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Modern low-altitude unmanned aircraft (UA) detection and surveillance systems mostly adopt the multi-sensor fusion technology scheme of radar, visible light, infrared, acoustic and radio detection. Firstly, this paper summarises the latest research progress of UA and bird target detection and recognition technology based on radar, and provides an effective way of detection and recognition from the aspects of echo modeling and micro motion characteristic cognition, manoeuver feature enhancement and extraction, motion trajectory difference, deep learning intelligent classification, etc. Furthermore, this paper also analyses the target feature extraction and recognition algorithms represented by deep learning for other kinds of sensor data. Finally, after a comparison of the detection ability of various detection technologies, a technical scheme for low-altitude UA surveillance system based on four types of sensors is proposed, with a detailed description of its main performance indicators. more...

Water Cherenkov detector array (WCDA) is one of the key parts of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), the construction of which was completed by the end of 2020. The WCDA covers a 78 000-m2 area and there exist 3120 large size photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) in three ponds: 8-in PMTs are used in WCDA pond No. 1 and 20-in PMTs are used in ponds No. 2 and No. 3. The front-end electronics (FEE) system based on multigain measurement technique is designed to achieve both high-precision time and charge measurements over a large dynamic range from single photon electron (S.P.E.) to 4000 P.E. (for water pond No. 1)/1800 P.E. (for water ponds No. 2 and No. 3). To achieve a high-quality clock distribution and phase alignment as well as mixed transmission of data, clock, and commands in one fiber over a long distance, an enhanced white rabbit (WR) technique is used. Testing of all the 350 FEE modules for the WCDA is presented in this article. Test results indicate that the charge resolution is better than 20% at S.P.E. and 1% at 1800/4000 P.E. and the time resolution is better than 300 ps root mean square (rms), which successfully meets the application requirement. All the FEE modules have been fabricated and installed for the LHAASO WCDA from 2018 to 2020, and the initial commissioning operation indicates that the FEEs function well. more...

Although many studies have already described the physiological effects of bee products, such as honey, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly, on livestock farming, the health benefits of the honeycomb are still not fully understood. The problem of drug residues and bacterial resistance caused by the abuse of antibiotics is becoming increasingly serious. For this reason, a safe, green substitute has to be sought. We conducted a comparative study of honeycomb extract (HE) and an antibiotic on growth performance, carcass traits, immunity, antioxidant function and intestinal microorganisms of yellow bantam broilers. A total of four hundred eighty 21-day-old female yellow bantam broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups of 6 replicates of 16 birds each. The 5 groups were as follows, with birds receiving a basal diet supplemented with 150 ppm (mg/kg) of chlortetracycline (CTE), a basal diet without HE (control group), and a basal diet with 0.1%, 0.15%, or 0.2% HE for 60 days. The results showed that HE addition significantly increased average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), decrease feed gain ratio (F/G) from 21 to 80 and 51 to 80 days of age compared to the control group, with all 3 HE addition groups having statistically identical values to the antibiotic group. HE implementation dramatically increased spleen index, serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM,), glutathione peroxide (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and total cecum bacteria and Lactobacillus compared to the control group, numerically at the same level as, or even better than, the antibiotic group. HE and CTE both markly reduced serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration compared to the control group, with higher concentrations of HE reducing the effect more dramatically than antibiotics. Both HE and CTE significantly raised dressed yield compared to the control group. In summary, HE, as a potential antibiotic alternative, improved growth performance, carcass traits, immune function, serum antioxidant capacity and intestinal microorganisms in yellow bantam broilers. According to the cubic regression analyses, the recommended supplemental dose of HE was calculated to be 0.15 to 0.17% for female yellow bantam broilers between 21 and 80 d of age. more...

