio-mimetic delivery of HIF-1α siRNA nanoparticles is a potential method for therapy against choroidal neovascularization (CNV).

Wake-up stroke (WUS) is a subgroup of ischemic stroke in which patients show no abnormality before sleep while wake up with neurological deficits. In addition to the uncertain onset, WUS patients have difficulty to receive prompt and effective thrombolytic or reperfusion therapy, leading to relatively poor prognosis. A number of researches have indicated that CT or MRI based thrombolysis and endovascular therapy might have benefits for WUS patients. This review article narratively discusses the pathogenesis, risk factors, imaging-based diagnosis and recanalization treatments of WUS with the purpose of expanding current treatment options for this group of stroke patients and exploring better therapeutic methods. The result showed that multimodal MRI or CT scan might be the best methods for extending the time window of WUS and, therefore, a large proportion of WUS patients could have favorable prognosis.

Flavor loss from sodium reduction is a large challenge faced in the meat industry. The effects of salt mixture (KCl: CaCl2 = 1:1, w/w) content (0%–1.0%) on flavor of reduced‐sodium (1.5% NaCl) restructured bacon with ultrasound treatment (UT, 600 w for 30 min) were investigated. The results showed that 0.5% salt mixture (0.25% KCl and 0.25% CaCl2) could significantly (p, Salt mixture promoted lipid and protein oxidation of the reduced‐sodium UT‐bacon. The 0.5% mixture promoted the release and formation of key volatile flavor compounds. It is promising to develop a technique for improving the flavor of low‐salt bacon.

Aims Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a refractory complication of diabetes. The study aimed to investigate the role of α‐lipoic acid (ALA) on the regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of rats with diabetes. Methods Whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings were employed to measure neuronal excitability in DiI‐labeled DRG neurons of control and streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were used to determine the expression and location of NF‐κBp65 and TRPV1. Results STZ‐induced hindpaw pain hypersensitivity and neuronal excitability in L4‐6 DRG neurons were attenuated by intraperitoneal injection with ALA once a day lasted for one week. TRPV1 expression was enhanced in L4‐6 DRGs of diabetic rats compared with age‐matched control rats, which was also suppressed by ALA treatment. In addition, TRPV1 and p65 colocated in the same DRG neurons. The expression of p65 was upregulated in L4‐6 DRGs of diabetic rats. Inhibition of p65 signaling using recombinant lentiviral vectors designated as LV‐NF‐κBp65 siRNA remarkably suppressed TRPV1 expression. Finally, p65 expression was downregulated by ALA treatment. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that ALA may alleviate neuropathic pain in diabetes by regulating TRPV1 expression via affecting NF‐κB.

The sensitivity of meat gel to digestive enzymes and the overall digestion pattern of the meat product is vital, and exerts an important influence on the growth and metabolism of mice. In order to provide a comprehensive understanding for better usage of resistant starch (RS) in functional meat products, the effects of a mixed gel (MS, a cooked mixture) of lean pork meat and RS on the gastrointestinal digestion and cecal fermentation of mice were investigated via comparing with those of RS-free meat gel (M) and the addition of RS to meat gel (M + S). The results showed that both M + S and MS promoted gastrointestinal digestion and cecal fermentation in mice. Specifically, the MS diet contributed to the hydrolysis of proteins, the formation of beneficial amino acids, and cecal health in spite of the larger particle size for digestion than that of the M + S group. Collectively, mixed gels of meat and RS are prospective for developing healthier meat products.

Stroke-related restless legs syndrome (RLS) is one of stroke-related sleep disorders, which may be due to de novo RLS after stroke onset or an exacerbation of RLS symptoms after incident stroke. To date, the diagnostic rate of stroke-related RLS is low but it has a significant effect on patients' daily life and functional outcome. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and impact on functional outcome of stroke-related RLS.

