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It is already known that the 1-Poset and 2-Poset Cover Problems are in 𝑷. In this paper, we extended the previous results and devised an algorithm for the 𝒌-Poset Cover Problem, for any 𝒌 number of posets that cover the input. The algorithm runs in 𝑶(𝒎2k 𝒏2), where 𝒎 and 𝒏 are the input size. With this running time, we can say that the problem belongs to XP (slicewise polynomial). The algorithm runs efficiently for small fixed 𝒌 but runs exponentially for large 𝒌. While the algorithm running time has yet not to be efficient for large 𝒌, we have shown a significant improvement from a brute-force solution, which runs in 2𝒎 𝒏2 + 𝑶(􀷌𝒌 𝒊 􀰸 1 2𝒎𝒊𝒏) - exponential even for small fixed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La gestión de pedidos es un proceso fundamental en las actividades logísticas y de distribución. A lo largo de los años, este proceso ha evolucionado significativamente, surgiendo diversas estrategias que buscan su eficiencia, entre ellas, Cross Docking. Sin embargo, en la era digital actual, se requiere de tecnología que permita lograr su optimización. En ese sentido, se buscó mejorar el proceso de gestión de pedidos de una empresa que aplica la técnica Cross Docking, a través del uso de un sistema web; por el cual, se realizó un estudio de naturaleza cuantitativa, de tipo aplicada y diseño pre experimental. Asimismo, se consideró una población de 30 registros de pedidos, empleando el fichaje y la ficha de registro para la recolección de los datos y el uso de SPSS para el análisis de los mismos. Entre los resultados, el primer indicador tasa de cumplimiento de pedidos completos aumentó significativamente de 59,03% a 94,63% (35,60%) y el segundo indicador tasa de pedidos entregados a tiempo incrementó positivamente de 78,47% a 97,27% (18,80%). Por lo tanto, el sistema web ha logrado incrementar el cumplimiento de pedidos de la empresa, reflejando una mejora de la gestión de pedidos.

The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) protein is activated consistently in the tumor cells and thus studied as a potent target for cancer prevention. The TYR705-phosphorylated (pTyr) STAT3 forms a homo-dimer by binding to its recognition site in the Src Homology 2 (SH2) domain of another STAT3 monomer, causing cellular survival, proliferation, inflammation, and tumor invasion. Many inhibitors of STAT3-SH2 have recently been identified using both computational and experimental approaches. In this study, we used molecular docking, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion/Toxicological (ADME/tox) and molecular dynamics modeling to examine binding affinities and specificities of 191 inhibitor drugs from the SELLECKCHEM database. The binding free energies of the inhibitors were calculated by Induced Fit Docking (IFD) prime energy. The binding hotspots of STAT3-SH2 were evaluated via binding energy decomposition and hydrogen bond distribution analysis, and the inhibitor compound's stability was assessed through MD simulation. (−)-Epigallocatechin gallate, Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, Picroside I, Saikosaponin D, and Ginsenoside Rk1 were found to be the top hit inhibitor compounds. They exhibited an exceptional docking score, a low binding free energy, interacted with the key amino acid residue, and showed significant ADME/tox moderation. These compounds were further proved to be favorable by their stability in an MD simulation run for 100 ns using GROMACS software. The inhibitors (−)-Epigallocatechin gallate, Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, and Saikosaponin D show improved stability in molecular dynamic modeling and are expected to have a significant STAT3-SH2 inhibitory effect against cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Desa Hiteurat melakukan penyaringan calon kepala desa tanpa menggunakan metode perhitungan yang matematis sehingga untuk menetapkan calon kepala desa terbaik dari 70 calon pendaftar dengan menggunakan kriteria-kriteria yang telah ditetapkan oleh Bupati Padang Lawas Utara, yaitu: umur, pendidikan, domisili, pekerjaan, penghasilan, status hukum, partai politik, penggunaan narkotika, kesehatan dan pengalaman bekerja di lembaga pemerintahan, membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama sekitar 10 hari karena menggunakan perhitungan manual. Oleh karena itu, pentinguntuk memiliki sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat mengambil keputusan calon kepala desa yang layak dengan menggunakan metode perhitungan yang matematis sehingga hasil akhirnya lebih akurat dan efektif. Metode SPK yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kombinasi metode waspas dan moora dengan metode pengumpulan data RD serta penggunaan metode pengembangan sistem Extreme programming (XP). Pembangunan sisten menggunakan bahasa pemrograman php, teks editor visual studio code, Framework Codeigniter dan Bootstrap, database MySQL serta menggunakan Web Server XAMPP. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai preferensi tertinggi dimiliki oleh Abdi yaitu 0,2229 dan nilai preferensi terendah dimiliki oleh Gerna yaitu sebesar -0.0994.