The study aimed to investigate the expression of cytokeratin and apoptosis-related molecules in the livers of two types of hepatic echinococcosis mice models and to preliminarily explore the relationship between the expression of cytokeratin and apoptosis in echinococcosis related liver injury. We established a mouse model infected by Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis and observed the expression of cytokeratin and apoptosis related proteins in the two types of hepatic echinococcosis tissues during different stages by immunohistochemical staining. A co-culture model was established using normal hepatocytes and different concentrations of E. granulosus and E. multilocularis protoscoleces. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to detect cell proliferation, flow cytometry was used to detect hepatocyte apoptosis, and western blot was used to quantify cytokeratin and apoptosis-related proteins, such as caspase3, caspase9, Bcl-2, and Bax. Surgical specimens were obtained from patients with hepatic echinococcosis to analyze the expressions of cytokeratin, caspase3, caspase9, Bcl-2, and Bax by western blot. The expressions of cytokeratin and caspase3 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The qRT-PCR method was used to determine the expression of CK8 and CK18 in the liver tissues. In vivo experiments showed that compared to that in the control group, the cytokeratin and caspase3 proteins in the liver tissues of the two types of hepatic echinococcosis were strongly expressed around the lesions of liver echinococcosis; there was a difference between cytokeratin expression of the two different echinococcosis parasites in the liver. Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis in the co-culture model in vitro could promote the expression of CK, caspase3, caspase9, and Bax protein, decrease the expression of Bcl-2, promote hepatocyte apoptosis, and inhibit cell proliferation; in clinical samples, we found that compared with that in the normal tissues, the expression of cytokeratin, caspase3, caspase9, and Bax in echinococcus tissues was high, but that in Bcl-2 was low. Furthermore, the expression of CK8 and CK18 mRNA were higher in echinococcus tissues than that in the normal tissues and immunohistochemistry analysis also showed that cytokeratin and caspase3 levels were higher in echinococcus tissues than that in the normal tissues. The expression of cytokeratin and apoptosis-related molecules, reflecting liver damage, is high in the liver and is caused due to hepatic echinococcosis. This study provides the first evidence of cytokeratin could be useful for evaluating liver tissue damage caused by echinococcus infection. more...

This work reports the development status of a software framework for the external Time-Of-Flight wall (eTOF) of the Cooler-storage-ring External-target Experiment (CEE). The framework is implemented on CeeRoot, a FairRoot-based simulation and analysis platform. The chains for eTOF simulation and analysis have been developed and described in this paper. The examination of such a structure is in parallel with the technical design and prototype developments. Simulation has given reasonable evaluations on the coverage, occupancy, rate condition, etc., which validated the system design. The analysis chain has been successfully applied to processing the cosmic test data and has contributed to the validation of the prototype performances. The CEE-eTOF software is a continuously refining framework for practice in real operations. more...

Recent studies have shown that chromium (Cr) could alleviate the negative effects of heat stress on livestock and poultry, but there is little information available to laying ducks. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary addition of chromium propionate on laying performance, egg quality, serum biochemical parameters and antioxidant status of laying ducks under hot (average 32 °C) and humid (average 75% relative humidity) summer conditions. A total of 900 66-week-old weight- and laying-matched Shanma laying ducks were randomly divided into five treatments, each with 6 replicates of 30 individually caged birds. The birds were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 200, 400, 600, or 800 μg/kg Cr as chromium propionate. All laying ducks were given feed and water ad libitum for 5 weeks. The results showed that dietary supplementation with chromium propionate significantly increased the laying rate and yolk colour score (P < 0.05). Treatment with 400 μg/kg Cr as chromium propionate significantly decreased the feed/egg ratio by 5.4% (P < 0.05). Increased supplemental Cr from 0 to 800 μg/kg resulted in an increase in albumen height and the Haugh unit linearly (P < 0.05). Increased supplemental Cr decreased serum cortisol (P < 0.001, linear; P = 0.008, quadratic), heat shock protein-70 (P < 0.001, linear; P = 0.007, quadratic) and glucose (P = 0.007, linear), whereas it increased serum insulin (P = 0.011, Linear), total protein (P = 0.006, linear; P = 0.048, quadratic) and albumin (P = 0.035, linear; P = 0.088, quadratic). Dietary Cr levels increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, the total antioxidant capacity linearly and quadratically (P < 0.05). A linear and quadratic (P < 0.05) decrease of the malondialdehyde concentrations in response to dietary Cr level was observed. These results indicated that dietary supplementation of Cr as chromium propionate, particularly at 800 μg/kg could beneficially affect the laying rate, egg quality and antioxidant function, as well as modulate the blood biochemical parameters of laying ducks under heat stress conditions. more...

Gaseous emerging organic compounds (GEOCs) may harm human health and ecological environment. High temperature composting of livestock manure may produce oxytetracycline (OTC) waste gas. Here, we investigated treatment OTC in waste gas by combined ozone and membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) with desulphurizing bacteria. The performance, the microbial community, gene function and the mechanism for OTC removal in the ozone-MBfR were evaluated. The ozone-MBfR system could achieve more degradation of OTC completely than MBfR. Desulfovibrio, Lentimicrobium, Aminivibrio, Thioalkalispira, Erysipelothrix, Mangroviflexus, Azoarcus, Thauera, Geobacter, Paracoccus, and Dethiosulfatibacter were the dominant genera. Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Bacteroides, Salmonella, Paracoccus, Stappia were contribution to OTC degradation. With the addition of ozone, the community diversity increased; some genera, such as Tenericutes- uncultured, and Desulfovibrio, increased in abundance, whereas others, such as Thauera, and Petrimonas, decreased. Ozone destroyed the enol structure in OTC molecular structure and produces biodegradable products, ozone oxidation was combined with biodegradation, to achieve thoroughly degrade OTC in waste gas. The novel hybrid ozone-MBfR is a cost-effective and robust alternative to GEOCs treatment. more...

