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As a novel X-ray focusing technology, lobster eye micro-pore optics (MPO) feature both a wide observing field of view and true imaging capability, promising sky monitoring with significantly improved sensitivity and spatial resolution in soft X-rays. Since first proposed by Angel (1979), the optics have been extensively studied, developed and trialed over the past decades. In this Letter, we report on the first-light results from a flight experiment of the Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy ($LEIA$), a pathfinder of the wide-field X-ray telescope of the Einstein Probe mission. The piggyback imager, launched in July 2022, has a mostly un-vignetted field of view of $18.6^\circ \times 18.6^\circ $. Its spatial resolution is in the range of 4$-$7 arcmin in FWHM and the focal spot effective area is 2$-$3 cm$^2$, both showing only mild fluctuations across the field of view. We present images of the Galactic center region, Sco X-1 and the diffuse Cygnus Loop nebular taken in snapshot observations over 0.5$-$4 keV. These are truly wide-field X-ray images of celestial bodies observed, for the first time, by a focusing imaging telescope. Initial analyses of the in-flight data show excellent agreement between the observed images and the on-ground calibration and simulations. The instrument and its characterization are briefly described, as well as the flight experiment. The results provide a solid basis for the development of the present and proposed wide-field X-ray missions using lobster eye MPO., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letter

目的 探讨真性红细胞增多症（PV）患者干扰素和（或）羟基脲治疗后症状负荷改善与血液学疗效之间的关系。 方法 对190例符合WHO（2016）诊断分型标准、接受干扰素和（或）羟基脲连续治疗≥6个月的PV患者，分别应用外周血细胞计数和骨髓增殖性肿瘤总症状评估量表（MPN-10）评价患者血液学疗效和症状负荷。 结果 全部190例PV患者中，男93例（48.9％），女97例（51.1％）。进行MPN-10评分时，患者中位年龄为60（32～82）岁。全部患者中位MPN-10总分为9（0～67）分，干扰素+羟基脲组（27例）为11（0～67）分，显著高于干扰素组［64例，6（0～56）分，P＝0.019］和羟基脲组［99例，9（0～64）分，P＝0.047］，而干扰素组与羟基脲组差异无统计学意义（P＝0.421）。28.9％（55/190）的患者存在重度症状（单项症状评分≥7分或总分≥44分），干扰素组、羟基脲组、干扰素+羟基脲组重度症状患者占比分别为23.4％、29.3％、40.7％，组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。全部190例患者中，进行MPN-10评分时71例（37.4％）获得完全血液学缓解（CHR），仅55例（28.9％）获得疾病充分控制（获得CHR且无重度症状）。未获得疾病充分控制的患者包括：血细胞增高80例（42.1％），获得CHR但伴重度症状16例（8.4％），血细胞增高且伴重度症状39例（20.5％）。PLT>400×109/L患者中存在重度症状患者比例、MPN-10总分中位数均高于PLT≤400×109/L患者［40.8％（20/49）对24.8％（35/141），P＝0.044；14（0～67）分对7（0～56）分，P＝0.038］。PLT>400×109/L是存在重度症状的危险因素（HR＝2.089，95％CI 1.052～4.147，P＝0.035）。 结论 经干扰素和（或）羟基脲治疗后，PV患者症状负荷未获满意控制仍较突出，部分患者虽然获得CHR，仍存在重度症状负荷。PLT>400×109/L是干扰素和羟基脲治疗后患者存在重度症状的危险因素。

Dys-regulated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the cell growth of several malignancies and their aggressive phenotypes. LncRNA DBH-AS1 plays an important role in the advancement of various malignant tumors, but its contribution to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still unexplored. This study intends to elucidate the role of the regulatory network of lncRNA DBH-AS1 in NSCLC progression.The LncDBH-AS1 expression in 32 paired NSCLC patients' tissue samples and NSCLC cell lines were determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The role of LncDBH-AS1 in NSCLC was investigated through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation assay in vitro. Besides, the interaction between LncDBH-AS1 and miR-155 was also analyzed.The DBH-AS1 expression was significantly down-regulated in NSCLC cell lines and tissue samples. Decreased DBH-AS1 levels promoted the in vitro proliferation of the NSCLC cells. The mechanism was that DBH-AS1 regulated AXIN1 expression by sponging miR-155 in NSCLC cell lines. Importantly, LncDBH-AS1 might inhibit WNT/β-CATENIN activation in NSCLC cells.The progression of NSCLC is facilitated by DBH-AS1 via miR-155 interaction and up-regulation of AXIN1 expression.

COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. After the infection of the virus, the host immune system is stimulated to produce multifarious specific antibodies to decrease or eliminate effects of the pathogen. Study of the specific antibodies dynamic characteristics in patients with COVID-19 is very important for the understanding and diagnosis of the disease, research and development of vaccine, and planning of prevention and control strategy. This paper reviews and summarizes the domestic and oversea research on dynamic characteristics of specific antibodies of COVID-19 patients, including the antibody producing, duration and level, and its possible influencing factors in order to improve the understanding of the immunological characteristics of COVID-19.新型冠状病毒肺炎是由新型冠状病毒（新冠病毒）引起的新发传染病。新冠病毒侵入人体后，刺激免疫系统产生多种特异性抗体，来减弱或清除病原体对机体的影响。研究新冠病毒感染后人体内特异性抗体动态变化特征对于疾病认识、诊断、以及疫苗研究与防控策略制定具有重要意义。本文对国内外关于新冠病毒感染者不同类型特异性抗体产生和持续时间、抗体水平及其可能的影响因素等方面的相关研究进行归纳分析，从而增进对新冠病毒感染后机体免疫学特征的了解。.

To examine the correlation betweenA total of 228 serum samples collected from women with spontaneous abortion for the first time from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the case group, while 228 serum samples collected from pregnant women with a normal delivery and without a history of abortion during the same period were selected as the control group. The serum IgG and IgM antibodies againstThere were no significant differences between the case and control groups in terms of age, education levels, occupation, residency and proportion of keeping cats (allAcute maternal

Background CBCSG006 trial reported the superior efficacy of cisplatin plus gemcitabine (GP) regimen than paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (GT) regimen as first-line treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). This study focused on the updated survival data and the explorations of potential biomarkers for efficacy. Patients and methods Germ-line mutations of homologous recombination (HR) panel, BRCA1/2 included, were evaluated in 55.9% (132/236) patients. PD-L1 expression was evaluated in 48.3% (114/236) patients. A nonparametric sliding-window subpopulation treatment effect pattern plot (STEPP) methodology was used to analyze the absolute survival benefits. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.73 [95% confidence interval (CI) 6.46–9.00] months for GP arm and 6.07 (95% CI 5.32–6.83) months for GT arm (P = 0.005). No significant difference in overall survival (OS) was observed. There was significant interaction between HR status and treatment for PFS and status of HR deficient significantly correlated with higher objective response rate (ORR) and longer PFS in GP arm than in GT arm (71.9% versus 38.7%, P = 0.008; 10.37 versus 4.30 months, P = 0.011). There was no significant interaction between germ-line BRCA1/2 (gBRCA1/2) status and treatment for PFS. Patients with gBRCA1/2 mutation had numerically higher ORR and prolonged PFS in GP arm than in GT arm (83.3% versus 37.5%, P = 0.086; 8.90 versus 3.20 months, P = 0.459). There was no significant interaction between PD-L1 status and treatment for PFS, and no significant differences in ORR, PFS or OS between two arms regardless of PD-L1 status. In STEPP analysis, patients with lower composite risks had more absolute benefits in PFS than those with higher composite risks. Conclusions GP regimen has superior efficacy than GT regimen as first-line chemotherapy for mTNBC patients. Germ-line mutations of BRCA1/2 and HR panel are possible biomarkers for better performance of cisplatin-based regimens. A composite risk model was developed to guide patient selection for GP treatment in TNBC patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01287624.

患者女，53岁，因发现"右乳肿块1个月余"就诊。肿物直径约1.3 cm，灰白色，质韧。镜下病变界尚清，2/3的区域为硬化性腺病，另1/3的区域硬化性间质中杂乱分布着小腺管以及鳞状分化细胞巢，鳞化细胞巢多呈实性条索状，部分形成大小不等的角化囊肿；病变细胞形态温和，核分裂象罕见，并见淋巴细胞聚集灶，局灶浸润周围组织。免疫组织化学显示该区域内大部分细胞巢周围缺乏p63、calponin及CD10染色，部分鳞状分化巢CK5/6和p63阳性，诊断为乳腺硬化性腺病基础上的低级别腺鳞癌。.

