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To further explore the metabolism of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, the cell wall microstructure of Lycium barbarum fruits in different growth periods was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the cell wall polysaccharide content and its degrading enzyme activity were extracted by chemical method. The changes of polysaccharide components in cell wall of Lycium barbarum fruits in different growth periods were analyzed by microcopolymer Raman spectroscopy. The correlation between the content of polysaccharide in cell wall and the activity of degrading enzyme was analyzed. The results showed that the changes of cell wall structure mainly occurred during 28~35 d, with the cell wall becoming significantly thinner, pectin degrading, and the cell wall structure gradually collapsing. Cell wall material (CWM) content increased first and then decreased, and water-soluble pectin (WSP) content increased significantly (P

[Objective] This study was aimed to investigate the effects of the typical ecological management model of “upward retreat and downward push” on soil-microbial C, N and P and their ecological stoichiometric ratios in loess hilly areas. [Methods] Typical land use types (artificial forest land, terrace, and Chuanland) in the loess hilly area of Ningxia were selected to study the response of soil-microbial C, N and P contents to land use changes and to analyze the ecological stoichiometric ratios, microbial entropy (qMBC, qMBN, and qMBP), and stoichiometric imbalances (C∶Nimb, C∶Pimb, and N∶Pimb) among the Relationship. [Results] (1) Under the three typical land use types, SOC, C∶P, and N∶P in artificial forest land were higher than those in terraced and Chuanland, while TP content in agricultural land (terraced and Chuanland) was higher than that in artificial forest land. (2) The contents of soil microbial biomass C, N, and P ranged from 51.56 to 133.19, 7.97 to 21.98, and 4.63 to 12.81 mg/kg, respectively. Among them, soil microbial biomass C, N, and P were in the order of artificial forest land > terrace land > Chuanland. The ratio of microbial biomass C, N, P, C∶Nimb, C∶Pimb, and N∶Pimb had certain characteristics of internal stability and had no significant difference among different land use types. (3) The three typical land use types had significant effects on microbial entropy, with the qMBC ranking as terraced land > artificial forest land > Chuanland, while the qMBN and qMBP ranking as artificial forest land > terrace land > Chuanland. Combined with RDA analysis, it was concluded that microbial biomass C∶P (R2=0.75, p

Abstract The stochastic Green's function method (SGFM), which simulates the source spectra of small earthquakes based on the ω−2 model and follows the scaling law of earthquakes to synthesize into a large earthquake, is a practical ground motion simulation method in areas lacking suitable small earthquake records. However, one of the problems in the application of the SGFM is that the source spectrum synthesized from small earthquakes shows a fall‐off in the mid‐frequency band, as the number of fault divisions of the large earthquake increases. To solve this problem, this study proposes an improved method, which introduces a correction coefficient for the source spectrum according to the ω−2 model and considers the variation of subfault rise time with the rupture process. Taking the 1994 Northridge earthquake as an example, the ground motion simulation results of the improved method are compared with observed records. The results show that only introducing the correction coefficient causes larger amplitude of simulation results than observed records. Only considering the variation of subfault rise time can improve the fall‐off problem to some extent, but the accuracy of ground motion simulation at observation points has no significant improvement. By simultaneously introducing the correction coefficient and considering the variation of subfault rise time, the simulation results are in good agreement with observed records and are able to reproduce the directivity effect at the forward observation points. Therefore, the improved SGFM proposed in this study is an effective and reliable tool for ground motion simulation.

Objective To observe the changes of coagulation function in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) after laparoscopic surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Methods Sixty patients with CRC admitted to The People's Hospital of Kaizhou District, CQ from January to October 2023 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into study group and control group, with 30 cases in each group. The control group underwent laparoscopic surgery, while the study group underwent laparoscopic surgery combined with HIPEC (fluorouracil). The surgical conditions and changes in perioperative coagulation function indicators were observed and compared between two groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the study group and the control group in intraoperative blood loss ［（84.33±40.66）mL vs （100.33±52.82）mL］, surgical time ［（174.77±31.29）min vs （167.67±28.61）min］, anal exhaust time ［（3.17±0.79）d vs （3.03±0.81）d］, and postoperative hospital stay ［（14.23±3.76）d vs （14.70±5.34）d］ (P＞0.05). The levels of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), and D-dimer (D-D) in the two groups showed significant fluctuations over time (P＜0.05), while there was no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups (P＞0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of postoperative complications (20.00% vs 13.33%, χ2=0.481, P=0.488) such as abdominal bleeding, deep vein thrombosis, intestinal obstruction, and anastomotic fistula between the two groups. Conclusion Although laparoscopic surgery leads to enhanced coagulation function and hypercoagulable blood in patients with CRC, the combination of postoperative HIPEC does not increase the risk of postoperative deep vein thrombosis, therefore, HIPEC technology is still safe and reliable.

