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Objective: To identify molecular markers of lung squamous cell carcinoma by cDNA microarray technique., Methods: cDNA expression profiles were examined by microarrays of 6 surgical specimens of stage I lung squamous cell carcinomas. Those genes, either up-regulated or down-regulated in every specimen studied, were identified. The expression levels of nm23 and BRCA2 by the squamous cell carcinoma of the lung were further examined by immunohistochemical techniques., Results: A total of 107 genes were identified, of which 26 were up-regulated and 81 were down-regulated in all six specimens. Immunohistochemical staining showed that, compared with normal lung tissues, the intensity of nm23 expression by the squamous cell carcinoma of lung was significantly increased while that of BRCA-2 was decreased., Conclusion: cDNA microarrays can be used to identify gene expression profile of lung cancer, some of which may be used as markers of lung squamous cell carcinoma.