In this paper, the multisensor systems with ARMA coloured measurement noise are converted to those with the same local dynamic model and uncorrelated noises by using the state augmented method. Furthermore, the globally optimal weighted measurement fusion Kalman filter is given. Compared with the existing methods transforming the multisensor systems into those with the same or different local dynamic models and correlated noises, the transformed system models in this paper are applicable to the weighted measurement fusion algorithm. Although the dimension of augmented state is higher than that in the existing references, the computational load and complexity of the whole optimal fusion Kalman filter are better than the existing fusers. The simulation example for a 3-sensors radar tracking system with colored measurement noises shows its effectiveness.

To comprehend clinical features and patient's physician visit patterns at onset of immunoglobulin G4 related disease (IgG4RD).In the study, 100 patients with IgG4RD who received treatments in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of Peking University People's Hospital from Apr. 1st, 2017 to Apr. 1st, 2018 were investigated, including gender, age, height, body weight, age of onset, physician visit history, primary history and how did the disease affected their life, etc. RESULTS: In this 100 IgG4RD cohort (57 males and 43 females), the male/female ratio was 1:0.75, the mean age of onset was (51.51±12.9) years, and the median duration was 49 months (ranging from 4 to 231 months). The onset age of males was significantly older than that of females (P0.01). The manifestations showed that up to 69% patients had submaxillay glands lesion, 59% patients had lacrimal glands lesion, 28% patients had pancreas involvement and 28% patients had parotid glands involvement. The females had more lacrimal glands involvement (P0.05). 62% patients were complicated with anaphylactic disease. The primary physician visit departments concentrated upon general surgery department (19/100), oral and maxillofacial surgery department (17/100), rheumatology and immunology department (16/100), ophthalmology department (15/100) and gastroenterology department (10/100). The departments where the confirmed diagnose was made concentrated upon rheumatology department (67/100),oral and maxillofacial surgery department (16/100) and gastroenterology department (7/100). The mean diagnosis duration after 2010 was (16.96±2.163) months, significantly shorter than that before 2010, which was (113.3±11.01) months. Before the definite diagnose was made, 43% patients underwent surgeries and 12% patients had more than one time surgeries. The patients whose first-visit department was a surgery department were more likely to undergo surgeries (P0.01). 18% patients (18/100) stated that the disease had affected their work.In this cohort of the IgG4RD patients, female is common and has earlier onset age than male. The major manifestations of IgG4RD are salivary glands, lacrimal glands and pancreas involvement. The common chief complains are salivary glands and lacrimal glands enlargement. Accompanied by anaphylactic disease is a marked manifestation of this disease. Delayed diagnoses are not rare, though this situation has been improved since 2010, and more attention still should be paid to the disease.

In the northern hemisphere, there are six permanent or semi-permanent atmospheric activity centers, namely the Icelandic Low, Aleutian Low, India Low, Mongolia High, North Pacific High, and North Atlantic High. The first four are semi-permanent action centers and the last two are permanent circulation systems. The India Low exists only during the summer. By using 160 years (1850–2009) of monthly mean sea level pressure data from the Hadley Centre in the UK, we conduct a comprehensive study of the five boreal winter atmospheric centers of action (ACAs). Based on a unified definition and a method determined in previous studies, we calculate the indices of areal coverage (S), intensity (P), and position of action center (λ c, φ c) for each of these five ACAs. Through an in-depth analysis of these indices and their relationships with climate variables, we evaluate the indices by describing and explaining areal climate anomalies, particularly precipitation and temperature anomalies in China. We show that (1) ACAs significantly influence the climate anomalies of surrounding areas (2) the influences of oceanic ACAs are larger and the intensity anomalies of ACAs have a greater impact than their location displacement, and (3) ACAs exert more control on temperature than they do on precipitation. For the two ACAs over the north Atlantic, the impacts of their intensities on the anomalies of temperature and precipitation are similar. For the two ACAs over the north Pacific, their influences are almost the opposite. The most influential ACA for climate anomalies in China during the boreal winter is HMO. When HMO is stronger, China has a colder winter and it is wetter in the north. With stronger ACAs in the upstream, i.e., the Icelandic Low and North Atlantic High, northern China has a warmer winter. The ACAs over the north Pacific exert little influence on climate anomalies in China during winter. The analyses presented in this paper provide a set of useful indices for defining and describing ACAs, and they suggest insightful applications for these indices.

With the continuous attention to the microplastics pollution in the world, since 2014, Chinese scholars have rapidly carried out a large number of microplastics pollution investigation and experimental research. This paper summarizes the research results of microplastics pollution in abiotic environment (ocean, land water, soil, atmosphere) in this stage, in order to provide support for the future research.