The in vitro digestion of a mixed gel (MS) of pork muscle and resistant starch (RS) was investigated and the role of the salt-soluble protein (SSP) in the function promotion of the mixed gel was clarified. The results showed that the mixed muscle gel (MS) and the addition of RS to muscle gel (M + S) presented an improved protein digestion, as indicated by a reduced particle size of the hydrolysates, more degradation of proteins with large molecular weight and more generation of free amino acids compared with the RS-free muscle gel (M). Meanwhile, the hydrolysates of the M + S and MS showed intensified DPPH radical scavenging activities. Specifically, the MS exerted preferable properties in protein digestion and antioxidant activity. Similar digestion characteristics were noticed in mixed SSP gels.The current study revealed that the reinforced functionality of the mixed muscle gel was associated with the binding relationships between SSP and RS during cooking.

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of various conventional synthetic DMARDs, includingWe retrieved the related literature from online databases and supplemented it by using a manual retrieval method. Data was extracted from the literature and analyzed with STATA software.A total of 21 trials (5,039 participants) were identified. Assessment of ACR20 response found that TwHF combined with methotrexate (MTX) had the greatest probability for being the best treatment option among the treatments involved, while TwHF used singly was second only to TwHF combined with MTX. Assessment of ACR50 response found that TwHF combined with MTX ranked second in all treatment options after cyclosporine A (CsA) combined with leflunomide (LEF) and TwHF alone, followed by TwHF combined with MTX. Assessment of ACR70 response found that CsA combined with LEF ranked first, TwHF combined with LEF ranked second, TwHF combined with MTX ranked third, and TwHF used singly ranked fourth. In the safety analysis, TwHF had the least probability of adverse event occurrence, followed by TwHF combined with MTX, which ranked first and second, respectively.Compared with the current csDMARDs for treating RA, the efficacy of TwHF was clear, and TwHF combined with MTX performed well under various endpoints. In the future, large, rigorous, and high-quality RCTs are still needed to confirm the benefits of TwHF therapy on RA.

Two-dimensional quantum walks using a two-state coin have simpler experimental implementation than two-dimensional quantum walks using a four-state coin. However, decoherence occurs inevitably during the evolution of quantum walks due to the coupling between the quantum systems and their environment. Thus, it is interesting to investigate the robustness against decoherence for two- and four-state two-dimensional quantum walks. Here, we investigate the effects of the decoherence on two- and four-state two-dimensional quantum walks produced by the broken-link-type noise and compare their robustness against the broken-link-type noise. Specifically, we analyze the quantum correlation between the two spatial dimensions x and y by using measurement-induced disturbance for the two-state quantum walks, i.e. the alternate walk and the Pauli walk, and the four-state quantum walks, i.e. the Grover, Hadamard and Fourier walks, respectively. Our analysis shows that the two-state walks are more robust against the broken-link-type noise than the four-state walks.

Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) is a problem associated with prolonged use of opioids in chronic pain management, and its effective treatment has been hampered by lack of mechanistic evidence. Oligodendrocytes have recently been linked with several pain-related diseases; however, little is known its role in OIH. The prelimbic medial prefrontal cortex (PL-mPFC) has emerged as a significant center of pain regulation, and is rich in oligodendrocytes. Herein we explored the effect of oligodendrocyte apoptosis of PL-mPFC on OIH. Using a fentanyl-induced rat model of OIH and proteomics analysis of the PL-mPFC, we observed a downregulation in 5 types of myelin-related proteins originating from oligodendrocytes; this was further verified by western blotting. Meanwhile, cleaved-caspase 3 (an apoptosis marker) was increased, whereas the oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) marker NG2 remained unchanged. These results suggest that downregulated myelin-related proteins may be associated with oligodendrocyte apoptosis rather than a reduction in their generating source, and immunohistochemistry confirmed this hypothesis. Behaviorally, prophylactic blockade of oligodendrocyte apoptosis by microinjection of z-DEVD-fmk into the PL-mPFC prevented fentanyl-induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, but downregulated myelin basic protein (mbp) gradually recovered in 12 h. We suggest that OIH may be primed in part via oligodendrocyte apoptosis in the PL-mPFC. PERSPECTIVE: In this study we showed that oligodendrocyte apoptosis in the PL-mPFC is a key trigger for fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia. Targeting oligodendrocyte apoptosis in the PL-mPFC may prevented hyperalgesia priming induced by fentanyl.

