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The phonon magnetochiral effect (MChE) is the nonreciprocal acoustic and thermal transports of phonons caused by the simultaneous breaking of the mirror and time-reversal symmetries. So far, the phonon MChE has been observed only in a ferrimagnetic insulator Cu2OSeO3, where the nonreciprocal response disappears above the Curie temperature of 58 K. Here, we study the nonreciprocal acoustic properties of a room-temperature ferromagnet Co9Zn9Mn2 for unveiling the phonon MChE close to the room temperature. Surprisingly, the nonreciprocity in this metallic compound is enhanced at higher temperatures and observed up to 250 K. This clear contrast between insulating Cu2OSeO3 and metallic Co9Zn9Mn2 suggests that metallic magnets have a mechanism to enhance the nonreciprocity at higher temperatures. From the ultrasound and microwave-spectroscopy experiments, we conclude that the magnitude of the phonon MChE of Co9Zn9Mn2 mostly depends on the magnon bandwidth, which increases at low temperatures and hinders the magnon-phonon hybridization. Our results suggest that the phonon nonreciprocity could be further enhanced by engineering the magnon band of materials., 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. It usually exhibits seasonal transmission, but the novel influenza strain can lead to a pandemic with severe human health and socioeconomic consequences. Early warning of influenza epidemic is an important strategy and means for influenza prevention and control. On the basis of reviewing the main influenza surveillance and early warning systems, this study summarizes the principles, applications, advantages and disadvantages, and development prospects of common influenza early warning models, in order to provide reference for research and application of early warning technology for influenza and other acute respiratory infectious diseases.流感是一种由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病，通常呈季节性流行。新型流感病毒可能导致大流行，一旦发生将对人群健康、社会经济造成严重影响。实现暴发疫情的早期预警是流感防控的重要策略和手段。本文在回顾国内外主要流感监测预警系统的基础上，总结常见的流感早期预警模型的原理、应用、优缺点和发展前景等，以期为流感以及其他急性呼吸道传染病疫情的预警技术研究与应用提供参考。.

HPV vaccination is the most effective way for preventing the cervical cancer. To respond the WHO calling for cervical cancer elimination, some Chinese provincial governments are launching the Free HPV Vaccination Programs for teenagers. Basing on the current stage of domestic utilization and the global immunization strategies of HPV vaccination, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the key aspects in the process of HPV vaccination, including subjects and priority vaccination population, vaccination dose and time interval, the principal of vaccination replacement, and the vaccination suggestion on special populations, etc. The article above contents and gives the advice on the immunization strategy of HPV vaccination in China.接种人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗是预防子宫颈癌的有效措施之一，为响应WHO提出的“消除子宫颈癌行动计划”的行动号召，我国多地政府探索适龄女性HPV疫苗免费接种策略。本文基于国内已上市HPV疫苗的使用现状，结合HPV疫苗在全球的免疫策略及实施经验，从接种对象及优先人群、接种剂次和间隔、替换接种原则、特殊人群接种等方面进行综述，并对我国HPV疫苗免疫策略提出建议。.

The properties of core turbulence and thermal transport are investigated for EAST high-β P (β P ∼ 3.1) plasmas with dominant electron heating (T e/T i > 1) via gyrokinetic simulation with the NLT code. Linear simulations identify that the electrostatic η e -driven trapped electron mode ( η e -TEM) dominates in the core region (ρ< 0.7) and the ion temperature gradient (ITG) mode dominates in the out region (ρ⩾ 0.7), consistent with the linear threshold analysis of micro-instabilities. Sensitivity analysis shows that the normalized electron density gradient (R/L ne) and ITG (R/L Ti) are two effective parameters to stabilize TEM instability. Nonlinear simulations are also carried out and compared with the experimental results, which show that the electron thermal internal transport barrier (ITB) in EAST high-β P plasma is determined by the TEM-induced turbulence. A higher zonal flow shearing rate is observed in the ITB region (0.2 < ρ < 0.34), which can regulate energy transport induced by TEM turbulence and facilitate the formation of e-ITB. A plausible positive feedback mechanism to mitigate turbulence transport and improve energy confinement via enhanced ion heating is proposed for future experiments.

