Search

Background: Healthcare-associated central line associated bloodstream infection (HA-CLABSI) surveillance is important for monitoring healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and evaluating effectiveness of infection prevention (IP) measures. However, implementing it is a laborious and time-consuming approach. Exclusive focus on central lines neglects HAI risk due to peripheral vascular catheters. This study aimed to assess whether HA-CLABSI incidence could be inferred from HA-bloodstream infection (BSI) trends and explore shift to HA-BSI surveillance. Methods: The study was performed in a Singaporean tertiary care hospital. Electronic medical records review was performed to determine whether positive blood cultures met Centers for Disease Control/National Health Safety Network (CDC/NHSN) definitions for HA-CLABSI and HA-BSI. Incident episodes of HA-BSI were included (excluding positive cultures repeated within 14 days). Incident organisms were explored to identify common causative pathogens (excluding same organisms isolated from cultures repeated within 14 days). CLABSI and BSI occurring ≥72hrs after admission were considered healthcare-associated. Patients under oncology or hematology service were considered immunocompromised. Incidence rates (IR) per 10,000 patient-days, patient characteristics and causative pathogens were compared between both indicators. Results: From January 2022 to October 2023, mean IR for HA-CLABSI was 0.63 (n=68) and for HA-BSI was 10.06 (n=1094). Median age of patients with HA-CLABSI was 66 years and HA-BSI was 68 years. HA-CLABSI and HA-BSI were more common in males (60.86% & 58.68%). Median duration between admission to HA-CLABSI was 20 days and to HA-BSI was 12 days. Median duration between central line insertion to HA-CLABSI was 16 days. Of 1094, 631 (57.7%) patients had vascular catheter(s) (i.e., IV cannula, port-a-cath, peripherally-inserted central catheter or central line) inserted at time of HA-BSI diagnosis, of whom 46 (7.3%) patients had CLABSI ±2days from positive blood culture. There was no significant correlation between monthly aggregate data from these indicators (Spearman’s correlation coefficient= 0.36, p-value=0.1). Predominant organisms causing HA-CLABSI and HA-BSI were gram negative bacteria (GNB, 40% & 57.21%), gram positive bacteria (24.71% & 22.23%), and fungi. Common GNB in CLABSI patients were Pseudomonas spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (8.24%), followed by Serratia marcescens and Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.88%). The frequent GNB in HA-BSI patients were Escherichia coli (15.4%), Klebsiella pneumonia (12.68%), and Pseudomonas spp. (6.69%). Common multi-drug resistant organisms were vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (10.59% & 3.69%) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (10.59% & 3.07%). Conclusion: HA-BSI did not correlate with HA-CLABSI. HA-BSI reflects heterogenous population outcomes. For utilization as surveillance indicator, further assessment on exclusion criteria is required to improve specificity.

Abstract Background Mitophagy, a prominent cellular homeostasis process, has been implicated in modulating endothelial cell function. Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in intercellular communication, which could modulate tumor angiogenesis, a hallmark of ovarian cancer (OC) progression. However, the underlying mechanisms through how EVs regulate endothelial mitophagy associated with tumor angiogenesis during OC development remain obscure. Methods The effect of cancer cell-derived EVs on endothelial mitophagy and its correlation with tumor angiogenesis and OC development were explored by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Multi-omics integration analysis was employed to identify potential regulatory mechanisms of cancer cell-derived EVs on endothelial mitophagy, which is involved in tumor angiogenesis associated with OC development. These insights were then further corroborated through additional experiments. An orthotopic OC mouse model was constructed to assess the antiangiogenic and therapeutic potential of the Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) inhibitor. Results Cancer cell-derived EVs promoted tumor angiogenesis via the activation of endothelial mitophagy, contributing to the growth and metastasis of OC. The aberrantly high expression of IDO1 mediated abnormal tryptophan metabolism in cancer cells and promoted the secretion of l-kynurenine (L-kyn)-enriched EVs, with associated high levels of L-kyn in EVs isolated from both the tumor tissues and patient plasma in OC. EVs derived from IDO1high ovarian cancer cells elevated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) levels in endothelial cells via delivering L-kyn. Besides, IDO1high ovarian cancer cell-derived EVs upregulated sirt3 expression in endothelial cells by increasing acetylation modification. These findings are crucial for promoting endothelial mitophagy correlated with tumor angiogenesis. Notably, both endothelial mitophagy and tumor angiogenesis could be suppressed by the IDO1 inhibitor in the orthotopic OC mouse model. Conclusions Together, our findings unveil a mechanism of mitophagy in OC angiogenesis and indicate the clinical relevance of EV enriched L-kyn as a potential biomarker for tumorigenesis and progression. Additionally, IDO1 inhibitors might become an alternative option for OC adjuvant therapy. Graphical Abstract

