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1. AI-NAOS: an AI-based nonspherical aerosol optical scheme for the chemical weather model GRAPES_Meso5.1/CUACE

Author: X. Wang, L. Bi, H. Wang, Y. Wang, W. Han, X. Shen, and X. Zhang
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: The Artificial-Intelligence-based Nonspherical Aerosol Optical Scheme (AI-NAOS) is a newly developed aerosol optical module that improves the representation of aerosol optical properties for radiative transfer simulations in atmospheric models. It incorporates the nonsphericity and inhomogeneity (NSIH) of internally mixed aerosol particles through a deep learning method. Specifically, the AI-NAOS considers black carbon (BC) to be fractal aggregates and models soil dust (SD) as super-spheroids, encapsulated partially or completely with hygroscopic aerosols such as sulfate, nitrate, and aerosol water. To obtain AI-NAOS, a database of the optical properties for the models was constructed using the invariant imbedding T-matrix method (IITM), and deep neural networks (DNN) were trained based on this database. In this study, the AI-NAOS was integrated into the mesoscale version 5.1 of Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System with Chinese Unified Atmospheric Chemistry Environment (GRAPES_Meso5.1/CUACE). Real-case simulations were conducted during a winter with high pollution, comparing BC aerosols evaluated using three schemes with spherical aerosol models (external-mixing, core-shell, and volume-mixing schemes) and the AI-NAOS scheme. The results showed that the NSIH effect led to a moderate estimation of absorbing aerosol optical depth (AAOD) and obvious changes in aerosol radiative effects, shortwave heating rates, temperature profiles, and boundary layer height. The AAOD values based on three spherical schemes were 70.4 %, 125.3 %, and 129.3 % over the Sichuan Basin, benchmarked to AI-NAOS results. Compared to the external-mixing scheme, the direct radiative effect (DRE) induced by the NSIH effect reached +1.6 W m−2 at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and −2.9 W m−2 at the surface. The NSIH effect could enhance the shortwave heating rate, reaching 23 %. Thus, the warming effect at 700 hPa and the cooling effect on the ground were strengthened by 21 % and 13 %, reaching +0.04 and −0.10 K, which led to a change in the height of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) by −11 m. In addition, the precipitation was inhibited by the NSIH effect, causing a 15 % further decrease. Therefore, the NSIH effects demonstrated their non-negligible impacts and highlighted the importance of incorporating them into chemical weather models.
Published: 2025
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2. Measurement of the B s 0 → J / ψK S 0 $$ {\textrm{B}}_{\textrm{s}}^0\to \textrm{J}/{\uppsi \textrm{K}}_{\textrm{S}}^0 $$ effective lifetime from proton-proton collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV

Author: The CMS collaboration, A. Hayrapetyan, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, J. W. Andrejkovic, T. Bergauer, S. Chatterjee, K. Damanakis, M. Dragicevic, P. S. Hussain, M. Jeitler, N. Krammer, A. Li, D. Liko, I. Mikulec, J. Schieck, R. Schöfbeck, D. Schwarz, M. Sonawane, W. Waltenberger, C.-E. Wulz, T. Janssen, T. Van Laer, P. Van Mechelen, N. Breugelmans, J. D’Hondt, S. Dansana, A. De Moor, M. Delcourt, F. Heyen, S. Lowette, I. Makarenko, D. Müller, S. Tavernier, M. Tytgat, G. P. Van Onsem, S. Van Putte, D. Vannerom, B. Bilin, B. Clerbaux, A. K. Das, G. De Lentdecker, H. Evard, L. Favart, P. Gianneios, J. Jaramillo, A. Khalilzadeh, F. A. Khan, K. Lee, M. Mahdavikhorrami, A. Malara, S. Paredes, M. A. Shahzad, L. Thomas, M. Vanden Bemden, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, M. De Coen, D. Dobur, G. Gokbulut, Y. Hong, J. Knolle, L. Lambrecht, D. Marckx, K. Mota Amarilo, A. Samalan, K. Skovpen, N. Van Den Bossche, J. van der Linden, L. Wezenbeek, A. Benecke, A. Bethani, G. Bruno, C. Caputo, J. De Favereau De Jeneret, C. Delaere, I. S. Donertas, A. Giammanco, A. O. Guzel, Sa. Jain, V. Lemaitre, J. Lidrych, P. Mastrapasqua, T. T. Tran, S. Wertz, G. A. Alves, M. Alves Gallo Pereira, E. Coelho, G. Correia Silva, C. Hensel, T. Menezes De Oliveira, C. Mora Herrera, A. Moraes, P. Rebello Teles, M. Soeiro, A. Vilela Pereira, W. L. Aldá Júnior, M. Barroso Ferreira Filho, H. Brandao Malbouisson, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato, E. M. Da Costa, G. G. Da Silveira, D. De Jesus Damiao, S. Fonseca De Souza, R. Gomes De Souza, M. Macedo, J. Martins, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, J. P. Pinheiro, A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, C. A. Bernardes, L. Calligaris, T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, E. M. Gregores, I. Maietto Silverio, P. G. Mercadante, S. F. Novaes, B. Orzari, Sandra S. Padula, A. Aleksandrov, G. Antchev, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, M. Misheva, M. Shopova, G. Sultanov, A. Dimitrov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, A. Petrov, E. Shumka, S. Keshri, D. Laroze, S. Thakur, T. Cheng, T. Javaid, L. Yuan, Z. Hu, Z. Liang, J. Liu, K. Yi, G. M. Chen, H. S. Chen, M. Chen, F. Iemmi, C. H. Jiang, A. Kapoor, H. Liao, Z.-A. Liu, R. Sharma, J. N. Song, J. Tao, C. Wang, J. Wang, Z. Wang, H. Zhang, J. Zhao, A. Agapitos, Y. Ban, S. Deng, B. Guo, C. Jiang, A. Levin, C. Li, Q. Li, Y. Mao, S. Qian, S. J. Qian, X. Qin, X. Sun, D. Wang, H. Yang, L. Zhang, Y. Zhao, C. Zhou, S. Yang, Z. You, K. Jaffel, N. Lu, G. Bauer, B. Li, J. Zhang, X. Gao, Y. Li, Z. Lin, C. Lu, M. Xiao, C. Avila, D. A. Barbosa Trujillo, A. Cabrera, C. Florez, J. Fraga, J. A. Reyes Vega, F. Ramirez, C. Rendón, M. Rodriguez, A. A. Ruales Barbosa, J. D. Ruiz Alvarez, D. Giljanovic, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, A. Sculac, M. Kovac, A. Petkovic, T. Sculac, P. Bargassa, V. Brigljevic, B. K. Chitroda, D. Ferencek, K. Jakovcic, A. Starodumov, T. Susa, A. Attikis, K. Christoforou, A. Hadjiagapiou, C. Leonidou, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, L. Paizanos, F. Ptochos, P. A. Razis, H. Rykaczewski, H. Saka, A. Stepennov, M. Finger, A. Kveton, E. Carrera Jarrin, A. A. Abdelalim, S. Elgammal, A. Ellithi Kamel, A. Lotfy, M. A. Mahmoud, K. Ehataht, M. Kadastik, T. Lange, S. Nandan, C. Nielsen, J. Pata, M. Raidal, L. Tani, C. Veelken, H. Kirschenmann, K. Osterberg, M. Voutilainen, S. Bharthuar, N. Bin Norjoharuddeen, E. Brücken, F. Garcia, P. Inkaew, K. T. S. Kallonen, T. Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, L. Martikainen, M. Myllymäki, M. m. Rantanen, H. Siikonen, J. Tuominiemi, P. Luukka, H. Petrow, M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J. L. Faure, F. Ferri, S. Ganjour, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, M. Kumar, V. Lohezic, J. Malcles, F. Orlandi, L. Portales, A. Rosowsky, M. Ö. Sahin, A. Savoy-Navarro, P. Simkina, M. Titov, M. Tornago, F. Beaudette, G. Boldrini, P. Busson, A. Cappati, C. Charlot, M. Chiusi, F. Damas, O. Davignon, A. De Wit, I. T. Ehle, B. A. Fontana Santos Alves, S. Ghosh, A. Gilbert, R. Granier de Cassagnac, A. Hakimi, B. Harikrishnan, L. Kalipoliti, G. Liu, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, R. Salerno, J. B. Sauvan, Y. Sirois, L. Urda Gómez, E. Vernazza, A. Zabi, A. Zghiche, J.-L. Agram, J. Andrea, D. Apparu, D. Bloch, J.-M. Brom, E. C. Chabert, C. Collard, S. Falke, U. Goerlach, R. Haeberle, A.-C. Le Bihan, M. Meena, O. Poncet, G. Saha, M. A. Sessini, P. Van Hove, P. Vaucelle, A. Di Florio, D. Amram, S. Beauceron, B. Blancon, G. Boudoul, N. Chanon, D. Contardo, P. Depasse, C. Dozen, H. El Mamouni, J. Fay, S. Gascon, M. Gouzevitch, C. Greenberg, G. Grenier, B. Ille, E. Jourd‘huy, I. B. Laktineh, M. Lethuillier, L. Mirabito, S. Perries, A. Purohit, M. Vander Donckt, P. Verdier, J. Xiao, D. Chokheli, I. Lomidze, Z. Tsamalaidze, V. Botta, S. Consuegra Rodríguez, L. Feld, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, D. Meuser, A. Pauls, D. Pérez Adán, N. Röwert, M. Teroerde, S. Diekmann, A. Dodonova, N. Eich, D. Eliseev, F. Engelke, J. Erdmann, M. Erdmann, P. Fackeldey, B. Fischer, T. Hebbeker, K. Hoepfner, F. Ivone, A. Jung, M. y. Lee, F. Mausolf, M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer, S. Mukherjee, D. Noll, F. Nowotny, A. Pozdnyakov, Y. Rath, W. Redjeb, F. Rehm, H. Reithler, V. Sarkisovi, A. Schmidt, C. Seth, A. Sharma, J. L. Spah, A. Stein, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, S. Wiedenbeck, S. Zaleski, C. Dziwok, G. Flügge, T. Kress, A. Nowack, O. Pooth, A. Stahl, T. Ziemons, A. Zotz, H. Aarup Petersen, M. Aldaya Martin, J. Alimena, S. Amoroso, Y. An, J. Bach, S. Baxter, M. Bayatmakou, H. Becerril Gonzalez, O. Behnke, A. Belvedere, F. Blekman, K. Borras, A. Campbell, A. Cardini, C. Cheng, F. Colombina, G. Eckerlin, D. Eckstein, L. I. Estevez Banos, O. Filatov, E. Gallo, A. Geiser, V. Guglielmi, M. Guthoff, A. Hinzmann, L. Jeppe, B. Kaech, M. Kasemann, C. Kleinwort, R. Kogler, M. Komm, D. Krücker, W. Lange, D. Leyva Pernia, K. Lipka, W. Lohmann, F. Lorkowski, R. Mankel, I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann, M. Mendizabal Morentin, A. B. Meyer, G. Milella, K. Moral Figueroa, A. Mussgiller, L. P. Nair, J. Niedziela, A. Nürnberg, Y. Otarid, J. Park, E. Ranken, A. Raspereza, D. Rastorguev, J. Rübenach, L. Rygaard, A. Saggio, M. Scham, S. Schnake, P. Schütze, C. Schwanenberger, D. Selivanova, K. Sharko, M. Shchedrolosiev, D. Stafford, F. Vazzoler, A. Ventura Barroso, R. Walsh, Q. Wang, Y. Wen, K. Wichmann, L. Wiens, C. Wissing, Y. Yang, A. Zimermmane Castro Santos, A. Albrecht, S. Albrecht, M. Antonello, S. Bein, L. Benato, S. Bollweg, M. Bonanomi, P. Connor, K. El Morabit, Y. Fischer, E. Garutti, A. Grohsjean, J. Haller, H. R. Jabusch, G. Kasieczka, P. Keicher, R. Klanner, W. Korcari, T. Kramer, C. c. Kuo, V. Kutzner, F. Labe, J. Lange, A. Lobanov, C. Matthies, L. Moureaux, M. Mrowietz, A. Nigamova, Y. Nissan, A. Paasch, K. J. Pena Rodriguez, T. Quadfasel, B. Raciti, M. Rieger, D. Savoiu, J. Schindler, P. Schleper, M. Schröder, J. Schwandt, M. Sommerhalder, H. Stadie, G. Steinbrück, A. Tews, M. Wolf, S. Brommer, M. Burkart, E. Butz, T. Chwalek, A. Dierlamm, A. Droll, U. Elicabuk, N. Faltermann, M. Giffels, A. Gottmann, F. Hartmann, R. Hofsaess, M. Horzela, U. Husemann, J. Kieseler, M. Klute, R. Koppenhöfer, J. M. Lawhorn, M. Link, A. Lintuluoto, S. Maier, S. Mitra, M. Mormile, Th. Müller, M. Neukum, M. Oh, E. Pfeffer, M. Presilla, G. Quast, K. Rabbertz, B. Regnery, N. Shadskiy, I. Shvetsov, H. J. Simonis, L. Sowa, L. Stockmeier, K. Tauqeer, M. Toms, N. Trevisani, R. F. Von Cube, M. Wassmer, S. Wieland, F. Wittig, R. Wolf, X. Zuo, G. Anagnostou, G. Daskalakis, A. Kyriakis, A. Papadopoulos, A. Stakia, P. Kontaxakis, G. Melachroinos, Z. Painesis, I. Papavergou, I. Paraskevas, N. Saoulidou, K. Theofilatos, E. Tziaferi, K. Vellidis, I. Zisopoulos, G. Bakas, T. Chatzistavrou, G. Karapostoli, K. Kousouris, I. Papakrivopoulos, E. Siamarkou, G. Tsipolitis, A. Zacharopoulou, K. Adamidis, I. Bestintzanos, I. Evangelou, C. Foudas, C. Kamtsikis, P. Katsoulis, P. Kokkas, P. G. Kosmoglou Kioseoglou, N. Manthos, I. Papadopoulos, J. Strologas, C. Hajdu, D. Horvath, K. Márton, A. J. Rádl, F. Sikler, V. Veszpremi, M. Csanád, K. Farkas, A. Fehérkuti, M. M. A. Gadallah, Á. Kadlecsik, P. Major, G. Pásztor, G. I. Veres, B. Ujvari, G. Zilizi, G. Bencze, S. Czellar, J. Molnar, Z. Szillasi, F. Nemes, T. Novak, S. Bansal, S. B. Beri, V. Bhatnagar, G. Chaudhary, S. Chauhan, N. Dhingra, A. Kaur, H. Kaur, M. Kaur, S. Kumar, K. Sandeep, T. Sheokand, J. B. Singh, A. Singla, A. Ahmed, A. Bhardwaj, A. Chhetri, B. C. Choudhary, A. Kumar, M. Naimuddin, K. Ranjan, M. K. Saini, S. Saumya, S. Baradia, S. Barman, S. Bhattacharya, S. Das Gupta, S. Dutta, S. Sarkar, M. M. Ameen, P. K. Behera, S. C. Behera, G. Dash, P. Jana, P. Kalbhor, S. Kamble, J. R. Komaragiri, D. Kumar, P. R. Pujahari, N. R. Saha, A. K. Sikdar, R. K. Singh, P. Verma, S. Verma, A. Vijay, S. Dugad, G. B. Mohanty, B. Parida, M. Shelake, P. Suryadevara, A. Bala, S. Banerjee, R. M. Chatterjee, M. Guchait, Sh. Jain, A. Jaiswal, G. Majumder, K. Mazumdar, S. Parolia, A. Thachayath, S. Bahinipati, C. Kar, D. Maity, P. Mal, T. Mishra, V. K. Muraleedharan Nair Bindhu, K. Naskar, A. Nayak, S. Nayak, K. Pal, P. Sadangi, S. K. Swain, S. Varghese, D. Vats, S. Acharya, A. Alpana, S. Dube, B. Gomber, P. Hazarika, B. Kansal, A. Laha, B. Sahu, S. Sharma, K. Y. Vaish, H. Bakhshiansohi, A. Jafari, M. Zeinali, S. Bashiri, S. Chenarani, S. M. Etesami, Y. Hosseini, M. Khakzad, E. Khazaie, M. Mohammadi Najafabadi, S. Tizchang, M. Felcini, M. Grunewald, M. Abbrescia, A. Colaleo, D. Creanza, B. D’Anzi, N. De Filippis, M. De Palma, W. Elmetenawee, L. Fiore, G. Iaselli, L. Longo, M. Louka, G. Maggi, M. Maggi, I. Margjeka, V. Mastrapasqua, S. My, S. Nuzzo, A. Pellecchia, A. Pompili, G. Pugliese, R. Radogna, D. Ramos, A. Ranieri, L. Silvestris, F. M. Simone, Ü. Sözbilir, A. Stamerra, D. Troiano, R. Venditti, P. Verwilligen, A. Zaza, G. Abbiendi, C. Battilana, D. Bonacorsi, P. Capiluppi, A. Castro, F. R. Cavallo, M. Cuffiani, G. M. Dallavalle, T. Diotalevi, F. Fabbri, A. Fanfani, D. Fasanella, P. Giacomelli, L. Giommi, C. Grandi, L. Guiducci, S. Lo Meo, M. Lorusso, L. Lunerti, S. Marcellini, G. Masetti, F. L. Navarria, G. Paggi, A. Perrotta, F. Primavera, A. M. Rossi, S. Rossi Tisbeni, T. Rovelli, G. P. Siroli, S. Costa, A. Di Mattia, A. Lapertosa, R. Potenza, A. Tricomi, C. Tuve, P. Assiouras, G. Barbagli, G. Bardelli, B. Camaiani, A. Cassese, R. Ceccarelli, V. Ciulli, C. Civinini, R. D’Alessandro, E. Focardi, T. Kello, G. Latino, P. Lenzi, M. Lizzo, M. Meschini, S. Paoletti, A. Papanastassiou, G. Sguazzoni, L. Viliani, L. Benussi, S. Bianco, S. Meola, D. Piccolo, P. Chatagnon, F. Ferro, E. Robutti, S. Tosi, A. Benaglia, F. Brivio, F. Cetorelli, F. De Guio, M. E. Dinardo, P. Dini, S. Gennai, R. Gerosa, A. Ghezzi, P. Govoni, L. Guzzi, M. T. Lucchini, M. Malberti, S. Malvezzi, A. Massironi, D. Menasce, L. Moroni, M. Paganoni, S. Palluotto, D. Pedrini, A. Perego, B. S. Pinolini, G. Pizzati, S. Ragazzi, T. Tabarelli de Fatis, S. Buontempo, A. Cagnotta, F. Carnevali, N. Cavallo, F. Fabozzi, A. O. M. Iorio, L. Lista, P. Paolucci, B. Rossi, R. Ardino, P. Azzi, N. Bacchetta, P. Bortignon, G. Bortolato, A. Bragagnolo, A. C. M. Bulla, R. Carlin, P. Checchia, T. Dorigo, F. Gasparini, U. Gasparini, S. Giorgetti, E. Lusiani, M. Margoni, A. T. Meneguzzo, M. Migliorini, J. Pazzini, P. Ronchese, R. Rossin, M. Sgaravatto, F. Simonetto, M. Tosi, A. Triossi, S. Ventura, M. Zanetti, P. Zotto, A. Zucchetta, G. Zumerle, C. Aimè, A. Braghieri, S. Calzaferri, D. Fiorina, P. Montagna, V. Re, C. Riccardi, P. Salvini, I. Vai, P. Vitulo, S. Ajmal, M. E. Ascioti, G. M. Bilei, C. Carrivale, D. Ciangottini, L. Fanò, M. Magherini, V. Mariani, M. Menichelli, F. Moscatelli, A. Rossi, A. Santocchia, D. Spiga, T. Tedeschi, C. A. Alexe, P. Asenov, P. Azzurri, G. Bagliesi, R. Bhattacharya, L. Bianchini, T. Boccali, E. Bossini, D. Bruschini, R. Castaldi, M. A. Ciocci, M. Cipriani, V. D’Amante, R. Dell’Orso, S. Donato, A. Giassi, F. Ligabue, A. C. Marini, D. Matos Figueiredo, A. Messineo, S. Mishra, M. Musich, F. Palla, A. Rizzi, G. Rolandi, S. Roy Chowdhury, T. Sarkar, A. Scribano, P. Spagnolo, R. Tenchini, G. Tonelli, N. Turini, F. Vaselli, A. Venturi, P. G. Verdini, C. Baldenegro Barrera, P. Barria, C. Basile, F. Cavallari, L. Cunqueiro Mendez, D. Del Re, E. Di Marco, M. Diemoz, F. Errico, E. Longo, J. Mijuskovic, G. Organtini, F. Pandolfi, R. Paramatti, C. Quaranta, S. Rahatlou, C. Rovelli, F. Santanastasio, L. Soffi, N. Amapane, R. Arcidiacono, S. Argiro, M. Arneodo, N. Bartosik, R. Bellan, A. Bellora, C. Biino, C. Borca, N. Cartiglia, M. Costa, R. Covarelli, N. Demaria, L. Finco, M. Grippo, B. Kiani, F. Legger, F. Luongo, C. Mariotti, L. Markovic, S. Maselli, A. Mecca, L. Menzio, P. Meridiani, E. Migliore, M. Monteno, R. Mulargia, M. M. Obertino, G. Ortona, L. Pacher, N. Pastrone, M. Pelliccioni, M. Ruspa, F. Siviero, V. Sola, A. Solano, A. Staiano, C. Tarricone, D. Trocino, G. Umoret, R. White, J. Babbar, S. Belforte, V. Candelise, M. Casarsa, F. Cossutti, K. De Leo, G. Della Ricca, S. Dogra, J. Hong, B. Kim, J. Kim, D. Lee, H. Lee, S. W. Lee, C. S. Moon, Y. D. Oh, M. S. Ryu, S. Sekmen, B. Tae, Y. C. Yang, M. S. Kim, G. Bak, P. Gwak, H. Kim, D. H. Moon, E. Asilar, J. Choi, D. Kim, T. J. Kim, J. A. Merlin, Y. Ryou, S. Choi, S. Han, B. Hong, K. S. Lee, S. Lee, J. Yoo, J. Goh, H. S. Kim, Y. Kim, J. Almond, J. H. Bhyun, W. Jun, S. Ko, H. Kwon, J. Lee, B. H. Oh, S. B. Oh, H. Seo, U. K. Yang, I. Yoon, W. Jang, D. Y. Kang, Y. Kang, S. Kim, B. Ko, J. S. H. Lee, Y. Lee, I. C. Park, Y. Roh, I. J. Watson, S. Ha, H. D. Yoo, M. Choi, M. R. Kim, I. Yu, T. Beyrouthy, F. Alazemi, K. Dreimanis, A. Gaile, C. Munoz Diaz, D. Osite, G. Pikurs, A. Potrebko, M. Seidel, D. Sidiropoulos Kontos, N. R. Strautnieks, M. Ambrozas, A. Juodagalvis, A. Rinkevicius, G. Tamulaitis, I. Yusuff, Z. Zolkapli, J. F. Benitez, A. Castaneda Hernandez, H. A. Encinas Acosta, L. G. Gallegos Maríñez, M. León Coello, J. A. Murillo Quijada, A. Sehrawat, L. Valencia Palomo, G. Ayala, H. Castilla-Valdez, H. Crotte Ledesma, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, I. Heredia-De La Cruz, R. Lopez-Fernandez, J. Mejia Guisao, C. A. Mondragon Herrera, A. Sánchez Hernández, C. Oropeza Barrera, D. L. Ramirez Guadarrama, M. Ramírez García, I. Bautista, I. Pedraza, H. A. Salazar Ibarguen, C. Uribe Estrada, I. Bubanja, N. Raicevic, P. H. Butler, A. Ahmad, M. I. Asghar, A. Awais, M. I. M. Awan, H. R. Hoorani, W. A. Khan, V. Avati, L. Grzanka, M. Malawski, H. Bialkowska, M. Bluj, M. Górski, M. Kazana, M. Szleper, P. Zalewski, K. Bunkowski, K. Doroba, A. Kalinowski, M. Konecki, J. Krolikowski, A. Muhammad, K. Pozniak, W. Zabolotny, M. Araujo, D. Bastos, C. Beirão Da Cruz E Silva, A. Boletti, M. Bozzo, T. Camporesi, G. Da Molin, P. Faccioli, M. Gallinaro, J. Hollar, N. Leonardo, G. B. Marozzo, T. Niknejad, A. Petrilli, M. Pisano, J. Seixas, J. Varela, J. W. Wulff, P. Adzic, P. Milenovic, D. Devetak, M. Dordevic, J. Milosevic, V. Rekovic, J. Alcaraz Maestre, Cristina F. Bedoya, J. A. Brochero Cifuentes, Oliver M. Carretero, M. Cepeda, M. Cerrada, N. Colino, B. De La Cruz, A. Delgado Peris, A. 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Venkatasubramanian, X. Yan, S. Abbott, C. Brainerd, R. Breedon, H. Cai, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M. Chertok, M. Citron, J. Conway, P. T. Cox, R. Erbacher, F. Jensen, O. Kukral, G. Mocellin, M. Mulhearn, S. Ostrom, W. Wei, S. Yoo, F. Zhang, M. Bachtis, R. Cousins, A. Datta, G. Flores Avila, J. Hauser, M. Ignatenko, M. A. Iqbal, T. Lam, E. Manca, A. Nunez Del Prado, D. Saltzberg, V. Valuev, R. Clare, J. W. Gary, M. Gordon, G. Hanson, W. Si, A. Aportela, A. Arora, J. G. Branson, S. Cittolin, S. Cooperstein, D. Diaz, J. Duarte, L. Giannini, Y. Gu, J. Guiang, R. Kansal, V. Krutelyov, R. Lee, J. Letts, M. Masciovecchio, F. Mokhtar, M. Pieri, M. Quinnan, B. V. Sathia Narayanan, V. Sharma, M. Tadel, E. Vourliotis, F. Würthwein, Y. Xiang, A. Yagil, A. Barzdukas, L. Brennan, C. Campagnari, K. Downham, C. Grieco, J. Incandela, A. J. Li, P. Masterson, H. Mei, J. Richman, S. N. Santpur, U. Sarica, R. Schmitz, F. Setti, J. Sheplock, D. Stuart, T. Á. Vámi, S. Wang, D. Zhang, A. Bornheim, O. 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Prova, M. Wulansatiti, R. Yohay, B. Alsufyani, M. M. Baarmand, S. Butalla, S. Das, T. Elkafrawy, M. Hohlmann, E. Yanes, M. R. Adams, A. Baty, C. Bennett, R. Cavanaugh, R. Escobar Franco, O. Evdokimov, C. E. Gerber, M. Hawksworth, A. Hingrajiya, D. J. Hofman, J. h. Lee, D. S. Lemos, A. H. Merrit, C. Mills, S. Nanda, G. Oh, B. Ozek, D. Pilipovic, R. Pradhan, E. Prifti, T. Roy, S. Rudrabhatla, M. B. Tonjes, N. Varelas, M. A. Wadud, Z. Ye, M. Alhusseini, D. Blend, K. Dilsiz, L. Emediato, G. Karaman, O. K. Köseyan, J.-P. Merlo, A. Mestvirishvili, O. Neogi, H. Ogul, Y. Onel, A. Penzo, C. Snyder, E. Tiras, B. Blumenfeld, L. Corcodilos, J. Davis, A. V. Gritsan, L. Kang, S. Kyriacou, P. Maksimovic, M. Roguljic, J. Roskes, S. Sekhar, M. Swartz, A. Abreu, L. F. Alcerro Alcerro, J. Anguiano, S. Arteaga Escatel, P. Baringer, A. Bean, Z. Flowers, D. Grove, J. King, G. Krintiras, M. Lazarovits, C. Le Mahieu, J. Marquez, M. Murray, M. Nickel, M. Pitt, S. Popescu, C. Rogan, C. Royon, R. Salvatico, S. Sanders, C. Smith, G. Wilson, B. Allmond, R. Gujju Gurunadha, A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, Y. Maravin, J. Natoli, D. Roy, G. Sorrentino, A. Baden, A. Belloni, J. Bistany-riebman, Y. M. Chen, S. C. Eno, N. J. Hadley, S. Jabeen, R. G. Kellogg, T. Koeth, B. Kronheim, Y. Lai, S. Lascio, A. C. Mignerey, S. Nabili, C. Palmer, C. Papageorgakis, M. M. Paranjpe, E. Popova, A. Shevelev, L. Wang, J. Bendavid, I. A. Cali, P. c. Chou, M. D’Alfonso, J. Eysermans, C. Freer, G. Gomez-Ceballos, M. Goncharov, G. Grosso, P. Harris, D. Hoang, D. Kovalskyi, J. Krupa, L. Lavezzo, Y.-J. Lee, K. Long, C. Mcginn, A. Novak, C. Paus, C. Reissel, C. Roland, G. Roland, S. Rothman, G. S. F. Stephans, B. Wyslouch, T. J. Yang, B. Crossman, B. M. Joshi, C. Kapsiak, M. Krohn, D. Mahon, J. Mans, B. Marzocchi, M. Revering, R. Rusack, R. Saradhy, N. Strobbe, K. Bloom, D. R. Claes, G. Haza, J. Hossain, C. Joo, I. Kravchenko, J. E. Siado, W. Tabb, A. Vagnerini, A. Wightman, F. Yan, D. Yu, H. Bandyopadhyay, L. Hay, H. w. Hsia, I. Iashvili, A. Kalogeropoulos, A. Kharchilava, M. Morris, D. Nguyen, J. Pekkanen, S. Rappoccio, H. Rejeb Sfar, A. Williams, P. Young, G. Alverson, E. Barberis, J. Bonilla, M. Campana, J. Dervan, Y. Haddad, Y. Han, A. Krishna, J. Li, M. Lu, G. Madigan, R. Mccarthy, D. M. Morse, V. Nguyen, T. Orimoto, A. Parker, L. Skinnari, D. Wood, J. Bueghly, S. Dittmer, K. A. Hahn, Y. Liu, Y. Miao, D. G. Monk, M. H. Schmitt, A. Taliercio, M. Velasco, G. Agarwal, R. Band, R. Bucci, S. Castells, A. Das, R. Goldouzian, M. Hildreth, K. W. Ho, K. Hurtado Anampa, T. Ivanov, C. Jessop, K. Lannon, J. Lawrence, N. Loukas, L. Lutton, J. Mariano, N. Marinelli, I. Mcalister, T. McCauley, C. Mcgrady, C. Moore, Y. Musienko, H. Nelson, M. Osherson, A. Piccinelli, R. Ruchti, A. Townsend, Y. Wan, M. Wayne, H. Yockey, M. Zarucki, L. Zygala, A. Basnet, B. Bylsma, M. Carrigan, L. S. Durkin, C. Hill, M. Joyce, M. Nunez Ornelas, K. Wei, B. L. Winer, B. R. Yates, H. Bouchamaoui, P. Das, G. Dezoort, P. Elmer, A. Frankenthal, B. Greenberg, N. Haubrich, K. Kennedy, G. Kopp, S. Kwan, D. Lange, A. Loeliger, D. Marlow, I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, D. Stickland, C. Tully, S. Malik, A. S. Bakshi, S. Chandra, R. Chawla, A. Gu, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A. W. Jung, A. M. Koshy, M. Liu, G. Negro, N. Neumeister, G. Paspalaki, S. Piperov, V. Scheurer, J. F. Schulte, M. Stojanovic, J. Thieman, A. K. Virdi, F. Wang, A. Wildridge, W. Xie, Y. Yao, J. Dolen, N. Parashar, A. Pathak, D. Acosta, T. Carnahan, K. M. Ecklund, P. J. Fernández Manteca, S. Freed, P. Gardner, F. J. M. Geurts, I. Krommydas, W. Li, J. Lin, O. Miguel Colin, B. P. Padley, R. Redjimi, J. Rotter, E. Yigitbasi, Y. Zhang, A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, J. L. Dulemba, A. Garcia-Bellido, O. Hindrichs, A. Khukhunaishvili, N. Parmar, P. Parygin, R. Taus, B. Chiarito, J. P. Chou, S. V. Clark, D. Gadkari, Y. Gershtein, E. Halkiadakis, M. Heindl, C. Houghton, D. Jaroslawski, S. Konstantinou, I. Laflotte, A. Lath, R. Montalvo, K. Nash, J. Reichert, H. Routray, P. Saha, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S. A. Thayil, S. Thomas, J. Vora, H. Wang, D. Ally, A. G. Delannoy, S. Fiorendi, S. Higginbotham, T. Holmes, A. R. Kanuganti, N. Karunarathna, L. Lee, E. Nibigira, S. Spanier, D. Aebi, M. Ahmad, T. Akhter, O. Bouhali, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon, S. Luo, R. Mueller, D. Overton, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov, N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, N. Gogate, V. Hegde, A. Hussain, Y. Kazhykarim, K. Lamichhane, A. Mankel, T. Peltola, I. Volobouev, E. Appelt, Y. Chen, S. Greene, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, A. Melo, F. Romeo, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, J. Viinikainen, B. Cardwell, H. Chung, B. Cox, J. Hakala, R. Hirosky, A. Ledovskoy, C. Neu, P. E. Karchin, A. Aravind, K. Black, T. Bose, S. Dasu, I. De Bruyn, P. Everaerts, C. Galloni, H. He, M. Herndon, A. Herve, C. K. Koraka, A. Lanaro, R. Loveless, J. Madhusudanan Sreekala, A. Mallampalli, A. Mohammadi, G. Parida, L. Pétré, D. Pinna, A. Savin, V. Shang, W. H. Smith, D. Teague, H. F. Tsoi, W. Vetens, A. Warden, S. Afanasiev, V. Alexakhin, D. Budkouski, I. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, V. Karjavine, V. Korenkov, A. Lanev, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev, V. Palichik, V. Perelygin, M. Savina, V. Shalaev, S. Shmatov, S. Shulha, V. Smirnov, O. Teryaev, N. Voytishin, B. S. Yuldashev, A. Zarubin, I. Zhizhin, G. Gavrilov, V. Golovtcov, Y. Ivanov, V. Kim, P. Levchenko, V. Murzin, V. Oreshkin, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, L. Uvarov, A. Vorobyev, Yu. Andreev, A. Dermenev, S. Gninenko, N. Golubev, A. Karneyeu, D. Kirpichnikov, M. Kirsanov, N. Krasnikov, I. Tlisova, A. Toropin, T. Aushev, V. Gavrilov, N. Lychkovskaya, A. Nikitenko, V. Popov, A. Zhokin, R. Chistov, M. Danilov, S. Polikarpov, V. Andreev, M. Azarkin, M. Kirakosyan, A. Terkulov, E. Boos, V. Bunichev, M. Dubinin, L. Dudko, A. Ershov, A. Gribushin, V. Klyukhin, O. Kodolova, S. Obraztsov, S. Petrushanko, V. Savrin, A. Snigirev, V. Blinov, T. Dimova, A. Kozyrev, O. Radchenko, Y. Skovpen, V. Kachanov, D. Konstantinov, S. Slabospitskii, A. Uzunian, A. Babaev, V. Borshch, D. Druzhkin, V. Chekhovsky, and V. Makarenko
Subjects: B Physics, Hadron-Hadron Scattering, Lifetime, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The effective lifetime of the B s 0 $$ {\textrm{B}}_{\textrm{s}}^0 $$ meson in the decay B s 0 → J / ψK S 0 $$ {\textrm{B}}_{\textrm{s}}^0\to \textrm{J}/{\uppsi \textrm{K}}_{\textrm{S}}^0 $$ is measured using data collected during 2016–2018 with the CMS detector in s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb −1. The effective lifetime is determined by performing a two-dimensional unbinned maximum likelihood fit to the B s 0 $$ {\textrm{B}}_{\textrm{s}}^0 $$ meson invariant mass and proper decay time distributions. The resulting value of 1.59 ± 0.07(stat) ± 0.03(syst) ps is the most precise measurement to date and is in good agreement with the expected value.
Published: 2024
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3. Acquiring Semantic Information of Precast Concrete Pipe Using Geometric Feature Extraction from Mobile Laser Scanning Point Cloud