Mild Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of dementia, accounting for 50-70% of cases. Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease, which affects daily life activities and social functioning. As life expectancy increases and demographic ageing occurs, the global prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease is expected to continue to rise especially in developing countries, leading to a costly burden of disease. Alzheimer’s disease is a complex and multifactorial disorder that is determined by the interaction of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors across the life course. Epidemiological studies have identified potential modifiable risk and protective factors for Alzheimer’s disease prevention. Moreover, Alzheimer’s disease is considered to start decades earlier before clinical symptoms occur, thus interventions targeting several risk factors in non-demented elderly people even middle-aged population might prevent or delay Alzheimer’s disease onset. Here, we provide an overview of current epidemiological advances related to Alzheimer’s disease modifiable risk factors, highlighting the concept of early prevention.

The GlutoPeak is a new instrument used to measure the rheological properties of wheat flour dough. To determine the role of GlutoPeak parameters in assessing wheat quality, near-isogenic lines (NILs) of three wheat varieties with different gluten strengths were used in this study. The availability of GlutoPeak parameters was determined by comparing the consistency of differences in GlutoPeak parameters with the differences in the genetic effects of NILs and the differences in the conventional quality parameters caused by the genetic effects of those NILs. The results showed that only the difference in peak maximum time was identical to the genetic differences and conventional quality parameters within each of these NIL sets. The conventional quality parameters examined were gluten index, Zeleny sedimentation, development time, stability, breakdown time, maximum resistance, extensibility and energy area. Higher gluten strength corresponded to larger peak maximum time. These results provide valuable information concerning the application of the GlutoPeak to the improvement of wheat quality.

Influenza is an infectious respiratory disease caused by the influenza viruses. Older people, infants and people with underlying medical conditions could have a higher risk of severe influenza symptoms and complications. The co-infection of Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) with influenza viruses could lead to the complication of prevention, diagnosis, control, treatment, and recovery of COVID-19. Influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine overlapped in target populations, vaccination time, and inoculation units. Although there was insufficient evidence on the immunogenicity and safety of co-administration of influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine, World Health Organization and some countries recommended co-administration of inactivated influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine. This review summarized domestic and international vaccination policies and research progress, and put forward corresponding suggestions in order to provide scientific support for the formulation of vaccination strategy on seasonal influenza vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine.流感是一种由流感病毒引起的传染性呼吸道疾病。老年人、婴幼儿和患有基础疾病人群，出现严重临床症状和并发症的风险更高。新型冠状病毒与流感病毒的共同感染和流行可导致新型冠状病毒肺炎的预防、诊断、控制、治疗和康复复杂化。季节性流感疫苗和新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗在目标人群、接种时间、接种单位都有重叠，虽然目前流感疫苗与新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗同时接种免疫原性和安全性的相关研究证据不足，但世界卫生组织和一些国家已建议流感灭活疫苗和新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗同时接种。本文汇总了国内外两种疫苗同时接种的政策和研究进展，同时提出了相应的思考和建议，以期为季节性流感疫苗和新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗接种策略的制订提供科学支撑。.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of buckwheat-oat-pea (BOP) composite flour [buckwheat ∶ oats ∶ peas=6 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 (quality ratio)] on blood glucose in diabetic rats. METHODS: In this study, 64 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 8 groups by fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight: normal control group, model control group, metformin group, buckwheat group, oats group, BOP low-dose group (BOP-L), medium-dose group (BOP-M), and high-dose group (BOP-H). The rats in the normal control group were fed with normal diet, the rats in the model control group and metformin group were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD), and the rats in the buckwheat group, oats group, and BOP-L, BOP-M, BOP-H groups were fed with HFD containing 10% buckwheat flour, 10% oat flour, 3.3% BOP, 10% BOP, 30% BOP, respectively. The HFD in all the groups had the same percentage of energy from fat (45%). After 30 days, the rats fed with HFD received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg, once a week for two weeks) to establish diabetes mellitus. After the model was successful established, the rats were fed for another 28 days. During the study, the body weight, food intake/body weight (FI/BW) and water intake/body weight (WI/BW), food utilization rate, 24 h urine volume, FBG, glucose area under curve (GAUC) of oral glucose tolerance test were measured regularly. At the end of the study, the fasting serum glucose and insulin were measured, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. RESULTS: With the inducing of HFD and streptozotocin, compared with the normal control group, the rats in the model control group had higher FI/BW, WI/BW, 24 h urine volume, FBG, GAUC, HOMA-IR (P < 0.05), and lower body weight, food utilization rate (P < 0.05). Compared with the model control group, the rats in the three BOP groups all had higher body weight, food utilization rate (P < 0.05), and lower WI/BW, HOMA-IR (P < 0.05); the rats in the BOP-L and BOP-M groups had lower FI/BW, 24 h urine volume, FBG (P < 0.05), and the rats in the BOP-M group also had lower GAUC (P < 0.05). After the establishment of diabetes, there was no significant difference in blood glucose and the other indicators between the rats in the three BOP groups and the buckwheat group or the oats group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The BOP had the effects of reducing blood glucose, insulin resistance and diabetic symptoms on diabetic rats, and had the value for further development and utilization.