Indirect evaporative cooling (IEC), which utilizes natural cooling sources, is an advanced and promising technology to reduce the energy consumption of cooling systems in a data center (DC). This study presents a model of an IEC air-conditioning unit in a DC using TRNSYS simulation software validated using actual operational data to investigate the adaptability of IEC units in data centers located in regions with varying humidity levels, providing a reference for their application and promotion in DCs. Based on this premise, the authors analyzed the meteorological characteristics of Urumqi (a dry region), Beijing (a region with medium humidity), and Shanghai (a region with high humidity), which are representative cities in different humidity zones. The analysis identified the annual operating hours of the unit’s three operation modes, including fresh-air indirect heat transfer (FAIHT), IEC, and hybrid. Simultaneously, the authors conducted a simulation of the unit’s yearly energy consumption and determined time change curves for annual energy consumption, hourly coefficient of performance (COP) throughout the year, and mechanical cooling in various locations. The results indicate that IEC air-conditioning systems are highly effective in promoting the efficiency of data centers in various humidity regions. Dry locations demonstrate the greatest adaptability, followed by regions with medium humidity and, finally, regions with high humidity. The findings indicate that IEC units provide significant energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness when deployed in typical urban DCs across various humidity zones in China. The average annual power-usage effectiveness (PUE) of each city’s DC utilizing the unit is less than 1.3, and the unit’s annual operational cost savings exceed 30%.

[Objective] The spatial-temporal variation of terrestrial vegetation coverage in Lugu Lake Wetland Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province during 2000—2020 was analyzed in order to provide a reference for the construction and management of the reserve. [Methods] MODIS data from June to September of 2000—2020 for the Lugu Lake Wetland Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province was the data source. Correlation analysis methods such as pixel dichotomy and Theil-SenMedian trend analysis were combined to determine the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of vegetation coverage and their response to climate. [Results] ① The overall terrestrial vegetation coverage of Lugu Lake Wetland Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province slightly increased from 2000 to 2020, and increased at a rate of 0.09/10 yr. ② Vegetation coverage of the protected area was low in the lake area and the surrounding areas, and higher in the north and south areas. The spatial variation of vegetation coverage of the protected area increased overall but decreased locally. ③ The climate of the reserve (from June to September) tended to be “warmer and drier”, and fractional vegetation coverage was mainly positively correlated with temperature and precipitation. The influence of temperature was greater than that of precipitation. The specific influencing factors had spatial differences. [Conclusion] From 2000 to 2020, the vegetation coverage of the Lugu Lake Wetland Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province was good, and the vegetation coverage slightly increased over time. Temperature was the main climate factor affecting vegetation coverage. Topography and human activities, meanwhile, had some effects on the vegetation coverage of the reserve to a certain extent.

Abstract Background Ovarian cancer (OC) has high mortality and poor prognosis for lacking of specific biomarkers and typical clinical symptoms in the early stage. CEBPG is an important regulator in tumor development, yet it is unclear exactly how it contributes to the progression of OC. Methods TCGA and tissue microarrays with immunohistochemical staining (IHC) were used to examine CEBPG expression in OC. A variety of in vitro assays were conducted, including colony formation, proliferation, migration, and invasion. The orthotopic OC mouse model was established for in vivo studies. Ferroptosis was detected by observing mitochondrial changes with electron microscopy, detecting ROS expression, and detecting cell sensitivity to drugs by CCK8 assay. The interaction between CEBPG and SLC7A11 was confirmed by CUT&Tag and dual luciferase reporter assays. Results A significantly higher expression level of CEBPG in OC when compared with benign tissues of ovary, and that high CEBPG expression level was also tightly associated with poor prognosis of patients diagnosed with OC, as determined by analysis of datasets and patient samples. Conversely, knockdown of CEBPG inhibited OC progression using experiments of OC cell lines and in vivo orthotopic OC-bearing mouse model. Importantly, CEBPG was identified as a new participator mediating ferroptosis evasion in OC cells using RNA-sequencing, which could contribute to OC progression. The CUT&Tag and dua luciferase reporter assays further revealed the inner mechanism that CEBPG regulated OC cell ferroptosis through transcriptional control of SLC7A11. Conclusions Our findings established CEBPG as a novel transcriptional regulator of OC ferroptosis, with potential value in predicting clinical outcomes and as a therapeutic candidate.