The effects of resistant corn starch (RCS) (0.1–0.6% w/w) on the water-holding capacity (WHC) and gel strength of chicken breast myosin were investigated. The results showed that RCS could successively increase the WHC and gel strength of myosin-RCS gels (P

The water holding capacity (WHC) of sodium‐reduced (0.3 m sodium chloride, corresponding to the salt percentage (w/v) of 1.755%) myofibrillar protein (MP) gel in response to combined calcium chloride (CaCl₂, 20, 60, 100 mm) and high‐pressure processing (HPP, 200 MPa, 10 min) was investigated. The results showed that 200 MPa + 20 mm CaCl₂ synergistically increased the WHC of MP gel via reducing particle size of MP solutions, strengthening hydrogen‐bonding and disulphide‐bonding, promoting formation of β‐sheet and uncoiling of α‐helix, exposing tryptophan residues, enhancing hydrophobic interactions of aliphatic residues and forming a compact and continuous networked gel structure. However, high concentrations (≥60 mm) of CaCl₂ could attenuate the enhancing effects of HPP on the WHC by inducing decreased hydrogen bonds, fewer tryptophan residues exposed and coarser and aggregated gel structures with large cavities. Therefore, a combined moderate HPP and low concentration of CaCl₂ is a potential alternative for developing sodium‐reduced meat products.

One big issue in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is ignored, that is no consideration of friendliness to overall environment. Developing green EMI shielding materials is significantly imperative, because strong secondary reflection causes extra environment burden and worsening hazard. However, synergy of high efficiency and less secondary reflection remains challenging. Herein, learning from brilliant wisdom of nature, 3D eco-mimetic nanoarchitecture is constructed for the first time, successfully approaching green efficient EMI shielding. It features 3D hierarchical dual conductive nets, microcosmically reconstructing both spatial and functional characteristics of natural electromagnetic attenuation system, with highly integrated functions. Its shielding effectiveness (SE) and green shielding index (gs) can be increased by tailoring graphene cycles, showing potential for dual functions of electromagnetic wave absorbing and shielding. The SE reaches ∼54 dB with favorable gs (∼1.44), low density (∼0.1 g/cm3), and good thermal stability (∼96%). This arises from synergy of promoted electron hopping, induced multiple polarization centers, assembled magnetic resonance and especially, equivalent wedge effect of honeycomb-like surface. Our findings dig out a new way for developing electromagnetic multifunctional materials with light weight, high efficiency and eco-friendliness in the future.

Accurately tailoring electromagnetic (EM) materials for achieving high-performance EM interference (EMI) shielding is significantly imperative with increasing EM pollution worldwide. Green EMI shielding materials are attracting extensive attention because of the less additional environmental hazard caused by the lower secondary reflection. However, the conflict between high efficiency and eco-friendly nature makes green EMI shielding still challenging. In this work, a new strategy of turning a guest into a host is developed for the first time, and a unique WS2–rGO architecture of mountain-like wall is constructed successfully achieving efficient and green EMI shielding. The shielding efficiency (SE) is over 20 dB in the investigated frequency range (2–18 GHz) and the maximum was 32 dB with an endearing green index (gs ≈ 1.0). The efficient and green EMI SE is ascribed to the multilevel structure and intrinsic dielectric properties of the WS2–rGO architecture, including the synergy of relaxation and conduc...