The clearance flow of pump-turbine has significant influence on hydraulic forces of the runner, which is related to safety of the unit. To clarify the influence factors, clearance flowrate and clearance hydraulic axial force of a prototype pump-turbine were analyzed by 3D CFD simulations. The results show that the rotational speed, and the smallest radial sizes of clearance inlet, outlet, and the seal ring sizes are the determinant factors for clearance leakage flowrate, while the rotational speed and the radial size at clearance inlet are the major factors for clearance axial force. The rotational speed of rotating surfaces mainly affects the strength of rotating shear flow, while geometric sizes mainly affect the hydraulic loss of leakage flow. By assuming that the clearance region as several ring pipes, we obtained the simplified calculation formulas for estimating clearance leakage flowrate and clearance axial force. The flowrate can be expressed as a function of the water head difference across the clearance region, the rotational speed, and the sizes of clearance inlet, outlet and sealing ring, while the clearance axial force is a function of the inlet pressure and the square of both radius and rotational speed. The formula calculations agree with the numerical simulations well. This paper can provide a reference for runner clearance size design.

Chronic periodontitis is a disease of periodontal supporting tissue infection caused by various causes. It was believed that the oral bacteria were the initiator of chronic periodontitis, and the host immune factors would affect the developing process and outcome of periodontitis, although the specific regulatory mechanism was not completely clear. Extracellular vesicles, subcellular components produced by cell paracrine, may carry a variety of genetic information to mediate intercellular communication. Extracellular vesicles have been found to be closely related to tumors and cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, neurological and immune system diseases and provide a research pathway for the early diagnosis, etiological therapy and vaccine design. Various extracellular vesicles are released from periodontal ligament stem cells, gingival mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, immune cells and periodontal pathogenic bacteria. These extracellular vesicles release for mutual communication and regulation, and further affect the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis. In the present article, the characteristics of extracellular vesicles from periodontal tissues and periodontal pathogenic bacteria were introduced, the research progress of extracellular vesicles involved in the regulation of chronic periodontitis was reviewed and the potential value of extracellular vesicles in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic periodontitis was prospected.慢性牙周炎是由多种致病因素引起的牙周组织慢性炎症。目前认为，细菌是慢性牙周炎的始动因子，宿主免疫影响牙周炎的发展和结局，其调控机制尚未完全清楚。细胞外囊泡是一类细胞旁分泌产生的亚细胞成分，可携带多种遗传信息介导细胞通信。细胞外囊泡已在肿瘤、心脑血管及免疫性疾病的诊疗中取得重要研究成果，为一些难治性疾病的早期诊断、对因治疗、疫苗设计提供了研究途径。在牙周组织中，牙周膜干细胞、牙龈间充质干细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨细胞、破骨细胞、免疫细胞及牙周致病菌均可释放不同成分的细胞外囊泡，进行细胞通信和调控，影响慢性牙周炎的疾病进程。本文介绍了牙周组织及牙周致病菌来源的细胞外囊泡特点，综述了细胞外囊泡参与调控慢性牙周炎的研究进展，并展望了细胞外囊泡在慢性牙周炎诊断和治疗中的潜在价值。.

