Search

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent stem cells that generating various neural cells, including neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. This showed that NSCs is an ideal candidate in the application of neural disease treatment. In the current study, we established a simple and efficient method to promote the viability and induce the differentiation of NSCs by stimulating with magnesium.The proliferation and differentiation of NSCs was determined by MTT assay and immunostaining. The behavior alteration was measured by rotorod test and Morris water maze.Magnesium enhanced proliferation in NSCs. The ratio of Nestin+, Ki67+ and GFAP+ progenitor cells was increased in the presence of magnesium. Besides, magnesium induced the glial differentiation instead of neuronal differentiation in NSCs. By contrast, transplantation of Mg2+-treated NSCs in vivo generated more neurons. In established PD models, transplantation of Mg2+-treated NSCs could improve the symptoms and recover the memory.We established a simple and efficient way to promote the proliferation and induce the differentiation of NSCs. More importantly, this may also facilitate to develop a new method to neural disorder treatment.

To evaluate the role of Jiangzhi Xiaoban Tablet (JXT) in improving heartfunction of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and speckle trackingimaging (STI) technology.Recruited were 60 inpatients with confirmed CHD by coronary angiography at First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2013to November 2014. They were assigned to the treatment group (group A) and the control group (groupB) according to random digit table, 30 cases in each group. Patients in group A took JXT, 0.45 g/tablet,4 tablets each time, 3 times per day, while those in group B took Simvastatin Tablet, 20 mg/tablet, 1 tablet each time, once per evening. The therapeutic course for all was 8 weeks. The long axis view of theheart of 18 segments STI Peak strain LS and TDI peak systolic Sa parameters were performed in all patients before and after treatment.Before treatment segments of STI strain LS and TDI longitudinal peak systolic peak Sa were not statistically different between the two groups (P0.05). Each segment of STI peak longitudinal strain LS and TDI peak systolic Sa in the two groups were higher after treatment than before treatment (P0.05). After treatment each segment of STI parameters of LS and eachTDI segment parameters of Sa were significantly lower in group B than in group A (P0.01).JXT could improve heart function of CHD patients to different degrees, and its curative effect was betterthan that of routine Western medicine (Simvastatin Tablets) treatment.

Pulp regeneration caused by endogenous cells homing has become the new research spot in endodontics. However, the source of functional cells that are involved in and contributed to the reconstituting process has not been identified. In this study, the possible role of systemical BMSC in pulp regeneration and the effect of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) on stem cell recruitment and angiogenesis were evaluated. 54 mice were divided into three groups: SDF-1 group (subcutaneous pockets containing roots with SDF-1 absorbed neutralized collagen gel and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) positive BMSCs transplantation via the tail vein), SDF-1-free group (pockets containing roots with gel alone and GFP + BMSCs transplantation) and Control group (pockets containing roots with gel alone). The animals were sacrificed after the roots were implanted into subcutaneous pockets for 3 weeks. Histomorphometric analysis was performed to evaluate the regenerated tissue in the canal by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The homing of the transplanted BMSCs was monitored with a fluorescence microscope and immunohistochemical analysis. The expression of ALP in new formed tissue was detected immunohistochemically. Dental-pulp-like tissue and new vessels were regenerated and GFP-positive BMSCs and expression of ALP could be observed in both SDF-1 group and SDF-1-free group. Furthermore, more GFP+ cells, stronger expression of ALP and stronger angiogenesis were found in the SDF-1 group than in the SDF-1-free group. To conclude, systemic BMSC can home to the root canal and participate in dental-pulp-like tissue regeneration. Intracanal application of SDF-1 may enhance BMSC homing efficiency and angiogenesis.

OBJECTIVE To observe the morphology and proliferation of epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ECRM) during tooth emergence and occlusal function, and to evaluate its roles.Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) was applied as special marker of ECRM cells. The morphology and distribution of ECRM were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. PV two-step immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of CK14 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in ECRM.ECRM experienced instinct morphological changes during tooth emergence and occlusal function. They were observed as network of epithelial cells labeled by CK14, especially in furcation level regions of mouse molars and active cell proliferation during occlusion found period. Cell apoptosis was observed in many ECRM by transmission electron microscopy during late stage of the progess.ECRM may not only an accidental left-over of early embryonic development but rather play significant roles in occlusion found period.

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS), noncollagenous matrix proteins, and cementogenesis.Eighteen BALB/c postnatal mice were divided into five groups according to the developing stages. The mouse teeth were examined at the onset of root development by light and transmission electron microscopy. PV two-step immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), OPN and BSP during the root formation.Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, which derived from the apical extensions of inner and outer enamel epithelium, was formed at 5-day mouse teeth and expressed PCNA positively. During the fuse of inner and outer enamel epithelium, some cells, which displayed the cytologic features of protein synthesis and secretion, could be found between the two epithelium cells. Desmosomal cell junctions were observed. The positive expressions of OPN were observed at the beginning of HERS. An accumulation of OPN could also be observed at the dentin-cementum junction during cementogenesis, but no positive BSP signals were seen at the onset of HERS.At onset of HERS, the inner enamel epithelium, outer enamel epithelium embrace several cells with developed cytoplasmic organelles, which may derive from stratum intermedium or stellate reticulum, and form a structure like enamel organ, which may be associated with initial cementogenesis. OPN, the non collagenous matrix proteins of cementum, may also take part in the formation of the dentin-cementum junction.

Cigarette smoking was a major risk factor for oral hygiene and periodontal status. The study was to investigate the relationship between different exposure to cigarette smoke and apoptosis in stratum spinosum and stratum basale cells of human gingival epithelium.47 smoking patients with crown lengthening surgery or extraction of the impacted teeth were enrolled. It comprised 41 males and 6 females. Their age ranged from 18 to 29 years old (average age: 21.4). According to smoke history (SH), average cigarettes per day (ACD) and total smoke number (TSM), 47 smokers were divided into group I (SH5a or ACD10 and TSM15 thousand, n=19), group II (5aor = SH or 10or = ACD and 15 thousandor =TSM, n=28). Another 10 non-smoking patients were chosen as control. Apoptosis was identified by the terminal deoxy-transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. Differences between the two groups were analyzed using Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK).The criteria for statistical significance was accepted at the probability level P0.05.There was increased apoptosis in stratum spinosumin and stratum basale cells of smokers compared to that of non-smokers. Apoptosis in stratum spinosumin cells was significantly different between smokers and non-smokers (P0.01), between group I and group II (P0.01).It is conclude that exposure to cigarette smoke can increase apoptosis in stratum spinosumin cells of human gingival epithelium, which may influence its normal metabolism and protein secretion.