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This study investigated the prevalence of and risk factors for alveolar fenestration and dehiscence in the anterior teeth of Chinese patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion.This study included clinical and radiographic examinations and intraoperative observations of 460 anterior teeth from 54 patients who underwent corticotomy and periodontal regenerative surgery before orthodontic treatment. Fenestration and dehiscence were detected and recorded during open-flap surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess relationships between fenestration and dehiscence and age, sex, history of previous orthodontic treatment, mandibular plane angle, dentition, tooth position, sagittal root position, periodontal biotype, gingival recession, width of keratinized gingiva, and width of the basal bone.The prevalence of buccal alveolar bone defects was 16.1% (fenestration) and 20.7% (dehiscence) at the tooth level. Multivariate logistic regressions showed that fenestration was significantly associated with tooth position (canine vs central incisor, odds ratio [OR] = 3.324; P = 0.006; lateral incisor vs central incisor, OR = 5.588; P 0.001), and sagittal root position (buccally positioned vs centrally positioned, OR = 5.865; P = 0.025). Dehiscence was significantly associated with dentition (mandible vs maxilla, OR = 11.685; P 0.001), tooth position (canine vs central incisor, OR = 3.863; P = 0.007), age (OR = 1.227; P = 0.010), sex (male vs female, OR = 5.530; P = 0.026), and history of orthodontic treatment (yes vs no, OR = 4.773; P = 0.028).Buccally positioned teeth in the osseous housing, lateral incisors, and canines were more likely to exhibit alveolar fenestration. Mandibular teeth and canines, patients who were older, were male, and had a history of orthodontic treatment, were more likely to exhibit alveolar dehiscence.

Eighty-four amateur half marathon athletes (168 side feet) in Beijing from October 2018 to May 2021 were recruited, and their age, gender and whether they have foot pain were collected, including 44 males and 40 females, aged from 21 to 60 (40.7±9.3) years. All participants underwent bipedal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, and the degree of foot pain was graded by foot ankle injury scale (FASS scale). The relationship between MRI features and the foot pain of amateur half marathon athletes were analyzed. The study found that the proportion of foot pain symptoms among amateur half marathon athletes in Beijing was high(122/168), and the MRI manifestations were mainly heel tendinitis and plantar fasciitis, which accounted for about 59.5% of all cases.招募2018年10月至2021年5月北京地区84例（168侧足）业余半程马拉松运动员，收集其年龄、性别及是否患有足痛等资料，其中男44例，女40例，年龄21~60（40.7±9.3）岁。对所有入组者行均行双足MRI检查，并使用足踝损伤程度量表（FASS分级表）对参与者进行足痛程度分级。分析业余半程马拉松运动员足部疼痛相关的MRI表现特点。研究结果发现北京地区业余半程马拉松运动员中有疼痛症状足者比例高（122/168），MRI表现以跟腱炎和跖筋膜炎为主，这两种表现约占全部病例的59.5%。.

鼻出血是耳鼻咽喉科的常见急症之一，但鼻出血伴发急性期脑出血的高危情况较为少见。本文总结分析了2例就诊于北京朝阳医院的伴有急性期脑出血的鼻出血患者的病例资料，包括临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查及治疗情况等。并结合国内外相关文献，总结了鼻出血患者并发急性脑出血的特点，提示耳鼻咽喉科医生对于有脑出血高风险的鼻出血患者做到早发现、早干预，避免延误治疗。.