To investigate the role of Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway in the cardioprotective mechanisms of exercise preconditioning (EP).Eighty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into the Group control, Group EE, Group EP+EE, Group EP+EE+AG, and Group EE+AG. By using 3 days of intermittent treadmill exercise, this study established the EP animal model. Rats were subjected to run to exhaustion on the treadmill at 30 m/min with 0% grade as an exhaustive exercise (EE) protocol. The myocardial injury induced by exhaustive exercise was produced 24 h after EP. JAK2 inhibitor (AG490, 3 mg/kg) was injected before EP. Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels and hematoxylin basic fuchsine picric acid (HBFP) staining were used to observe the degree of myocardial ischemia. TUNEL, Bcl2, and cleaved caspase-3 levels were used to evaluate the change of myocardial apoptosis. Moreover, the phosphorylations of JAK2 and STAT3 were analyzed as possible mechanisms that might explain the EP-induced cardioprotection.EP significantly attenuated the exhaustive exercise-induced myocardial ischemia injury, associated with lower serum cTnI levels, decreased myocardial infarct area, reduced myocardial apoptosis, increased Bcl2 level, decreased cleaved caspase-3 level, and the increased phosphorylations of JAK2 and STAT3. Treatment with AG490 abolished the cardioprotective effects and the enhanced phosphorylations of JAK2 and STAT3 induced by EP.EP plays its cardioprotective role via activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, reducing the apoptosis of myocardial cells and alleviating myocardial ischemia injury.

Oridonin, an ent-kaurene diterpenoid isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Rabdosia rubescens, has been reported to be a potent cytotoxic agent against a wide array of cancer cells. However, its effect on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells has not been well investigated. The present study aimed to explore the anti-tumour effect of oridonin in NPC cells and its underlying mechanisms. Cell viability was examined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay and colony formation assay. Apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression of apoptosis-related proteins were analysed by flow cytometry with propidium iodide staining, JC-1 staining, DCFH-DA staining, and Western blot analysis, respectively. The results showed that oridonin concentration-dependently inhibited the cell viability, decreased the colony formation, and enhanced the apoptotic rate in NPC cells. Further, oridonin-induced apoptosis was mediated by the mitochondrial pathway in NPC cells, which was confirmed by the loss of MMP, downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein Mcl-1 and Bcl-2, upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member Bax, and activation of caspase-3 and PARP. Notably, the augmented ROS generation played an essential role in oridonin-induced apoptosis in NPC cells, as the apoptosis-inducing effect was attenuated by ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine. These results indicate that oridonin triggers apoptosis through the ROSmediated mitochondrial pathway in NPC cells. This study supports oridonin to be an interesting candidate drug for the treatment of human NPC.

A method for estimating cloud-base heights (CBHs) across wide swaths of passive satellite imagery is introduced. The constrained spectral radiance matching (CSRM) algorithm assigns donor columns observed by CloudSat/CALIPSO to recipient pixels across MODIS imagery. The column meeting the constraint is selected as a donor via spectral radiance matching (SRM). Results are compared using eight cloud characteristics, retrieved from passive imagery, as constraints and distinct values for a matching controlling factor α. Cloud-top pressure and α = 0.3 are used in the final algorithm. Estimates are made of CBH and layer-cloud fraction profile made by SRM, CSRM, cloud-type matching (CTM), and retrieved data matching (RDM) using a data-exclusion procedure. Results show that the CSRM is superior at estimating lowest CBH and layer-cloud fraction. It is also shown that, when cloud types are provided by merged CloudSat and CALIPSO data, the CTM provides the best estimates of uppermost CBH, with the CSRM taking second. Both the CSRM method and the straight SRM method construct layer-cloud fraction profiles very well for clouds between 2 and ∼15 km. A preliminary 3D rendering of tropical storm Soulik is presented.

The α-FeOOH nanorods with superb adsorption properties have been synthesised by a facile and scaled-up method. In this approach, KOH solution concentration plays a crucial role in controlling the morphology of α-FeOOH nanaocrystals. It has been demonstrated that the synthesised α-FeOOH nanorods are about 10 nm in diameter and 100 nm in length. The α-FeOOH nanorods have a high specific surface area (333 m2 g− 1), and exhibited super adsorption properties, with maximum adsorption capacity of 104.2 mg g− 1 for Congo red (CR). The as-prepared nanorods show a larger specific surface area than the nanoparticles do, which enhance their adsorption capacity and increase their potential for application in wastewater treatment. The adsorption process of CR on α-FeOOH nanorods was systematically investigated, which was found to obey the pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir adsorption model.