Objective To investigate the correlation between ADAP2 gene and immune infiltration in tumor microenvironment in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), and to explore the prognostic values of ADAP2 in patients with LUSC. Methods The clinical information of patients with LUSC as well as the data of ADAP2 mRNA levels in cancer tissues were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The association between ADAP2 gene and prognosis of patients was subsequently analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox risk model analyses. xCell database was adopted to analyze the correlation of ADAP2 expression with immune infiltration in tumor microenvironment. Immunofluorescence double-staining test was employed to observe the co-localization of ADAP2 protein and CD163 (a specific biomarker of M2 macrophage). Results Multivariate Cox analysis showed that the expression of ADAP2 was an independent prognostic factor for LUSC patients, and its high expression was closely associated with the poor prognosis of patients (HR=1.533, 95%CI: 1.139~2.064, P=0.005). xCell analysis indicated that ADAP2 gene was positively correlated with both the tumor microenvironment score (r=0.609, 95%CI: 0.550~0.661, P < 0.001), and the immune infiltration score (r=0.596, 95%CI: 0.536~0.650, P < 0.001), and the expression of ADAP2 also showed a high positive association with mononuclear phagocyte system (macrophage, macrophage M1, macrophage M2 and monocyte) in LUSC (r=0.737, 0.718, 0.603 and 0.631, respectively, P < 0.001). Moreover, ADAP2 presented co-localization with CD163 and was mainly expressed in the cell membrane. Conclusion ADAP2 can act as a potential biomarker for predicting prognosis and evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy in LUSC.

Objective To investigate the quality of life in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and to analyze its correlation with peripheral blood inflammatory factors. Methods A total of 258 patients with new-onset non-valvular AF who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from December 2013 to July 2015 were enrolled consecutively. The peripheral blood inflammatory factors, including C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin (ALB) and D-dimer, and platele to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) were detected and calculated at admission. Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality of Life (AFEQT) questionnaire was adopted to assess the quality of life of these patients. Spearman correlation and partial correlation were used to analyze the correlation between peripheral blood inflammatory factors and quality of life. Results The correlation between the overall quality of life score and baseline variables such as age, gender, educational level, smoking, drinking, taking statins, history of hypertension or diabetes was statistically significant among the 230 patients who completed the questionaire about quality of life (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that D-dimer was negatively correlated with symptom scores (P < 0.05), and D-dimer and NLR were negatively while LMR positively correlated with daily activity scores and overall scores (P < 0.05). After adjustiment of confounders, the partial correlation analysis represented a negative correlation between D-dimer and daily activity scores in the patients (r=-0.136, P=0.044). Conclusion Elevated D-dimer level suggests lower ability to perform daily activities in AF patients, and may affect their quality of life.