With further climate change still expected, it is predicted to increase the frequency with plants will be water stressed, which subsequently influences phytophagous insects, particularly Lepidoptera with limited mobility of larvae. Previous studies have indicated that oviposition preference and offspring performance of Lepidoptera insects are sensitive to drought separately. However, the integration of their two properties is not always seen. Here, we evaluated changes in oviposition selection and offspring fitness of a Lepidoptera insect under three water-stressed treatments using a model agroecosystem consisting of maize Zea mays, and Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis. Results found that female O. furnacalis preferred to laying their eggs on well-watered maize, and then their offspring tended to survive better, attained bigger larvae mass, and developed more pupae and adults on the preferred maize. Oviposition selection of O. furnacalis positively correlated with height and leaf traits of maize, and offspring fitness positively related with water content and phytochemical traits of hosts. Overall, these results suggest that oviposition choice performed by O. furnacalis reflects the maximization of offspring fitness, supporting preference-performance hypothesis. This finding further highlights that the importance of simultaneous evaluation of performance and performance for water driving forces should be involved, in order to accurately predict population size of O. furnacalis under altered precipitation pattern.

OBJECTIVE: To select and define the clinical questions and outcomes of Guideline for the Emergency Treatment of Anaphylaxis. METHODS: A draft including clinical questions, which could be divided into foreground questions and background questions, and outcomes was drawn and revised by the secretary group for the guideline referring to the present guidelines with the guidance of a panel consisting of 7 experienced clinical medicine, pharmacy and nursing experts. Foreground questions and outcomes of the draft were voted into a final version after three rounds of counsels of 22 experienced medicine, pharmacy and nursing clinical experts using Delphi method including 3 rounds of inquiry. And the background questions were directly included in the guideline after the 22 experts' thorough revising. The research was carried out under the supervision of method ologists. Active coefficient, coefficient of variation and the frequencies of each score were calculated for quality control. RESULTS: The draft of 34 foreground questions, 6 background questions and 6 outcomes was finally drawn up after thorough selecting and consulting. The 6 background questions revised by the clinical experts were all included. After three rounds of Delphi method, 28 pivotal clinical questions covering the diagnosis, preparation for the treatment, treatment and administration after the treatment, and 6 outcomes were defined and included for the guideline. The rest of the foreground questions, 4 of which were recognized as essential and 2 as important, were excluded from the guideline and left for further revising or updating. As for the outcomes, 4 of them were recognized as critical and the rest as important. The experts contributing to the research were active as the active coefficient reached 100%, and the degree of consensus was fine as the frequencies of the feedback scoring equal to or greater than 4 for all the 28 foreground questions included were greater than 75% and the result was settled in the first round. And 2 outcomes, fatality rate and severity, reached a higher degree of consensus with coefficient of variation less than 15%. CONCLUSION: After thorough and rigorous selecting, the clinical questions and outcomes to be included in the Guideline for the Emergency Treatment of Anaphylaxis were finally selected and defined via Delphi method, guiding the future development of the guidelines.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the distance from cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to alveolar crest (AC) of labial side of anterior teeth on skeletal Angle class Ⅲ patients under direct vision during periodontal bone augmentation surgery and to make relevant analysis to find the relevant factors. METHODS: In the study, 46 skeletal Angle class Ⅲ patients (10 males and 36 females) received periodontal bone augmentation surgery of anterior teeth were included, with 67 jaws (27 maxillae and 40 mandibles) and 400 anterior teeth (161 maxillary anterior teeth and 239 mandibular anterior teeth). The mean age was 23.65 years. Maxillary anterior teeth consisted of 54 central incisors, 53 lateral incisors and 54 canines. Mandibular anterior teeth consisted of 79 central incisors, 80 lateral incisors and 80 canines. CEJ-AC was measured in three sites (mesial sites, central sites and distal sites) by Williams periodontal probes during periodontal bone augmentation surgery under direct vision by the same researcher. RESULTS: The average CEJ-AC of 400 anterior teeth was (2.21±1.48) mm. The average CEJ-AC of maxillary anterior teeth was (1.72±1.13) mm, more than (2.54±1.60) mm of mandibular anterior teeth (P