Author: K. N. R. Putri, X. Shen, M. Aleksandrov, K. Barati, and J. Linke
Subjects: Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract: In a construction project, the need to conduct effective and efficient material management is urgent since it takes up to 60% of the project budget. Most of the material tracking uses tag-based technology by attaching RFID, GPS, or UWB to the materials. This method is found to be effective in tracking the material in construction projects. However, there is still a manual job of putting the tag into each of the materials and problems related to the signal quality and infrastructure requirements. As an alternative way to do material tracking, point cloud processing can be used. This paper aims to develop an efficient approach to accurately detect concrete pipe precast material, calculate its numbers, and produce valuable data for material inventory management. The data was taken by a mobile laser scanner of a site-specific infrastructure project in Sydney. The resulting data was sparse and occluded because it was taken only from one side to replicate the actual scanning process in a construction project. The automated process has been conducted by matching the material based on its geometric feature of the 3D material model. The proposed approach can provide some spatial information such as location (x, y, z global coordinate), orientation of each material, and the number of materials. The result can detect up to 78.5% of the material. The difference between actual and predicted global coordinates is 0.75m which is acceptable for material location in a large infrastructure project. This data can be reconstructed in a 3D detail of the site project in the Building Information Modeling (BIM) platform in its actual location. The implementation of this method serves as an initial stage toward achieving synchronization between the physical construction and its corresponding digital twin in the field of construction.
Published: 2024
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4. Aerosol composition, air quality, and boundary layer dynamics in the urban background of Stuttgart in winter

Author: H. Zhang, W. Huang, X. Shen, R. Ramisetty, J. Song, O. Kiseleva, C. C. Holst, B. Khan, T. Leisner, and H. Saathoff
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Aerosol distributions are of great relevance for air quality, especially for cities like Stuttgart, which has limited air exchange due to its location in a basin. We collected a comprehensive set of data from remote sensing and in situ methods including radiosondes for the urban background of downtown Stuttgart to determine the impact of boundary layer mixing processes on local air quality and to evaluate the simulation results of the high-resolution large eddy simulation (LES) model PALM-4U at 10 m grid spacing. Stagnant meteorological conditions caused accumulation of aerosols, and chemical composition analysis shows that ammonium nitrate (37 ± 9 %) and organic aerosol (OA; 34 ± 9 %) dominated during this winter study. Case studies show that clouds during previous nights can weaken temperature inversion and accelerate boundary layer mixing after sunrise by up to 3 h. This is important for ground-level aerosol dilution during the morning rush hour. Furthermore, our observations validate results of the LES model PALM-4U in terms of boundary layer heights and aerosol mixing for 48 h. The simulated aerosol concentrations follow the trend of our observations but are still underestimated by a factor of 4.5 ± 2.1 due to missing secondary aerosol formation processes and uncertainties of emissions and boundary conditions in the model. This paper firstly evaluates the PALM-4U model performance in simulating aerosol spatio-temporal distributions, which can help to improve the LES model and to better understand sources and sinks for air pollution as well as the role of horizontal and vertical transport.
Published: 2024
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5. Measurement report: The Fifth International Workshop on Ice Nucleation phase 1 (FIN-01): intercomparison of single-particle mass spectrometers

Author: X. Shen, D. M. Bell, H. Coe, N. Hiranuma, F. Mahrt, N. A. Marsden, C. Mohr, D. M. Murphy, H. Saathoff, J. Schneider, J. Wilson, M. A. Zawadowicz, A. Zelenyuk, P. J. DeMott, O. Möhler, and D. J. Cziczo
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Knowledge of the chemical composition and mixing state of aerosols at a single-particle level is critical for gaining insights into atmospheric processes. One common tool to make these measurements is single-particle mass spectrometry. There remains a need to compare the performance of different single-particle mass spectrometers (SPMSs). An intercomparison of SPMSs was conducted at the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere (AIDA) chamber at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in November 2014, as part of the first phase of the Fifth International Workshop on Ice Nucleation (FIN-01). In this paper we compare size distributions and mass spectra of atmospherically relevant particle types measured by five SPMSs. These include different minerals, desert and soil dusts, soot, bioaerosol (Snomax; protein granule), secondary organic aerosol (SOA), and SOA-coated mineral particles. Most SPMSs reported similar vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) within typical instrumental ranges from ∼100–200 nm (lower limit) to ∼2–3 µm (upper limit). In general, all SPMSs exhibited a wide dynamic range (up to ∼103) and high signal-to-noise ratio (up to ∼104) in mass spectra. Common spectral features with small diversities in mass spectra were found with high average Pearson's correlation coefficients, i.e., for average positive spectra ravg-pos=0.74 ± 0.12 and average negative spectra ravg-neg=0.67 ± 0.22. We found that instrument-specific detection efficiency (DE) was more dependent on particle size than particle type, and particle identification favored the use of bipolar, rather than monopolar, instruments. Particle classification from “blind experiments” showed that all instruments differentiated SOA, soot, and soil dust and detected subtle changes in the particle internal mixing but had difficulties differentiating among specific mineral types and dusts. This study helps to further understand the capabilities and limitations of the single-particle mass spectrometry technique in general and the specific performance of the instrument in characterizing atmospheric aerosol particles.
Published: 2024
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6. Improving fire severity prediction in south-eastern Australia using vegetation-specific information

Author: K. He, X. Shen, C. Merow, E. Nikolopoulos, R. V. Gallagher, F. Yang, and E. N. Anagnostou
Subjects: Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Wildfire is a critical ecological disturbance in terrestrial ecosystems. Australia, in particular, has experienced increasingly large and severe wildfires over the past 2 decades, while globally fire risk is expected to increase significantly due to projected increases in extreme weather and drought conditions. Therefore, understanding and predicting fire severity is critical for evaluating current and future impacts of wildfires on ecosystems. Here, we first introduce a vegetation-type-specific fire severity classification applied to satellite imagery, which is further used to predict fire severity during the fire season (November to March) using antecedent drought conditions, fire weather (i.e. wind speed, air temperature, and atmospheric humidity), and topography. Compared to fire severity maps from the fire extent and severity mapping (FESM) dataset, we find that fire severity prediction results using the vegetation-type-specific thresholds show good performance in extreme- and high-severity classification, with accuracies of 0.64 and 0.76, respectively. Based on a “leave-one-out” cross-validation experiment, we demonstrate high accuracy for both the fire severity classification and the regression using a suite of performance metrics: the determination coefficient (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), and root-mean-square error (RMSE), which are 0.89, 0.05, and 0.07, respectively. Our results also show that the fire severity prediction results using the vegetation-type-specific thresholds could better capture the spatial patterns of fire severity and have the potential to be applicable for seasonal fire severity forecasts due to the availability of seasonal forecasts of the predictor variables.
Published: 2024
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7. Search for a resonance decaying to a W boson and a photon in proton-proton collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV using leptonic W boson decays