The experimental data of phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of the Fe-RE (RE=Ho, Er, Tm, Sm) binary systems were reviewed. The previous thermodynamic calculation of the Fe-RE (RE=Ho, Er, Tm, Sm) binary systems were discussed based on the comparison of the calculated phase diagram and thermodynamic properties with the experimental data. The compared results show that more experimental information of phase diagram and thermodynamic properties in the Fe-RE (RE=Ho, Er, Tm, Sm) binary systems should be determined and then thermodynamic re-calculation of these binary systems would be performed to develop compatible and available thermodynamic database of the RE-Fe-B ternary systems. It is indispensable to study the relations between alloy compositions, microstructure and magnetic properties of novel Nd-Fe-B-based permanent magnets. more...

The first Water Cherenkov detector of the LHAASO experiment (WCDA-1) has been operating since April 2019. The data for the first year have been analyzed to test its performance by observing the Crab Nebula as a standard candle. The WCDA-1 achieves a sensitivity of 65 mCU per year, with a statistical threshold of 5 . To accomplish this, a 97.7% cosmic-ray background rejection rate around 1 TeV and 99.8% around 6 TeV with an approximate photon acceptance of 50% is achieved after applying an algorithm to separate gamma-induced showers. The angular resolution is measured using the Crab Nebula as a point source to be approximately 0.45° at 1 TeV and better than 0.2° above 6 TeV, with a pointing accuracy better than 0.05°. These values all match the design specifications. The energy resolution is found to be 33% for gamma rays around 6 TeV. The spectral energy distribution of the Crab Nebula in the range from 500 GeV to 15.8 TeV is measured and found to be in agreement with the results from other TeV gamma ray observatories. more...

Hybrid improper ferroelectrics have their electric polarization generated by two or more combined non-ferroelectric structural distortions such as the rotation and tilting of Ti-O octahedral in Ca3Ti2O7 (CTO) family. In this work, we prepared different thickness CTO thin films on Pt substrates by pulsed laser deposition, and investigated their ferroelectric polarization reversal and the current transport properties by using the piezoresponse force microscopy and conducting atomic force microscopy, respectively. It is found that the CTO films exhibit clear ferroelectric domain switching and ferroelectric resistance switching behaviors, and the maximum resistive ratios of CTO film reaches ∼1750. These results demonstrate that hybrid improper ferroelectrics CTO films are promising materials for being employed in non-volatile memory and logic devices. more...

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary electrolyte balance (dEB) on the performance, urine pH, plasma biochemistry parameters, milk composition and immunoglobulin of sows during late gestation and lactation. Forty-eight sows (Landrace × Large white, mean parity 4.1 ± 1.75) were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments, with twelve replicates per treatment and one sow per replicate according to body weight and parity number. The dietary treatments were with dEB values of −100, 0, 162 (control group), and 300 mEq/kg from day 90 of gestation to farrowing, transitioning to −100, 0, 198 (control group), and 300 mEq/kg dEB, respectively, throughout the subsequent 21 days of lactation. Dietary electrolyte balance values were obtained by manipulating dietary sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) levels. Calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) concentrations were held constant across experimental diets. Blood and urine samples were collected on day 107 of gestation, day of farrowing and weaning (day 21 of lactation). The colostrum and milk samples were obtained on day 0 and day 14 of lactation, respectively. The results showed that average daily feed intake (ADFI) of lactating sows was lower in sows fed a –100 mEq/kg diet compared with the other three groups (P 0.05) among dietary treatments. Urine pH values were lower (P 0.05). The percentages of protein, lactose and fat in the colostrum and milk were similar among dietary treatments (P>0.05). The immunoglobulin in plasma, colostrum and milk was higher in sows fed −100 or 0 mEq/kg diet compared with the control group (P more...

Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) is an enzyme that oxidizes acetaldehyde into acetic acid during alcohol metabolism. Many studies indicate that the rs671 GG genotype in the ALDH2 gene may play a critical role in increasing the risk of essential hypertension (EH) associated with alcohol consumption, which predominantly occurs in men. However, the literature is inconclusive in this regard. This meta-analysis aims to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship between the rs671 polymorphism and EH for both male and female drinkers and nondrinkers. Ten cohort and case-control studies were included in the analysis with a total of 12,161 subjects; 7,062 patients and 5,099 healthy controls. Our results show that the rs671 GG genotype was associated with an increased risk of EH compared with the AG+AA genotype (OR = 1.27, 95 % CI = 1.17–1.37, p more...

The high frequency vibration analysis of a composite laminate plate structure subjected to impact loads was investigated by using method of energy finite element analysis (EFEA). The time and space averaged energy density was used as the primary variable to form the governing differential equations. The multilayer laminate plate is simplified to be equivalent isotropic plate using the average concept, such as the average damping loss factor and the average group speed. The global system of EFEA equations can be solved numerically and the energy density distribution within the whole system can then be obtained. The EFEA numerical results for composite laminate plate structure were validated through comparison with those of very dense conventional finite element analysis (FEA). more...

The energy finite element analysis (EFEA) is more effective for analyzing high frequency vibration problem compared to the traditional finite element method (FEM). When applying the EFEA to complicated structures, it is necessary to obtain power transfer coefficients at structural joints. This paper proposes the theoretical formulations of computing power transfer coefficients between two 3D semi-infinite solids, and demonstrates the validation of the developed theoretical formulations through two examples with different incident waves: dilatational wave and distortional wave. more...

This paper puts forward the financial wisdom, wisdom financial ecosystem concept and customer benefits, sums up the wisdom financial work process including perception, analysis, decision-making, division of labor, reaction and service six steps, summarized the wisdom financial has characteristics transparency, convenience, immediacy, efficiency, security, innovation, better risk management, Internet and integration, etc. more...

This paper puts forward the bank wisdom concept, sums up the key of wisdom bank, wisdom of building "one-stop" service system, bank performance prediction, the wisdom of building innovative development system, the wisdom of construction risk management system, etc. more...

Diclofenac is one of the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in various aquatic environments. The photodegradation of diclofenac in the absence/presence of nitrate, Fe(III) and chloride, especially their interactions, were systematically studied. Under the study conditions, photodegradation rate was decreased with increasing nitrate, Fe(III) and chloride concentrations. Nitrate has an synergistic action for Fe(III). Nitrate and chloride have antagonistic effect. An antagonistic action is present between nitrate, Fe(III) and chloride. Moreover, a simple linear model which very well describes the results is given. more...

This paper focuses on a study concerned with reducing dust emissions from belt conveyor transfer chutes in bulk material handling plants. Several transfer chute configurations were investigated with the aim of analysing the system performance. Scale model laboratory testing was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of each design in reducing dust emission. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to investigate the flow pattern of the granular material and entrained air in each of the transfer chute configurations. To verify the feasibility of CFD for dust emission prediction, a two-phase three-dimensional Euler–Euler model was adopted to qualitatively predict the performance of six transfer chute configurations with respect to dust generation. The predicted dust emissions obtained from the simulations were compared with the scale model test results. The simulation predictions compared favourably with the experimental results, demonstrating that CFD can be used to qualitatively evaluate the performance of transfer chute designs with regard to dust emission. more...

Stamping process of sheet metal is widely used in the automobile industry. How to improve the quality of plate molding is a challenge for stamping process workers. With the development of the numerical analysis method and the computer technology, Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) technology is widely applied in the industrial areas. As the CAE technology comes up, a qualitative change has happened in the stamping process of automobile sheet metal parts. This paper presents one stamping process simulation of auto rearview mirror installation plate by using the software DYNAFORM. more...

Summary A simple and rapid HPLC method using a photodiode array (PDA) detector for the analysis of 3-hydroxycarboplatin and its related complex has been established for the first time. Separation of 3-hydroxycarboplatin and 3-hydroxy-1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid (3-HO-cbdca) was carried out on a Phenomenex ODS3 column using an aqueous solution containing 50 mM ammonium acetate and 5 mM sodium 1-octanesulfonate as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.8 mL min−1, the column temperature was 40°C, and the detection wavelength was 230 nm for 3-hydroxycarboplatin and 220 nm for 3-HO-cbdca. Different analytical performance parameters such as precision, accuracy, linearity, stability of the solution, specificity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and system suitability were determined using the Empower 2 software. The calibration curve of standard 3-hydroxycarboplatin showed good linearity (r = 0.9995) within the range 0.5–1.4 mg mL−1. The method was accurate and precise, with an avera... more...