The veins finder helps the operator clearly display the position, thickness and direction of the blood vessel, so as to improve the puncture efficiency. However, in the process of use, it is often encountered that the hand touches multiple control buttons at the same time, thus affecting the puncture effect. This study introduced the design and use of a medical handheld infrared veins finder. The anti-miscontact function was designed to improve the accuracy and portability in the veins localization procedure. (静脉血管显像仪是帮助操作者清晰地显示血管位置、粗细和方向, 从而提高穿刺效率的一种辅助装置。静脉血管显像仪的手持装置有诸多按键, 在操作过程中存在误触风险。本研究介绍一种医用静脉血管显像装置, 通过设计和制作新型防误触装置, 提高了操作精准度和操作便携性。)

A new type of Ni-free cryogenic steel has been developed by replacing the more expensive Ni with low-cost Mn， which has become a new hot spot in the current research of steel for liquefied natural gas （LNG） storage tanks. The concept and characteristics of cryogenic steel are introduced in the beginning and then the research of high manganese austenitic cryogenic steel at home and abroad are introduced in this paper. In addition， the requirements on composition and properties of high manganese austenitic cryogenic steel in national and group standards are listed in detail. By comprehensive analysing the effects of different elements on the mechanical properties of high manganese austenitic cryogenic steel， it is concluded that Fe-24Mn-0.45C-3Cr-0.5Cu series high manganese austenitic cryogenic steel has excellent comprehensive properties， and can be used as a reference for the optimization of composition of high manganese austenitic cryogenic steel design. For the welding process， heat treatment can effectively improve the low temperature toughness of high manganese steel. And the research shows that considering the low temperature toughness， shielded metal are welding has better effect than that of submerged arc welding， although there is no big difference between yield strength and tensile strength

Scale deposits and metal corrosion in circulating cooling water systems can lead to reduced heat transfer efficiency and increased energy consumption in circulating water systems，seriously affecting the safe and stable operation of industrial production. This paper takes the electrochemical descaling equipment of a plant’s circulating water system as a case study，and provides a basis for the application of electrochemical technology for the treatment of circulating cooling water by analyzing its treatment effects and economic benefits. Operational results from the site show that the electrochemical descaling equipment used in the plant can effectively improve water quality，prevent scaling and control the corrosion of the circulating cooling water system. It can reduce 4.38×105 t of water recharge and discharge from the circulating water system each year，and significantly reduce the amount of chemicals added. Economic calculations show that the electrochemical descaling equipment can save approximately 2.129 million yuan per year.

The microstructure and properties of powder metallurgy high-speed steel prepared by hot isostatic pressing with different heat treatments have been studied. The microstructure, phase composition, effect of quenching and tempering parameters, fracture morphology, and mechanical properties of the sample are discussed in detail. The H-HSS sample presents the characteristics of the powder prior to the particle boundary and consists of carbide and ferrite, in which the carbides are fine and evenly dispersed without segregation. The bending strength and hardness of the H-HSS sample are 3112 MPa and 56.3 HRC, respectively. The Q-HSS sample is mainly composed of martensite, residual austenite, and carbides. With the increase in quenching temperature, the grain size of the matrix gradually grows, and the small carbide particles dissolve into the matrix, causing an increase in carbide size and a decrease in quantity. The bending strength and hardness of the Q-HSS sample quenched at 1210 °C achieve the maximum values of 3114 MPa and 68.8 HRC, respectively. After tempering, the martensite is transformed from a quenched lath shape to a needle shape, the residual austenite content decreases, and secondary carbides precipitate from the matrix, resulting in a secondary hardening. The T-HSS sample that is quenched at 1120 °C followed by tempering at 550 °C for 20 min has the best bending strength of 4355 MPa. However, the T-HSS sample that is quenched at 1240 °C followed by tempering at 550 °C for 120 min has a maximum hardness value of 69.5 HRC. The fracture mode of Q-HSS sample is brittle fracture, and the fracture mechanism is cleavage fracture. After tempering, the fracture mechanism of the T-HSS sample presents a transitional fracture mode between the cleavage fracture and micropore aggregation fracture.

Dimensional deviations in the cage pocket of a roller bearing can significantly affect the bearing’s dynamic performance, directly determining the positional stability of the roller. These deviations can result in roller misalignment, increasing friction and wear. Deviations arise from machining errors and deformation during motion, etc. A dynamic model of a cylindrical roller bearing that accounts for cage flexibility was developed to explore the impact of deviations. The flexible cage provides a more realistic representation compared to the rigid cage. The effects of deviations in the length and width of the cage pocket on the bearing’s dynamic behavior were analyzed, and the results show that deviations in cage pocket dimensions lead to notable changes in bearing dynamics. Specifically, when the length deviation is negative and increasing, the amplitude of cage motion decreases, while both transitional and rotational speeds rise. It also causes greater fluctuations in the rotational speeds of the inner ring and rollers. Conversely, the cage’s equivalent stress and the contact load decrease and the amplitude of cage motion increases with increases in width deviation.

Our objective was to evaluate the long-term prognostic value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-I (hs-cTn-I) in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). First, patients were divided into an end-event group (n = 55) and a non-end-event group (n = 67). Then, patients were included in the subgroup analysis to compare the diagnostic value of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and hs-cTn-I in different populations. hs-cTn-I and BNP concentrations were higher in the end-event group. The Cox regression analysis indicated that high hs-cTn-I was a risk factor for poor long-term prognosis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for hs-cTn-I to predict end events was 0.751, and the AUC for BNP was 0.742. The correlation analysis suggested that hs-cTn-I was related to the percentage change in left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastolic and left ventricular ejection fraction. Subgroup analysis showed that compared with BNP, hs-cTn-I was more suitable for predicting end events in patients with preserved renal function (AUC: 0.853 vs 0.712, P = 0.04). In conclusion, hs-cTn-I is a potential biomarker for evaluating long-term prognosis in idiopathic DCM, and its predictive value is higher than that of BNP in patients with preserved renal function.