Author: The CMS collaboration, A. Hayrapetyan, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, J. W. Andrejkovic, T. Bergauer, S. Chatterjee, K. Damanakis, M. Dragicevic, P. S. Hussain, M. Jeitler, N. Krammer, A. Li, D. Liko, I. Mikulec, J. Schieck, R. Schöfbeck, D. Schwarz, M. Sonawane, S. Templ, W. Waltenberger, C.-E. Wulz, T. Janssen, T. Van Laer, P. Van Mechelen, N. Breugelmans, J. D’Hondt, S. Dansana, A. De Moor, M. Delcourt, F. Heyen, S. Lowette, I. Makarenko, D. Müller, S. Tavernier, M. Tytgat, G. P. Van Onsem, S. Van Putte, D. Vannerom, B. Bilin, B. Clerbaux, A. K. Das, G. De Lentdecker, H. Evard, L. Favart, P. Gianneios, J. Jaramillo, A. Khalilzadeh, F. A. Khan, K. Lee, M. Mahdavikhorrami, A. Malara, S. Paredes, M. A. Shahzad, L. Thomas, M. Vanden Bemden, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, M. De Coen, D. Dobur, G. Gokbulut, Y. Hong, J. Knolle, L. Lambrecht, D. Marckx, K. Mota Amarilo, A. Samalan, K. Skovpen, N. Van Den Bossche, J. van der Linden, L. Wezenbeek, A. Benecke, A. Bethani, G. Bruno, C. Caputo, J. De Favereau De Jeneret, C. Delaere, I. S. Donertas, A. Giammanco, A. O. Guzel, Sa. Jain, V. Lemaitre, J. Lidrych, P. Mastrapasqua, T. T. Tran, S. Wertz, G. A. Alves, M. Alves Gallo Pereira, E. Coelho, G. Correia Silva, C. Hensel, T. Menezes De Oliveira, C. Mora Herrera, A. Moraes, P. Rebello Teles, M. Soeiro, A. Vilela Pereira, W. L. Aldá Júnior, M. Barroso Ferreira Filho, H. Brandao Malbouisson, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato, E. M. Da Costa, G. G. Da Silveira, D. De Jesus Damiao, S. Fonseca De Souza, R. Gomes De Souza, M. Macedo, J. Martins, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, J. P. Pinheiro, A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, C. A. Bernardes, L. Calligaris, T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, E. M. Gregores, B. Lopes Da Costa, I. Maietto Silverio, P. G. Mercadante, S. F. Novaes, B. Orzari, Sandra S. Padula, A. Aleksandrov, G. Antchev, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, M. Misheva, M. Shopova, G. Sultanov, A. Dimitrov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, A. Petrov, E. Shumka, S. Keshri, D. Laroze, S. Thakur, T. Cheng, T. Javaid, L. Yuan, Z. Hu, Z. Liang, J. Liu, K. Yi, G. M. Chen, H. S. Chen, M. Chen, F. Iemmi, C. H. Jiang, A. Kapoor, H. Liao, Z.-A. Liu, R. Sharma, J. N. Song, J. Tao, C. Wang, J. Wang, Z. Wang, H. Zhang, J. Zhao, A. Agapitos, Y. Ban, S. Deng, B. Guo, C. Jiang, A. Levin, C. Li, Q. Li, Y. Mao, S. Qian, S. J. Qian, X. Qin, X. Sun, D. Wang, H. Yang, L. Zhang, Y. Zhao, C. Zhou, S. Yang, Z. You, K. Jaffel, N. Lu, G. Bauer, B. Li, J. Zhang, X. Gao, Y. Li, Z. Lin, C. Lu, M. Xiao, C. Avila, D. A. Barbosa Trujillo, A. Cabrera, C. Florez, J. Fraga, J. A. Reyes Vega, F. Ramirez, C. Rendón, M. Rodriguez, A. A. Ruales Barbosa, J. D. Ruiz Alvarez, D. Giljanovic, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, A. Sculac, M. Kovac, A. Petkovic, T. Sculac, P. Bargassa, V. Brigljevic, B. K. Chitroda, D. Ferencek, K. Jakovcic, S. Mishra, A. Starodumov, T. Susa, A. Attikis, K. Christoforou, A. Hadjiagapiou, C. Leonidou, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, L. Paizanos, F. Ptochos, P. A. Razis, H. Rykaczewski, H. Saka, A. Stepennov, M. Finger, A. Kveton, E. Carrera Jarrin, Y. Assran, B. El-mahdy, S. Elgammal, M. A. Mahmoud, Y. Mohammed, K. Ehataht, M. Kadastik, T. Lange, S. Nandan, C. Nielsen, J. Pata, M. Raidal, L. Tani, C. Veelken, H. Kirschenmann, K. Osterberg, M. Voutilainen, S. Bharthuar, N. Bin Norjoharuddeen, E. Brücken, F. Garcia, P. Inkaew, K. T. S. Kallonen, T. Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, L. Martikainen, M. Myllymäki, M. m. Rantanen, H. Siikonen, J. Tuominiemi, P. Luukka, H. Petrow, M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J. L. Faure, F. Ferri, S. Ganjour, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, M. Kumar, V. Lohezic, J. Malcles, F. Orlandi, L. Portales, A. Rosowsky, M. Ö. Sahin, A. Savoy-Navarro, P. Simkina, M. Titov, M. Tornago, F. Beaudette, G. Boldrini, P. Busson, A. Cappati, C. Charlot, M. Chiusi, F. Damas, O. Davignon, A. De Wit, I. T. Ehle, B. A. Fontana Santos Alves, S. Ghosh, A. Gilbert, R. Granier de Cassagnac, A. Hakimi, B. Harikrishnan, L. Kalipoliti, G. Liu, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, R. Salerno, J. B. Sauvan, Y. Sirois, L. Urda Gómez, E. Vernazza, A. Zabi, A. Zghiche, J.-L. Agram, J. Andrea, D. Apparu, D. Bloch, J.-M. Brom, E. C. Chabert, C. Collard, S. Falke, U. Goerlach, R. Haeberle, A.-C. Le Bihan, M. Meena, O. Poncet, G. Saha, M. A. Sessini, P. Van Hove, P. Vaucelle, A. Di Florio, D. Amram, S. Beauceron, B. Blancon, G. Boudoul, N. Chanon, D. Contardo, P. Depasse, C. Dozen, H. El Mamouni, J. Fay, S. Gascon, M. Gouzevitch, C. Greenberg, G. Grenier, B. Ille, E. Jourd‘huy, I. B. Laktineh, M. Lethuillier, L. Mirabito, S. Perries, A. Purohit, M. Vander Donckt, P. Verdier, J. Xiao, I. Bagaturia, I. Lomidze, Z. Tsamalaidze, V. Botta, S. Consuegra Rodríguez, L. Feld, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, D. Meuser, A. Pauls, D. Pérez Adán, N. Röwert, M. Teroerde, S. Diekmann, A. Dodonova, N. Eich, D. Eliseev, F. Engelke, J. Erdmann, M. Erdmann, P. Fackeldey, B. Fischer, T. Hebbeker, K. Hoepfner, F. Ivone, A. Jung, M. y. Lee, F. Mausolf, M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer, S. Mukherjee, D. Noll, F. Nowotny, A. Pozdnyakov, Y. Rath, W. Redjeb, F. Rehm, H. Reithler, V. Sarkisovi, A. Schmidt, C. Seth, A. Sharma, J. L. Spah, A. Stein, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, S. Wiedenbeck, S. Zaleski, C. Dziwok, G. Flügge, T. Kress, A. Nowack, O. Pooth, A. Stahl, T. Ziemons, A. Zotz, H. Aarup Petersen, M. Aldaya Martin, J. Alimena, S. Amoroso, Y. An, J. Bach, S. Baxter, M. Bayatmakou, H. Becerril Gonzalez, O. Behnke, A. Belvedere, F. Blekman, K. Borras, A. Campbell, A. Cardini, C. Cheng, F. Colombina, M. De Silva, G. Eckerlin, D. Eckstein, L. I. Estevez Banos, O. Filatov, E. Gallo, A. Geiser, V. Guglielmi, M. Guthoff, A. Hinzmann, L. Jeppe, B. Kaech, M. Kasemann, C. Kleinwort, R. Kogler, M. Komm, D. Krücker, W. Lange, D. Leyva Pernia, K. Lipka, W. Lohmann, F. Lorkowski, R. Mankel, I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann, M. Mendizabal Morentin, A. B. Meyer, G. Milella, K. Moral Figueroa, A. Mussgiller, L. P. Nair, J. Niedziela, A. Nürnberg, Y. Otarid, J. Park, E. Ranken, A. Raspereza, D. Rastorguev, J. Rübenach, L. Rygaard, A. Saggio, M. Scham, S. Schnake, P. Schütze, C. Schwanenberger, D. Selivanova, K. Sharko, M. Shchedrolosiev, D. Stafford, F. Vazzoler, A. Ventura Barroso, R. Walsh, Q. Wang, Y. Wen, K. Wichmann, L. Wiens, C. Wissing, Y. Yang, A. Zimermmane Castro Santos, A. Albrecht, S. Albrecht, M. Antonello, S. Bein, L. Benato, S. Bollweg, M. Bonanomi, P. Connor, K. El Morabit, Y. Fischer, E. Garutti, A. Grohsjean, J. Haller, H. R. Jabusch, G. Kasieczka, P. Keicher, R. Klanner, W. Korcari, T. Kramer, C. c. Kuo, V. Kutzner, F. Labe, J. Lange, A. Lobanov, C. Matthies, L. Moureaux, M. Mrowietz, A. Nigamova, Y. Nissan, A. Paasch, K. J. Pena Rodriguez, T. Quadfasel, B. Raciti, M. Rieger, D. Savoiu, J. Schindler, P. Schleper, M. Schröder, J. Schwandt, M. Sommerhalder, H. Stadie, G. Steinbrück, A. Tews, M. Wolf, S. Brommer, M. Burkart, E. Butz, T. Chwalek, A. Dierlamm, A. Droll, U. Elicabuk, N. Faltermann, M. Giffels, A. Gottmann, F. Hartmann, R. Hofsaess, M. Horzela, U. Husemann, J. Kieseler, M. Klute, R. Koppenhöfer, J. M. Lawhorn, M. Link, A. Lintuluoto, B. Maier, S. Maier, S. Mitra, M. Mormile, Th. Müller, M. Neukum, M. Oh, E. Pfeffer, M. Presilla, G. Quast, K. Rabbertz, B. Regnery, N. Shadskiy, I. Shvetsov, H. J. Simonis, L. Sowa, L. Stockmeier, K. Tauqeer, M. Toms, N. Trevisani, R. F. Von Cube, M. Wassmer, S. Wieland, F. Wittig, R. Wolf, X. Zuo, G. Anagnostou, G. Daskalakis, A. Kyriakis, A. Papadopoulos, A. Stakia, P. Kontaxakis, G. Melachroinos, Z. Painesis, I. Papavergou, I. Paraskevas, N. Saoulidou, K. Theofilatos, E. Tziaferi, K. Vellidis, I. Zisopoulos, G. Bakas, T. Chatzistavrou, G. Karapostoli, K. Kousouris, I. Papakrivopoulos, E. Siamarkou, G. Tsipolitis, A. Zacharopoulou, K. Adamidis, I. Bestintzanos, I. Evangelou, C. Foudas, C. Kamtsikis, P. Katsoulis, P. Kokkas, P. G. Kosmoglou Kioseoglou, N. Manthos, I. Papadopoulos, J. Strologas, C. Hajdu, D. Horvath, K. Márton, A. J. Rádl, F. Sikler, V. Veszpremi, M. Csanád, K. Farkas, A. Fehérkuti, M. M. A. Gadallah, Á. Kadlecsik, P. Major, G. Pásztor, G. I. Veres, B. Ujvari, G. Zilizi, G. Bencze, S. Czellar, J. Molnar, Z. Szillasi, F. Nemes, T. Novak, S. Bansal, S. B. Beri, V. Bhatnagar, G. Chaudhary, S. Chauhan, N. Dhingra, A. Kaur, H. Kaur, M. Kaur, S. Kumar, K. Sandeep, T. Sheokand, J. B. Singh, A. Singla, A. Ahmed, A. Bhardwaj, A. Chhetri, B. C. Choudhary, A. Kumar, M. Naimuddin, K. Ranjan, M. K. Saini, S. Saumya, S. Baradia, S. Barman, S. Bhattacharya, S. Das Gupta, S. Dutta, S. Sarkar, M. M. Ameen, P. K. Behera, S. C. Behera, G. Dash, P. Jana, P. Kalbhor, S. Kamble, J. R. Komaragiri, D. Kumar, P. R. Pujahari, N. R. Saha, A. K. Sikdar, R. K. Singh, P. Verma, S. Verma, A. Vijay, S. Dugad, G. B. Mohanty, B. Parida, M. Shelake, P. Suryadevara, A. Bala, S. Banerjee, R. M. Chatterjee, M. Guchait, Sh. Jain, A. Jaiswal, G. Majumder, K. Mazumdar, S. Parolia, A. Thachayath, S. Bahinipati, C. Kar, D. Maity, P. Mal, T. Mishra, V. K. Muraleedharan Nair Bindhu, K. Naskar, A. Nayak, S. Nayak, K. Pal, P. Sadangi, S. K. Swain, S. Varghese, D. Vats, S. Acharya, A. Alpana, S. Dube, B. Gomber, P. Hazarika, B. Kansal, A. Laha, B. Sahu, S. Sharma, K. Y. Vaish, H. Bakhshiansohi, A. Jafari, M. Zeinali, S. Bashiri, S. Chenarani, S. M. Etesami, Y. Hosseini, M. Khakzad, E. Khazaie, M. Mohammadi Najafabadi, S. Tizchang, M. Felcini, M. Grunewald, M. Abbrescia, A. Colaleo, D. Creanza, B. D’Anzi, N. De Filippis, M. De Palma, W. Elmetenawee, L. Fiore, G. Iaselli, L. Longo, M. Louka, G. Maggi, M. Maggi, I. Margjeka, V. Mastrapasqua, S. My, S. Nuzzo, A. Pellecchia, A. Pompili, G. Pugliese, R. Radogna, D. Ramos, A. Ranieri, L. Silvestris, F. M. Simone, Ü. Sözbilir, A. Stamerra, D. Troiano, R. Venditti, P. Verwilligen, A. Zaza, G. Abbiendi, C. Battilana, D. Bonacorsi, P. Capiluppi, A. Castro, F. R. Cavallo, M. Cuffiani, G. M. Dallavalle, T. Diotalevi, F. Fabbri, A. Fanfani, D. Fasanella, P. Giacomelli, L. Giommi, C. Grandi, L. Guiducci, S. Lo Meo, M. Lorusso, L. Lunerti, S. Marcellini, G. Masetti, F. L. Navarria, G. Paggi, A. Perrotta, F. Primavera, A. M. Rossi, S. Rossi Tisbeni, T. Rovelli, G. P. Siroli, S. Costa, A. Di Mattia, A. Lapertosa, R. Potenza, A. Tricomi, C. Tuve, P. Assiouras, G. Barbagli, G. Bardelli, B. Camaiani, A. Cassese, R. Ceccarelli, V. Ciulli, C. Civinini, R. D’Alessandro, E. Focardi, T. Kello, G. Latino, P. Lenzi, M. Lizzo, M. Meschini, S. Paoletti, A. Papanastassiou, G. Sguazzoni, L. Viliani, L. Benussi, S. Bianco, S. Meola, D. Piccolo, P. Chatagnon, F. Ferro, E. Robutti, S. Tosi, A. Benaglia, F. Brivio, F. Cetorelli, F. De Guio, M. E. Dinardo, P. Dini, S. Gennai, R. Gerosa, A. Ghezzi, P. Govoni, L. Guzzi, M. T. Lucchini, M. Malberti, S. Malvezzi, A. Massironi, D. Menasce, L. Moroni, M. Paganoni, S. Palluotto, D. Pedrini, A. Perego, B. S. Pinolini, G. Pizzati, S. Ragazzi, T. Tabarelli de Fatis, S. Buontempo, A. Cagnotta, F. Carnevali, N. Cavallo, F. Fabozzi, A. O. M. Iorio, L. Lista, P. Paolucci, B. Rossi, R. Ardino, P. Azzi, N. Bacchetta, D. Bisello, P. Bortignon, G. Bortolato, A. Bragagnolo, A. C. M. Bulla, R. Carlin, P. Checchia, T. Dorigo, F. Gasparini, U. Gasparini, M. Gulmini, E. Lusiani, M. Margoni, M. Migliorini, J. Pazzini, P. Ronchese, R. Rossin, F. Simonetto, M. Tosi, A. Triossi, S. Ventura, M. Zanetti, P. Zotto, A. Zucchetta, G. Zumerle, C. Aimè, A. Braghieri, S. Calzaferri, D. Fiorina, P. Montagna, V. Re, C. Riccardi, P. Salvini, I. Vai, P. Vitulo, S. Ajmal, M. E. Ascioti, G. M. Bilei, C. Carrivale, D. Ciangottini, L. Fanò, M. Magherini, V. Mariani, M. Menichelli, F. Moscatelli, A. Rossi, A. Santocchia, D. Spiga, T. Tedeschi, C. A. Alexe, P. Asenov, P. Azzurri, G. Bagliesi, R. Bhattacharya, L. Bianchini, T. Boccali, E. Bossini, D. Bruschini, R. Castaldi, M. A. Ciocci, M. Cipriani, V. D’Amante, R. Dell’Orso, S. Donato, A. Giassi, F. Ligabue, A. C. Marini, D. Matos Figueiredo, A. Messineo, M. Musich, F. Palla, A. Rizzi, G. Rolandi, S. 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Savin, V. Shang, W. H. Smith, D. Teague, H. F. Tsoi, W. Vetens, A. Warden, S. Afanasiev, V. Alexakhin, V. Andreev, Yu. Andreev, T. Aushev, M. Azarkin, A. Babaev, V. Blinov, E. Boos, V. Borshch, D. Budkouski, V. Bunichev, V. Chekhovsky, R. Chistov, M. Danilov, A. Dermenev, T. Dimova, D. Druzhkin, M. Dubinin, L. Dudko, G. Gavrilov, V. Gavrilov, S. Gninenko, V. Golovtcov, N. Golubev, I. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, A. Gribushin, Y. Ivanov, V. Kachanov, V. Karjavine, A. Karneyeu, V. Kim, M. Kirakosyan, D. Kirpichnikov, M. Kirsanov, V. Klyukhin, O. Kodolova, D. Konstantinov, V. Korenkov, A. Kozyrev, N. Krasnikov, A. Lanev, P. Levchenko, N. Lychkovskaya, V. Makarenko, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev, V. Murzin, A. Nikitenko, S. Obraztsov, V. Oreshkin, V. Palichik, V. Perelygin, M. Perfilov, S. Petrushanko, S. Polikarpov, V. Popov, O. Radchenko, M. Savina, V. Savrin, V. Shalaev, S. Shmatov, S. Shulha, Y. Skovpen, S. Slabospitskii, V. Smirnov, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, A. Terkulov, O. Teryaev, I. Tlisova, A. Toropin, L. Uvarov, A. Uzunian, A. Vorobyev, G. Vorotnikov, N. Voytishin, B. S. Yuldashev, A. Zarubin, I. Zhizhin, and A. Zhokin
Subjects: Beyond Standard Model, Hadron-Hadron Scattering, Particle and Resonance Production, Photon Production, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract A search for a new charged particle X with mass between 0.3 and 2.0 TeV decaying to a W boson and a photon is presented, using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb −1. Particle X has electric charge ±1 and is assumed to have spin 0. The search is performed using the electron and muon decays of the W boson. No significant excess above the predicted background is observed. The upper limit at 95% confidence level on the product of the production cross section of the X and its branching fraction to a W boson and a photon is found to be 94 (137) fb for a 0.3 TeV resonance and 0.75 (0.81) fb for a 2.0 TeV resonance, for an X width-to-mass ratio of 0.01% (5%). This search presents the most stringent constraints to date on the existence of such resonances across the probed mass range. A statistical combination with an earlier study based on the hadronic decay mode of the W boson is also performed, and the upper limit at 95% confidence level for a 2.0 TeV resonance is reduced to 0.50 (0.63) fb for an X width-to-mass ratio of 0.01% (5%).
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Search for bottom quark associated production of the standard model Higgs boson in final states with leptons in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