Background: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a highly complex autosomal recessive disease linked to an enzymatic DNA repair disorder. Herein, we report the clinical and evolutionary aspects of XP in Niger. Materials and Methods: Our study included patients diagnosed with XP from two families. Results: We collected eight patients with an average age of 5.5 years, with extremes of two and thirteen years. The sex ratio was 1. Consanguinity was found in both families. The first tumor appeared between three and five years of age in six cases and around eight years of age in two cases. The tumors were cutaneous in seven cases, and extra-cutaneous in five cases. Histology made it possible to identify basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas without any case of melanoma. Five out of eight died between the age of eight and twelve years. Conclusion: Prevention through the reduction of new cases by genetic counseling and antenatal diagnosis in families at risk is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytate is widely distributed in the plant kingdom, and its significance for human nutrition has been often described. Data on phytate is available in very few composition tables, for a limited number of foods and mainly for raw products. With the aim of publishing the first global repository of analytical data on phytate, data on moisture, phytate, zinc, iron and calcium were compiled. Other aspects, such as the analytical method used, biodiversity and processing, were considered, and phytate: mineral ratios were calculated when possible. From a comprehensive literature search, over 250 references were compiled, generating 3377 entries: 39% for raw and 61% for processed foods. Most of the entries were for cereals (35%), followed by legumes (27%) and vegetables (11%). The most common analytical methods used were indirect precipitation (26%) and anion exchange (25%), while separate determination of IPs is the most recommended. The database can be used as a tool for nutrition workers to include into food composition tables and to develop programmes related to mineral deficiencies. These data will be useful for designing diets with enhanced mineral bioavailability and for improving the estimates for nutrient requirements. The database is available at the INFOODS (www.fao.org/infoods/infoods/tables-and-databases/en) and IZiNCG webpages (www.izincg.org).

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Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is caused by defective nucleotide excision repair of DNA damage. This results in hypersensitivity to ultraviolet light and increased skin cancer risk, as sunlight-induced photoproducts remain unrepaired. However, many XP patients also display early-onset neurodegeneration, which leads to premature death. The mechanism of neurodegeneration is unknown. Here, we investigate XP neurodegeneration using pluripotent stem cells derived from XP patients and healthy relatives, performing functional multi-omics on samples during neuronal differentiation. We show substantially increased levels of 5′,8-cyclopurine and 8-oxopurine in XP neuronal DNA secondary to marked oxidative stress. Furthermore, we find that the endoplasmic reticulum stress response is upregulated and reversal of the mutant genotype is associated with phenotypic rescue. Critically, XP neurons exhibit inappropriate downregulation of the protein clearance ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Chemical enhancement of UPS activity in XP neuronal models improves phenotypes, albeit inadequately. Although more work is required, this study presents insights with intervention potential. [Display omitted] • Endoplasmic reticulum stress is observed in XP neuronal models • Oxidative stress and associated DNA damage mark DNA of XP neurons • Ubiquitin-proteasome dysfunction characterizes neuronal models in neurodegenerative XP Badja et al. investigated neurodegeneration in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) using induced pluripotent stem cell models, performing multi-omics over a neuronal-directed differentiation time course. They found evidence of ER stress and marked oxidative DNA damage in XP neurons. Interestingly, inappropriate downregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system distinguished XP patients who developed neurodegeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We study the problem of Imbalance parameterized by the twin cover of a graph and show an XP algorithm for this parameter. • We show that Imbalance parameterized by the twin cover and the size of the largest clique outside the twin cover is FPT. • We argue why a previous claim that Imbalance is FPT when parameterized by the twin cover alone is not accurate. • We introduce succinct representations and prove that Imbalance is NP-hard for graphs with a TC of size one in this setting. • The analogous questions for the related problem of Cutwidth remain open. Imbalance is a classical graph layout problem with several applications, particularly in graph drawing. The imbalance of a layout σ is determined by how well-balanced the neighbors of the vertices are in σ. In the present work, we study the problem of Imbalance parameterized by the twin cover of a graph. We show that Imbalance is XP parameterized by twin cover, and FPT when parameterized by the twin cover and the size of the largest clique outside the twin cover. In contrast, we introduce a notion of succinct representations of graphs in terms of their twin cover and demonstrate that Imbalance is NP-hard in the setting of succinct representations, even for graphs that have a twin cover of size one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agile approach, the idea of dividing a project into a set of increments and carrying them out iteratively, comes to solve traditional approach problems. This approach which brings together a set of methods such as Scrum, eXtreme Programming (XP), etc., on the one hand, is becoming too important in the software development industries. On the other hand, the emergence of the Internet of Things poses an obstacle to agile development because the IoT project contains two parts: software, and hardware (i.e., its specificity at the level of project implementation). All this leads the management teams to produce and propose solutions to deal with this type of project. Among these methods, they are scalable methods based on the agile approach, especially Scrum. However, the IoT company teams find them complex, and they offer their own methods later called Ignite | IoT methodology and IoT methodology. These methods are monolithic, and they are based on the traditional approach. Hence, the