Objective: In order to improve the energy efficiency of the transcritical two stage CO2 refrigeration system, the conventional exergy analysis and advanced exergy analysis of the system were conducted. Methods: Advanced exergy analysis provides more valuable information on the interaction between system components and the potential for component improvement by splitting the exergy destruction into endogenous/exogenous and unavoidable/avoidable parts. Results: The results indicated that the transcritical two stage CO2 refrigeration system had significant potential for efficiency improvement. The priority of the optimized components from conventional and advanced exergy analysis was different. The advanced exergy analysis showed that performance optimization of the high-pressure stage compressor, low-pressure stage compressor and evaporator were the focus of improving system energy efficiency. Conclusion: The endogenous avoidable exergy destruction of the high-pressure stage compressor, low-pressure stage compressor and evaporator accounted for 20.9%, 15.2% and 36.5% of the endogenous avoidable exergy destruction of the system, respectively. The improvement of the high-pressure stage compressor, low-pressure stage compressor and evaporator are able to reduce their exergy destruction by 58.8%, 49.3% and 90.2%, respectively. The conventional exergy analysis cannot provide such recommendations.

China has the world’s largest fisheries industry that has provided a healthy and high-quality food source. Currently, guaranteeing national food security, implementing an all-encompassing approach to food, and establishing a diversified food supply system all pose a great demand for the high-quality development of China’s fisheries industry. This study explores the development status and trend of fisheries in China from the aspects of fishery resources and capture, aquaculture and marine ranching, and aquatic product processing and circulation, and examines major problems through industry research and extensive discussion. Industry development goals and key measures are further proposed. Results found that the pressure on offshore capture is too high, understanding of deep-sea and polar resources is insufficient, the independent capability of technologies and equipment is inadequate, the mechanized, automatic, and intelligent levels of aquaculture are low, high-quality feed and raw materials rely heavily on imports, the basic software and hardware capabilities of the intelligent fisheries are deficient, and the aquatic product processing capacity is lagging behind. Therefore, the following key measures are proposed: conservation and restoration of offshore fishery resources, development and scientific utilization of deep-sea fishery resources, construction and application of a new technology system for green and healthy aquaculture, research and application of deep-sea aquaculture platform technologies, construction and promotion of new aquaculture models, and green processing and high-value utilization of aquatic products.Through the high-quality development of fisheries, China is expected to become advantageous in fisheries science and technology by 2035, with a total output of 8.1×107 t of aquatic products. By 2050, intelligent fisheries is expected to be realized in China, outputting 1×108 t of aquatic products.

Aiming at the problem of low accuracy and sensitivity of outer strand breakage monitoring of optical cable, a high-precision monitoring method of outer strand breakage of optical cable based on optical fiber temperature sensing is designed. The high-speed data acquisition circuit, signal amplification and photoelectric conversion circuit of optical fiber temperature sensor are analyzed to obtain the optimal monitoring mode. The optical fiber temperature sensor is arranged on the optical cable to collect the outer strand breaking temperature data. Wavelet de-noising method is introduced to construct the signal model of optical cable outer temperature data, separate the effective signal and noise, and realize the high-precision monitoring of optical cable strand breakage. Taking 24B1-45 and 24B1-08 Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire (OPGW) optical cables as examples, the experimental results show that the signal-to-noise ratio of optical fiber temperature sensor can reach 152 and 157 dB, and the response frequency can reach 6 230 and 6 310 times/s. After the application of this method, it can ensure that it is not subject to too much interference with high monitoring accuracy, and meet the requirements of high-precision monitoring. Therefore, it can effectively detect the broken strand of the outer layer of the optical cable through the temperature, which provide a reliable guarantee for the fault monitoring of the outer layer of the optical cable in remote areas.

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by dopamine deficiency in the corpus striatum due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Symptoms include bradykinesia, resting tremors, unstable posture, muscular rigidity, and a shuffled gait. Thalictrum foetidum is traditionally used for neurodegenerative disorders. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of aqueous ethanolic extract of Thalictrum foetidum (AETF) against Parkinson-like symptoms and to investigate its underlying mechanism. Methodology: Thirty-six albino mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 6): normal control, disease control, standard treatment (levodopa/carbidopa, 100/25 mg/kg), and 3 treatment groups (AETF at 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg). One hour before treatment, haloperidol (1 mg/kg, i. p .) was administered to induce Parkinson’s disease in all groups except the normal control group. Results: Behavioral analysis showed significant improvement ( P < .001) in motor function, muscular coordination, and reduced muscular rigidity and tremors. AETF also reduced oxidative stress. Histological examination of the brain showed reduced Lewy bodies, neurofibrillary tangles, and plaque formation. Conclusion: AETF alleviated PD symptoms by reducing neurodegeneration, modulating oxidative stress, and inhibiting the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and associated inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).

In this paper, firstly, we propose the eigenvalue-based goodness-of-fit algorithm to evaluate intestinal microorganisms and liver cancer, based on the basic principle of one-sided right-tailed fitting criterion, using the covariance matrix of the signal can capture the correlation between signal samples, and the maximum-minimum eigenvalue-based goodness-of-fit detection algorithm can be obtained. Secondly, based on the eigenvalue goodness-of-fit algorithm, a training set and a test set were tested using the full-dimensional clinical data set of enrolled cases to construct a prediction model for the risk of metastatic recurrence after HCC surgery and to select evaluation indexes for the prediction model. Then, to further clarify the diagnostic role of lgEr/lgFp on hepatocellular carcinoma, its intestinal microorganism lgEr/lgFp was analyzed with the diagnostic role of AFP on hepatocellular carcinoma. The results showed that for lgEr/lgFp ratio, the analysis was compared between the high AFP cirrhosis group and liver cancer group and the low AFP liver cancer group and cirrhosis group, and it was found that there was a highly significant difference P

AbstractObjectives The objective of this study was to develop clinical scores to predict the risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission in patients with COVID-19 and end stage kidney disease (ESKD).Methods This was a prospective study in which 100 patients with ESKD were enrolled and divided into two groups: the ICU group and the non-ICU group. We utilized univariate logistic regression and nonparametric statistics to analyze the clinical characteristics and liver function changes of both groups. By plotting receiver operating characteristic curves, we identified clinical scores that could predict the risk of ICU admission.Results Out of the 100 patients with Omicron infection, 12 patients were transferred to the ICU due to disease aggravation, with an average of 9.08 days from hospitalization to ICU transfer. Patients transferred to the ICU more commonly experienced shortness of breath, orthopnea, and gastrointestinal bleeding. The peak liver function and changes from baseline in the ICU group were significantly higher, with p values .05).Conclusion Patients with ESKD and Omicron infection who are transferred to the ICU are more likely to have abnormal liver function. The baseline PALBI and NLR scores can better predict the risk of clinical deterioration and early transfer to the ICU for treatment.