Author: A. Hayrapetyan, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, J.W. Andrejkovic, T. Bergauer, S. Chatterjee, K. Damanakis, M. Dragicevic, P.S. Hussain, M. Jeitler, N. Krammer, A. Li, D. Liko, I. Mikulec, J. Schieck, R. Schöfbeck, D. Schwarz, M. Sonawane, W. Waltenberger, C.-E. Wulz, T. Janssen, T. Van Laer, P. Van Mechelen, N. Breugelmans, J. D'Hondt, S. Dansana, A. De Moor, M. Delcourt, F. Heyen, S. Lowette, I. Makarenko, D. Müller, S. Tavernier, M. Tytgat, G.P. Van Onsem, S. Van Putte, D. Vannerom, B. Bilin, B. Clerbaux, A.K. Das, G. De Lentdecker, H. Evard, L. Favart, P. Gianneios, J. Jaramillo, A. Khalilzadeh, F.A. Khan, K. Lee, M. Mahdavikhorrami, A. Malara, S. Paredes, M.A. Shahzad, L. Thomas, M. Vanden Bemden, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, M. De Coen, D. Dobur, G. Gokbulut, Y. Hong, J. Knolle, L. Lambrecht, D. Marckx, K. Mota Amarilo, K. Skovpen, N. Van Den Bossche, J. van der Linden, L. Wezenbeek, A. Benecke, A. Bethani, G. Bruno, C. Caputo, J. De Favereau De Jeneret, C. Delaere, I.S. Donertas, A. Giammanco, A.O. Guzel, Sa. Jain, V. Lemaitre, J. Lidrych, P. Mastrapasqua, T.T. Tran, S. Wertz, G.A. Alves, M. Alves Gallo Pereira, E. Coelho, G. Correia Silva, C. Hensel, T. Menezes De Oliveira, C. Mora Herrera, A. Moraes, P. Rebello Teles, M. Soeiro, A. Vilela Pereira, W.L. Aldá Júnior, M. Barroso Ferreira Filho, H. Brandao Malbouisson, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato, E.M. Da Costa, G.G. Da Silveira, D. De Jesus Damiao, S. Fonseca De Souza, R. Gomes De Souza, T. Laux Kuhn, M. Macedo, J. Martins, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, J.P. Pinheiro, A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, C.A. Bernardes, L. Calligaris, T.R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, E.M. Gregores, I. Maietto Silverio, P.G. Mercadante, S.F. Novaes, B. Orzari, Sandra S. Padula, A. Aleksandrov, G. Antchev, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, M. Misheva, M. Shopova, G. Sultanov, A. Dimitrov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, A. Petrov, E. Shumka, S. Keshri, D. Laroze, S. Thakur, T. Cheng, T. Javaid, L. Yuan, Z. Hu, Z. Liang, J. Liu, K. Yi, G.M. 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Kellogg, T. Koeth, B. Kronheim, Y. Lai, S. Lascio, A.C. Mignerey, S. Nabili, C. Palmer, C. Papageorgakis, M.M. Paranjpe, E. Popova, A. Shevelev, L. Wang, J. Bendavid, I.A. Cali, P.c. Chou, M. D'Alfonso, J. Eysermans, C. Freer, G. Gomez-Ceballos, M. Goncharov, G. Grosso, P. Harris, D. Hoang, D. Kovalskyi, J. Krupa, L. Lavezzo, Y.-J. Lee, K. Long, C. Mcginn, A. Novak, C. Paus, C. Reissel, C. Roland, G. Roland, S. Rothman, G.S.F. Stephans, B. Wyslouch, T.J. Yang, B. Crossman, B.M. Joshi, C. Kapsiak, M. Krohn, D. Mahon, J. Mans, B. Marzocchi, M. Revering, R. Rusack, R. Saradhy, N. Strobbe, K. Bloom, D.R. Claes, G. Haza, J. Hossain, C. Joo, I. Kravchenko, J.E. Siado, W. Tabb, A. Vagnerini, A. Wightman, F. Yan, D. Yu, H. Bandyopadhyay, L. Hay, H.w. Hsia, I. Iashvili, A. Kalogeropoulos, A. Kharchilava, M. Morris, D. Nguyen, J. Pekkanen, S. Rappoccio, H. Rejeb Sfar, A. Williams, P. Young, G. Alverson, E. Barberis, J. Bonilla, M. Campana, J. Dervan, Y. Haddad, Y. Han, I. Israr, A. Krishna, J. Li, M. Lu, G. Madigan, R. Mccarthy, D.M. Morse, V. Nguyen, T. Orimoto, A. Parker, L. Skinnari, D. Wood, J. Bueghly, S. Dittmer, K.A. Hahn, Y. Liu, Y. Miao, D.G. Monk, M.H. Schmitt, A. Taliercio, M. Velasco, G. Agarwal, R. Band, R. Bucci, S. Castells, A. Das, R. Goldouzian, M. Hildreth, K.W. Ho, K. Hurtado Anampa, T. Ivanov, C. Jessop, K. Lannon, J. Lawrence, N. Loukas, L. Lutton, J. Mariano, N. Marinelli, I. Mcalister, T. McCauley, C. Mcgrady, C. Moore, Y. Musienko, H. Nelson, M. Osherson, A. Piccinelli, R. Ruchti, A. Townsend, Y. Wan, M. Wayne, H. Yockey, M. Zarucki, L. Zygala, A. Basnet, B. Bylsma, M. Carrigan, L.S. Durkin, C. Hill, M. Joyce, M. Nunez Ornelas, K. Wei, B.L. Winer, B.R. Yates, H. Bouchamaoui, K. Coldham, P. Das, G. Dezoort, P. Elmer, A. Frankenthal, B. Greenberg, N. Haubrich, K. Kennedy, G. Kopp, S. Kwan, D. Lange, A. Loeliger, D. Marlow, I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, D. Stickland, C. Tully, S. Malik, A.S. Bakshi, S. Chandra, R. Chawla, A. Gu, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A.W. Jung, A.M. Koshy, M. Liu, G. Negro, N. Neumeister, G. Paspalaki, S. Piperov, V. Scheurer, J.F. Schulte, M. Stojanovic, J. Thieman, A.K. Virdi, F. Wang, A. Wildridge, W. Xie, Y. Yao, J. Dolen, N. Parashar, A. Pathak, D. Acosta, T. Carnahan, K.M. Ecklund, P.J. Fernández Manteca, S. Freed, P. Gardner, F.J.M. Geurts, I. Krommydas, W. Li, J. Lin, O. Miguel Colin, B.P. Padley, R. Redjimi, J. Rotter, E. Yigitbasi, Y. Zhang, A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, J.L. Dulemba, A. Garcia-Bellido, O. Hindrichs, A. Khukhunaishvili, N. Parmar, P. Parygin, R. Taus, B. Chiarito, J.P. Chou, S.V. Clark, D. Gadkari, Y. Gershtein, E. Halkiadakis, M. Heindl, C. Houghton, D. Jaroslawski, S. Konstantinou, I. Laflotte, A. Lath, R. Montalvo, K. Nash, J. Reichert, H. Routray, P. Saha, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S.A. Thayil, S. Thomas, J. Vora, H. Wang, D. Ally, A.G. Delannoy, S. Fiorendi, S. Higginbotham, T. Holmes, A.R. Kanuganti, N. Karunarathna, L. Lee, E. Nibigira, S. Spanier, D. Aebi, M. Ahmad, T. Akhter, O. Bouhali, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon, S. Luo, R. Mueller, D. Overton, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov, N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, N. Gogate, V. Hegde, A. Hussain, Y. Kazhykarim, K. Lamichhane, A. Mankel, T. Peltola, I. Volobouev, E. Appelt, Y. Chen, S. Greene, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, A. Melo, F. Romeo, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, J. Viinikainen, B. Cardwell, H. Chung, B. Cox, J. Hakala, R. Hirosky, A. Ledovskoy, C. Neu, P.E. Karchin, A. Aravind, K. Black, T. Bose, S. Dasu, I. De Bruyn, P. Everaerts, C. Galloni, H. He, M. Herndon, A. Herve, C.K. Koraka, A. Lanaro, R. Loveless, J. Madhusudanan Sreekala, A. Mallampalli, A. Mohammadi, G. Parida, L. Pétré, D. Pinna, A. Savin, V. Shang, W.H. Smith, D. Teague, H.F. Tsoi, W. Vetens, A. Warden, S. Afanasiev, V. Alexakhin, D. Budkouski, I. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, V. Karjavine, V. Korenkov, A. Lanev, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev, V. Palichik, V. Perelygin, M. Savina, V. Shalaev, S. Shmatov, S. Shulha, V. Smirnov, O. Teryaev, N. Voytishin, B.S. Yuldashev, A. Zarubin, I. Zhizhin, G. Gavrilov, V. Golovtcov, Y. Ivanov, V. Kim, P. Levchenko, V. Murzin, V. Oreshkin, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, L. Uvarov, A. Vorobyev, Yu. Andreev, A. Dermenev, S. Gninenko, N. Golubev, A. Karneyeu, D. Kirpichnikov, M. Kirsanov, N. Krasnikov, I. Tlisova, A. Toropin, T. Aushev, V. Gavrilov, N. Lychkovskaya, A. Nikitenko, V. Popov, A. Zhokin, R. Chistov, M. Danilov, S. Polikarpov, V. Andreev, M. Azarkin, M. Kirakosyan, A. Terkulov, E. Boos, V. Bunichev, M. Dubinin, L. Dudko, A. Gribushin, V. Klyukhin, O. Kodolova, S. Obraztsov, M. Perfilov, S. Petrushanko, V. Savrin, G. Vorotnikov, V. Blinov, T. Dimova, A. Kozyrev, O. Radchenko, Y. Skovpen, V. Kachanov, D. Konstantinov, S. Slabospitskii, A. Uzunian, A. Babaev, V. Borshch, D. Druzhkin, V. Chekhovsky, and V. Makarenko
Subjects: CMS, Higgs, tau, Search, Bottom, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: This Letter presents the first search for bottom quark associated production of the standard model Higgs boson, in final states with leptons. Higgs boson decays to pairs of tau leptons and pairs of leptonically decaying W bosons are considered. The search is performed using data collected from 2016 to 2018 by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138fb−1. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are placed on the signal strength for Higgs boson production in association with bottom quarks; the observed (expected) upper limit is 3.7 (6.1) times the standard model prediction.
Published: 2025
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9. A novel nanomaterial baffle decrease aerosols and microbial aerosols during non-contact tonometry measurements

Author: X. Shen, Y. Guo, X, X. Wang, Y. Ye, Q. Chi, W. Zhou, Y. Chen, and C. Li
Subjects: Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract: X. Shen, Y. Guo, X. Wang, Y. Ye, Q. Chi, W. Zhou, Y. Xu, P. Wu, H. Zhou, Y. Chen, C. Li, Y. Chen Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China Aim: to develop a novel baffle to decrease aerosols and microbial aerosols produced during non-contact tonometry (NCT) measurements. Materials and Methods: the cluster analysis performed by Autof Analyzer software contained in MALDI-TOF MS (Autof MS 600, Autobio, China) based on microbes detected in microbial aerosols samples during NCT measurements, in human conjunctiva samples, in the air and typical strains in the database. Overall, 1594 person-time were included. The participants randomly divided into groups: NCT with a novel antimicrobial aerosol nanocomposite baffle (Group 1), NCT with a plastic baffle (Group 2), NCT without a baffle (Group 3) and participants without NCT measurements (Background investigation). NCT measurements performed in Groups 1–3.We used Air quality detectors and Air Ideal® 3P to monitor and sample aerosols and microbial aerosols during NCT measurements. Blood agar plates (Bio-kont, China) were used in the microbial sampler with a diameter of 90 mm. The plates were kept in aerobic conditions at about 25°C for 3–5 days, then the colonies on the plates were counted. Results: Staphylococcus epidermidis from microbial aerosols samples cluster with those from human samples rather than those from air. Burkholderia spp. and other microbes tested in the microbial aerosols cluster with each other rather than those in the air. Aerosols and microbial aerosols in the background did not show stable accumulation effect nor upward trend. Compared with the increasing trend of aerosols and microbial aerosols in Group 2 and Group 3, those in Group 1 were low,and showing a significant downward trend. Conclusion: Aerosolized ocular surface microorganisms (AOSM) can spread by human eyes NCT measured, pathogens may among them. The effect of plastic baffle was beneficial but volatile. Antimicrobial aerosol nano-composite baffle can effectively reduce aerosols and microbial aerosols during NCT measurements. Keywords: Baffle, Bio-aerosols, Global human health, Nanocomposites, Non-contact tonometer, COVID-19, Infection surveillance and control, Glaucoma, Cornea, Sampling method. For citation: Shen X., Guo Y., Wang X., Ye Y., Chi Q., Zhou W., Xu Y., Wu P., Zhou H., Chen Y., Li C., Chen Y. A novel nanomaterial baffle decrease aerosols and microbial aerosols during non-contact tonometry measurements. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2024;24(4):217–221 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2024-24-4-9
Published: 2024

10. Effect of pre-wetting treatment for waste waterglass foundry sand on the properties of alkali-activated slag

Author: X. Shen, P. Chen, S. Li, Y. Wang, S. Hu, C. Pei, and J. Xie
Subjects: Alkali-activated slag materials, Waste waterglass foundry sand, Interface, Compressive strength, Nanoindentation, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract: Waste waterglass foundry sand (WwFS) is a solid waste generated by the foundry industries that is commonly discarded in landfills and has urgent needs for disposal and recycling. Accordingly, this study suggests using WwFS as aggregates source for the preparation of alkali-activated slag mortars (AASM). Two different pre-wetting methods (24 h pre-wetting at 20°C and 1~6 h pre-wetting at 70°C) were used to treat WwFS and compared their performances with adding quartz sand and dried WwFS mortars. Compared to WwFS mortars without pre-wetting treatment, the compressive strengths of WwFS mortars containing WwFS pre-wetting in water at 70°C at 28d were increased by 1.3~10.0%, and the C-(A)-S-H average elastic modulus was increased by 16%. This study confirmed the feasibility of using hot water pre-wetted WwFS as the single aggregate source for AASM, which is important for the large-scale utilization of WwFS.
Published: 2024
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11. A global forest burn severity dataset from Landsat imagery (2003–2016)

Author: K. He, X. Shen, and E. N. Anagnostou
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Forest fires, while destructive and dangerous, are important to the functioning and renewal of ecosystems. Over the past 2 decades, large-scale, severe forest fires have become more frequent globally, and the risk is expected to increase as fire weather and drought conditions intensify. To improve quantification of the intensity and extent of forest fire damage, we have developed a 30 m resolution global forest burn severity (GFBS) dataset of the degree of biomass consumed by fires from 2003 to 2016. To develop this dataset, we used the Global Fire Atlas product to determine when and where forest fires occurred during that period and then we overlaid the available Landsat surface reflectance products to obtain pre-fire and post-fire normalized burn ratios (NBRs) for each burned pixel, designating the difference between them as dNBR and the relative difference as RdNBR. We compared the GFBS dataset against the Canada Landsat Burned Severity (CanLaBS) product, showing better agreement than the existing Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS)-based global burn severity dataset (MOdis burn SEVerity, MOSEV) in representing the distribution of forest burn severity over Canada. Using the in situ burn severity category data available for the 2013 wildfires in southeastern Australia, we demonstrated that GFBS could provide burn severity estimation with clearer differentiation between the high-severity and moderate-/low-severity classes, while such differentiation among the in situ burn severity classes is not captured in the MOSEV product. Using the CONUS-wide composite burn index (CBI) as a ground truth, we showed that dNBR from GFBS was more strongly correlated with CBI (r=0.63) than dNBR from MOSEV (r=0.28). RdNBR from GFBS also exhibited better agreement with CBI (r=0.56) than RdNBR from MOSEV (r=0.20). On a global scale, while the dNBR and RdNBR spatial patterns extracted by GFBS are similar to those of MOSEV, MOSEV tends to provide higher burn severity levels than GFBS. We attribute this difference to variations in reflectance values and the different spatial resolutions of the two satellites. The GFBS dataset provides a more precise and reliable assessment of burn severity than existing available datasets. These enhancements are crucial for understanding the ecological impacts of forest fires and for informing management and recovery efforts in affected regions worldwide. The GFBS dataset is freely accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10037629 (He et al., 2023).
Published: 2024
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12. Brief communication: Storm Daniel flood impact in Greece in 2023: mapping crop and livestock exposure from synthetic-aperture radar (SAR)

Author: K. He, Q. Yang, X. Shen, E. Dimitriou, A. Mentzafou, C. Papadaki, M. Stoumboudi, and E. N. Anagnostou
Subjects: Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: For this brief communication, we analyzed the crop area and number of livestock exposed to flooding from the historic precipitation caused by Storm Daniel in central Greece on 3–8 September 2023. We derived from the near-real-time RAdar Produced Inundation Diary (RAPID) system an inundated area totaling 1150 km2, located mainly in the Thessalian plain. By overlaying a land cover map on the RAPID inundation map, we found that ∼ 820 km2 (70 %) of the inundated area was agricultural land. A detailed distribution map of crop type and animal farms revealed that the crop most affected by the flooding was cotton; the inundated area of more than 282 km2 comprised ∼ 30 % of the total area planted with cotton in central Greece. In terms of livestock, we estimated more than 14 000 ornithoids and 21 500 sheep and goats were affected. Consequences for agriculture and animal husbandry in Greece are expected to be severe.
Published: 2024
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13. Measurement of inclusive and differential cross sections for W+W− production in proton-proton collisions at s=13.6 TeV