proposal of a method that meets all requirements of the project and the team remains a major need in the labor market. In this paper, we will propose a hybridization of agile methods and IoT method named Hybrid SIX (Scrum, Ignite, XP). Then we will validate the method Hybrid SIX in a case study "Smart Irrigation", an intelligent system which facilitates irrigation task, that is one of the important cases in Smart Agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing evidence has indicated that current tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage alone cannot predict prognosis and adjuvant chemotherapy benefits accurately for stages II and III gastric cancer (GC) patients after surgery. In order to improve the predictive ability of survival and adjuvant chemotherapy benefits of GC patients after surgery, this study aimed to establish an immune signature based on the composition of infiltrating immune cells. Twenty-eight types of immune cell fractions were evaluated based on the expression profiles of GC patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The immunoscore (IS) was constructed using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model. Through the LASSO model, an IS classifier consisting of eight immune cells was constructed. Significant difference was found between high-IS and low-IS groups in the training cohort in disease-free survival (DFS, P < 0.0001) and overall survival (OS, P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that the IS classifier was an independent prognostic indicator. Moreover, a combination of IS and TNM stage exhibited better prognostic value than TNM stage alone. Further analysis demonstrated that low-IS patients who had more tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes had better response to adjuvant chemotherapy. More importantly, we found that patients with high-IS were more likely to benefit from a Xeloda plus cisplatin regimen after surgery. Finally, we established two nomograms to screen the stage II and III GC patients who benefitted from adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery. The combination of IS classifier and TNM stage could predict DFS and OS of GC patients. The IS model has been proven as a promising tool that can be used to identify the patients with stages II and III GC who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

DNA damage created by endogenous or exogenous genotoxic agents can exist in multiple forms, and if allowed to persist, can promote genome instability and directly lead to various human diseases, particularly cancer, neurological abnormalities, immunodeficiency and premature aging. To avoid such deleterious outcomes, cells have evolved an array of DNA repair pathways, which carry out what is typically a multiple-step process to resolve specific DNA lesions and maintain genome integrity. To fully appreciate the biological contributions of the different DNA repair systems, one must keep in mind the cellular context within which they operate. For example, the human body is composed of non-dividing and dividing cell types, including, in the brain, neurons and glial cells. We describe herein the molecular mechanisms of the different DNA repair pathways, and review their roles in non-dividing and dividing cells, with an eye toward how these pathways may regulate the development of neurological disease.

Increasing evidence has indicated that current tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage alone cannot predict prognosis and adjuvant chemotherapy benefits accurately for stages II and III gastric cancer (GC) patients after surgery. In order to improve the predictive ability of survival and adjuvant chemotherapy benefits of GC patients after surgery, this study aimed to establish an immune signature based on the composition of infiltrating immune cells. Twenty-eight types of immune cell fractions were evaluated based on the expression profiles of GC patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The immunoscore (IS) was constructed using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model. Through the LASSO model, an IS classifier consisting of eight immune cells was constructed. Significant difference was found between high-IS and low-IS groups in the training cohort in disease-free survival (DFS, P < 0.0001) and overall survival (OS, P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that the IS classifier was an independent prognostic indicator. Moreover, a combination of IS and TNM stage exhibited better prognostic value than TNM stage alone. Further analysis demonstrated that low-IS patients who had more tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes had better response to adjuvant chemotherapy. More importantly, we found that patients with high-IS were more likely to benefit from a Xeloda plus cisplatin regimen after surgery. Finally, we established two nomograms to screen the stage II and III GC patients who benefitted from adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery. The combination of IS classifier and TNM stage could predict DFS and OS of GC patients. The IS model has been proven as a promising tool that can be used to identify the patients with stages II and III GC who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Product Owners have an important role in the agile and hybrid software development process. While this role is supposed to maximize the value of a product, there seem to be several scattered results on how they achieve this, as well as what actually constitutes this role in practice. To consolidate current research results and to further analyze the key attribute of Product Owners, we conducted a multi‐method research approach spanning a systematic mapping study and a consecutive case study in a hybrid development environment. The results of the mapping study states that Product Owners are communicators. We further investigated on this and used the shadowing technique to observe three Product Owners' communication activities. The results support that statement, as the gained data reveal that Product Owners spend 65% of their time in meetings. But rather than just providing the team with the necessary requirements for the product under development, Product Owners need this time to synchronize and align their work, streamline the agile process of large‐scale Scrum, discuss team‐based topics, and to solve upcoming issues addressed by the team. These results contribute to draw a more comprehensive picture of the important but yet complex role of Product Owners in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agile development methods have been catering the need of faster delivery of the ever-demanding domain