PurposeTo systematically review studies investigating health-related quality-of-life (HrQoL) in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), to examine questionnaires used and to conduct a meta-analysis of control studies with normal ovarian function.MethodsData sources: PubMed, Embase, Web of science, CNKI, and CQVIP, searched from inception until June 2018. The search strategy was a combination of medical (e.g. POI), subjective (e.g. well-being) and methodological (e.g. questionnaires) keywords. PRISMA guidelines were used to assess outcome data quality/validity by one reviewer, verified by a second reviewer. Risk of bias within studies was evaluated. A meta-analysis compared HrQoL in patients and non-patients. Due to measurement differences in the studies, the effect size was calculated as standard mean difference.ResultsWe identified 6869 HrQoL studies. Nineteen geographically diverse studies met inclusion criteria, dated from 2006, using 23 questionnaires. The meta-analysis included six studies with 645 POI participants (age 33.3 ± 5.47) and 492 normal-ovarian control subjects (age 32.87 ± 5.61). Medium effect sizes were found for lower overall HrQoL (pooled SMD = − 0.73, 95% CI − 0.94, − 0.51;I2 = 54%) and physical function (pooled SMD = − 0.54, 95% CI − 0.69, − 0.39;I2 = 55%). Heterogeneity was investigated. Effect sizes varied for sexual function depending on the measure (SMD = − 0.27 to − 0.74), overall HrQoL (SF-36) had the largest effect size (− 0.93) in one study. The effect sizes for psychological and social HrQoL were small.ConclusionPOI is associated with low-to-medium effect size on HrQoL compared to normal ovarian controls. The greatest effects are found in general HrQoL and most sexual function areas. Condition-specific questionnaires and RCTs are recommended for further investigation.

BACKGROUND To investigate soft- and hard-tissue changes after augmented corticotomy in Chinese adult patients with skeletal Angle Class III malocclusion. METHODS This non-randomized controlled trial included 357 anterior teeth from 30 Chinese adult patients with skeletal Angle Class III malocclusion for whom the proposed treatment was augmented corticotomy. Jaws receiving surgery were allocated to a test group (S, surgical group, n = 47) and jaws not receiving surgery were allocated to a control group (NS, non-surgical group, n = 13). Changes in the periodontal biotype, width of the keratinized gingiva (WKG), and labial and lingual horizontal bone thicknesses (BTs) were compared 6 months after surgery by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS After adjustment for confounding variables, average gains of 0.473 mm in the WKG and 0.649 mm in the labial BT were found in the S group relative to the NS group (P

Results of Cobalt-60 irradiation of low dropout voltage regulators at high and low dose rates are presented. Performance in the space radiation environment is discussed.

Microprocessors are widely used in space applications. ARM processors fabricated with FDSOI technologies are promising for future space programs. However, radiation-hardening approaches can greatly affect the resource overhead and performance. These hardening techniques need to be evaluated at system level to better understand their effectiveness, especially for modern CMOS technologies. In this paper, two ARM® Cortex® M0 cores, a reference core and a hardened core were implemented on the same die in a 28-nm FDSOI technology. The reference core was designed with components from the standard cell library, while the other one was implemented with hardened DICE flip-flops. Both of the cores shared the same on-chip TMR-protected SRAM. Heavy ion experiments showed that the error cross section of the core with DICE flip-flops was about 2 times smaller at LET of 40 MeV·cm2·mg−1. This suggests that the contribution from logic circuits in the microprocessor cores also need to be considered for better error reduction.

Results of Cobalt-60 irradiation of biCMOS and bipolar voltage references at high and low dose rates are presented. Performance in the space radiation environment is discussed.