Background: Singapore General Hospital (SGH) is the largest acute tertiary-care hospital in Singapore. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk of acquiring COVID-19 in both the community and workplaces. SGH has a robust exposure management process including prompt contact tracing, immediate ring fencing, lock down of affected cubicles or single room isolation for patient contacts, and home isolation orders for staff contacts of COVID-19 cases during the containment phase of the pandemic. Contacts were also placed on enhanced surveillance with PCR testing on days 1 and 4 as well as daily antigen rapid tests (ARTs) for 10 days after exposure. Here, we describe the characteristic of HCWs with COVID-19 during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This retrospective observational study included all SGH HCWs who acquired COVID-19 during the third wave (ie, the 18-week period from September 1 to December 31, 2021) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Univariate analysis was used to compare characteristics of work-associated infection (WAI) and community-acquired infection (CAI) among HCWs. Results: Among a workforce of >10,000 at SGH, 335 HCWs acquired COVID-19 during study period. CAI (exposure to known clusters or household contact) accounted for 111 HCW infections (33.1%). Also, 48 HCWs (14.3%) had a WAI (ie, acquired at their work places where there was no patient contact). Among WAsI, only 5 HCWs had hospital-acquired infection (confirmed by phylogenetic analysis). The sources of exposure for the remaining 176 HCWs were unknown. Weekly incidence of COVID-19 among HCWs was comparable to the epidemiology curve of all cases in Singapore (Fig. 1 and 2). The mean age of HCWs with COVID-19 was 39.6 years, and most were women. At the time of positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test, 223 HCWs were symptomatic, and 67 (20.0%) of them had comorbidities. Only 16 HCWs (4.8%) required hospitalization, and all recovered fully with no mortality (Table 1). Being female was associated with community COVID-19 acquisition (OR, 4.6, P Conclusions: During the thrid wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, a higher percentage of HCWs at SGH acquired the infection from the community than from the workplace. Safe management measures, such as universal masking, social distancing, and robust exposure management processes including prompt contact tracing and environmental disinfection, can reduce the risk of COVID-19 in the hospital work environment.

Abstract Background This study aims to investigate galectin-1 (Gal-1) expression in the serum and placenta of pregnant women with fetal growth restriction (FGR) and its significance. Methods Thirty-one pregnant women with single-birth FGR but without comorbidities, eight pregnant women with FGR and preeclampsia (PE), and eight pregnant women with FGR and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were enrolled as the study group, while 20 pregnant women with normal singleton pregnancy in the same period were enrolled as the control group. The serum Gal-1 level was detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Gal-1 expression in the placenta was detected by western blot. Results The results revealed that, compared with the control group, the serum Gal-1 level decreased in the women with FGR without comorbidities, and the difference was statistically significant (P

Abstract Background Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a natural epidemic disease caused by various types of viruses of the genus Hantavirus, which are mainly transmitted by contact with the infected rodents and their droppings. Pregnancy complicated with HFRS is rare; however, adverse maternal and foetal outcomes may be noted. In this report, we describe a case involving a pregnant woman with HFRS who was in a state of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and was successfully treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Case presentation A 32-year-old pregnant woman at 29 weeks of gestation was hospitalised for a fever and upper respiratory tract infection due to HFRS in winter. Persistent fever, coagulation disorder, thrombocytopenia, electrolyte imbalance, abnormal liver function, and renal failure were noted during the progression of the disease. The patient was treated with CRRT. She recovered after 21 days, and delivered a live infant by caesarean section at 38 weeks of gestation. Furthermore, obvious abnormalities were not detected during the follow-up of the mother and infant at 42 days, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after the delivery. Conclusions Early diagnosis, timely application of CRRT, and comprehensive treatment may be essential for the successful treatment of patients with HFRS during pregnancy.

Objective To investigate the expression of long non-coding (lnc) RNA SFTA1P in lung adenocarcinoma, and its association with clinical prognosis in order to construct and evaluate a prognostic prediction model based on SFTA1P. Methods Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of SFTA1P in 62 pairs of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and corresponding normal lung tissues adjacent to the cancer for the association between SFTA1P expression level and clinical prognosis. The data sets of patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma were downloaded from TCGA database, the required variable data were extracted, and the clinical parameter information and SFTA1P expression of the 471 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were sorted out. Subsequently, variables were screened using univariate and multivariate Cox proportion risk regression models, and a nomogram model was constructed based on the final prognostic prediction model. For the internal validation of the prediction model, Bootstrap resampling method was adopted, and concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve were used respectively to evaluate the discrimination and calibration of the prediction model. Results The SFTA1P expression was significantly decreased in the lung cancer tissues than the para-cancerous tissues (0.692±0.103 vs 1.765±0.149, P < 0.05). There were totally 3 selected independent clinical variables correlating to survival rates in the patients, that is, pathological stage, radiotherapy and SFTA1P expression. In the nomogram model, the calibration curves of 1-year and 3-year survival rates showed that the predicted values had good consistency with the actual values, with a C-index of 0.69 and 95% confidence interval of 0.63~0.75. Conclusion The expression of lnc RNA SFTA1P can be used as an independent prognostic factor for lung adenocarcinoma. The nomogram model constructed from the above independent variables (including age) can predict the survival rate of the patients.