Mercury intrusion experiment is widely used in porous material characterization because of its simple model, wide testing range, high speed and high precision. However, lignite samples are easy to be affected by Hemp skin effect and matrix compression effect due to low metamorphic degree, weak compaction and soft coal quality, resulting in large error in test results. In order to improve the test accuracy, the mercury injection data of lignite samples in Erlian basin were corrected. Firstly, based on the cumulative mercury injection curve and fractal characteristics, the displacement pressure and hemp skin coefficient are determined. Secondly, aiming at the deficiency of traditional matrix compression correction method in low-pressure section and over correction in high-pressure section, a new method based on cubic spline interpolation and subsection to obtain matrix compression coefficient of coal sample is proposed to improve data utilization and accuracy of correction results. Finally, the pore development of lignite samples in this area was analyzed by combining mercury injection and liquid nitrogen adsorption experimental data. The results show that the hemp skin effect mainly affects the pressure range of < 0.0274 MPa, and the average hemp skin coefficient is 16.9%. Based on the new method, the average matrix compressibility of lignite samples in this area ranges from 1.73 to 3.48 × 10−4 MPa−1, with an average of 2.28 × 10−4 MPa−1. With the increase of pore fluid pressure, organic matter content and mineral based humic group content, the matrix compressibility increases. Before and after correction, the mercury intake decreases by 0.0383-0.079 2 mL/g, with an average decrease of 35.1%. The pore volume (> 1.7 nm) of lignite in the study area is between 0.03-0.25 cm3/g, with an average of 0.15 cm3/g. The average pore volume from micropore to macropore is 12.5%, 16.8%, 16.2% and 54.5%, respectively. The specific surface area of B-E-T is between 2.4-37.19 m2/g, with an average of 13.85 m2/g, which is mainly provided by micropores. The pore size distribution curve of coal sample can be divided into I (>5 μm), Ⅱ(0.1-5 μm), Ⅲ(

The flexible DC line protection based on the double-ended method with large communication and long action time is greatly affected by factors such as noise, which makes it difficult to set. Based on this, a pilot protection method of flexible DC line based on Jaccard similarity integration criterion is proposed. Firstly, the fault characteristics of voltage and current change rate in the case of internal and external faults of flexible DC lines are analyzed, and the conversion relationship between analog quantities and logical quantities is constructed respectively. Then a Jaccard similarity model based on the comparison of logical quantities under the 0.5 ms data window is proposed. The integrated criterion is constructed with high similarity to realize fault type identification, and fault starting and fault pole selection criteria are not required. Finally, the double-ended longitudinal protection scheme based on the comparison of logical quantities realizes the rapid protection of the flexible DC line. The scheme is easy to be implemented, because the protection principle of that is simple with fast action speed. Using the four-terminal flexible straight model built by PSCAD/EMTDC, the protection effectiveness in various scenarios such as different fault types, high-resistance grounding, and noise interference inside and outside the zone were verified.

Summary: China’s progress in decarbonizing its transportation, particularly vehicle electrification, is notable. However, the economically effective pathways are underexplored. To find out how much cost is necessary for carbon neutrality for the light-duty vehicle (LDV) sector, this study examines twenty decarbonization pathways, combining the New Energy and Oil Consumption Credit model and the China-Fleet model. We find that the 2060 zero-greenhouse gas (GHG) emission goal for LDVs is achievable via electrification if the battery pack cost is under CNY483/kWh by 2050. However, an extra of CNY8.86 trillion internal subsidies is needed under pessimistic battery cost scenarios (CNY759/kWh in 2050) to eliminate 246 million tonnes of CO2-eq by 2050 ensuring over 80% market penetration of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in 2050. Moreover, the promotion of fuel cell electric vehicles is synergy with BEVs to mitigate the carbon abatement difficulties, decreasing up to 34% of the maximum marginal abatement internal investment.