The self-assembled fabrication of large-area opal photonic crystals (PCs) that are free of cracks has remained a challenge which greatly limits the practicality of such a structure in optical and electronic applications. We report a new route in this paper for fabricating centimeter scale crack-free opal PC films in which the latex spheres are bound together through coordination bonds. The elimination of cracks in the PCs is attributed to the formation of metal ion–polymer latex spheres coordination complexes which is confirmed by shifts of the binding energy of the metal ion after the reaction. The coordination bonds enhance the interactions between the polymer latex spheres, which can neutralize the adhesion stress caused by the substrate and tension stress caused by the shrinkage of the latex spheres during the evaporation of solvent. The as-prepared PC films show a uniform diffraction color and excellent reflection properties, which proves that the formation of coordination bonds does not weaken the contrasts of the refractive index or the optical quality of the PCs. This facile fabrication of large area, crack-free opal PCs will offer significant insight into the preparation and applications of PCs in optical devices.

To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of detecting alveolar bone dehiscence and fenestration of maxillary anterior teeth of Angle class III by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Eighteen Angle class III patients with 108 maxillary anterior teeth were included (3 males and 15 females) who accepted modified corticotomy in orthodontic therapy. The mean age was 23.6 years (18-30 years). The clinical detection of dehiscence and fenestration was done when modified corticotomy was performed by the same periodontist. The CBCT examination was conducted pre-operation and the detection of dehiscence and fenestration by CBCT was done by two periodontists. The data in modified corticotomy were used as the golden standard to calculate the parameters, such as sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, Youden index (YI), positive and negative likelihood ratio. Kappa statistic was used to analyze the agreement between the clinical detection and the CBCT detection.The incidence of dehiscence and fenestration was about 10.19% and 13.89% respectively, which mainly occurred on lateral incisors and canines. The median values of length and width of dehiscence were about 5 mm and 4 mm, and the median values of length and width of fenestration were 3 mm and 2 mm, respectively. Most fenestrations were detected on the middle third to the apical third of the root. For dehiscence, the agreement between clinical detection and CBCT detection was statistically significant (P0.05). For fenestration, the agreement between clinical detection and CBCT detection was statistically significant (P0.05). The values of sensitivity and specificity for detecting dehiscence were more than 0.7. The values of positive and negative predictive values for detecting dehiscence were 0.44 and 0.97. The values of sensitivity and specificity for detecting fenestration were 0.93 and 0.52. The values of positive and negative predictive values for detecting fenestration were 0.24 and 0.98.For dehiscence, the agreement between clinical detection and CBCT detection was good. For fenestration, the agreement between clinical detection and CBCT detection was general. Detection of dehiscence and fenestration of maxillary anterior teeth of Angle class III by CBCT had limited diagnostic value in clinical practice with overestimation of dehiscence and fenestration incidence.

Currently, the main sample pretreatment methods for forensic toxic analysis are liquid-liquid extraction （LLE） and solid-phase extraction （SPE）. As a simple, convenient, and low-cost LLE method, dispersion liquid-liquid microextraction （DLLME） has high enrichment factor and good extraction efficiency, and therefore has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of toxicology analysis in recent years. As a multi-functional microextraction method, DLLME has been widely used in the analysis of pesticides, sleeping sedatives, drugs and heavy metal poisons in forensic toxic analysis. Meanwhile, it can also be used in combination with such a variety of analytical instruments as gas chromatography-electron capture detectors （GC-ECD）, high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detectors （HPLC-DAD）. As a sample pretreatment method, DLLME has the advantages of simple operation, less use of organic solvent, reliable results and good reproducibility, thus can meet the requirements of modern court toxic analysis.分散液-液微萃取在法庭毒物分析中的应用.当前法庭毒物分析的主要样品前处理方法为液-液萃取与固相萃取，分散液-液微萃取（dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction，DLLME）属于液-液萃取方法，是一种简单、便捷、低成本的微萃取技术，具有高的富集因子和好的提取效率，近年来已经受到诸多法庭毒物分析领域研究人员的关注。作为一种多功能的微萃取方法，DLLME广泛应用于法庭毒物分析中农药、安眠镇静药、毒品和重金属毒物的分析。同时DLLME也可与多种分析仪器联用，如气相色谱-电子捕获检测器、高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器等。DLLME作为样品前处理方法具有操作简单、有机溶剂用量少、结果可靠、重现性好等优势，可满足现代法庭毒物分析的要求。.法医毒理学；分散液-液微萃取；毒物分析；前处理技术；综述.