Objective To explore the clinical value of a novel CD45-negative cell sorting technology in sorting and enriching tumor plasma cells in multiple myeloma (MM). Methods A total of 60 newly diagnosed MM patients from 3 hospitals in Chongqing from July 2018 to December 2019 were recruited in this study. Bone marrow samples of 3~4 mL were taken from each patient and divided into 2 parts. One part (direct detection group) was directly detected by flow cytometry and FISH, and the other part (CD45 sorting group) was subjected to the novel CD45-negative cell sorting, followed by flow cytometry and FISH. The proportion of plasma cells in bone marrow, detection rate of cytogenetic abnormalities and risk stratification were compared in every patient before and after sorting. Results The proportion of plasma cells in bone marrow samples was (14.5±13.8)% and (51.5±30.3)%, respectively, in the direct detection group and CD45 sorting group, with that of the latter group 7.69 times higher than that of the former group (P＜0.001). Direct FISH indicated 17 cases of cytogenetic abnormality, while FISH after CD45 sorting found 39 patients having cytogenetic abnormalities (P＜0.001). The positive rates of IgH rearrangement, 13q14 deletion, 1q21 amplification and 17p deletion were all increased significantly after sorting. According to mSMRAT3.0 standard, only 28.3% of the patients were identified at high risk before sorting, but the number was increased significantly after sorting (accounting for 53.3%, P=0.002). Conclusion The new CD45 negative cell sorting technology is simple and easy to operate, and can improve the detection rate of cytogenetic abnormalities and accurately carry out risk stratification for guiding treatment in MM patients. Thus, this technology is worthy of promotion in primary hospitals.

Objective To investigate the expression profile of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) OSER1-AS1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and its effect on the biological behaviors in these cells. Methods The expression level of OSER1-AS1 in 25 pairs of lung cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Survival analysis was conducted by online analysis at Kaplan-Meier plotter website. The overexpression vector of OSER1-AS1 was constructed in plasmid pcDNA3.1 and then transfected into H1299 and SPCA1 cells. The effects of overexpression of OSER1-AS1 on proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of lung cancer cell lines were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Transwell assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Results The expression of OSER1-AS1 was significantly lower in lung cancer tissues than paracancerous normal tissue (P < 0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that low expression of lncRNA OSER1-AS1 in NSCLC was significantly associated with poor prognosis. After transfection of overexpression vector in the H1299 and SPCA1 cells, the expression of OSER1-AS1 was remarkably enhanced (P < 0.01). The overexpression of OSER1-AS1 resulted in the inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion (P < 0.01) and the improvement of apoptosis (P < 0.05) of H1299 and SPCA1 cells. Conclusion lncRNA OSER1-AS1 may inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion (P < 0.01), promote the apoptosis (P < 0.05) of NSCLC cells, and play a role of tumor-suppressor in oncogenesis and development of the cancer.