Author: A. Hayrapetyan, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, J.W. Andrejkovic, T. Bergauer, S. Chatterjee, K. Damanakis, M. Dragicevic, P.S. Hussain, M. Jeitler, N. Krammer, A. Li, D. Liko, I. Mikulec, J. Schieck, R. Schöfbeck, D. Schwarz, M. Sonawane, W. Waltenberger, C.-E. Wulz, T. Janssen, T. Van Laer, P. Van Mechelen, N. Breugelmans, J. D'Hondt, S. Dansana, A. De Moor, M. Delcourt, F. Heyen, S. Lowette, I. Makarenko, D. Müller, S. Tavernier, M. Tytgat, G.P. Van Onsem, S. Van Putte, D. Vannerom, B. Bilin, B. Clerbaux, A.K. Das, G. De Lentdecker, H. Evard, L. Favart, P. Gianneios, J. Jaramillo, A. Khalilzadeh, F.A. Khan, K. Lee, M. Mahdavikhorrami, A. Malara, S. Paredes, M.A. Shahzad, L. Thomas, M. Vanden Bemden, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, M. De Coen, D. Dobur, G. Gokbulut, Y. Hong, J. Knolle, L. Lambrecht, D. Marckx, K. Mota Amarilo, A. Samalan, K. Skovpen, N. Van Den Bossche, J. van der Linden, L. Wezenbeek, A. Benecke, A. Bethani, G. Bruno, C. Caputo, J. De Favereau De Jeneret, C. Delaere, I.S. Donertas, A. Giammanco, A.O. Guzel, Sa. Jain, V. Lemaitre, J. Lidrych, P. Mastrapasqua, T.T. Tran, S. Wertz, G.A. Alves, M. Alves Gallo Pereira, E. Coelho, G. Correia Silva, C. Hensel, T. Menezes De Oliveira, C. Mora Herrera, A. Moraes, P. Rebello Teles, M. Soeiro, A. Vilela Pereira, W.L. Aldá Júnior, M. Barroso Ferreira Filho, H. Brandao Malbouisson, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato, E.M. Da Costa, G.G. Da Silveira, D. De Jesus Damiao, S. Fonseca De Souza, R. Gomes De Souza, M. Macedo, J. Martins, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, J.P. Pinheiro, A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, C.A. Bernardes, L. Calligaris, T.R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, E.M. Gregores, I. Maietto Silverio, P.G. Mercadante, S.F. Novaes, B. Orzari, Sandra S. Padula, A. Aleksandrov, G. Antchev, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, M. Misheva, M. Shopova, G. Sultanov, A. Dimitrov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, A. Petrov, E. Shumka, S. Keshri, D. Laroze, S. Thakur, T. Cheng, T. Javaid, L. Yuan, Z. Hu, Z. Liang, J. Liu, K. Yi, G.M. Chen, H.S. Chen, M. Chen, F. Iemmi, C.H. Jiang, A. Kapoor, H. Liao, Z.-A. Liu, R. Sharma, J.N. Song, J. Tao, C. Wang, J. Wang, Z. Wang, H. Zhang, J. Zhao, A. Agapitos, Y. Ban, S. Deng, B. Guo, C. Jiang, A. Levin, C. Li, Q. Li, Y. Mao, S. Qian, S.J. Qian, X. Qin, X. Sun, D. Wang, H. Yang, L. Zhang, Y. Zhao, C. Zhou, S. Yang, Z. You, K. Jaffel, N. Lu, G. Bauer, B. Li, J. Zhang, X. Gao, Y. Li, Z. Lin, C. Lu, M. Xiao, C. Avila, D.A. Barbosa Trujillo, A. Cabrera, C. Florez, J. Fraga, J.A. Reyes Vega, F. Ramirez, C. Rendón, M. Rodriguez, A.A. Ruales Barbosa, J.D. Ruiz Alvarez, D. Giljanovic, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, A. Sculac, M. Kovac, A. Petkovic, T. Sculac, P. Bargassa, V. Brigljevic, B.K. Chitroda, D. Ferencek, K. Jakovcic, S. Mishra, A. Starodumov, T. Susa, A. Attikis, K. Christoforou, A. Hadjiagapiou, C. Leonidou, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, L. Paizanos, F. Ptochos, P.A. Razis, H. Rykaczewski, H. Saka, A. Stepennov, M. Finger, M. Finger, Jr., A. Kveton, E. Carrera Jarrin, Y. Assran, B. El-mahdy, S. Elgammal, M. Abdullah Al-Mashad, M.A. Mahmoud, K. Ehataht, M. Kadastik, T. Lange, S. Nandan, C. Nielsen, J. Pata, M. Raidal, L. Tani, C. Veelken, H. Kirschenmann, K. Osterberg, M. Voutilainen, S. Bharthuar, N. Bin Norjoharuddeen, E. Brücken, F. Garcia, P. Inkaew, K.T.S. Kallonen, T. Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, L. Martikainen, M. Myllymäki, M.m. Rantanen, H. Siikonen, J. Tuominiemi, P. Luukka, H. Petrow, M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J.L. Faure, F. Ferri, S. Ganjour, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, M. Kumar, V. Lohezic, J. Malcles, F. Orlandi, L. Portales, A. Rosowsky, M.Ö. Sahin, A. Savoy-Navarro, P. Simkina, M. Titov, M. Tornago, F. Beaudette, G. Boldrini, P. Busson, A. Cappati, C. Charlot, M. Chiusi, F. Damas, O. Davignon, A. De Wit, I.T. Ehle, B.A. Fontana Santos Alves, S. Ghosh, A. Gilbert, R. Granier de Cassagnac, A. Hakimi, B. Harikrishnan, L. Kalipoliti, G. Liu, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, R. Salerno, J.B. Sauvan, Y. Sirois, L. 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Ball, K.W. Bell, A. Belyaev, C. Brew, R.M. Brown, D.J.A. Cockerill, C. Cooke, A. Elliot, K.V. Ellis, K. Harder, S. Harper, J. Linacre, K. Manolopoulos, D.M. Newbold, E. Olaiya, D. Petyt, T. Reis, A.R. Sahasransu, G. Salvi, T. Schuh, C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, I.R. Tomalin, K.C. Whalen, T. Williams, I. Andreou, R. Bainbridge, P. Bloch, C.E. Brown, O. Buchmuller, V. Cacchio, C.A. Carrillo Montoya, G.S. Chahal, D. Colling, J.S. Dancu, I. Das, P. Dauncey, G. Davies, J. Davies, M. Della Negra, S. Fayer, G. Fedi, G. Hall, M.H. Hassanshahi, A. Howard, G. Iles, C.R. Knight, J. Langford, J. León Holgado, L. Lyons, A.-M. Magnan, S. Mallios, M. Mieskolainen, J. Nash, M. Pesaresi, P.B. Pradeep, B.C. Radburn-Smith, A. Richards, A. Rose, K. Savva, C. Seez, R. Shukla, A. Tapper, K. Uchida, G.P. Uttley, L.H. Vage, T. Virdee, M. Vojinovic, N. Wardle, D. Winterbottom, K. Coldham, J.E. Cole, A. Khan, P. Kyberd, I.D. Reid, S. Abdullin, A. Brinkerhoff, E. Collins, M.R. Darwish, J. Dittmann, K. Hatakeyama, J. Hiltbrand, B. McMaster, J. Samudio, S. Sawant, C. Sutantawibul, J. Wilson, R. Bartek, A. Dominguez, C. Huerta Escamilla, A.E. Simsek, R. Uniyal, A.M. Vargas Hernandez, B. Bam, A. Buchot Perraguin, R. Chudasama, S.I. Cooper, C. Crovella, S.V. Gleyzer, E. Pearson, C.U. Perez, P. Rumerio, E. Usai, R. Yi, A. Akpinar, C. Cosby, G. De Castro, Z. Demiragli, C. Erice, C. Fangmeier, C. Fernandez Madrazo, E. Fontanesi, D. Gastler, F. Golf, S. Jeon, J. O‘cain, I. Reed, J. Rohlf, K. Salyer, D. Sperka, D. Spitzbart, I. Suarez, A. Tsatsos, A.G. Zecchinelli, G. Benelli, D. Cutts, L. Gouskos, M. Hadley, U. Heintz, J.M. Hogan, T. Kwon, G. Landsberg, K.T. Lau, D. Li, J. Luo, S. Mondal, N. Pervan, T. Russell, S. Sagir, X. Shen, F. Simpson, M. Stamenkovic, N. Venkatasubramanian, X. Yan, S. Abbott, C. Brainerd, R. Breedon, H. Cai, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M. Chertok, M. Citron, J. Conway, P.T. Cox, R. Erbacher, F. Jensen, O. Kukral, G. Mocellin, M. Mulhearn, S. Ostrom, W. Wei, S. Yoo, F. Zhang, M. Bachtis, R. Cousins, A. Datta, G. Flores Avila, J. Hauser, M. Ignatenko, M.A. Iqbal, T. Lam, E. Manca, A. Nunez Del Prado, D. Saltzberg, V. Valuev, R. Clare, J.W. Gary, M. Gordon, G. Hanson, W. Si, A. Aportela, A. Arora, J.G. Branson, S. Cittolin, S. Cooperstein, D. Diaz, J. Duarte, L. Giannini, Y. Gu, J. Guiang, R. Kansal, V. Krutelyov, R. Lee, J. Letts, M. Masciovecchio, F. Mokhtar, M. Pieri, M. Quinnan, B.V. Sathia Narayanan, V. Sharma, M. Tadel, E. Vourliotis, F. Würthwein, Y. Xiang, A. Yagil, A. Barzdukas, L. Brennan, C. Campagnari, K. Downham, C. Grieco, J. Incandela, A.J. Li, P. Masterson, H. Mei, J. Richman, S.N. Santpur, U. Sarica, R. Schmitz, F. Setti, J. Sheplock, D. Stuart, T.Á. Vámi, S. Wang, D. Zhang, A. Bornheim, O. Cerri, A. Latorre, J. Mao, H.B. Newman, G. Reales Gutiérrez, M. Spiropulu, J.R. Vlimant, S. Xie, R.Y. Zhu, J. Alison, S. An, P. Bryant, M. Cremonesi, V. Dutta, T. Ferguson, T.A. Gómez Espinosa, A. Harilal, A. Kallil Tharayil, C. Liu, T. Mudholkar, S. Murthy, P. Palit, K. Park, M. Paulini, A. Roberts, A. Sanchez, W. Terrill, J.P. Cumalat, W.T. Ford, A. Hart, A. Hassani, G. Karathanasis, N. Manganelli, J. Pearkes, C. Savard, N. Schonbeck, K. Stenson, K.A. Ulmer, S.R. Wagner, N. Zipper, D. Zuolo, J. Alexander, S. Bright-Thonney, X. Chen, D.J. Cranshaw, J. Fan, X. Fan, S. Hogan, P. Kotamnives, J. Monroy, M. Oshiro, J.R. Patterson, M. Reid, A. Ryd, J. Thom, P. Wittich, R. Zou, M. Albrow, M. Alyari, O. Amram, G. Apollinari, A. Apresyan, L.A.T. Bauerdick, D. Berry, J. Berryhill, P.C. Bhat, K. Burkett, J.N. Butler, A. Canepa, G.B. Cerati, H.W.K. Cheung, F. Chlebana, G. Cummings, J. Dickinson, I. Dutta, V.D. Elvira, Y. Feng, J. Freeman, A. Gandrakota, Z. Gecse, L. Gray, D. Green, A. Grummer, S. Grünendahl, D. Guerrero, O. Gutsche, R.M. Harris, R. Heller, T.C. Herwig, J. Hirschauer, B. Jayatilaka, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, U. Joshi, T. Klijnsma, B. Klima, K.H.M. Kwok, S. Lammel, D. Lincoln, R. Lipton, T. Liu, C. Madrid, K. Maeshima, C. Mantilla, D. Mason, P. McBride, P. Merkel, S. Mrenna, S. Nahn, J. Ngadiuba, D. Noonan, S. Norberg, V. Papadimitriou, N. Pastika, K. Pedro, C. Pena, F. Ravera, A. Reinsvold Hall, L. Ristori, M. Safdari, E. Sexton-Kennedy, N. Smith, A. Soha, L. Spiegel, S. Stoynev, J. Strait, L. Taylor, S. Tkaczyk, N.V. Tran, L. Uplegger, E.W. Vaandering, I. Zoi, C. Aruta, P. Avery, D. Bourilkov, P. Chang, V. Cherepanov, R.D. Field, C. Huh, E. Koenig, M. Kolosova, J. Konigsberg, A. Korytov, K. Matchev, N. Menendez, G. Mitselmakher, K. Mohrman, A. Muthirakalayil Madhu, N. Rawal, S. Rosenzweig, Y. Takahashi, T. Adams, A. Al Kadhim, A. Askew, S. Bower, V. Hagopian, R. Hashmi, R.S. Kim, T. Kolberg, G. Martinez, H. Prosper, P.R. Prova, M. Wulansatiti, R. Yohay, B. Alsufyani, M.M. Baarmand, S. Butalla, S. Das, T. Elkafrawy, M. Hohlmann, E. Yanes, M.R. Adams, A. Baty, C. Bennett, R. Cavanaugh, R. Escobar Franco, O. Evdokimov, C.E. Gerber, M. Hawksworth, A. Hingrajiya, D.J. Hofman, J.h. Lee, D.S. Lemos, A.H. Merrit, C. Mills, S. Nanda, G. Oh, B. Ozek, D. Pilipovic, R. Pradhan, E. Prifti, T. Roy, S. Rudrabhatla, M.B. Tonjes, N. Varelas, M.A. Wadud, Z. Ye, M. Alhusseini, D. Blend, K. Dilsiz, L. Emediato, G. Karaman, O.K. Köseyan, J.-P. Merlo, A. Mestvirishvili, O. Neogi, H. Ogul, Y. Onel, A. Penzo, C. Snyder, E. Tiras, B. Blumenfeld, L. Corcodilos, J. Davis, A.V. Gritsan, L. Kang, S. Kyriacou, P. Maksimovic, M. Roguljic, J. Roskes, S. Sekhar, M. Swartz, A. Abreu, L.F. Alcerro Alcerro, J. Anguiano, S. Arteaga Escatel, P. Baringer, A. Bean, Z. Flowers, D. Grove, J. King, G. Krintiras, M. Lazarovits, C. Le Mahieu, J. Marquez, M. Murray, M. Nickel, M. Pitt, S. Popescu, C. Rogan, C. Royon, R. Salvatico, S. Sanders, C. Smith, G. Wilson, B. Allmond, R. Gujju Gurunadha, A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, Y. Maravin, J. Natoli, D. Roy, G. Sorrentino, A. Baden, A. Belloni, J. Bistany-riebman, Y.M. Chen, S.C. Eno, N.J. Hadley, S. Jabeen, R.G. Kellogg, T. Koeth, B. Kronheim, Y. Lai, S. Lascio, A.C. Mignerey, S. Nabili, C. Palmer, C. Papageorgakis, M.M. Paranjpe, E. Popova, A. Shevelev, L. Wang, J. Bendavid, I.A. Cali, P.c. Chou, M. D'Alfonso, J. Eysermans, C. Freer, G. Gomez-Ceballos, M. Goncharov, G. Grosso, P. Harris, D. Hoang, D. Kovalskyi, J. Krupa, L. Lavezzo, Y.-J. Lee, K. Long, C. Mcginn, A. Novak, C. Paus, C. Reissel, C. Roland, G. Roland, S. Rothman, G.S.F. Stephans, B. Wyslouch, T.J. Yang, B. Crossman, B.M. Joshi, C. Kapsiak, M. Krohn, D. Mahon, J. Mans, B. Marzocchi, M. Revering, R. Rusack, R. Saradhy, N. Strobbe, K. Bloom, D.R. Claes, G. Haza, J. Hossain, C. Joo, I. Kravchenko, J.E. Siado, W. Tabb, A. Vagnerini, A. Wightman, F. Yan, D. Yu, H. Bandyopadhyay, L. Hay, H.w. Hsia, I. Iashvili, A. Kalogeropoulos, A. Kharchilava, M. Morris, D. Nguyen, J. Pekkanen, S. Rappoccio, H. Rejeb Sfar, A. Williams, P. Young, G. Alverson, E. Barberis, J. Bonilla, M. Campana, J. Dervan, Y. Haddad, Y. Han, A. Krishna, J. Li, M. Lu, G. Madigan, R. Mccarthy, D.M. Morse, V. Nguyen, T. Orimoto, A. Parker, L. Skinnari, D. Wood, J. Bueghly, S. Dittmer, K.A. Hahn, Y. Liu, Y. Miao, D.G. Monk, M.H. Schmitt, A. Taliercio, M. Velasco, G. Agarwal, R. Band, R. Bucci, S. Castells, A. Das, R. Goldouzian, M. Hildreth, K.W. Ho, K. Hurtado Anampa, T. Ivanov, C. Jessop, K. Lannon, J. Lawrence, N. Loukas, L. Lutton, J. Mariano, N. Marinelli, I. Mcalister, T. McCauley, C. Mcgrady, C. Moore, Y. Musienko, H. Nelson, M. Osherson, A. Piccinelli, R. Ruchti, A. Townsend, Y. Wan, M. Wayne, H. Yockey, M. Zarucki, L. Zygala, A. Basnet, B. Bylsma, M. Carrigan, L.S. Durkin, C. Hill, M. Joyce, M. Nunez Ornelas, K. Wei, B.L. Winer, B.R. Yates, H. Bouchamaoui, P. Das, G. Dezoort, P. Elmer, A. Frankenthal, B. Greenberg, N. Haubrich, K. Kennedy, G. Kopp, S. Kwan, D. Lange, A. Loeliger, D. Marlow, I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, D. Stickland, C. Tully, S. Malik, A.S. Bakshi, S. Chandra, R. Chawla, A. Gu, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A.W. Jung, A.M. Koshy, M. Liu, G. Negro, N. Neumeister, G. Paspalaki, S. Piperov, V. Scheurer, J.F. Schulte, M. Stojanovic, J. Thieman, A.K. Virdi, F. Wang, A. Wildridge, W. Xie, Y. Yao, J. Dolen, N. Parashar, A. Pathak, D. Acosta, T. Carnahan, K.M. Ecklund, P.J. Fernández Manteca, S. Freed, P. Gardner, F.J.M. Geurts, I. Krommydas, W. Li, J. Lin, O. Miguel Colin, B.P. Padley, R. Redjimi, J. Rotter, E. Yigitbasi, Y. Zhang, A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, J.L. Dulemba, A. Garcia-Bellido, O. Hindrichs, A. Khukhunaishvili, N. Parmar, P. Parygin, R. Taus, B. Chiarito, J.P. Chou, S.V. Clark, D. Gadkari, Y. Gershtein, E. Halkiadakis, M. Heindl, C. Houghton, D. Jaroslawski, S. Konstantinou, I. Laflotte, A. Lath, R. Montalvo, K. Nash, J. Reichert, H. Routray, P. Saha, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S.A. Thayil, S. Thomas, J. Vora, H. Wang, D. Ally, A.G. Delannoy, S. Fiorendi, S. Higginbotham, T. Holmes, A.R. Kanuganti, N. Karunarathna, L. Lee, E. Nibigira, S. Spanier, D. Aebi, M. Ahmad, T. Akhter, O. Bouhali, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon, S. Luo, R. Mueller, D. Overton, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov, N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, N. Gogate, V. Hegde, A. Hussain, Y. Kazhykarim, K. Lamichhane, A. Mankel, T. Peltola, I. Volobouev, E. Appelt, Y. Chen, S. Greene, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, A. Melo, F. Romeo, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, J. Viinikainen, B. Cardwell, H. Chung, B. Cox, J. Hakala, R. Hirosky, A. Ledovskoy, C. Neu, P.E. Karchin, A. Aravind, K. Black, T. Bose, S. Dasu, I. De Bruyn, P. Everaerts, C. Galloni, H. He, M. Herndon, A. Herve, C.K. Koraka, A. Lanaro, R. Loveless, J. Madhusudanan Sreekala, A. Mallampalli, A. Mohammadi, G. Parida, L. Pétré, D. Pinna, A. Savin, V. Shang, W.H. Smith, D. Teague, H.F. Tsoi, W. Vetens, A. Warden, S. Afanasiev, V. Alexakhin, V. Andreev, Yu. Andreev, T. Aushev, M. Azarkin, A. Babaev, V. Blinov, E. Boos, V. Borshch, D. Budkouski, V. Bunichev, M. Chadeeva, V. Chekhovsky, R. Chistov, A. Dermenev, T. Dimova, D. Druzhkin, M. Dubinin, L. Dudko, G. Gavrilov, V. Gavrilov, S. Gninenko, V. Golovtcov, N. Golubev, I. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, A. Gribushin, Y. Ivanov, V. Kachanov, V. Karjavine, A. Karneyeu, V. Kim, M. Kirakosyan, D. Kirpichnikov, M. Kirsanov, V. Klyukhin, O. Kodolova, D. Konstantinov, V. Korenkov, A. Kozyrev, N. Krasnikov, A. Lanev, P. Levchenko, O. Lukina, N. Lychkovskaya, V. Makarenko, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev, V. Murzin, A. Nikitenko, S. Obraztsov, V. Oreshkin, V. Palichik, V. Perelygin, M. Perfilov, S. Polikarpov, V. Popov, O. Radchenko, M. Savina, V. Savrin, V. Shalaev, S. Shmatov, S. Shulha, Y. Skovpen, S. Slabospitskii, V. Smirnov, A. Snigirev, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, A. Terkulov, O. Teryaev, I. Tlisova, A. Toropin, L. Uvarov, A. Uzunian, A. Vorobyev, N. Voytishin, B.S. Yuldashev, A. Zarubin, I. Zhizhin, and A. Zhokin
Subjects: CMS, W boson pairs, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Measurements at s=13.6TeV of the opposite-sign W boson pair production cross section in proton-proton collisions are presented. The data used in this study were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2022, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 34.8fb−1. Events are selected by requiring one electron and one muon of opposite charge. A maximum likelihood fit is performed on signal- and background-enriched data categories defined by the flavor and charge of the leptons, the number of jets, and number of jets originating from b quarks. The overall sensitivity is significantly better than that of previous results with a similar integrated luminosity. The improvement comes from a more refined control of experimental uncertainties and an improved fit strategy. An inclusive W+W− production cross section of 125.7±5.6 pb is measured, in agreement with standard model predictions. Cross sections are also reported in a fiducial region close to that of the detector acceptance, both inclusively and differentially, as a function of the jet multiplicity in the event. For the first time in proton-proton collisions, WW events with zero, one, and at least two jets are studied simultaneously and compared with recent theoretical predictions.
Published: 2025
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14. Data-driven approaches for satellite SADA system health monitoring with limited data.

Author: Xinting Zhu, Lishuai Li, Yanfang Mo, Yining Dong, Xuejin X. Shen, Xiaoyu Chen, and S. Joe Qin
Published: 2024
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15. Estrogen receptor activation remodels TEAD1 gene expression to alleviate hepatic steatosis

Author: Christian Sommerauer, Carlos J Gallardo-Dodd, Christina Savva, Linnea Hases, Madeleine Birgersson, Rajitha Indukuri, Joanne X Shen, Pablo Carravilla, Keyi Geng, Jonas Nørskov Søndergaard, Clàudia Ferrer-Aumatell, Grégoire Mercier, Erdinc Sezgin, Marion Korach-André, Carl Petersson, Hannes Hagström, Volker M Lauschke, Amena Archer, Cecilia Williams, and Claudia Kutter
Subjects: MASLD, Estrogen Receptor, Multi-omics, Enhancer–Promoter Interaction, TEAD1, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Abstract Sex-based differences in obesity-related hepatic malignancies suggest the protective roles of estrogen. Using a preclinical model, we dissected estrogen receptor (ER) isoform-driven molecular responses in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver diseases of male and female mice treated with or without an estrogen agonist by integrating liver multi-omics data. We found that selective ER activation recovers HFD-induced molecular and physiological liver phenotypes. HFD and systemic ER activation altered core liver pathways, beyond lipid metabolism, that are consistent between mice and primates. By including patient cohort data, we uncovered that ER-regulated enhancers govern central regulatory and metabolic genes with clinical significance in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) patients, including the transcription factor TEAD1. TEAD1 expression increased in MASLD patients, and its downregulation by short interfering RNA reduced intracellular lipid content. Subsequent TEAD small molecule inhibition improved steatosis in primary human hepatocyte spheroids by suppressing lipogenic pathways. Thus, TEAD1 emerged as a new therapeutic candidate whose inhibition ameliorates hepatic steatosis.
Published: 2024
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16. Variation in chemical composition and volatility of oxygenated organic aerosol in different rural, urban, and mountain environments

Author: W. Huang, C. Wu, L. Gao, Y. Gramlich, S. L. Haslett, J. Thornton, F. D. Lopez-Hilfiker, B. H. Lee, J. Song, H. Saathoff, X. Shen, R. Ramisetty, S. N. Tripathi, D. Ganguly, F. Jiang, M. Vallon, S. Schobesberger, T. Yli-Juuti, and C. Mohr
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: The apparent volatility of atmospheric organic aerosol (OA) particles is determined by their chemical composition and environmental conditions (e.g., ambient temperature). A quantitative, experimental assessment of volatility and the respective importance of these two factors remains challenging, especially in ambient measurements. We present molecular composition and volatility of oxygenated OA (OOA) particles in different rural, urban, and mountain environments (including Chacaltaya, Bolivia; Alabama, US; Hyytiälä, Finland; Stuttgart and Karlsruhe, Germany; and Delhi, India) based on deployments of a filter inlet for gases and aerosols coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (FIGAERO-CIMS). We find on average larger carbon numbers (nC) and lower oxygen-to-carbon (O : C) ratios at the urban sites (nC: 9.8 ± 0.7; O : C: 0.76 ± 0.03; average ±1 standard deviation) compared to the rural (nC: 8.8 ± 0.6; O : C: 0.80 ± 0.05) and mountain stations (nC: 8.1 ± 0.8; O : C: 0.91 ± 0.07), indicative of different emission sources and chemistry. Compounds containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms (CHO) contribute the most to the total OOA mass at the rural sites (79.9 ± 5.2 %), in accordance with their proximity to forested areas (66.2 ± 5.5 % at the mountain sites and 72.6 ± 4.3 % at the urban sites). The largest contribution of nitrogen-containing compounds (CHON) is found at the urban stations (27.1 ± 4.3 %), consistent with their higher NOx levels. Moreover, we parametrize OOA volatility (saturation mass concentrations, Csat) using molecular composition information and compare it with the bulk apparent volatility derived from thermal desorption of the OOA particles within the FIGAERO. We find differences in Csat values of up to ∼ 3 orders of magnitude and variation in thermal desorption profiles (thermograms) across different locations and systems. From our study, we draw the general conclusion that environmental conditions (e.g., ambient temperature) do not directly affect OOA apparent volatility but rather indirectly by influencing the sources and chemistry of the environment and thus the chemical composition. The comprehensive dataset provides results that show the complex thermodynamics and chemistry of OOA and their changes during its lifetime in the atmosphere. We conclude that generally the chemical description of OOA suffices to predict its apparent volatility, at least qualitatively. Our study thus provides new insights that will help guide choices of, e.g., descriptions of OOA volatility in different model frameworks such as air quality models and cloud parcel models.
Published: 2024
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17. A possible unaccounted source of nitrogen-containing compound formation in aerosols: amines reacting with secondary ozonides

Author: J. Qiu, X. Shen, J. Chen, G. Li, and T. An
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Nitrogen (N)-containing compounds have a significant impact on the optical and toxicological properties of aerosols. 1,2,4-Trioxolanes, known as secondary ozonides (SOZs), i.e., key products from the ozonolysis of biogenic terpenoids, are readily taken up into atmospheric aerosols and act as oxidants, potentially interacting with amines in the atmosphere. In the present work, we carefully investigated the component of the particles produced by the ozonolysis of β-caryophyllene (β-C) in the presence of ethylamine (EA), methylamine (MA), dimethylamine (DMA), or ammonia. The mass spectrometric results show that SOZ is the dominant product from the ozonolysis of β-C. It readily reacts with EA and MA but has inert reactivities toward DMA and ammonia. Similar experimental results were achieved with α-humulene (α-H), an isomer of β-C, was used in place of β-C. Additionally, D2O and H218O solvents were used for the characterization of products. The results revealed an intriguing phenomenon where the products from β-C SOZ and α-H SOZ reacting with the same amine (EA or MA) possessed different functional groups, despite the fact that they are isomerized species with identical chemical structure (1,2,4-trioxolane). This indicates that the chemical conformation of SOZs has a strong influence on how they react with amines. For the first time, SOZs derived from β-C and α-H reacting with amines are reported in this study; this may represent a hitherto unrecognized source of N-containing compound production in atmospheric aerosols.
Published: 2024
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18. Co-registration and residual correction of digital elevation models: a comparative study

Author: T. Li, Y. Hu, B. Liu, L. Jiang, H. Wang, and X. Shen
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Digital elevation models (DEMs) are currently one of the most widely used data sources in glacier thickness change research, due to the high spatial resolution and continuous coverage. However, raw DEM data are often misaligned with each other, due to georeferencing errors, and a co-registration procedure is required before DEM differencing. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of the two classical co-registration methods proposed by Nuth and Kääb (2011) and Rosenholm and Torlegard (1988). The former is currently the most commonly used method in glacial studies, while the latter is a seminal work in the photogrammetric field that has not been extensively investigated by the cryosphere community. Furthermore, we also present a new residual correction method using a generalized additive model (GAM) to eliminate the remaining systematic errors in DEM co-registration results. The performance of the two DEM co-registration methods and three residual correction algorithms (the GAM-based method together with two parametric-model-based methods) was evaluated using multiple DEM pairs from the Greenland Ice Sheet and mountain glaciers, including Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) DEMs, ZiYuan-3 (ZY-3) DEMs, the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM, and the Copernicus DEM. The experimental results confirm our theoretical analysis of the two co-registration methods. The method of Rosenholm and Torlegard has a greater ability to remove DEM misalignments (an average of 4.6 % and 13.7 % for the test datasets from Greenland Ice Sheet and High Mountain Asia, respectively) because it models the translation, scale, and rotation-induced biases, while the method of Nuth and Kääb considers translation only. The proposed GAM-based method performs statistically better than the two residual correction methods based on parametric regression models (high-order polynomials and the sum of the sinusoidal functions). A visual inspection reveals that the GAM-based method, as a non-parametric regression technique, can capture complex systematic errors in the DEM co-registration residuals.
Published: 2023
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19. Substantially positive contributions of new particle formation to cloud condensation nuclei under low supersaturation in China based on numerical model improvements