Mangroves are one of the most important wetland ecosystems. The development of fisheries in tropical and subtropical bays or estuaries is closely associated with mangroves since the high heterogeneity of the mangrove ecosystem provides a suitable habitat for marine organisms. However, multiple factors have led to a significant reduction in mangroves, such as water pollution, disease, insect pests, invasive alien species, and climate change. It is crucial to understand the relationships among organisms, as well as the interactions between organisms and their environment, by studying the ecological niche width and overlap of species. Therefore, two new perspectives of ecological niche width and ecological niche overlap were used to understand the interspecific ecological relationships, competition mechanisms, and resource utilization status of fish communities in mangrove forests. Based on the data collected during seasonal sampling in July 2019 (summer), October 2019 (autumn), January 2020 (winter), and May 2020 (spring) in the Nanliujiang Estuary, the index of relative importance (IRI), Shannon index, and Pianka index were employed to analyze the temporal and spatial niche of the main fish species in the mangrove creeks and to study niche differentiation among the main fish species by redundancy analysis. A total of 17,680 individual fish were collected in this study, belonging to 12 orders, 23 families, 37 genera, and 45 species. Ten main fish species with IRI>100 were identified. Among the main fish species, the temporal niche breadth ranged from 0.46 to 1.78, with the highest of which belonging to Butis butis (1.78) and the lowest belonging to Pseudogobius javanicus (0.46). The spatial niche breadth ranged from 0.81 to 2.05, with the highest of which belonging to Synechogobius ommaturus (2.05) and the lowest belonging to P. javanicus (0.81). The spatiotemporal niche breadth of six species was greater than 2 (wide-niche species) that included Mugil cephalus, Coptodon zillii, Bostrychus sinensis, S. ommaturus, B. butis, and Pisodonophis boro. With regard to overlap, the temporal niche overlap between M. cephalus and P. javanicus was the highest (0.928), whereas that between Ambassis urotaenia and Terapon jarbua (0.001) was the lowest. The spatial niche overlap between A. urotaenia and Gambusia affinis was the highest (0.979), whereas that between M. cephalus and P. javanicus (0.178) was the lowest. Finally, the spatiotemporal niche overlap between C. zillii and P. javanicus was the highest (0.822), whereas that between A. urotaenia and Terapon jarbua (0.001) was the lowest. The two-dimensional temporal and spatial niche pairs in the mangrove creeks of the Nanliujiang River Estuary significantly overlapped (Qik > 0.6), accounting for 6.7% of the total species pairs, indicating that the temporal and spatial distributions of species were quite different and the temporal and spatial niche overlap was affected by seasonal changes. Redundancy analysis revealed that the main factors affecting spatiotemporal niche differentiation of the main fish species in the mangrove creeks of the Nanliujiang Estuary were water temperature, salinity, and Chlorophyll a. And the main fish biomass in winter was positively correlated with salinity; the main fish biomass in spring was positively correlated with dissolved oxygen, pH and Chlorophyll a; the main fish biomass in summer was positively correlated with total organic carbon, water temperature and Chlorophyll a; the main fish biomass in autumn was positively correlated with total nitrogen, turbidity and total phosphorus.

Cefotetan is widely used to treat bacterial infections in the clinic owing to its broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. In the present study, we demonstrate that cefotetan can bind to the conserved ligand-binding pocket of human Raf1 kinase inhibitory protein (hRKIP), which acts as a negative regulator of the Ras/Raf1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. The cefotetan-bound hRKIP adopts a rigid structure with insufficient space for binding Raf1 kinase, thereby reliving the inhibitory activity of hRKIP in the Ras/Raf1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and enhancing the phosphorylation level of ERK. Both NMR titration and molecular docking approaches show that several residues (P74, Y81, W84, P111, P112, K113, S142, G143, D144, W173, P178, Y181 and L184) play crucial roles in hRKIP binding cefotetan. NMR dynamics analysis reveals that the binding of cefotetan with hRKIP promotes ps-ns internal motion but reduces μs-ms conformational exchange for residues in the cefotetan-binding pocket of hRKIP. Our results not only disclose the structural basis of cefotetan upregulating the Ras/Raf1/MEK/ERK signaling pathway but also benefit developing novel drugs against diseases caused by the impaired Ras/Raf1/MEK/ERK pathway.

Abstract In order to solve the problems of different visual angles, such as large brightness and colour difference, and obvious image splicing trace, an algorithm of ring image fusion based on colour correction is proposed in this paper. According to the algorithm in this paper, a Matlab toolbox was made for image fusion simulation experiment. Structural similarity (SSIM) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of this method in reducing illumination and contrast difference and the mean value of SSIM was 0.8166. The algorithm is measured in the development board and accelerated by graphic processing unit to achieve the computing efficiency of 18 ms per frame and meet the real‐time requirements of the system.

The phenomenon of shock wave/boundary layer interaction is inevitable in the supersonic flow field. The existence of this phenomenon will have a series of adverse effects on the inner and outer flow fields of the supersonic vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to control the shock wave/boundary layer interaction. Microjet active flow control method has become a research hotspot in the field of flow control in recent years. This paper summarizes the latest research progress of microjet active flow control method in the control of shock/boundary layer interaction, comprehensively analyzes the factors affecting the control effect of single-hole microjet and microjet arrays. In addition, it discusses the shortcomings and development prospects of current research. This paper can provide some references for related research.

Abstract Background The postoperative clinical outcomes has been extensively demonstrated to correlate with the coronal alignment after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, in different studies, either the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) on a full-length radiograph or the femorotibial angle (FTA) on a short knee film was used to categorize the postoperative coronal alignment. Meanwhile, several different FTA ranges were regarded as neutral alignment in different studies. As a result, it is still unknown that how FTA on short knee films and HKA related to each other. The FTA may be able to become an accurate proxy of HKA to predict the coronal alignment. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between the FTA and the HKA after TKA and to find the most accurate FTA range. Methods About 223 patients were included in this study and standard weight-bearing short knee films as well as full-length radiographs were acquired. The pre- and postoperative FTA, as well as the postoperative anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA) and anatomical medial proximal tibial angle (aMPTA) were measured on short knee films by two orthopedic surgeons independently. On full-length films, the pre- and postoperative FTA, the pre- and postoperative HKA, as well as the postoperative mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA) and mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA) were also recorded by two other surgeons independently. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to compare FTA and HKA, aMTPA and mMTPA, aLDFA and mLDFA, respectively. Results The postoperative FTA and HKA had a good correlation (r = 0.86). The agreements were reached 82.7%, 71.0%, and 68.2% of all patients using three previously reported FTA ranges. When analyzing the independent alignment of the tibial tray and the femoral component, 84.1% and 57.9% of all patients was reached an agreement on the classification. Conclusions On most occasions, the consistence between the FTA and HKA in assessing the coronal limb alignment of the lower extremity and the tibial component is satisfactory. However, the postoperative full-length film is still needed to evaluate accurately the coronal alignment of the femoral component.