Objective To investigate the expression level and diagnostic value of lncRNA NEAT1 in the plasma of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of NEAT1 in plasma samples of 258 patients with NSCLC, 115 patients with benign lung diseases and 70 healthy controls, and then the differential expression levels of NEAT1 were compared in the 3 groups. The correlation between the expression level of NEAT1 in plasma and the clinical characteristics of patients with NSCLC was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to analyze the diagnostic value of the NEAT1 level in plasma for NSCLC. Results In the NSCLC patients, the plasma level of NEAT1 was significantly higher than that in the healthy controls (P < 0.01). The expression level of NEAT1 in the plasma was correlated with the age and tumor size of NSCLC patients, and was highly expressed in the >60 year-old group and the group whith tumor size >3 cm, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). ROC curve results showed that plasma NEAT1 level had value for diagnosis of NSCLC, early stage NSCLC (stageⅠ+stageⅡ) or patients whose tumor size was equal to or less than 3 cm, with the areas under the curve of 0.72, 0.73 and 0.67, respectively. The plasma level of NEAT1 had a higher sensitivity (93%) as well as a higher negative predictive value (94%) to distinguish NSCLC with the tumor size ≤3 cm. Conclusion NEAT1 is highly expressed in the plasma of NSCLC patients. NEAT1 could be used as a potential diagnostic marker for NSCLC, and shows early diagnostic value for lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA LINC00324 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explore its effect on the biological functions of the tumor cells. Methods qRT- PCR was used to detect the expression of LINC00324 in 65 paired lung cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues. The expression of LINC00324 was also detected in 4 different non-small cell lung cancer cell lines (A549, SPCA1, H460 and H1299) and human bronchial epithelial cell line HBE by qRT-PCR. The overexpression vector of LINC00324 gene was designed and constructed, and the LINC00324 overexpression cell lines were constructed through transfection. The effects of overexpression of LINC00324 on the proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis of NSCLC cells were measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry respectively. Results LINC00324 was down-regulated in the lung cancer tissues than adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.05). The expression of LINC00324 was observed in 4 NSCLC lines and HBE cells. The expression of LINC00324 was lowest in A549 and H460 cells (P < 0.05), and highest in H1299 and SPCA1 cells (P < 0.05). LINC00324 overexpression was successfully constructed in A549 and H460 cells. The expression of LINC00324 gene was increased in both A549 and H460 overexpressed cell lines (P < 0.05). The overexpression of LINC00324 gene inhibited the proliferation (P < 0.05), reduced the invasion and migration (P < 0.05), and promoted apoptosis (P < 0.05) in the H460 and A549 cells, when compared with the cells transfected with blank plasmids. Conclusion Long non-coding RNA LINC00324 may play an important anti-oncogene role in the development and progression of lung cancer by regulating the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of lung cancer

Objective To establish prediction models for the total number of newly reported cases of HIV infection and AIDS in Chongqing and assess the performance of these models using the data in the recent 2 years. Methods The ARIMA model, exponential smoothing method and trend extrapolation method were used to fit the data of the total number of newly reported cases of HIV infection and AIDS in Chongqing collected from 2006 to 2015. The number of newly reported cases in 2016 and 2017 were used to verify the performance of the 3 prediction models to establish the optimal model for epidemic prediction of AIDS in Chongqing. Results Based on the results of model identification and diagnosis, 3 time series models, namely ARIMA (0, 1, 1) (0, 1, 1) model, simple seasonal exponential smoothing model and quadratic curve model, were constructed to fit and predict the total number of new HIV/AIDS cases in Chongqing. The standard errors of the 3 models for fitting the epidemic trends were 62.30, 45.51 and 227.29, respectively, and their average relative errors for predicting the total number of new cases in the next two years were 4.51%, 2.14% and 12.74%, respectively. Conclusion The 3 prediction models have different fitting effects and performance in predicting HIV/AIDS epidemic in Chongqing. Among them, the simple seasonal exponential smoothing method can more accurately fit and predict the total number of new HIV/AIDS cases in Chongqing.

Ground object detection, based on remote sensing satellite imagery, provides the groundwork of numerous applications, so the detection accuracy is of vital importance. The background of remote sensing images is complex, the object size is various, and there are many small objects. In view of the above problems, a multi-attention object detection method (MA-FPN) based on multi-scale is proposed in this paper, which can effectively make the network pay attention to the location of the object and reduce the loss of small object information. According to feature pyramid network (FPN), we firstly put forward a global spatial attention module, which extracts spatial location-related information from shallow features and fuses it with deep features to enhance the position expression ability of deep features. Besides, the paper provides a pixel feature attention module: the multi-scale convolution kernel is employed to generate the feature map of the same size as the input, as well as channel attention is used to assign weights to each layer of feature maps to obtain pixel-level attention maps with good details. Experiments on NWPU, RSOD, and DOTA datasets show that the proposed algorithm outperforms state of the art methods.