Author: C. Zhang, S. Hai, Y. Gao, Y. Wang, S. Zhang, L. Sheng, B. Zhao, S. Wang, J. Jiang, X. Huang, X. Shen, J. Sun, A. Lupascu, M. Shrivastava, J. D. Fast, W. Cheng, X. Guo, M. Chu, N. Ma, J. Hong, Q. Wang, X. Yao, and H. Gao
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: New particle formation (NPF) and subsequent particle growth are important sources of condensation nuclei (CN) and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). While many observations have shown positive contributions of NPF to CCN at low supersaturation, negative NPF contributions were often simulated in polluted environments. Using the observations in a coastal city of Qingdao, Beijing, and Gucheng in north China, we thoroughly evaluate the simulated number concentrations of CN and CCN using an NPF-explicit parameterization embedded in the WRF-Chem model. For CN, the initial simulation shows large biases of particle number concentrations at 10–40 and 40–100 nm. By adjusting the process of gas–particle partitioning, including the mass accommodation coefficient (MAC) of sulfuric acid, the phase changes in primary organic aerosol emissions, and the condensational amount of nitric acid, the improvement of the particle growth process yields substantially reduced overestimation of CN. Regarding CCN, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed from the oxidation of semi-volatile and intermediate-volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) is called SI-SOA, the yield of which is an important contributor. At default settings, the SI-SOA yield is too high without considering the differences in precursor oxidation rates. Lowering the SI-SOA yield under linear H2SO4 nucleation scheme results in much-improved CCN simulations compared to observations. On the basis of the bias-corrected model, we find substantially positive contributions of NPF to CCN at low supersaturation (∼ 0.2 %) over broad areas of China, primarily due to competing effects of increasing particle hygroscopicity, a result of reductions in SI-SOA amount, surpassing that of particle size decreases. The bias-corrected model is robustly applicable to other schemes, such as the quadratic H2SO4 nucleation scheme, in terms of CN and CCN, though the dependence of CCN on SI-SOA yield is diminished likely due to changes in particle composition. This study highlights potentially much larger NPF contributions to CCN on a regional and even global basis.
Published: 2023
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20. Sub‐MeV Electron Precipitation Driven by EMIC Waves Through Nonlinear Fractional Resonances

Author: M. Hanzelka, W. Li, M. Qin, L. Capannolo, X. Shen, Q. Ma, L. Gan, and V. Angelopoulos
Subjects: Earth's radiation belts, EMIC waves, resonant scattering, nonlinear interaction, nonresonant scattering, electron precipitation, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract: Abstract Electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves in the Earth's outer radiation belt drive rapid electron losses through wave‐particle interactions. The precipitating electron flux can be high in the hundreds of keV energy range, well below the typical minimum resonance energy. One of the proposed explanations relies on nonresonant scattering, which causes pitch‐angle diffusion away from the fundamental cyclotron resonance. Here we propose the fractional sub‐cyclotron resonance, a second‐order nonlinear effect that scatters particles at resonance order n = 1/2, as an alternate explanation. Using test‐particle simulations, we evaluate the precipitation ratios of sub‐MeV electrons for wave packets with various shapes, amplitudes, and wave normal angles. We show that the nonlinear sub‐cyclotron scattering produces larger ratios than the nonresonant scattering when the wave amplitude reaches sufficiently large values. The ELFIN CubeSats detected several events with precipitation ratio patterns matching our simulation, demonstrating the importance of sub‐cyclotron resonances during intense precipitation events.
Published: 2024
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21. High energy electron diffraction instrument with tunable camera length

Author: P. Denham, Y. Yang, V. Guo, A. Fisher, X. Shen, T. Xu, R. J. England, R. K. Li, and P. Musumeci
Subjects: Crystallography, QD901-999
Abstract: Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) stands as a powerful technique for real-time observation of structural dynamics at the atomic level. In recent years, the use of MeV electrons from radio frequency guns has been widely adopted to take advantage of the relativistic suppression of the space charge effects that otherwise limit the temporal resolution of the technique. Nevertheless, there is not a clear choice for the optimal energy for a UED instrument. Scaling to beam energies higher than a few MeV does pose significant technical challenges, mainly related to the inherent increase in diffraction camera length associated with the smaller Bragg angles. In this study, we report a solution by using a compact post-sample magnetic optical system to magnify the diffraction pattern from a crystal Au sample illuminated by an 8.2 MeV electron beam. Our method employs, as one of the lenses of the optical system, a triplet of compact, high field gradients (>500 T/m), small-gap (3.5 mm) Halbach permanent magnet quadrupoles. Shifting the relative position of the quadrupoles, we demonstrate tuning the magnification by more than a factor of two, a 6× improvement in camera length, and reciprocal space resolution better than 0.1 Å−1 in agreement with beam transport simulations.
Published: 2024
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22. Characterization of dust-related new particle formation events based on long-term measurement in the North China Plain

Author: X. Shen, J. Sun, H. Che, Y. Zhang, C. Zhou, K. Gui, W. Xu, Q. Liu, J. Zhong, C. Xia, X. Hu, S. Zhang, J. Wang, S. Liu, J. Lu, A. Yu, and X. Zhang
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Mineral dust is a major natural atmospheric aerosol that impacts the Earth's radiation balance. The significant scavenging process of fine particles by the strong wind during the dust episodes provided a relatively clean environment that was favourable for new particle formation (NPF) occurrence. In this study, the NPF occurred following the dust episodes (dust-related NPF), and other cases under clean and polluted conditions were classified based on the long-term particle number size distribution (PNSD) in urban Beijing in spring from 2017 to 2021. It was found that the observed formation (Jobs) and growth rate (GR) of dust-related NPF events were approximately 50 % and 30 % lower than the values of other NPF days, respectively. A typical severe dust storm that originated from Mongolia and swept over northern China on 15–16 March 2021 was analysed, to illustrate how the dust storm influences the NPF event. The maximum hourly mean PM10 mass concentration reached 8000 µg m−3 during this dust storm. The occurrence of an NPF event after a dust storm was facilitated due to the low condensation sink (∼ 0.005 s−1) caused by the strong dilution process of pre-existing particles. However, a downward trend of particle hygroscopicity was found during dust storm and NPF event as compared with the polluted episode, resulting in an increasing trend of the critical diameter at different supersaturations (ss), where aerosols are activated as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), although the NPF event occurred when dust faded. The critical diameter was elevated by approximately 6 %–10 % (ss = 0.2 % and 0.7 %) during the dust storm, resulting in a lower CCN activation ratio, especially at low supersaturation. Modifications of the nucleation and growth process, as well as the particle-size distribution and hygroscopicity of the dust particles, provide valuable information that reveals the underlying climate and air quality effects of Asian mineral dust.
Published: 2023
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23. Joint PHD Filter and Hungarian Assignment Algorithm for Multitarget Tracking in Low Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Author: S. Xiao, H. Tao, X. Shen, L. Zhang, and M. Hu
Subjects: hungarian assignment algorithm, phd filter, multitarget tracking (mtt), low signal-to-noise ratio (snr), Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: Multitarget tracking (MTT) for image processing in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is difficult and computationally expensive because the distinction between the target and the background is small. Among the current MTT algorithms, Random Finite Set (RFS) based filters are computationally tractable. However, the probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter, despite its low computational complexity, is not suitable for MTT in low SNR. The generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli (GLMB) filter and its fast implementation are unsuitable for realtime MTT due to their high computational complexity. To achieve realtime MTT in low SNR, a joint PHD filter and Hungarian assignment algorithm is first proposed in this work. The PHD filter is used for preliminary tracking of targets while the Hungarian assignment algorithm is employed to complete the association process. To improve the tracking performance in low SNR, a new track must undergo a trial period and a valid track will be terminated only if it is not detected for several frames. The simulation results show that the proposed MTT algorithm can achieve stable tracking performance in low SNR with small computational complexity. The proposed filter can be applied to MTT in low SNR that require realtime implementation.
Published: 2023

24. Measurement report: Rapid decline of aerosol absorption coefficient and aerosol optical property effects on radiative forcing in an urban area of Beijing from 2018 to 2021

Author: X. Hu, J. Sun, C. Xia, X. Shen, Y. Zhang, Q. Liu, Z. Liu, S. Zhang, J. Wang, A. Yu, J. Lu, S. Liu, and X. Zhang
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Reliable observations of aerosol optical properties are crucial for quantifying the radiative forcing of climate. The simultaneous measurements of aerosol optical properties at three wavelengths for PM1 and PM10 were conducted in urban Beijing from March 2018 to February 2022. The aerosol absorption coefficient (σab) at 550 nm of PM10 and PM1 decreased by 55.0 % and 53.5 % from 2018 to 2021. The significant reduction in σab may be related to reduced primary emissions caused by effective air pollution control measures. PM2.5 mass concentration decreased by 34.4 % from 2018 to 2021. Single scattering albedo (SSA) increased from 0.89±0.04 for PM10 (0.87±0.05 for PM1) in 2018 to 0.93±0.03 for PM10 (0.91±0.04 for PM1) in 2021. Increasing SSA and decreasing PM2.5 mass concentration suggest that the fraction of absorbing aerosols decreased with improved air quality due to pollution control measures being taken. The annual average submicron absorption ratio (Rab) increased from 86.1 % in 2018 to 89.2 % in 2021, suggesting that fine particles are the main contributors to total PM10 absorption and that the contribution of fine particles to absorption became more important. The absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) in winter decreased from 2018 to 2021, implying a decreasing contribution from brown carbon to light absorption, which may relate to the reduced emissions of biomass burning and coal combustion. During the study period, aerosol radiative forcing efficiency became more negative, mainly influenced by increasing SSA and was −27.0 and −26.2 W m−2 per aerosol optical depth (AOD) for PM10 and PM1 in 2021. Higher σab and PM2.5 mass concentrations were primarily distributed in clusters 4 and 5, transported from the south and the west of Beijing each year. σab and PM2.5 corresponding to clusters 4 and 5 decreased evidently from 2018 to 2021, which may result from the control of source emissions in surrounding regions of Beijing. The 4-year data presented in this study provide critical optical parameters for radiative forcing assessment within two size ranges and are helpful for evaluating the effectiveness of clean air action.
Published: 2023
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25. Rehybridization dynamics into the pericyclic minimum of an electrocyclic reaction imaged in real-time

Author: Y. Liu, D. M. Sanchez, M. R. Ware, E. G. Champenois, J. Yang, J. P. F. Nunes, A. Attar, M. Centurion, J. P. Cryan, R. Forbes, K. Hegazy, M. C. Hoffmann, F. Ji, M.-F. Lin, D. Luo, S. K. Saha, X. Shen, X. J. Wang, T. J. Martínez, and T. J. A. Wolf
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract Electrocyclic reactions are characterized by the concerted formation and cleavage of both σ and π bonds through a cyclic structure. This structure is known as a pericyclic transition state for thermal reactions and a pericyclic minimum in the excited state for photochemical reactions. However, the structure of the pericyclic geometry has yet to be observed experimentally. We use a combination of ultrafast electron diffraction and excited state wavepacket simulations to image structural dynamics through the pericyclic minimum of a photochemical electrocyclic ring-opening reaction in the molecule α-terpinene. The structural motion into the pericyclic minimum is dominated by rehybridization of two carbon atoms, which is required for the transformation from two to three conjugated π bonds. The σ bond dissociation largely happens after internal conversion from the pericyclic minimum to the electronic ground state. These findings may be transferrable to electrocyclic reactions in general.
Published: 2023
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26. C-Coupler3.0: an integrated coupler infrastructure for Earth system modelling

Author: L. Liu, C. Sun, X. Yu, H. Yu, Q. Jiang, X. Li, R. Li, B. Wang, X. Shen, and G. Yang
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: The community coupler (C-Coupler) for Earth system modelling is a coupler family that was developed in China in 2010. C-Coupler3.0, the latest version, is fully compatible with the previous version, C-Coupler2, and is an integrated infrastructure with new features, i.e. a series of parallel-optimization technologies for accelerating coupling initialization and reducing memory usage, a common halo-exchange library for developing a parallel version of a model, a common module-integration framework for integrating a software module (e.g. a flux algorithm, a parameterization scheme, and a data assimilation method), a common framework for conveniently developing a weakly coupled ensemble data assimilation system, and a common framework for flexibly inputting and outputting fields in parallel. Specifically, C-Coupler3.0 is able to handle coupling under much finer resolutions (e.g. more than 100 million horizontal grid cells) with fast coupling initialization and successful generation of remapping-weight files.
Published: 2023
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27. The effects of nano-additives on the mechanical, impact, vibration, and buckling/post-buckling properties of composites: A review

Author: L. Shan, C.Y. Tan, X. Shen, S. Ramesh, M.S. Zarei, R. Kolahchi, and M.H. Hajmohammad
Subjects: Nanocomposite, Nanoparticle, Mechanical properties, Thermal behavior, Graphene, MWCNTs, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract: This study presents a review of the effect of nano-additives in improving the mechanical properties of composites. Nano-additives added to composites, also termed nanocomposites, have promising applications in aerospace, medical, biomedical, automotive, and military. The nanoparticles alter either the surface, bulk, or both, depending upon the process, and dramatically change the thermal conductivity, tensile strength, flexural strength, fatigue strength, impact resistance, vibration resistance, buckling, post-buckling, nanoparticles surface modification, and application of machine learning as well as optimization methods in nanocomposite materials. Such transformations in composite materials are extensively studied by researchers and positive implications are successfully deployed in various applications. Interestingly, the recent findings revealed that the weak chemical bonding between the fiber and matrix phase is the main reason for delamination, however, by the addition of nanoparticles, the chances of delamination are reduced even under excessive loading. Graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are the most excessively reported nanomaterials for enhancing the vibration behavior and energy absorption capacity, as well as decreasing the adverse effects due to porosity within the composite structure. Also, machine learning techniques showed to be a promising way to further improve the mechanical properties while reducing the total cost of the fabrication process by predicting and providing optimum fabrication characteristics with acceptable accuracy compared to realistic conditions.
Published: 2023
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28. Subglacial lake activity beneath the ablation zone of the Greenland Ice Sheet

Author: Y. Fan, C.-Q. Ke, X. Shen, Y. Xiao, S. J. Livingstone, and A. J. Sole
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Hydrologically active subglacial lakes can drain large volumes of water and sediment along subglacial pathways, affecting the motion and mass balance of ice masses and impacting downstream sediment dynamics. To date, only eight active lakes have been reported beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), and thus the understanding of their spatial distribution and dynamic processes is still lacking. Here, using ICESat-2 (Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2) ATL11 data, we identify 18 active subglacial lakes, 16 of which have not been previously reported. Multi-temporal ArcticDEM (digital elevation model of the Arctic) strip maps were used to extend the time series to verify lakes and determine their drainage history. The identification of active subglacial lakes beneath the GrIS is complicated by the occurrence of supraglacial lakes, which also fill and drain and are hypothesized to be almost co-located. We therefore used the temporal pattern of ice-surface elevation change to discriminate subglacial lakes and utilized the ability of ICESat-2 to penetrate through surface water to correct the elevation provided by the ATL11 data. A significant localized elevation anomaly (−16.03–10.30 m yr−1) was measured in all detected subglacial lakes after correction, revealing that six subglacial lakes are twinned with supraglacial lakes. The active subglacial lakes have large upstream hydrological catchments and are located near or below the equilibrium line. Lakes have a median area of 1.20 km2, and 12 lakes exhibited positive elevation-change rates during the ICESat-2 period. These observations illustrate the potential for combining ICESat-2 and the ArcticDEM to differentiate small subglacial lakes in the ablation zone and beneath supraglacial lakes.
Published: 2023
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29. Reversal of spin-polarization near the Fermi level of the Rashba semiconductor BiTeCl

Author: J. Qu, X. Han, S. Sakamoto, C. J. Jia, J. Liu, H. Li, D. Guan, Y.-J. Zeng, M. Schüler, P. S. Kirchmann, B. Moritz, Z. Hussain, T. P. Devereaux, Z.-X. Shen, and J. A. Sobota
Subjects: Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Atomic physics. Constitution and properties of matter, QC170-197
Abstract: Abstract Spin–orbit coupling forms the physical basis for quantum materials with non-trivial topology and potential spintronics applications. The Rashba interaction is a textbook model of spin–orbit interactions, with charge carriers undergoing linear, isotropic spin-splitting in momentum space. Recently, non-centrosymmetric semiconductors in the family BiTeX (X = Cl, Br, I) have been identified as exemplary Rashba materials due to the strong splitting of their bulk bands, yet a detailed investigation of their spin textures, and their relationships to local crystal symmetry, is currently lacking. We perform high-efficiency spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to directly image the spin texture of surface states of BiTeCl, and we find dramatic deviations from idealized behavior, including a reversal of the spin-polarization near the Fermi level. We show that this behavior can be described by higher-order contributions to the canonical Rashba model with the surface states localized to individual trilayers of the crystal. Due to the prominence of these effects near the Fermi level, they should have a strong impact on the spin-dependent transport of carriers.
Published: 2023
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30. Direct intranodal tonsil vaccination with modified vaccinia Ankara vaccine protects macaques from highly pathogenic SIVmac251

Author: Jeffy G. Mattathil, Asisa Volz, Olusegun O. Onabajo, Sean Maynard, Sandra L. Bixler, Xiaoying X. Shen, Diego Vargas-Inchaustegui, Marjorie Robert-Guroff, Celia Lebranche, Georgia Tomaras, David Montefiori, Gerd Sutter, and Joseph J. Mattapallil
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Mucosal surfaces are a primary route of HIV entry, yet the compartmentalisation between mucosal and peripheral immune systems remain a challenge for HIV vaccine candidates. Authors utilise a combination of intranodal tonsil MALT and systemic vaccination in the rhesus macaque model to explore immune responses and protection from highly pathogenic simian homologue of HIV.
Published: 2023
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31. Using large ensembles to quantify the impact of sudden stratospheric warmings and their precursors on the North Atlantic Oscillation

Author: P. E. Bett, A. A. Scaife, S. C. Hardiman, H. E. Thornton, X. Shen, L. Wang, and B. Pang
Subjects: Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract: Sudden-stratospheric-warming (SSW) events are often followed by significant weather and climate impacts at the surface. By affecting the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), SSWs can lead to periods of extreme cold in parts of Europe and North America. Previous studies have used observations and free-running climate models to try to identify features of the atmosphere prior to an SSW that can determine the subsequent impact at the surface. However, the limited observational record makes it difficult to accurately quantify these relationships. Here, we instead use a large ensemble of seasonal hindcasts. We first test whether the hindcasts reproduce the observed characteristics of SSWs and their surface signature. We find that the simulations are statistically indistinguishable from the observations, in terms of the overall risk of an SSW per winter (56 %), the frequency of SSWs with negative NAO responses (65 %), the magnitude of the NAO responses, and the frequency of wavenumber-2-dominated SSWs (26 %). We also assess the relationships between prior conditions and the NAO response in the 30 d following an SSW. We find that there is little information in the precursor state to guide differences in the subsequent NAO behaviour between one SSW and another, reflecting the substantial natural variability between SSW events. The strongest relationships with the NAO response are from pre-SSW sea level pressure anomalies over the polar cap and from zonal-wind anomalies in the lower stratosphere, both exhibiting correlations of around 0.3. The pre-SSW NAO has little bearing on its post-SSW state. The strength of the pre-SSW zonal-wind anomalies at 10 hPa is also not significantly correlated with the NAO response. Finally, we find that the mean NAO response in the first 10 d following wave-2-dominated SSWs is much more strongly negative than in wave-1 cases. However, the subsequent response in days 11–30 is very similar regardless of the dominant wavenumber. In all cases, the composite mean responses are the result of very broad distributions from individual SSW events, necessitating a probabilistic analysis using large ensembles.
Published: 2023
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32. Energy Efficient Computation Offloading in Mobile Edge Computing

Author: Ying Chen 0010, Ning Zhang 0007, Yuan Wu 0001, and Sherman X. Shen
Published: 2022
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33. SCAN-VS-BIM FOR REAL-TIME PROGRESS MONITORING OF BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Author: Z. Jiang, X. Shen, M. H. Ibrahimkhil, K. Barati, and J. Linke
Subjects: Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract: New transport infrastructure construction can stimulate the growth of economy as well as improving the public citizen welfare. However, with the rising number of mega infrastructure projects, the low project performance, such as project delay and cost escalation, are challenging the traditional Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. Traditional Construction progress monitoring methods rely on manual data collecting and paperwork reporting which can be labor-intensive, time-consuming and error-prone. Therefore, it is necessary for the involved stakeholders to introduce advanced technologies which facilitates assessing the construction performance automatically and ensures the projects to be delivered on time. The application of building information modeling (BIM) provides involved parties an accurate understandable single source of truth that can improve the interoperability of project information. Nevertheless, current ‘Scan-to-BIM’ workflow cannot support the demand for real-time data analysis and status reporting. This paper presents a semi-automatic construction progress monitoring framework that evaluating the project performance of the infrastructure in real-time. It introduces Hausdorff distance which transmits the 3-D geometrical information contained by as-built point cloud to virtual point cloud directly, to avoid the drawbacks of space partitioning algorithms. The Poisson surface reconstruction utilizing volume as criterion to improve the robustness of progress determination. In addition, the application of 2D polygon fitting provides a potentially feasible method to identify the installation of pre-cast components of the bridge construction. The results indicate that the proposed framework can effectively monitor the geometric increment of road bridge construction project.
Published: 2022
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34. EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF HIGH LEVEL-OF-DETAIL TREE MODELS IN MICROCLIMATE SIMULATION

Author: H. Xu, C. C. Wang, X. Shen, and S. Zlatanova
Subjects: Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract: Present urbanization influences urban morphology by the increasing number of dense buildings and infrastructure, which effects climate change. Microclimate simulations including urban vegetation help in mitigating climate change. Most of existing microclimate simulations simplify trees and thereby may introduce some erroneous estimates. Tree models of high levels of detail (LOD) can provide a more accurate measure. Technology advances make it possible to reconstruct detailed tree models, which can be further used in microclimate simulations. However, the few studies presenting detailed tree models focus predominantly on the reconstruction process and omit the microclimate simulations. The objective of this study is to investigate high LOD tree models in microclimate simulation to estimate the potential gain in accuracy. This study focuses on voxel-based tree models and microclimate simulations using computer fluid dynamics software. A series of microclimate simulations are completed in two scenarios, which are single tree and a set of trees with buildings. Based on the simulation results, the advantages of detailed voxel tree models are demonstrated. Final discussion elaborates on the needed and preferred levels of detail for tree models.
Published: 2022
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35. AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND DIMENSIONAL MEASUREMENT OF MINOR CONCRETE CRACKS WITH CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