The intelligent container system improves the container operation efficiency through the real-time collection and transmission of information.In order to ensure the ultra reliable and low delay communication of container terminals,this paper pro-poses to transmit the information in the form of the short packets,and studies the sum rate maximization of the uplink transmission system for the railway container terminals in the multi cells.This paper proposes a spectrum resource allocation problem.Multiple cells share spectrum resources,and the terminals in the cells obtain the spectrum through competition.The game theory model is used to construct this competition relationship,and Nash equilibrium solution is proved.The best Nash equilibrium solution is the global optimal solution for system and rate maximization.Then,a distributed iterative algorithm is designed,which only needs local information interaction.It is proved theoretically that when the smoothing coefficient is small enough,the algorithm can converge to the best Nash equilibrium point with any high probability.Finally,the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has fast convergence speed and is better than best response dynamics(BRD) algorithm and No-regret algorithm.

In this paper, a finite element model of the floating spline pair is first established, and the distribution of the contact pressure on the tooth surface of the spline with the axis and angular misalignment is analyzed. Then, the effects of axial misalignment and angular eccentricity on tooth fretting damage were evaluated, based on Ruiz fretting damage parameters. Finally, a floating spline wear fatigue damage model considering the wear effect is established based on the energy dissipation and critical plane SWT model, and the fretting fatigue cumulative damage distribution and life of the tooth surface under axial and angular misalignment are analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the misalignment of the axis makes the contact pressure distribution of each tooth uneven, and the RFFDP value of the most dangerous tooth is parabolic along the x direction, that is, serious fretting damage may occur at both ends of the tooth surface, and the crack initiation position on the tooth occurs near x/L=0. The angular misalignment makes the tooth contact only at one end edge, and the RFFDP value of the most dangerous tooth increases along the x direction, showing an exponential growth trend, reaching the maximum at x/L=1, and the crack initiation position occurs at near x/L=1. With the increase of axis or angular misalignment, the damage phenomenon of the floating spline tooth surface becomes more obvious, and the wear-fatigue life decreases sharply.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of 18F-labeled PSMA PET/CT for regional lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database from January 1, 2000 to May 31, 2021 for the studies about the diagnosis of 18F-labeled PSMA PET/CT for regional lymph node metastasis and staging in prostate cancer. Two investigators screened literature, extracted relevant data and assessed the quality of the literature independently. The meta-analysis was performed using Meta-disc 1.4 and Stata 16.0 software. Results A total of 8 studies were finally included for the analysis, consisting of 754 prostate cancer patients and 2101 lymph nodes. The results of this meta-analysis showed pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, pooled positive likelihood ratio, pooled negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic ratio were 0.82 (95%CI: 0.61-0.93), 0.98 (95%CI: 0.91-1.00), 45.7 (95%CI: 9.0-231.3), 0.18 (95%CI: 0.07-0.45) and 251 (95%CI: 34-1851), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.97 (95%CI: 0.95-0.98). Conclusion 18F-labeled PSMA PET/CT has a high diagnostic value for regional lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer.

To solve the problem that the Houfeng Seismograph’s directional function’s historical record was generally questioned. The analysis concludes that the spherical pendulum seismic measurement scheme may be a feasible restoration scheme with Rayleigh wave（the main component of non-local earthquakes） as wave source. A nonlinear complete mechanical model of the spherical pendulum under Rayleigh wave excitation is established. The equation of motion was derived. The approximate solution is obtained using the perturbation method. The results show that: the spherical pendulum restoration model has a directional response to Rayleigh waves. The magnitude of the directional response is related to the amplitude of the Rayleigh wave, as well as the frequency ratio and damping of the system. Combined with historical records to study the restoration models of the weather seismograph, the spherical pendulum model is the best restoration model for Zhang Heng’s Hou Feng seismograph in many aspects. This conclusion is an important theoretical basis to prove the historical authenticity of the Houfeng Seismograph.

The authenticity of the Houfeng seismograph, invented by the great scientist of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Heng, has been questioned by the outside world, because it has not yet been restored to a recognized model after being lost. The first major problem in the research on the restoration of the Houfeng seismograph is that the actual performance of the Houfeng seismograph is not clear, another major problem is the lack of effective performance inspection methods. In view of the two major problems, and based on the seismic mechanism analysis of the seismograph, the seismic performance and the anti-interference performance of the Houfeng seismograph, a test wave method is proposed, which takes the seismic sensitivity and anti-interference performance of the Houfeng seismograph as the criteria for testing whether the Houfeng seismograph responds to the test wave or not. Based on the determination of two kinds of test waves, namely the responsive test-wave and the unresponsive test-wave, a new restoration scheme of the Houfeng seismograph based on the response spectrum is proposed, and the natural vibration period（1.5 s～2.5 s） and response critical value（5 mm～10 mm） of the Houfeng seismograph are derived. An experimental prototype was developed, and the test showed that the restoration model meets the seismic display and anti-interference requirements of the Houfeng seismograph, and confirms the historical records authenticity of the Houfeng seismograph.