Rhein, a component derived from rhubarb, has been proven to possess anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we show that rhein mitigates obesity by promoting adipose tissue thermogenesis in diet-induced obese mice. We construct a macrophage-adipocyte co-culture system and demonstrate that rhein promotes adipocyte thermogenesis through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. Moreover, clues from acetylome analysis identify SIRT2 as a potential drug target of rhein. We further verify that rhein directly interacts with SIRT2 and inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a SIRT2-dependent way. Myeloid knockdown of SIRT2 abrogates adipose tissue thermogenesis and metabolic benefits in obese mice induced by rhein. Together, our findings elucidate that rhein inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages by regulating SIRT2, and thus promotes white adipose tissue thermogenesis during obesity. These findings uncover the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects of rhein, and suggest that rhein may become a potential drug for treating obesity.

This paper adopts models from epidemiology to account for the development and decline of neologisms based on internet usage. The research design focuses on the issue of whether a host-driven epidemic model is well-suited to explain human behavior regarding neologisms. We extracted the search frequency data from Google Trends that covers the ninety most influential Chinese neologisms from 2008-2016 and found that the majority of them possess a similar rapidly rising-decaying pattern. The epidemic model is utilized to fit the evolution of these internet-based neologisms. The epidemic model not only has good fitting performance to model the pattern of rapid growth, but also is able to predict the peak point in the neologism's life cycle. This result underlines the role of human agents in the life cycle of neologisms and supports the macro-theory that the evolution of human languages mirrors the biological evolution of human beings.

Accurate and stable wind speed prediction is crucial for the safe operation of large-scale wind power grid connections. Existing methods are typically limited to a certain fixed area when learning the information of the wind speed sequence, which cannot make full use of the spatiotemporal correlation of the wind speed sequence. To address this problem, in this paper we propose a new wind speed prediction method based on collaborative filtering against a virtual edge expansion graph structure in which virtual edges enrich the semantics that the graph can express. It is an effective extension of the dataset, connecting wind turbines of different wind farms through virtual edges to ensure that the spatial correlation of wind speed sequences can be effectively learned and utilized. The new collaborative filtering on the graph is reflected in the processing of the wind speed sequence. The wind speed is preprocessed from the perspective of pattern mining to effectively integrate various information, and the k-d tree is used to match the wind speed sequence to achieve the purpose of collaborative filtering. Finally, a model with long short-term memory (LSTM) as the main body is constructed for wind speed prediction. By taking the wind speed of the actual wind farm as the research object, we compare the new approach with four typical wind speed prediction methods. The mean square error is reduced by 16.40%, 11.78%, 9.57%, and 18.36%, respectively, which demonstrates the superiority of the proposed new method.

Abstract Objective To study the mechanism by which epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)-derived exosomes restore the migration of endothelial cells that is suppressed by TAM-derived exosomes. Methods Exosomes were isolated from TAMs in the ascites of patients with EOC. The effect of exosomes on the expression of endothelial cell miRNA was monitored by PCR. The miRNA mimics were transfected to explore their effects. Microarray data and literature searches were used to predict target genes and the impact of target gene pathways, and small interfering RNA was used to target these genes. We used migration assays to determine whether ovarian cancer cell-derived exosomes participate in the regulation of TAMs and endothelial cells. We used microarray data to identify the target lncRNA, and we constructed target lncRNA expression plasmids to validate targets by Western blotting. Results We separated TAMs from the ascites of patients with EOC and isolated exosomes from TAM supernatants. After co-culture with HUVECs, these exosomes were efficiently incorporated into HUVECs. The migration of HUVECs was suppressed significantly in the exosome group compared with blank controls (P

The dynamics performance of serpentine belt accessory drive（ SBAD） system is influenced by the tensioner arrangement parameter including tensioner installation position and installation angle. In order to control the vibration of SBDA system,taking the tensioner arrangement parameter as design variable,taking the maximum effectiveness coefficient of the tensioner and the minimum transverse vibration amplitude of belt span as objective,the two optimization models including a multi- objective and a single- objective are established,The optimization of a three pulleys SBAD system is carried out,By comparing the optimization result and counting process between the two optimization schemes,the effectiveness of the single objective optimization method with introducing weight coefficient is point out.