The combination of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and medicine is an important milestone in the development of modern medicine, which realizes the digitalization and intelligence for clinicians in the process of diagnosis and treatment. This is not a competition between human and machine, but a collaborative progress and development. The incidence of colorectal cancer remains high in China. The introduction of AI technology in lymph node metastasis, circumferential resection margin, neoadjuvant therapy, genetic diagnosis, radiomics, pathological assistance and colonoscopy diagnosis has further improved the diagnosis and treatment, as well as the evaluation and prediction of the disease of colorectal cancer. This article will review and comment on the application of AI technology in colorectal cancer staging, neoadjuvant therapy, gene diagnosis, pathological assistance and other aspects.人工智能（AI）技术与医学的结合是现代医学发展的一个重要里程碑，它实现了临床医生在诊疗过程中的信息化和智能化，这并不是一种人与机器的竞争，而是一种协同的进步和发展。结直肠癌的发病率在我国居高不下，AI技术在结直肠癌淋巴结转移、环周切缘、新辅助治疗、基因诊断、放射组学、病理辅助及结肠镜诊断等方面的引入，使结直肠癌的诊断、治疗以及对病情的评估及预测方面都得到了进一步的提高。.

GSK-3β negatively regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The abnormal miR-155 expression is associated with bladder cancer. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a complementary binding site between miR-155 and GSK-3β mRNA. This study investigated the role of miR-155 in the proliferation and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells.The dual luciferase reporter gene assay validated the targeted regulation between miR-155 and GSK-3β. Tumor tissues and adjacent tissues were collected from bladder cancer patients and the expression of miR-155 and GSK-3β mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Bladder cancer cell line BIU-87 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into miR-NC group and miR-155 inhibitor group. The expressions of miR-155, GSK-3β and β-catenin were compared, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and cell proliferation was detected by EdU staining.Compared with adjacent tissues, miR-155 expression was significantly increased in bladder cancer tissues, and GSK-3β mRNA expression was significantly decreased. There was a targeted regulatory relationship between miR-155 and GSK-3β. Compared with SV-HUC-1 cells, miR-155 expression in bladder cancer BIU-87 and 5637 cells was significantly increased, and GSK-3β expression was significantly decreased. Transfection of miR-155 inhibitor significantly increased GSK-3β expression in BIU-87 and 5637 cells, decreased β-catenin expression, increased cell apoptosis, and decreased cell proliferation.The increased expression of miR-155 plays a role in reducing the expression of GSK-3β and in promoting the pathogenesis of bladder cancer. Inhibition of miR-155 can up-regulate the expression of GSK-3β, inhibit the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, attenuate proliferation and promote apoptosis of bladder cancer cells.

人口老龄化和老年人的多种慢性基础性疾病并发给医疗卫生系统带来了严峻挑战。感染性疾病对老年人危害严重，而接种疫苗是预防感染最经济有效的手段。本文主要通过回顾分析流感病毒、肺炎链球菌、水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）感染对老年人造成的健康和经济负担，以及相应疫苗的作用、效果及接种必要性，提出一系列促进老年人接种疫苗的措施建议，一是提升老年人和医务人员对疾病和疫苗的认识，加强科普宣传；二是倡导医防协同，鼓励医务人员为"适龄人群"开具疫苗健康处方；三是提升新型疫苗的研发和生产供应能力；四是制定和开发政策，解决支付障碍，提升接种便利性。通过综合措施提高疫苗接种率，降低感染性疾病和相关并发症的发生风险，提升老年人健康水平和生活生命质量，减轻社会和家庭的经济负担，降低医疗资源负荷，助力健康中国行动。.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the common adverse drug reactions in the clinic and is also the main reason for the withdrawal of new drugs from the market. Although the overall incidence rate of DILI is not high; however, it can cause severe adverse outcome and even death, and has become the core cause of acute liver failure in Europe and the United States. In addition, DILI diagnosis is a puzzling problem for clinicians. Drug re-stimulation can be used as the "gold standard" in the diagnosis of DILI, but it may re-induce liver failure, so it cannot be recommended for clinical use. Currently, laboratory diagnostic methods including serum biomarker, genetic testing, scoring scale, and so on are available for DILI.药物性肝损伤（DILI）是临床常见的药物不良反应之一，也是新药撤市的主要原因。DILI虽然总体发病率不高，但可对患者造成严重不良结果，甚至引起患者死亡，已成为欧美国家急性肝衰竭的主要原因。DILI的诊断是困扰临床医生的一个难题，药物再刺激可以作为诊断DILI的"金标准"，但是可能再次诱发肝衰竭，因此在临床中并不推荐使用。目前现有的关于DILI的实验诊断方法包括血清生物标志物诊断、基因诊断、评分量表诊断等。.