Objective To explore the mechanism of secondary resistance to imatinib(IM) in gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST). Methods Ten IM-resistant and ten IM-sensitive GIST patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from December 2018 to April 2021 were selected, and their tumor tissues were obtained by surgery or needle biopsy. The IM-resistant strain GIST-T1R of GIST was constructed by gradient addition using purchased IM-sensitive parental cells GIST-T1S. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to detect the expression of erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular (EPH) B2 in IM-sensitive or IM-resistant cells and tissues at RNA and protein levels, respectively. After knockdown or overexpression of EPHB2 in GIST cell lines, CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability to determine the half inhibitory concentration(IC50) of IM on cells, and clone formation assay was used to detect the effect of EPHB2 on cell proliferation ability. Results EPHB2 was significantly overexpressed in GIST tissues of patients with secondary IM-resistance(P＜0.01).Compared with GIST-T1S cells, EPHB2 RNA and protein levels were significantly up-regulated in GIST-T1R cells(P＜0.01). In GIST-T1S cells, overexpressing EPHB2 significantly increased the IC50 of IM on cells, and knocking down of EPHB2 significantly decreased the IC50 of IM on cells(P＜0.01). Conclusion EPHB2 mediates IM-resistance of GIST cells and promotes their malignant proliferation.

In this retrospective study, we studied the impact of educational osteoporosis program on the rates of bone mineral density (BMD) assessment and bone turnover markers (BTM) and drug medications in the patients with hip fracture.

Summary: Larger vehicles, such as sports utility vehicles, consume more energy than cars. Their increasing popularity runs contrary to the goal of fuel economy regulations to reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions and can be explained by consumer preference and lower regulation stringency, which is due to footprint, truck classification, and the omission of heterogenous lifetime vehicle distance traveled among vehicle classes. This study shows that, for both the US and China, large vehicles travel more, last longer, and are owned by higher income consumers. This means large vehicles and their high-income owners use more fuel and emit more pollutants than represented by current policy and thus raises both policy effectiveness and energy equity concerns. We propose and estimate Sales Adjustment Factors that weigh fuel economy standards based on vehicle lifetime usage and demonstrate the resultant significant improvements in the effectiveness and equity of fuel economy regulations.

The direct coal liquefaction process usually produces a liquefaction residue of about 30% of its coal feed. The effective utilization of the coal liquefaction residue (CLR), which contains about 80% organic matter, is of great significance for improving the oil yield of the direct liquefaction process and reducing the amount of pollution emitted from this oil-containing organic solid waste. In this study, the CLR fluidized bed pyrolysis process was studied through a fluidized bed reactor pyrolysis experiment and steady-state thermal analysis. The characteristics of CLR were first analyzed, and then the pyrolysis experiment was conducted in a fluidized bed reactor system. The experiment results show that the oil yield is 34.81% at 540°C for an ash-free feedstock using a fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor. Based on the pyrolysis experimental data and the Aspen Plus software platform, the fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor, fractionation column, coke burner, gasifier, and other equipment were modeled to compare four different process schemes. CLR pyrolysis is an endothermic reaction, and its heat is usually supplied by coke combustion, which produces significant CO2 emissions. Case studies of the pyrolysis process were performed in detail in order to reduce CO2 emissions. Thermal efficiency, carbon efficiency, solid waste discharge, and CO2 emissions of the different schemes were compared, and a flexible fluidized pyrolysis (FFP) process coupled with water electrolysis was proposed. The introduction of green hydrogen and green oxygen to the process can realize near-complete utilization of carbon and hydrogen elements in the CLR and produce high-quality liquid fuels and syngas (for further chemical synthesis), and this new process can achieve almost near-zero CO2 emission in the entire unit. This process principle can also be applied to the CO2 emission reduction of organic solid waste pyrolysis, catalytic fluid cracking, fluid coking, and so on.

Battery life management is critical for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) to prevent dangerous situations such as overcharging and over-discharging, which could cause thermal runaway. PHEVs have more complex operating conditions than EVs due to their dual energy sources. Therefore, the SOH estimation for PHEV vehicles needs to consider the specific operating characteristics of the PHEV and make calibrations accordingly. Firstly, we estimated the initial SOH by combining data-driven and empirical models. The data-driven method used was the incremental state of charge (SOC)-capacity method, and the empirical model was the Arrhenius model. This method can obtain the battery degradation trend and predict the SOH well in realistic applications. Then, according to the multiple characteristics of PHEV, we conducted a correlation analysis and selected the UF as the calibration factor because the UF has the highest correlation with SOH. Finally, we calibrated the parameters of the Arrhenius model using the UF in a fuzzy logic way, so that the calibrated fitting degradation trends could be closer to the true SOH. The proposed calibration method was verified by a PHEV dataset that included 11 vehicles. The experiment results show that the root mean square error (RMSE) of the SOH fitting after UF calibration can be decreased by 0.2–14% and that the coefficient of determination (R2) for the calibrated fitting trends can be improved by 0.5–32%. This provides more reliable guidance for the safe management and operation of PHEV batteries.

Objective: To assess application value of artificial intelligence software DEEPVESSEL FFR(DV-FFR) in evaluating CTA (computed tomography angiography) of coronary ischemia. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, and self-control study, and 21 vessels in 18 patients with coronary artery narrow (degree between 30%-90%) were included. Coronary ischemia was evaluated by DV-FFR and invasive FFR, and the efficiency of DV-FFR for diagnosing coronary ischemia was assessed by comparison with the results of golden criterion (invasive FFR). Based on data obtained from CTA DICOM, the blood vessel images were segmented and reconstructed by DV-FFR with deep learning technology, and vessel centerlines was obtained. FFR was calculated using3-D geometric auto-quantitative technology to assess ischemia in LAD (left anterior descending), LCX (left circumflex), RCA (right coronary artery). Results: When cut-off value of invasive FFR was taken as 0.8, DV-FFR≤0.8 was considered as functional coronary ischemia. On vessel level, the accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of DV- FFR for diagnosing functional coronary ischemia were 90.5%, 88.9%, 91.7%, 91.7% and 88.9%, respectively. While on patient level, the above indexes were 88.9%, 87.5%, 90.0%, 90.0%and 87.5%, respectively. The results of the 2 methods were similar (P=0.787). Conclusions: The results of DV-FFR showed a good consistency with that of invasive FFR in evaluating coronary artery narrow degree between 30%-90%, which could be used as effective diagnostic approach.