Chinese herbal medicine Jinlianqingre Effervescent Tablets (JET) are the recommended control measure for uncomplicated hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) by the Ministry of Health of China. However, high-quality evidence to support this recommendation is limited. A total of 288 patients ranging in age from 1 to 13 years were randomly assigned to JET in combination with conventional therapy (mainly including the reduction of temperature by applying physical cooling paste or warm bathing), or conventional therapy with placebo group for 7 days. The objective was to test the hypothesis that JET combination therapy is more effective than conventional therapy for uncomplicated HFMD. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was designed. Our study showed that, compared with conventional therapy, the median time to fever resolution was significantly shorter in the JET combination therapy (8 vs. 80 h; p < 0.0001); the risk of fever resolution increased in the JET combination therapy [hazard ratio, 19.8; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 12.8 to 30.7]; the median healing time of rash or oral ulcer was significantly shorter in the JET combination therapy (14 vs. 74 h; p < 0.0001); and the median symptom score for skin or oral mucosa lesions improved more rapidly in the JET combination therapy during the follow-up period. The median duration of hospital stay was 6 days in the JET combination therapy and 7 days in the conventional therapy (p < 0.0001). No significant adverse events and complications were found in both groups. The addition of JET to conventional therapy reduced fever clearance time, healing time of skin or oral mucosa lesions, and duration of hospital stay in children with uncomplicated HFMD.

In recent years, tropical cyclones on the Pacific Northwest have decreased. We cannot infer that tropical cyclones impact China have reduced, because the Pacific Northwest is not homogeneous, and the variation characteristics of tropical cyclones in different sea areas are not clear. This paper uses gray relational density clustering algorithm to cluster tropical cyclone data sets between 1949 and 2008, according to the generated position of tropical cyclones, generated density and the possibility of landing. The Pacific Northwest is divided into different sea areas. Then, we analyze the risk of tropical cyclones generated in these sea areas. The results show that the probability of tropical cyclones landing generated in some sea areas is very high, reached 74 %, but the probability of tropical cyclones landing generated in other sea areas is only 2 %. Tropical cyclones generated in some sea areas are more likely to develop into typhoons, strong typhoons and so on, but the intensity of tropical cyclones generated in other sea areas is lower, there is little risk for China. Finally, according to the climate change stage trends, we divide the period 1949–2008 into three stages and analyze the tropical cyclone risk of each sea areas.

In situ TiBw and La2O3 reinforced titanium matrix composites were successfully fusion welded by the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process and the weldability and feasibility for composites were studied, and uniform and defect free welds were produced with sound welding parameters. Microstructural observations showed that the joint has a distinctly identified weld zone characteristic. In addition, the distribution and size of TiBw in the weld became much more homogeneous and smaller. Moreover, the welded joints exhibited good mechanical properties at ambient temperature and the strength equal to the base metal at elevated temperature. The fracture mechanism of TiBw in the weld also was investigated.

To evaluate the hepatitis A vaccine coverage among 2-29 year olds and the reported incidence rates of hepatitis A, in China.Based on data from the national sero-survey on hepatitis B in 2014, information on hepatitis A vaccine immunization was collected and the coverage of hepatitis A vaccine was analyzed with SAS software (Version 9.4). Incidence data on hepatitis A was also collected from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System between 2004 and 2014, and analyzed using the micro-software Excel 2007.Totally, data involving 29 058 people aged 2-29 years were available for analysis and the overall hepatitis A vaccine coverage was 44.6%. The younger the age, the higher the coverage appeared. Among the 2-6 year and the 7-14 year olds, rates of hepatitis A vaccine coverage were 91.2% and 76.0% respectively. From 2004 to 2014, the incidence rates of hepatitis A in the whole population were declining, annually. The incidence rates showed continuously declining as 82.5%, 90.6%, 72.1% among children at the age groups of 2-6 years, 7-14 years and in the whole population, from 2007 to 2013.After the inclusion of hepatitis A vaccine into the Expanded Programe on Immunization (EPI), the coverage of hepatitis A vaccine among the 2-6 year olds increased to over 90%, with no obvious difference between the urban and rural areas. Incidence of hepatitis A in the 2-6 year olds showed a more rapid decline than that in the whole population.