Inflammatory accumulation in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) may influence the formation and development of coronary artery disease (CAD). EAT macrophages exhibit M1 polarization and the secretion of a large number of inflammatory factors in CAD patients. Emerging data demonstrate that Krüppel-like factor-7 (KLF7), contributes to the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and the secretion of adipose tissue inflammation. However, the function of KLF7 in EAT inflammation still remains to be uncovered. This study aims to investigate the role of KLF7 in macrophage activation in EAT.The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in cell supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression levels were measured by Real Time-PCR. The protein expression level was detected by Western blot.The expression of inflammatory factors and KLF7 were markedly increased in CAD EAT than non-CAD EAT. KLF7 is highly expressed in human THP-1-derived macrophages induced by inflammatory stimuli, such as LPS. The knockdown of KLF7 inhibited the release of inflammatory factors and significantly decreased the expression of KLF7 in human THP-1-derived macrophages stimulated by LPS. Moreover, transfection with KLF7-siRNA caused the marked inhibition of LPS-induced phosphorylation of JNK-MAPKs and also suppressed the levels of p-p65 and inhibited the activation of p-IκBα.Taken together, these results indicate that KLF7 enhances macrophage activation, mediated by JNK-NF-κB signaling pathways in EAT. This suggests that KLF7 may be a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases such as CAD.

Lopinavir/ritonavir has modest antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The aim was to investigate the viral kinetics and factors associated with viral clearance during lopinavir/ritonavir-based combination treatment in non-severe patients.Sixty-four patients were retrospectively enrolled. Viral RNA was detected by real-time RT-PCR assay from sputum or throat swab samples at different time points. The patterns of viral kinetics were characterized, and factors associated with rapid viral clearance, which was defined as viral RNA undetectable within two weeks, were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analyses.All patients achieved viral RNA negativity and were discharged from the hospital. Furthermore, 48 (75%) and 16 (25%) patients achieved rapid and delayed viral clearance, respectively. The lymphocyte counts of rapid viral clearance patients (1.40 [1.20-1.80] × 109/L) were higher, when compared to delayed viral clearance patients (1.00 [0.70-1.47] × 109/L) (p=0.024). The multivariate logistic analysis revealed that high lymphocyte count (≥1.3×109/L) is an independent factor associated with rapid viral clearance (OR=7.62, 95% CI=1.15-50.34, p=0.035).The viral shedding exhibited different patterns during treatment. Immune insufficiency is responsible for the delayed viral clearance, suggesting that an immunomodulator should be considered to promote viral clearance in patients with low lymphocyte counts.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer and PTC patients with invasion and metastases features have a poor prognosis. Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic which has been reported to be involved in cancer progression. However, the roles of propofol and the exact molecular mechanisms in PTC remain largely unknown.Cells viability was detected using the CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) assay. The expressions of microRNA-122 (miR-122) were measured by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Cells migration and invasion abilities were investigated by transwell. Western blot was used to demonstrate the expression of metastasis-and EMT-related proteins.We found a significant inhibition of cells viability in TPC-1 and IHH-4 cells compared to Nthy-ori 3-1 cell line after exposed to propofol. The functional experiment showed propofol could suppress cells migration, invasion, and EMT in PTC. Subsequently, a decreased expression of miR-122 was detected in TPC-1 and IHH-4 cells, while a promotion of propofol on miR-122 expression was identified. Furthermore, we found miR-122 could inhibit cells migration, invasion, and EMT in PTC. Next, the rescue study indicated that miR-122 inhibitor transfection could attenuate propofol-induced suppression on TPC-1 and IHH-4 cells metastasis.Propofol suppresses migration, invasion, and EMT in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells by regulating miR-122 expression. The findings may indicate significant clinical implications for anesthetic agents to prevent metastasis and improve outcomes in papillary thyroid carcinoma.