of software engineering. These methods are able to deliver value to users and businesses via fast, reliable, and repeatable process. Planning requirements and processes takes the driving seat in a dynamic environment because the value proposition rapidly changes. This paper exhibits a systematic literature review of planning processes implemented by various agile methods in order to find the best suited agile method in terms of robust planning. It was found that Scrum is the best suited agile method for planning processes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indiscriminate use of anti-microbial agents has resulted in the inception, frequency, and spread of antibiotic resistance among targeted bacterial pathogens and the commensal flora. Mur enzymes, playing a crucial role in cell-wall synthesis, are one of the most appropriate targets for developing novel inhibitors against antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. In the present study, in-silico high-throughput virtual (HTVS) and Standard-Precision (SP) screening was carried out with 0.3 million compounds from several small-molecule libraries against the E. coli Mur D enzyme (PDB ID 2UUP). The docked complexes were further subjected to extra-precision (XP) docking calculations, and highest Glide-score compound was further subjected to molecular simulation studies. The top six virtual hits (S1-S6) displayed a glide score (G-score) within the range of -9.013 to -7.126 kcal/mol and compound S1 was found to have the highest stable interactions with the Mur D enzyme (2UUP) of E. coli . The stability of compound S1 with the Mur D (2UUP) complex was validated by a 100-ns molecular dynamics simulation. Binding free energy calculation by the MM-GBSA strategy of the S1-2UUP (Mur D) complex established van der Waals, hydrogen bonding, lipophilic, and Coulomb energy terms as significant favorable contributors for ligand binding. The final lead molecules were subjected to ADMET predictions to study their pharmacokinetic properties and displayed promising results, except for certain modifications required to improve QPlogHERG values. So, the compounds screened against the Mur D enzyme can be further studied as preparatory points for in-vivo studies to develop potential drugs. HIGHLIGHTS E.coli is a common cause of urinary tract infections. E.coli MurD enzyme is a suitable target for drug development.Novel inhibitors against E.coli MurD enzyme were identified.Molecular dynamics studies identified in-silico potential of identified compound.ADMET predictions and Lipinski's rule of five studies showed promising results.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Presently, software industry is severely suffering from inaccurate effort estimation and inadequate unstructured or semi-structured project history management. In fact, both are difficult to accomplish and hence badly impact the software projects. We proposed improvements in the effort estimation and the project history management of e-commerce projects focusing on Extreme Programing (XP) and Scrum methodologies using ontology models in our software effort estimation system. Proposed system infers suitable estimate in the form of time, resources and lessons learnt as per the project leader's requirements by using description logic and HermiT reasoner. To validate our approach, we have performed a case study comprising 20 Business-to-Consumer (B2C) web projects and performed comparative analysis on the collected efforts in both XP and Scrum contexts by applying (Mean Magnitude of Relative Error) MMRE and PRED(25) prediction accuracy measures. Likewise, software functional size of understudy e-commerce projects was measured using COSMIC functional size measurement methodology. Regression analysis of relations among actual COSMIC function points, estimated effort, and actual effort spent for the projects show better significance-F and R2 values for our approach. The comparative results show that overall proposed approach provides accurate estimates and significantly improves over planning poker and delphi methods by 10% and 30%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For medical device software development organizations, it is very challenging to maintain both conformance to the strict regulatory requirements enforced by the safety-critical nature of the domain and achieve efficiency in software development. Agile software development methods provide promising solutions to overcome the efficiency issues and the challenges of traditional software development approaches in the domain. Previously, we investigated to what extent the regulatory requirements defined in MDevSPICE® (the software process assessment framework for medical device software development) are met through using eXtreme Programming (XP) and Scrum and what additional practices have to be performed to ensure safety and regulatory compliance in the medical device software development domain. In this paper, we extended the research to include the Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) which covers the whole software development life cycle. Here, we provide a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of XP's and DSDM's suitability for medical device software development and briefly discuss Scrum from the same perspective. We provide the coverage ratios of processes and practices defined in MDevSPICE® when these agile software development methods are implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a methodology based on the agile XP process for the development of robot-oriented software in educational platforms using the ROS middleware. The final result was a set of evidences such as user stories, UML-based diagrams and lines of code in the Python language that demonstrate good code quality practices in software development with the use of the object-oriented paradigm. A modified agile methodology is obtained with an evolutionary and incremental design but with a rigorous documentation useful for educational and research projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research proposed the design of an agile alternative for software development that integrated the best practices of XP, Scrum and OpenUP. It began by defining and knowing the roles, life cycle and artifacts of the three methods, from these three criteria a mapping was made between their characteristics, to create the new proposal from them. To determine the degree of compliance with the agile manifest, the method was evaluated with the 4-DAT analysis and comparison tool, which showed that the new method meets all the requirements to be considered agile and therefore structure the necessary elements for software development.