Author: Y. Guo, Z. Wang, X. Shen, K. Barati, and J. Linke
Subjects: Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract: The increasing number of aging infrastructures has drawn attention among the industry as the results caused by critical infrastructure failure could be destructive. It is essential to monitor the infrastructure assets and provide timely maintenance. However, one of the crucial problems is that the budget allocated to the maintenance stage is much less than that for the designing and construction stages. The cost of labor, equipment, and vehicles are significant. Therefore, it is impossible to perform a thorough inspection by human inspectors over each asset. A more efficient method will be needed to solve this problem. This paper aims to provide an automatic approach to detecting and measuring the dimensions of minor cracks that appear on concrete structures with a noisy background. This research also investigates the relationship between image pixel size, accuracy, detection rate of cracks, and shooting distance of images. The proposed method will be able to reduce the cost and increase accuracy. A case study was performed on a concrete sewer with cracks distributed on the surface in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Published: 2022
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36. Brief communication: Western Europe flood in 2021 – mapping agriculture flood exposure from synthetic aperture radar (SAR)

Author: K. He, Q. Yang, X. Shen, and E. N. Anagnostou
Subjects: Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: In this communication, we present the exposure of agricultural lands to the flooding caused by extreme precipitation in western Europe from 12 to 15 July 2021. Overlaying the flood inundation maps derived from the near-real-time RAdar-Produced Inundation Diary (RAPID) system on the Coordination of information on the environment (CORINE) Land Cover map we estimate a 1920 km2 area affected by the flooding, with 64 % representing agricultural land. Among the inundated agricultural land, 36 % of the area is pastures while 34 % is arable land. Most agricultural flood exposure is found in eastern France along the Rhône River, the southern Netherlands along the Meuse River, and western Germany along the Rhine River.
Published: 2022
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37. Amplitude analysis and branching fraction measurement of D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → K − K + π + π + π −

Author: The BESIII collaboration, M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson, S. Ahmed, M. Albrecht, R. Aliberti, A. Amoroso, M. R. An, Q. An, X. H. Bai, Y. Bai, O. Bakina, R. Baldini Ferroli, I. Balossino, Y. Ban, K. Begzsuren, N. Berger, M. Bertani, D. Bettoni, F. Bianchi, J. Bloms, A. Bortone, I. Boyko, R. A. Briere, H. Cai, X. Cai, A. Calcaterra, G. F. Cao, N. Cao, S. A. Cetin, J. F. Chang, W. L. Chang, G. Chelkov, D. Y. Chen, G. Chen, H. S. Chen, M. L. Chen, S. J. Chen, X. R. Chen, Y. B. Chen, Z. J Chen, W. S. Cheng, G. Cibinetto, F. Cossio, X. F. Cui, H. L. Dai, X. C. Dai, A. Dbeyssi, R. E. de Boer, D. Dedovich, Z. Y. Deng, A. Denig, I. Denysenko, M. Destefanis, F. De Mori, Y. Ding, C. Dong, J. Dong, L. Y. Dong, M. Y. Dong, X. Dong, S. X. Du, Y. L. Fan, J. Fang, S. S. Fang, Y. Fang, R. Farinelli, L. Fava, F. Feldbauer, G. Felici, C. Q. Feng, J. H. Feng, M. Fritsch, C. D. Fu, Y. Gao, Y. G. Gao, I. Garzia, P. T. Ge, C. Geng, E. M. Gersabeck, A Gilman, K. Goetzen, L. Gong, W. X. Gong, W. Gradl, M. Greco, L. M. Gu, M. H. Gu, S. Gu, Y. T. Gu, C. Y Guan, A. Q. Guo, L. B. Guo, R. P. Guo, Y. P. Guo, A. Guskov, T. T. Han, W. Y. Han, X. Q. Hao, F. A. Harris, K. L. He, F. H. Heinsius, C. H. Heinz, T. Held, Y. K. Heng, C. Herold, M. Himmelreich, T. Holtmann, G. Y. Hou, Y. R. Hou, Z. L. Hou, H. M. Hu, J. F. Hu, T. Hu, Y. Hu, G. S. Huang, L. Q. Huang, X. T. Huang, Y. P. Huang, Z. Huang, T. Hussain, N Hüsken, W. Ikegami Andersson, W. Imoehl, M. Irshad, S. Jaeger, S. Janchiv, Q. Ji, Q. P. Ji, X. B. Ji, X. L. Ji, Y. Y. Ji, H. B. Jiang, X. S. Jiang, J. B. Jiao, Z. Jiao, S. Jin, Y. Jin, M. Q. Jing, T. Johansson, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, X. S. Kang, R. Kappert, M. Kavatsyuk, B. C. Ke, I. K. Keshk, A. Khoukaz, P. Kiese, R. Kiuchi, R. Kliemt, L. Koch, O. B. Kolcu, B. Kopf, M. Kuemmel, M. Kuessner, A. Kupsc, M. G. Kurth, W. Kühn, J. J. Lane, J. S. Lange, P. Larin, A. Lavania, L. Lavezzi, Z. H. Lei, H. Leithoff, M. Lellmann, T. Lenz, C. Li, C. H. Li, Cheng Li, D. M. Li, F. Li, G. Li, H. Li, H. B. Li, H. J. Li, J. L. Li, J. Q. Li, J. S. Li, Ke Li, L. K. Li, Lei Li, P. R. Li, S. Y. Li, W. D. Li, W. G. Li, X. H. Li, X. L. Li, Xiaoyu Li, Z. Y. Li, H. Liang, Y. F. Liang, Y. T. Liang, G. R. Liao, L. Z. Liao, J. Libby, C. X. Lin, B. J. Liu, C. X. Liu, D. Liu, F. H. Liu, Fang Liu, Feng Liu, H. B. Liu, H. M. Liu, Huanhuan Liu, Huihui Liu, J. B. Liu, J. L. Liu, J. Y. Liu, K. Liu, K. Y. Liu, L. Liu, M. H. Liu, P. L. Liu, Q. Liu, S. B. Liu, Shuai Liu, T. Liu, W. M. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. B. Liu, Z. A. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, X. C. Lou, F. X. Lu, H. J. Lu, J. D. Lu, J. G. Lu, X. L. Lu, Y. Lu, Y. P. Lu, C. L. Luo, M. X. Luo, P. W. Luo, T. Luo, X. L. Luo, X. R. Lyu, F. C. Ma, H. L. Ma, L. L. Ma, M. M. Ma, Q. M. Ma, R. Q. Ma, R. T. Ma, X. X. Ma, X. Y. Ma, F. E. Maas, M. Maggiora, S. Maldaner, S. Malde, Q. A. Malik, A. Mangoni, Y. J. Mao, Z. P. Mao, S. Marcello, Z. X. Meng, J. G. Messchendorp, G. Mezzadri, T. J. Min, R. E. Mitchell, X. H. Mo, Y. J. Mo, N. Yu Muchnoi, H. Muramatsu, S. Nakhoul, Y. Nefedov, F. Nerling, I. B. Nikolaev, Z. Ning, S. Nisar, S. L. Olsen, Q. Ouyang, S. Pacetti, X. Pan, Y. Pan, A. Pathak, P. Patteri, M. Pelizaeus, H. P. Peng, K. Peters, J. Pettersson, J. L. Ping, R. G. Ping, R. Poling, V. Prasad, H. Qi, H. R. Qi, K. H. Qi, M. Qi, T. Y. Qi, S. Qian, W. B. Qian, Z. Qian, C. F. Qiao, L. Q. Qin, X. P. Qin, X. S. Qin, Z. H. Qin, J. F. Qiu, S. Q. Qu, K. H. Rashid, K. Ravindran, C. F. Redmer, A. Rivetti, V. Rodin, M. Rolo, G. Rong, Ch. Rosner, M. Rump, H. S. Sang, A. Sarantsev, Y. Schelhaas, C. Schnier, K. Schoenning, M. Scodeggio, D. C. Shan, W. Shan, X. Y. Shan, J. F. Shangguan, M. Shao, C. P. Shen, H. F. Shen, P. X. Shen, X. Y. Shen, H. C. Shi, R. S. Shi, X. Shi, X. D Shi, J. J. Song, W. M. Song, Y. X. Song, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, K. X. Su, P. P. Su, F. F. Sui, G. X. Sun, H. K. Sun, J. F. Sun, L. Sun, S. S. Sun, T. Sun, W. Y. Sun, X Sun, Y. J. Sun, Y. K. Sun, Y. Z. Sun, Z. T. Sun, Y. H. Tan, Y. X. Tan, C. J. Tang, G. Y. Tang, J. Tang, J. X. Teng, V. Thoren, W. H. Tian, Y. T. Tian, I. Uman, B. Wang, C. W. Wang, D. Y. Wang, H. J. Wang, H. P. Wang, K. Wang, L. L. Wang, M. Wang, M. Z. Wang, Meng Wang, W. Wang, W. H. Wang, W. P. Wang, X. Wang, X. F. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. D. Wang, Y. F. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, Y. Y. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Y. Wang, Ziyi Wang, Zongyuan Wang, D. H. Wei, F. Weidner, S. P. Wen, D. J. White, U. Wiedner, G. Wilkinson, M. Wolke, L. Wollenberg, J. F. Wu, L. H. Wu, L. J. Wu, X. Wu, Z. Wu, L. Xia, H. Xiao, S. Y. Xiao, Z. J. Xiao, X. H. Xie, Y. G. Xie, Y. H. Xie, T. Y. Xing, G. F. Xu, Q. J. Xu, W. Xu, X. P. Xu, Y. C. Xu, F. Yan, L. Yan, W. B. Yan, W. C. Yan, Xu Yan, H. J. Yang, H. X. Yang, L. Yang, S. L. Yang, Y. X. Yang, Yifan Yang, Zhi Yang, M. Ye, M. H. Ye, J. H. Yin, Z. Y. You, B. X. Yu, C. X. Yu, G. Yu, J. S. Yu, T. Yu, C. Z. Yuan, L. Yuan, X. Q. Yuan, Y. Yuan, Z. Y. Yuan, C. X. Yue, A. A. Zafar, X. Zeng, Y. Zeng, A. Q. Zhang, B. X. Zhang, Guangyi Zhang, H. Zhang, H. H. Zhang, H. Y. Zhang, J. J. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, J. Q. Zhang, J. W. Zhang, J. Y. Zhang, J. Z. Zhang, Jianyu Zhang, Jiawei Zhang, L. M. Zhang, L. Q. Zhang, Lei Zhang, S. Zhang, S. F. Zhang, Shulei Zhang, X. D. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. T. Zhang, Y. H. Zhang, Yan Zhang, Yao Zhang, Z. H. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, G. Zhao, J. Zhao, J. Y. Zhao, J. Z. Zhao, Lei Zhao, Ling Zhao, M. G. Zhao, Q. Zhao, S. J. Zhao, Y. B. Zhao, Y. X. Zhao, Z. G. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, B. Zheng, J. P. Zheng, Y. Zheng, Y. H. Zheng, B. Zhong, C. Zhong, L. P. Zhou, Q. Zhou, X. Zhou, X. K. Zhou, X. R. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, A. N. Zhu, J. Zhu, K. Zhu, K. J. Zhu, S. H. Zhu, T. J. Zhu, W. J. Zhu, X. Y. Zhu, Y. C. Zhu, Z. A. Zhu, B. S. Zou, and J. H. Zou
Subjects: Branching fraction, Charm Physics, e +-e − Experiments, Particle and Resonance Production, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Using e + e − annihilation data corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb −1 collected at the center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV with the BESIII detector, we perform an amplitude analysis of the decay D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → K − K + π + π + π − and determine the relative fractions and phases of different intermediate processes. Absolute branching fraction of D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → K − K + π + π + π − decay is measured to be (6.60 ± 0.47stat. ± 0.38syst. ) × 10 −3. The dominant intermediate process is D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → a 1(1260)+ ϕ, ϕ → K − K + , a 1(1260)+ → ρπ + , ρ → π + π − , with a branching fraction of (5.15 ± 0.41stat. ± 0.32syst. ) × 10 −3.
Published: 2022
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38. A new digital elevation model (DEM) dataset of the entire Antarctic continent derived from ICESat-2

Author: X. Shen, C.-Q. Ke, Y. Fan, and L. Drolma
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Antarctic digital elevation models (DEMs) are essential for fieldwork, ice motion tracking and the numerical modelling of the ice sheet. In the past 30 years, several Antarctic DEMs derived from satellite data have been published. However, these DEMs either have coarse spatial resolution or aggregate observations spanning several years, which limit their further scientific applications. In this study, the new generation satellite laser altimeter Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) is used to generate a new Antarctic DEM for both the ice sheet and ice shelves. Approximately 4.69 × 109 ICESat-2 measurement points from November 2018 to November 2019 are used to estimate surface elevations at resolutions of 500 m and 1 km based on a spatiotemporal fitting method. Approximately 74 % of Antarctica is observed and the remaining observation gaps are interpolated using the normal kriging method. The DEM is formed from the estimated elevations in 500 m and 1 km grid cells, and is finally posted at the resolution of 500 m. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Operation IceBridge (OIB) airborne data are used to evaluate the generated Antarctic DEM (hereafter called the ICESat-2 DEM) in individual Antarctic regions and surface types. Overall, a median bias of −0.19 m and a root-mean-square deviation of 10.83 m result from approximately 5.2 × 106 OIB measurement points. The accuracy and uncertainty of the ICESat-2 DEM vary in relation to the surface slope and roughness, and more reliable estimates are found in the flat ice sheet interior. The ICESat-2 DEM is comparable to other DEMs derived from altimetry, stereophotogrammetry and interferometry. Similar results are found when comparing to elevation measurements from kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) (GPS and the Russian GLONASS) transects. The elevations of high accuracy and ability of annual updates make the ICESat-2 DEM an addition to the existing Antarctic DEM groups, and it can be further used for other scientific applications. The generated ICESat-2 DEM (including the map of uncertainty) can be downloaded from National Tibetan Plateau Data Center, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences at https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/en/disallow/9427069c-117e-4ff8-96e0-4b18eb7782cb/ (last access: 27 June 2022) (Shen et al., 2021a, https://doi.org/10.11888/Geogra.tpdc.271448).
Published: 2022
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39. A review on fabrication techniques and tensile properties of glass, carbon, and Kevlar fiber reinforced rolymer composites

Author: M.S.H. Al-Furjan, L. Shan, X. Shen, M.S. Zarei, M.H. Hajmohammad, and R. Kolahchi
Subjects: GFRP, CFRP, AFRP, Tensile testing, Stress, Displacement, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract: The reduction of both energy consumption and production/maintenance costs in the industry requires the use of advanced engineering materials with remarkable features, including lightweight and long-term service life. As one of the advanced engineering materials, composites are widely applied in industry and civilian daily life. Nevertheless, there are some mechanical factors such as tensile strength restricting the application of such a material. To this end, this study is aimed to comprehensively review the recent research on the effects of fabrication characteristics on the tensile resistance of GFRP, CFRP, and AFRP composites. As revealed by recent progress, the epoxy resin is an advisable option for the production of high-performance polymeric composites due to the remarkable tensility, compression, and corrosion resistance. However, the high cost of epoxy resin is not favorable for mass production. In hybrid composites, stacking sequence is a vital factor that determines the ultimate tensile strength. In terms of higher mechanical performance, some researchers suggested using Kevlar fibers with woven orientation alongside the Carbon as axial fibers. At the same time, it is essential to carefully establish the value of fiber volume fraction. Otherwise, this can lead to dramatic internal defects such as agglomeration. In general, this review article was performed to investigate the impacts of composite fabrication characteristics such as fabrication method, reinforcing fibers orientation, fiber type, matrix phase type, and volume fraction of reinforcing phase on the tensile properties of composites used in aerospace, military, civil constructions, and automotive applications. In addition, the authors tried their best to make this research a credible source in the field of mechanical properties of CFRP, GFRP, and AFRP composites for future studies of other researchers.
Published: 2022
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40. A high-concentrate diet induces an inflammatory response and oxidative stress and depresses milk fat synthesis in the mammary gland of dairy cows

Author: N. Ma, J.A. Abaker, G. Wei, H. Chen, X. Shen, and G. Chang
Subjects: high-concentrate diet, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, milk fat depression, mammary gland, Dairy processing. Dairy products, SF250.5-275, Dairying, SF221-250
Abstract: ABSTRACT: Although high-concentrate diet feeding can temporarily increase milk production, it can cause a series of metabolic diseases, such as subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) and milk fat depression. The main purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of a high-concentrate diet on the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and milk fat synthesis in the mammary gland of dairy cows. Twelve Holstein cows equipped with rumen fistulas were randomly divided into 2 groups, each with 6 cows, fed a low-concentrate diet (LC) and a high-concentrate diet (HC). On d 20 and 21 of the experiment, rumen fluid was collected to measure pH, and milk samples were collected for milk component analysis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration testing. On d 21, mammary vein blood was collected to detect the LPS concentration. At the end of the 21-d experimental period, mammary gland tissue was collected, and the expression of inflammatory response-, oxidative stress-, and milk fat synthesis-related genes and proteins in the mammary gland was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot. The pH of rumen fluid in the HC group was significantly lower than that in the LC group, and the pH of 2 time points in the HC group was lower than 5.6, indicating that a high-concentrate diet induced SARA. The LPS concentration of the peripheral blood in HC group increased significantly compared with that in the LC group. For the inflammatory response, the proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1α) and innate immune factors (lingual antimicrobial peptide and tracheal antimicrobial peptide) in the mammary gland of the HC group were significantly increased, and the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway was activated. For oxidative stress, after HC diet feeding, the content of malondialdehyde in mammary vein blood and mammary gland tissue increased, the content of glutathione in mammary vein blood decreased, the activity of superoxide dismutase and the total antioxidant capacity in mammary gland tissue and mammary vein blood decreased, and the expression of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant transcription factor nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2) in mammary gland decreased. For milk fat metabolism, HC diet feeding reduced the milk fat content in milk samples and the triacylglycerol content in the mammary gland and inhibited the expression of de novo synthase (ACACA and FASN), long-chain fatty acid converting enzymes (ACSL1 and SCD), fatty acid transporters (CD36, FATP, FABP3, and LPL), triacylglycerol synthase (AGPAT6, DGAT1, and LPIN1), lipid droplet releasing enzyme (PLIN1), and transcription factors sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP1) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG). In summary, a HC diet can induce SARA with increased concentration of LPS in the peripheral vein, stimulate inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress, and inhibit milk fat synthesis in the mammary gland of dairy cows.
Published: 2022
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41. Modelling and predictive investigation on the vibration response of a propeller shaft based on a convolutional neural network

Author: X. Shen, Q. Huang, and G. Xiong
Subjects: Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract: It is crucial to detect the working state of a propeller shaft in real time, as its vibration affects the safety of the marine propulsion system directly. With the difficulty of obtaining an accurate signal due to the particularity of propeller shaft, a suitable method for estimating the vibration response of propeller shaft is proposed in this paper. The nonlinear relationship of vibration signals between the bearing and propeller shaft is obtained by fitting the existing data sets with various neural networks. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated through a prediction of shaft vibration on the basis of a shaft experimental platform. Moreover, the optimal model of the neural network is obtained by comparing the influence of different hyper parameters and network models. The results indicate a prediction accuracy of over 95 % of the shaft vibration in the lower frequency band for a convolutional neural network. Therefore, the research provides an easier maintenance method for predicting the real-time monitoring for the vibration response of the propeller shaft.
Published: 2022
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42. Power Optimization in Device to Device Communications Underlying 5G Cellular Networks

Author: Q. Wang and X. Shen
Subjects: 5g cellular networks, device to device communications, power optimization, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: This paper investigates consumed power minimization and robust beamforming designs in the base station (BTS) in Device to Device (D2D) communications underlying the 5G cellular network. It is supposed that BTS is not aware of the channel state information (CSI), and only an approximation of their covariance is available. Therefore, based on the estimation error of CSI covariance matrices two optimization models are presented to minimize the power consumption and robust beamforming designs. The first model assumes that the upper bound of the estimation errors is limited to their Frobenius norms. So, the main objective of the first model is to calculate the beamforming at the BTS in such a way that the power consumption of the base station is minimized under the constraint that the SINR (signal-to-interference plus noise ratio) of all cellular users is guaranteed to be above a specified predetermined threshold. The second model considers the statistical distribution of the estimation error is known, and a probabilistic model is considered for the uncertainty of CSI covariance matrices. In this sense, the power consumption of the BTS is minimized in such a way that the non-outage probabilities of users are guaranteed to be above a certain predefined threshold. Although these optimization problems are non-convex, it is shown that they can be reformulated to a convex form using a semi-definite relaxation technique to obtain their lower bounds. The simulation results verify that the proposed methods perform much better than the Hybrid MRT-ZF, ZFBF and MRT beamforming methods.
Published: 2022

43. Amplitude analysis and branching-fraction measurement of D s + $$ {\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{s}}^{+} $$ → π + π 0 η′