Phrynocephalus erythrurus living at Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is believed to be the highest lizard in the world, but we know little about how these lizards cope with very low temperatures in winter.The aim of this study was to find the difference of the lizards before and after cold acclimatization.In this study the limit of supercooling and inoculative freezing, the concentration of four organic osmolytes, and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in the plasma were measured in samples shortly after capture and in other samples after 7~8 weeks of acclimatization at 2~4 degree C.Animals acquired an ability to undergo deeper supercooling and inoculative freezing through the course of acclimatization. We find no regular changes of the four organic osmolytes after the acclimatization.We think that this species of lizard is partly freeze-tolerant and conclude that it uses supercooling to survive in winter.

Civil construction is an important source of carbon emissions. The implementation of total carbon emission control for civil buildings is an important means to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction in China. The study divides civil buildings into urban residential buildings, rural residential buildings, public buildings, and northern urban heating. The study calculates and predicts the total carbon emissions of China’s civil buildings. Firstly, according to the statistical method of IPCC, the calculation model of carbon emissions of civil buildings is constructed, and the total amount of carbon emissions of civil buildings in China from 2005 to 2016 is calculated by using the energy balance table. Further, based on the improved grey prediction method, the national civil use from 2017 to 2025 is predicted. Total carbon emissions from construction. The forecast results show that in 2017-2025, the annual average carbon emission growth rate of buildings is about 4.65%, and by 2025, the total emission is expected to reach 298.176 million tons of CO2. In order to achieve the 2030 emission reduction target, it is necessary to further optimize the energy structure, improve the energy efficiency of the building, and increase the carbon emission reduction in civil construction.

This study analyses the intake tower of a pumped storage power station in a dynamic way. The pseudo-static and response spectrum methods are used to obtain the stress–displacement distribution of the intake tower structure under normal water storage conditions. The extreme values of stress and displacement in the X, Y and Z directions and the differences of their locations are comparatively analysed. The path of the maximum principal stress of the protruding part is finally obtained. Results show that under seismic conditions, the pseudo-static and response spectrum methods can reflect changes in stress. The pseudo-static method is relatively safe, but using the response spectrum method out of reach of an anti-seismic location is more reasonable. The research results can serve as a reference for the structure design of intake towers.

(100) Oriented (PbxSr1−x)TiO3 (PST) thin films were prepared on indium tin oxide coated glass substrates by sol–gel technique with rapid thermal processing. The dielectric permittivity and tunability of the thin films with different dispersion degrees of orientation were investigated in detail by characterizing the full width at half maximum of their (100) peak based on rocking curves at different annealing temperatures. Influence of orientation dispersion on dielectric properties was exhibited in the tunable dielectric thin films. It shows that the dielectric constant and hence the tunability of the sol–gel derived PST thin films are improved with the decrease in the dispersion degree of orientation of the perovskite phase other than the increase in the content of crystalline phase in the thin films. The dielectric constant (capacitance) and figure of merit of the oriented thin films are 3–6 times and 1 times higher than that of randomly oriented thin film respectively.

Objectif Etudier la valeur clinique de l’enteroscopie a double ballon (EDB) associee a une tomodensitometrie abdominale avec contraste dans le diagnostic d’une occlusion de l’intestin grele.

Parkinson's disease(PD)was the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease. Incidence of PD was ascending year by year. The etiology of PD is poorly understood, involving aging, genetic and environmental factors. Recently, environmental compound had attracted more and more research interest. Studies and extrapolation from epidemiology, animal experiments and cell culture suggested that environmental compound had involved in the molecular mechanisms including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, microglia activation, abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein and autophagy damage ,which seemed to increase PD risk.