High efficiency and thermal stability are two key factors of ideal electromagnetic attenuation materials, which are becoming desired owing to more complex modern service environment. Herein, a new type of high-temperature microwave absorber, flower-like Co3O4@rGO/SiO2 composite is synthesized by a generic and green fabrication route. It possesses stable microwave absorption (MA) performance in the temperature range from 353 K to 473 K. Particularly, the optimal reflection loss (RL) reaches −52.6 dB with thickness of 1.78 mm at the temperature of 353 K, and maximum bandwidth (RL ≤ −10 dB) of samples can cover the entire X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz) at the thickness of ∼2.00 mm. The excellent high-temperature MA performance can be ascribed to the synergistic effect of the introduced magnetic loss and conduction loss, as well as the multiple polarizations loss of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical structures. Our work confirms that 3D hierarchical Co3O4@rGO/SiO2 sample can provide a novel pathway for designing high-temperature microwave absorbers in the future.

Axiolitic zinc oxide/reduced graphene oxide (ZnO/r-GO) hybrid was achieved by a facile one-step hydrothermal route in this work. The axiolitic ZnO rods with uniform size were equally implanted in r-GO nanosheets. The composites exhibit prominent microwave absorption performance with the Min. RL of −55.7 dB for a thickness of merely 2.0 mm and effective absorption bandwidth covering the whole Ku band, which benefits by the introducing of axiolitic ZnO rods and constructing distinct structures. The synergistic effect of dipole polarization, interface polarization and conductivity manifestly boost the microwave attenuation capacity. The results indicated that the axiolitic ZnO/r-GO hybrid is a promising candidate for application in the field of microwave absorption, electromagnetic interference shielding, communication and safety information, etc.

The utilization of electromagnetic (EM) energy neither is affected by the weather nor produces harmful substances. How to utilize and convert EM energy is of practical concern. Herein, delaminated titanium carbide (D-Ti3C2Tx) MXene nanosheet (NS) was successfully fabricated by the modified Gogotsi's method. The choice of atomic layer processing allows tailoring of layer distance of Ti3C2Tx so as to improve polarization. High-performance EM wave absorption of D-Ti3C2Tx MXene NS composites was obtained, and their comprehensive performance is the best of all Ti3C2Tx-based composites. Due to the competition between conduction loss and polarization loss, the higher the concentration of D-Ti3C2Tx in composites, the more the conversion of EM energy to thermal energy will be. Based on the mechanism, a prototype of thermoelectric generator is designed, which can convert the EM energy into power energy effectively. This thermoelectric generator will be the energy source for low power electric devices. Our finding will provide new ideas for the utilization of EM energy.

Environmentally friendly materials that exhibit high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding are extremely necessary. Herein, we fabricated ultrathin Ti3C2Tx (U-Ti3C2Tx) MXene nanosheets (NS) by atomic-layer tailoring the layer thickness of Ti3C2Tx MXene. The U-Ti3C2Tx NS composites with highly efficient EMI shielding effectiveness can reduce secondary reflection, demonstrating its environmentally friendly performance. The U-Ti3C2Tx NS composite with 80 wt% loading exhibits an EMI shielding effectiveness of 58.1 dB at a thickness of 1 mm. Shielding performance analysis of different layer thicknesses shows that electron transport has an important contribution to the EMI shielding performance. Furthermore, the polarization induced by defects and terminal atoms plays an important role in the EMI shielding performance. Based on the electromagnetic (EM) wave response mechanism, a novel approach to effectively tune the EMI attenuation and shielding effectiveness can be achieved by adjusting the local conductive network. These findings will offer an effective strategy for designing environmentally friendly 2D materials with high-performance EMI shielding.

The combined effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) (20–100 mM) and high pressure processing (HPP, 200 MPa) on the solubility of myofibrillar proteins (MP) was investigated under sodium-reduced conditions (0.3 M sodium chloride). The results revealed that HPP combined with low concentrations (

Inner Mongolian steppe is one of the ecological barriers in China. The variation of water resources is very important for the development of social-economy and the protection of eco-environment. We collected 254 water samples of precipitation, river, and shadow groundwater during wet-season and dry-season of 2018-2019 from Balaguer River watershed and meansured the physical-chemical indicators, δD and δ内蒙古高原草原流域是我国内陆重要的生态屏障,水资源演化对该区域社会经济发展和生态环境保护具有重要意义。本研究选取巴拉格尔河流域为对象,于2018—2019年丰、枯水期采集降水、河水、浅层地下水共254份水样,测定其物理化学指标、δD和δ

Impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are aberrant behavior such as pathological gambling, hypersexuality, binge eating, and compulsive buying, which typically occur as a result of dopaminergic therapy. Numerous studies have focused on the broad spectrum of ICDs-related behaviors and their tremendous impact on patients and their family members. Recent advances have improved our understanding of ICDs. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of ICDs in the setting of PD.

A deep learning intrusion detection algorithm based on stacked denoising autoencoder and extreme learning machine (SDA-ELM) is proposed to solve the problem that the traditional machine learning algorithm can’t cope with the classification of multisource heterogeneous network intrusion data. The algorithm use Dropout regularization to improve the SDA deep learning model, and the integration features of low dimensionality and high robustness are extracted. Then the model use ELM to carry out a supervised learning for the low dimension data to recognize the network attack. The algorithm combines the abstract feature extraction capability of SDA and the fast learning ability of ELM. The experimental results show that the SDA-ELM algorithm improves the accuracy of classification and the detection rate of small sample attacks, reduces the false alarm rate.

Algal organic matter (AOM) and natural organic matter (NOM) from a typical eutrophic lake were comprehensively investigated in terms of their physico-chemical property, components and disinfection byproduct formation potentials (DBPFPs). The relationships between specific chemical properties of AOM and NOM with their corresponding DBPFPs were further evaluated during chlorination. Results indicated that AOM had lower specific UV absorbance (SUVA) but richer organic nitrogen contents than NOM. Fluorescence excitation emission matrix spectroscopy further demonstrated that AOM were chiefly composed of aromatic protein-like and soluble microbial byproduct-like matters, while NOM were mainly contributed from humic acid-like and soluble microbial byproduct-like substances. Although the molecular weight (MW) distribution of AOM and NOM showed no significant difference, size-exclusion chromatography with organic carbon as well as organic nitrogen detection (LC-OCD-OND) revealed that AOM were concentrated with the fraction of building blocks and NOM had higher concentrations of biopolymers and humics (HS). Moreover, AOM displayed higher DBPFPs than NOM, especially for nitrogenous DBPFP (N-DBPFP). MW < 1 kDa fractions both in AOM and NOM contributed the largest proportion to the formation of carbonaceous disinfection byproducts (C-DBPs). In addition, Pearson correlation analysis showed that bulk parameter SUVA was significantly relevant to the formation potentials of trihalomethane both in AOM and NOM, but was ineffective for carbonaceous DBPFP (C-DBPFP) prediction. Dissolved organic nitrogen contents in biopolymer and HS characterized by LC-OCD-OND had strong correlations with N-DBPFPs from AOM and NOM, indicating that LC-OCD-OND quantitative analysis could improve the prediction accuracy of the DBP formation than bulk parameters during NOM and AOM chlorination.

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is manifested as an isolated syndrome of bilateral upper limb action tremor. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, with typical motor symptoms of bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor. ET-PD describes the new-onset of PD in ET patients. Recently, numerous studies on epidemiology, genetics, pathology, clinical features, and neuroimaging studies are challenging the idea that ET is an isolated disease, suggesting that patients with ET have the tendency to develop PD. Methods: In this review article, we collected recent findings that reveal prodromal markers of PD in patients with ET. Results: Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity serves as a prodromal marker for predicting the development of PD in patients with ET and provides a reference for therapeutic strategies. Additional potential markers include other neuroimaging, clinical features, heart rate, and genetics, whereas others lack sufficient evidence. Conclusion: In consideration of the limited research of PD in patients with ET, we are still far from revealing the prodromal markers. However, from the existing follow-up studies on ET patients, Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity may enable further exploration of the relationship between ET and PD and the search for pathogenesis-based therapies.