In order to study the flow mechanism of gas in coal particles, four groups of constant pressure adsorption experiments were carried out at different initial pressures, and the experimental data of cumulative gas adsorption volume content with time were extracted. Based on Darcy theory driven by pressure gradient and new diffusion model driven by the density gradient of free gas, two kinds of mathematical models of gas adsorption at constant pressure were established, and the adsorption process was numerically solved by VB program code, and the simulation data of cumulative adsorption volume content inside coal particles were obtained. By comparing and analyzing the two kinds of simulation results with the experimental data, it is found that numerical calculation results are consistent with the experimental data, thus verifying the accuracy of the numerical simulation. In addition, the key proportional coefficients in the two models with the change of pressure are different. The permeability coefficient is negatively correlated with the pressure, and the microchannel diffusion coefficient does not change with the pressure. It is concluded that the diffusion model driven by the density gradient of free gas is more suitable to describe the gas migration law in coal particles than Darcy's law and Fick's law.

Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) produces hundreds of hydrocarbons and oxygenates by simple reactants (CO + H2) and the detailed chain propagation mechanism is still in dispute. An industrial iron-based catalyst was used to further clarify the mechanism by adding aldehyde, alcohol and alkene species into a fixed-bed tubular reactor. The added species were investigated in H2 and syngas atmospheres, respectively. 1-alkene in the H2 atmosphere presented an obvious hydrogenolysis, in which the produced C1 species participated in C–C bond formation simultaneously. Co-feeding Cn alkene with syngas showed remarkable Cn+1 alcohol selectivity compared to the normal FTS reaction. In addition, the carbonyl group of aldehyde was extremely unstable over the iron-based catalyst and could easily be hydrogenated to an alcohol hydroxyl group, which could even undergo dehydration for hydrocarbon species formation. Experimental data confirmed that both heavier alkenes and alcohols added can be converted to chain growth intermediates and then undergo monomer insertion for chain propagation. These results provide strong evidence that the chain propagation in the FTS reaction is simultaneously controlled by the surface carbide mechanism and the CO insertion mechanism, with surface CHx species and CO as monomers, respectively. The study is of guiding significance for FTS mechanism understanding and kinetic modeling.

AimNPHS2 is the coding gene of podocin. This study aims to investigate the association between NPHS2 p.R229Q (rs61747728), the most frequently reported missense variant of NPHS2, and focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) or steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) based on typing the variant in a Chinese FSGS/SRNS cohort and conducting a meta-analysis.MethodWe recruited patients with FSGS or SRNS and healthy individuals. To conduct a meta-analysis, all studies on p.R229Q and FSGS/SRNS were searched from public databases.ResultsIn total, we enrolled 204 patients with FSGS, 61 patients with SRNS [46 with FSGS, 9 with minimal change disease (MCD), and six patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN)], and 100 healthy controls. Unexpectedly, p.R229Q was absent in the patients from our cohort. By meta-analysis of 21 studies including 2,489 patients with FSGS/SRNS and 6,004 healthy controls, we confirmed that the A allele of p.R229Q was significantly associated with increased risk of FSGS/SRNS (allelic OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.44-2.52, P < 0.001). However, the subgroup analysis showed that the association between p.R229Q and FSGS/SRNS was true only in Caucasians (allelic OR = 2.14, 95%CI = 1.54-2.98, P < 0.001) and in early-onset patients (allelic OR: 2.13, 95% CI = 1.21-3.76, P = 0.009).ConclusionNPHS2 p.R229Q may play an important role in enhancing the susceptibility of FSGS/SRNS, especially in ethnicity of Caucasian and age of early-onset patients.

Objective To investigate the expression of PRR11 in bladder cancer tissues and its effect on proliferation and apoptosis of bladder cancer cell line T24. Methods The expression of PRR11 was detected using immunohistochemistry method in 57 specimens of bladder urothelial carcinoma and adjacent tissues. The correlations of PRR11 expression with the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma were analyzed. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PRR11 in human immortalized bladder epithelial cell lines SV-HUC-1 and human bladder cancer cell lines HTB-9, T24, J82 and UM-UC-3 were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The gene expression of PRR11 in T24 cells was silenced by lentivirus shRNA. The mRNA expression level of PRR11 was detected by qRT-PCR. CCK-8 was used to detect cell proliferative activity. Cell clonality was detected by plate cloning assays. The rate of apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry. The protein expression levels of PRR11, Caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax were assessed by Western blot. Results PRR11 was highly expressed in bladder urothelial carcinoma, and its expression level was correlated with the pathological grade and T stage of the tumor. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PRR11 in HTB-9, T24, J82 and UM-UC-3 cells were higher than those in SV-HUC-1 cells (P < 0.05), especially in T24 cells. PRR11 gene silence reduced the expression levels of PRR11 mRNA and protein, as well as the cell proliferation activity and cell clonality, elevated the apoptosis rate, up-regulated the protein expression levels of Cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, and down-regulated the protein expression level of Bcl-2. Conclusion The expression of PRR11 is upregulated in bladder urothelial carcinoma tissues and bladder cancer cell lines. Interfering with PRR11 expression can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of bladder cancer T24 cells.