Author: The BESIII collaboration, M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson, S. Ahmed, M. Albrecht, R. Aliberti, A. Amoroso, M. R. An, Q. An, X. H. Bai, Y. Bai, O. Bakina, R. B. Ferroli, I. Balossino, Y. Ban, K. Begzsuren, N. Berger, M. Bertani, D. Bettoni, F. Bianchi, J. Bloms, A. Bortone, I. Boyko, R. A. Briere, H. Cai, X. Cai, A. Calcaterra, G. F. Cao, N. Cao, S. A. Cetin, J. F. Chang, W. L. Chang, G. Chelkov, D. Y. Chen, G. Chen, H. S. Chen, M. L. Chen, S. J. Chen, X. R. Chen, Y. B. Chen, Z. J. Chen, W. S. Cheng, G. Cibinetto, F. Cossio, X. F. Cui, H. L. Dai, X. C. Dai, A. Dbeyssi, R. E. de Boer, D. Dedovich, Z. Y. Deng, A. Denig, I. Denysenko, M. Destefanis, F. De Mori, Y. Ding, C. Dong, J. Dong, L. Y. Dong, M. Y. Dong, X. Dong, S. X. Du, Y. L. Fan, J. Fang, S. S. Fang, Y. Fang, R. Farinelli, L. Fava, F. Feldbauer, G. Felici, C. Q. Feng, J. H. Feng, M. Fritsch, C. D. Fu, Y. Gao, Y. G. Gao, I. Garzia, P. T. Ge, C. Geng, E. M. Gersabeck, A. Gilman, K. Goetzen, L. Gong, W. X. Gong, W. Gradl, M. Greco, L. M. Gu, M. H. Gu, S. Gu, Y. T. Gu, C. Y. Guan, A. Q. Guo, L. B. Guo, R. P. Guo, Y. P. Guo, A. Guskov, T. T. Han, W. Y. Han, X. Q. Hao, F. A. Harris, K. L. He, F. H. Heinsius, C. H. Heinz, T. Held, Y. K. Heng, C. Herold, M. Himmelreich, T. Holtmann, G. Y. Hou, Y. R. Hou, Z. L. Hou, H. M. Hu, J. F. Hu, T. Hu, Y. Hu, G. S. Huang, L. Q. Huang, X. T. Huang, Y. P. Huang, Z. Huang, T. Hussain, N. Hüsken, W. I. Andersson, W. Imoehl, M. Irshad, S. Jaeger, S. Janchiv, Q. Ji, Q. P. Ji, X. B. Ji, X. L. Ji, Y. Y. Ji, H. B. Jiang, X. S. Jiang, J. B. Jiao, Z. Jiao, S. Jin, Y. Jin, M. Q. Jing, T. Johansson, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, X. S. Kang, R. Kappert, M. Kavatsyuk, B. C. Ke, I. K. Keshk, A. Khoukaz, P. Kiese, R. Kiuchi, R. Kliemt, L. Koch, O. B. Kolcu, B. Kopf, M. Kuemmel, M. Kuessner, A. Kupsc, M. G. Kurth, W. Kühn, J. J. Lane, J. S. Lange, P. Larin, A. Lavania, L. Lavezzi, Z. H. Lei, H. Leithoff, M. Lellmann, T. Lenz, C. Li, C. H. Li, D. M. Li, F. Li, G. Li, H. Li, H. B. Li, H. J. Li, J. L. Li, J. Q. Li, J. S. Li, K. Li, L. K. Li, L. Li, P. R. Li, S. Y. Li, W. D. Li, W. G. Li, X. H. Li, X. L. Li, X. Li, Z. Y. Li, H. Liang, Y. F. Liang, Y. T. Liang, G. R. Liao, L. Z. Liao, J. Libby, C. X. Lin, B. J. Liu, C. X. Liu, D. Liu, F. H. Liu, F. Liu, H. B. Liu, H. M. Liu, H. Liu, J. B. Liu, J. L. Liu, J. Y. Liu, K. Liu, K. Y. Liu, L. Liu, M. H. Liu, P. L. Liu, Q. Liu, S. B. Liu, S. Liu, T. Liu, W. M. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. B. Liu, Z. A. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, X. C. Lou, F. X. Lu, H. J. Lu, J. D. Lu, J. G. Lu, X. L. Lu, Y. Lu, Y. P. Lu, C. L. Luo, M. X. Luo, P. W. Luo, T. Luo, X. L. Luo, X. R. Lyu, F. C. Ma, H. L. Ma, L. L. Ma, M. M. Ma, Q. M. Ma, R. Q. Ma, R. T. Ma, X. X. Ma, X. Y. Ma, F. E. Maas, M. Maggiora, S. Maldaner, S. Malde, Q. A. Malik, A. Mangoni, Y. J. Mao, Z. P. Mao, S. Marcello, Z. X. Meng, J. G. Messchendorp, G. Mezzadri, T. J. Min, R. E. Mitchell, X. H. Mo, Y. J. Mo, N. Y. Muchnoi, H. Muramatsu, S. Nakhoul, Y. Nefedov, F. Nerling, I. B. Nikolaev, Z. Ning, S. Nisar, S. L. Olsen, Q. Ouyang, S. Pacetti, X. Pan, Y. Pan, A. Pathak, P. Patteri, M. Pelizaeus, H. P. Peng, K. Peters, J. Pettersson, J. L. Ping, R. G. Ping, R. Poling, V. Prasad, H. Qi, H. R. Qi, K. H. Qi, M. Qi, T. Y. Qi, S. Qian, W. B. Qian, Z. Qian, C. F. Qiao, L. Q. Qin, X. P. Qin, X. S. Qin, Z. H. Qin, J. F. Qiu, S. Q. Qu, K. H. Rashid, K. Ravindran, C. F. Redmer, A. Rivetti, V. Rodin, M. Rolo, G. Rong, C. Rosner, M. Rump, H. S. Sang, A. Sarantsev, Y. Schelhaas, C. Schnier, K. Schoenning, M. Scodeggio, D. C. Shan, W. Shan, X. Y. Shan, J. F. Shangguan, M. Shao, C. P. Shen, H. F. Shen, P. X. Shen, X. Y. Shen, H. C. Shi, R. S. Shi, X. Shi, X. D. Shi, J. J. Song, W. M. Song, Y. X. Song, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, K. X. Su, P. P. Su, F. F. Sui, G. X. Sun, H. K. Sun, J. F. Sun, L. Sun, S. S. Sun, T. Sun, W. Y. Sun, X. Sun, Y. J. Sun, Y. K. Sun, Y. Z. Sun, Z. T. Sun, Y. H. Tan, Y. X. Tan, C. J. Tang, G. Y. Tang, J. Tang, J. X. Teng, V. Thoren, W. H. Tian, Y. T. Tian, I. Uman, B. Wang, C. W. Wang, D. Y. Wang, H. J. Wang, H. P. Wang, K. Wang, L. L. Wang, M. Wang, M. Z. Wang, W. Wang, W. H. Wang, W. P. Wang, X. Wang, X. F. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. D. Wang, Y. F. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, Y. Y. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Y. Wang, D. H. Wei, F. Weidner, S. P. Wen, D. J. White, U. Wiedner, G. Wilkinson, M. Wolke, L. Wollenberg, J. F. Wu, L. H. Wu, L. J. Wu, X. Wu, Z. Wu, L. Xia, H. Xiao, S. Y. Xiao, Z. J. Xiao, X. H. Xie, Y. G. Xie, Y. H. Xie, T. Y. Xing, G. F. Xu, Q. J. Xu, W. Xu, X. P. Xu, Y. C. Xu, F. Yan, L. Yan, W. B. Yan, W. C. Yan, X. Yan, H. J. Yang, H. X. Yang, L. Yang, S. L. Yang, Y. X. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Yang, M. Ye, M. H. Ye, J. H. Yin, Z. Y. You, B. X. Yu, C. X. Yu, G. Yu, J. S. Yu, T. Yu, C. Z. Yuan, L. Yuan, X. Q. Yuan, Y. Yuan, Z. Y. Yuan, C. X. Yue, A. A. Zafar, X. Z. Zeng, Y. Zeng, A. Q. Zhang, B. X. Zhang, G. Zhang, H. Zhang, H. H. Zhang, H. Y. Zhang, J. J. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, J. Q. Zhang, J. W. Zhang, J. Y. Zhang, J. Z. Zhang, J. Zhang, L. M. Zhang, L. Q. Zhang, L. Zhang, S. Zhang, S. F. Zhang, X. D. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. T. Zhang, Y. H. Zhang, Z. H. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, G. Zhao, J. Zhao, J. Y. Zhao, J. Z. Zhao, L. Zhao, M. G. Zhao, Q. Zhao, S. J. Zhao, Y. B. Zhao, Y. X. Zhao, Z. G. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, B. Zheng, J. P. Zheng, Y. Zheng, Y. H. Zheng, B. Zhong, C. Zhong, L. P. Zhou, Q. Zhou, X. Zhou, X. K. Zhou, X. R. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, A. N. Zhu, J. Zhu, K. Zhu, K. J. Zhu, S. H. Zhu, T. J. Zhu, W. J. Zhu, X. Y. Zhu, Y. C. Zhu, Z. A. Zhu, B. S. Zou, and J. H. Zou
Subjects: Branching fraction, Charm Physics, e +-e − Experiments, Particle and Resonance Production, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Using data collected with the BESIII detector in e + e − collisions at center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV and corresponding to 6.32 fb −1 of integrated luminosity, we report the amplitude analysis and branching-fraction measurement of the D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → π + π 0 η′ decay. We find that the dominant intermediate process is D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → ρ + η′ and the significances of other resonant and nonresonant processes are all less than 3σ. The upper limits on the branching fractions of S-wave and P-wave nonresonant components are set to 0.10% and 0.74% at the 90% confidence level, respectively. In addition, the branching fraction of the D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → π + π 0 η′ decay is measured to be (6.15 ± 0.25(stat.) ± 0.18(syst.))%, which receives significant contribution only from D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → ρ + η′ according to the amplitude analysis.
Published: 2022
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44. A new Greenland digital elevation model derived from ICESat-2 during 2018–2019

Author: Y. Fan, C.-Q. Ke, and X. Shen
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Greenland digital elevation models (DEMs) are indispensable to fieldwork, ice velocity calculations, and mass change estimations. Previous DEMs have provided reasonable estimations for all of Greenland, but the time span of applied source data may lead to mass change estimation bias. To provide a DEM with a specific time stamp, we applied approximately 5.8×108 ICESat-2 observations from November 2018 to November 2019 to generate a new DEM, including the ice sheet and glaciers in peripheral Greenland. A spatiotemporal model fit process was performed at 500 m, 1 km, 2 km, and 5 km grid cells separately, and the final DEM was posted at the modal resolution of 500 m. A total of 98 % of the grids were obtained by the model fit, and the remaining DEM gaps were estimated via the ordinary Kriging interpolation method. Compared with IceBridge mission data acquired by the Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) lidar system, the ICESat-2 DEM was estimated to have a maximum median difference of −0.48 m. The performance of the grids obtained by model fit and interpolation was similar, both of which agreed well with the IceBridge data. DEM uncertainty rises in regions of low latitude and high slope or roughness. Furthermore, the ICESat-2 DEM showed significant accuracy improvements compared with other altimeter-derived DEMs, and the accuracy was comparable to those derived from stereophotogrammetry and interferometry. Overall, the ICESat-2 DEM showed excellent accuracy stability under various topographic conditions, which can provide a specific time-stamped DEM with high accuracy that will be useful to study Greenland elevation and mass balance changes. The Greenland DEM and its uncertainty are available at https://doi.org/10.11888/Geogra.tpdc.271336 (Fan et al., 2021).
Published: 2022
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45. Snow depth product over Antarctic sea ice from 2002 to 2020 using multisource passive microwave radiometers

Author: X. Shen, C.-Q. Ke, and H. Li
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Snow over sea ice controls energy budgets and affects sea ice growth and melting and thus has essential effects on the climate. Passive microwave radiometers can be used for basin-scale snow depth estimation at a daily scale; however, previously published methods applied to the Antarctic clearly underestimated snow depth, limiting their further application. Here, we estimated snow depth using passive microwave radiometers and a newly constructed, robust method by incorporating lower frequencies, which have been available from AMSR-E and AMSR-2 since 2002. A regression analysis using 7 years of Operation IceBridge (OIB) airborne snow depth measurements showed that the gradient ratio (GR) calculated using brightness temperatures in vertically polarized 37 and 7 GHz, i.e. GR(37/7), was optimal for deriving Antarctic snow depth, with a correlation coefficient of −0.64. We hence derived new coefficients based on GR(37/7) to improve the current snow depth estimation from passive microwave radiometers. Comparing the new retrieval with in situ measurements from the Australian Antarctic Data Centre showed that this method outperformed the previously available method (i.e. linear regression model based on GR(37/19)), with a mean difference of 5.64 cm and an RMSD of 13.79 cm, compared to values of −14.47 and 19.49 cm, respectively. A comparison to shipborne observations from Antarctic Sea Ice Processes and Climate indicated that in thin-ice regions, the proposed method performed slightly better than the previous method (with RMSDs of 16.85 and 17.61 cm, respectively). We generated a complete snow depth product over Antarctic sea ice from 2002 to 2020 on a daily scale, and negative trends could be found in all sea sectors and seasons. This dataset (including both snow depth and snow depth uncertainty) can be downloaded from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences at http://data.tpdc.ac.cn/en/disallow/61ea8177-7177-4507-aeeb-0c7b653d6fc3/ (last access: 7 February 2022) (Shen and Ke, 2021, https://doi.org/10.11888/Snow.tpdc.271653).
Published: 2022
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46. Millimeter Wave Full-Duplex Networks: MAC Design and Throughput Optimization.

Author: Shengbo Liu, Wen Wu 0003, Liqun Fu 0001, Kaige Qu, Qiang Ye 0002, Weihua Zhuang, and Sherman X. Shen
Published: 2023
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47. Energetic Electron Precipitation Driven by Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves from ELFIN’s Low Altitude Perspective

Author: V. Angelopoulos, X.-J. Zhang, A. V. Artemyev, D. Mourenas, E. Tsai, C. Wilkins, A. Runov, J. Liu, D. L. Turner, W. Li, K. Khurana, R. E. Wirz, V. A. Sergeev, X. Meng, J. Wu, M. D. Hartinger, T. Raita, Y. Shen, X. An, X. Shi, M. F. Bashir, X. Shen, L. Gan, M. Qin, L. Capannolo, Q. Ma, C. L. Russell, E. V. Masongsong, R. Caron, I. He, L. Iglesias, S. Jha, J. King, S. Kumar, K. Le, J. Mao, A. McDermott, K. Nguyen, A. Norris, A. Palla, A. Roosnovo, J. Tam, E. Xie, R. C. Yap, S. Ye, C. Young, L. A. Adair, C. Shaffer, M. Chung, P. Cruce, M. Lawson, D. Leneman, M. Allen, M. Anderson, M. Arreola-Zamora, J. Artinger, J. Asher, D. Branchevsky, M. Cliffe, K. Colton, C. Costello, D. Depe, B. W. Domae, S. Eldin, L. Fitzgibbon, A. Flemming, D. M. Frederick, A. Gilbert, B. Hesford, R. Krieger, K. Lian, E. McKinney, J. P. Miller, C. Pedersen, Z. Qu, R. Rozario, M. Rubly, R. Seaton, A. Subramanian, S. R. Sundin, A. Tan, D. Thomlinson, W. Turner, G. Wing, C. Wong, and A. Zarifian
Published: 2023
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48. Cybertwin Assisted Wireless Asynchronous Federated Learning Mechanism for Edge Computing.

Author: Yunting Xu, Haibo Zhou, Jiacheng Chen, Ting Ma 0004, and Sherman X. Shen
Published: 2021
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49. Methionine supplementation during a hydrogen peroxide challenge alters components of insulin signaling and antioxidant proteins in subcutaneous adipose explants from dairy cows

Author: N. Ma, Y. Liang, D.N. Coleman, Y. Li, H. Ding, F. Liu, F.F. Cardoso, C. Parys, F.C. Cardoso, X. Shen, and J.J. Loor
Subjects: insulin signaling, adipose tissue, oxidative stress, amino acids, Dairy processing. Dairy products, SF250.5-275, Dairying, SF221-250
Abstract: ABSTRACT: Enhanced postruminal supply of methionine (Met) during the peripartal period alters protein abundance of insulin, AA, and antioxidant signaling pathways in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Whether SAT is directly responsive to supply of Met and can induce molecular alterations is unknown. Our objective was to examine whether enhanced Met supply during an oxidative stress challenge in vitro alters insulin, AA, inflammation, and antioxidant signaling-related protein networks. Four late-lactation Holstein cows (average 27.0 kg of milk per day) were used for SAT collection. Tissue was incubated in duplicate for 4 h in a humidified incubator with 5% CO2 at 37°C according to the following experimental design: control medium with an “ideal” profile of essential AA (CTR; Lys:Met 2.9:1), CTR plus 100 μM H2O2 (HP), or CTR with greater Met supply plus 100 μM H2O2 (HPMET; Lys:Met 2.5:1). Molecular targets associated with insulin signaling, lipolysis, antioxidant nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2), inflammation, and AA metabolism were determined through reverse-transcription quantitative PCR and western blotting. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc.). Among proteins associated with insulin signaling, compared with CTR, HP led to lower abundance of phosphorylated AKT serine/threonine kinase (p-AKT) and solute carrier family 2 member 4 (SLC2A4; insulin-induced glucose transporter). Although incubation with HPMET restored abundance of SLC2A4 to levels in the CTR and upregulated abundance of fatty acid synthase (FASN) and phosphorylated 5′-prime-AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), it did not alter p-AKT, which remained similar to HP. Among proteins associated with AA signaling, compared with CTR, challenge with HP led to lower abundance of phosphorylated mechanistic target of rapamycin (p-MTOR), and HPMET did not restore abundance to CTR levels. Among inflammation-related targets studied, incubation with HPMET led to greater protein abundance of nuclear factor kappa B subunit p65 (NFKB-RELA). The response in NFKB observed with HPMET was associated with a marked upregulation of the antioxidant transcription regulator NFE2L2 and the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1). No effects of treatment were detected for mRNA abundance of proinflammatory cytokines or antioxidant enzymes, underscoring the importance of post-transcriptional regulation. Overall, data indicated that short-term challenge with H2O2 was particularly effective in reducing insulin and AA signaling. Although a greater supply of Met had little effect on those pathways, it seemed to restore the protein abundance of the insulin-induced glucose transporter. Overall, the concomitant upregulation of key inflammation and antioxidant signaling proteins when a greater level of Met was supplemented to oxidant-challenged SAT highlighted the potential role of this AA in regulating the inflammatory response and oxidant status. Further studies should be conducted to assess the role of postruminal supply of Met and other AA in the regulation of immune, antioxidant, and metabolic systems in peripartal cow adipose tissue.
Published: 2022
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50. Amplitude analysis and branching fraction measurement of the decay D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → π + π 0 π 0

Author: The BESIII collaboration, M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson, S. Ahmed, M. Albrecht, R. Aliberti, A. Amoroso, M. R. An, Q. An, X. H. Bai, Y. Bai, O. Bakina, R. Baldini Ferroli, I. Balossino, Y. Ban, K. Begzsuren, N. Berger, M. Bertani, D. Bettoni, F. Bianchi, J. Bloms, A. Bortone, I. Boyko, R. A. Briere, H. Cai, X. Cai, A. Calcaterra, G. F. Cao, N. Cao, S. A. Cetin, J. F. Chang, W. L. Chang, G. Chelkov, D. Y. Chen, G. Chen, H. S. Chen, M. L. Chen, S. J. Chen, X. R. Chen, Y. B. Chen, Z. J Chen, W. S. Cheng, G. Cibinetto, F. Cossio, X. F. Cui, H. L. Dai, X. C. Dai, A. Dbeyssi, R. E. de Boer, D. Dedovich, Z. Y. Deng, A. Denig, I. Denysenko, M. Destefanis, F. De Mori, Y. Ding, C. Dong, J. Dong, L. Y. Dong, M. Y. Dong, X. Dong, S. X. Du, Y. L. Fan, J. Fang, S. S. Fang, Y. Fang, R. Farinelli, L. Fava, F. Feldbauer, G. Felici, C. Q. Feng, J. H. Feng, M. Fritsch, C. D. Fu, Y. Gao, Y. G. Gao, I. Garzia, P. T. Ge, C. Geng, E. M. Gersabeck, A Gilman, K. Goetzen, L. Gong, W. X. Gong, W. Gradl, M. Greco, L. M. Gu, M. H. Gu, C. Y Guan, A. Q. Guo, L. B. Guo, R. P. Guo, Y. P. Guo, A. Guskov, T. T. Han, W. Y. Han, X. Q. Hao, F. A. Harris, K. L. He, F. H. Heinsius, C. H. Heinz, T. Held, Y. K. Heng, C. Herold, M. Himmelreich, T. Holtmann, G. Y. Hou, Y. R. Hou, Z. L. Hou, H. M. Hu, J. F. Hu, T. Hu, Y. Hu, G. S. Huang, L. Q. Huang, X. T. Huang, Y. P. Huang, Z. Huang, T. Hussain, N Hüsken, W. Ikegami Andersson, W. Imoehl, M. Irshad, S. Jaeger, S. Janchiv, Q. Ji, Q. P. Ji, X. B. Ji, X. L. Ji, Y. Y. Ji, H. B. Jiang, X. S. Jiang, J. B. Jiao, Z. Jiao, S. Jin, Y. Jin, M. Q. Jing, T. Johansson, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, X. S. Kang, R. Kappert, M. Kavatsyuk, B. C. Ke, I. K. Keshk, A. Khoukaz, P. Kiese, R. Kiuchi, R. Kliemt, L. Koch, O. B. Kolcu, B. Kopf, M. Kuemmel, M. Kuessner, A. Kupsc, M. G. Kurth, W. Kühn, J. J. Lane, J. S. Lange, P. Larin, A. Lavania, L. Lavezzi, Z. H. Lei, H. Leithoff, M. Lellmann, T. Lenz, C. Li, C. H. Li, Cheng Li, D. M. Li, F. Li, G. Li, H. Li, H. B. Li, H. J. Li, J. L. Li, J. Q. Li, J. S. Li, Ke Li, L. K. Li, Lei Li, P. R. Li, S. Y. Li, W. D. Li, W. G. Li, X. H. Li, X. L. Li, Xiaoyu Li, Z. Y. Li, H. Liang, Y. F. Liang, Y. T. Liang, G. R. Liao, L. Z. Liao, J. Libby, C. X. Lin, T. Lin, B. J. Liu, C. X. Liu, D. Liu, F. H. Liu, Fang Liu, Feng Liu, H. M. Liu, Huanhuan Liu, Huihui Liu, J. B. Liu, J. L. Liu, J. Y. Liu, K. Liu, K. Y. Liu, L. Liu, M. H. Liu, P. L. Liu, Q. Liu, S. B. Liu, Shuai Liu, T. Liu, W. M. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. B. Liu, Z. A. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, X. C. Lou, F. X. Lu, H. J. Lu, J. D. Lu, J. G. Lu, X. L. Lu, Y. Lu, Y. P. Lu, C. L. Luo, M. X. Luo, P. W. Luo, T. Luo, X. L. Luo, X. R. Lyu, F. C. Ma, H. L. Ma, L. L. Ma, M. M. Ma, Q. M. Ma, R. Q. Ma, R. T. Ma, X. X. Ma, X. Y. Ma, F. E. Maas, M. Maggiora, S. Maldaner, S. Malde, Q. A. Malik, A. Mangoni, Y. J. Mao, Z. P. Mao, S. Marcello, Z. X. Meng, J. G. Messchendorp, G. Mezzadri, T. J. Min, R. E. Mitchell, X. H. Mo, N. Yu. Muchnoi, H. Muramatsu, S. Nakhoul, Y. Nefedov, F. Nerling, I. B. Nikolaev, Z. Ning, S. Nisar, Q. Ouyang, S. Pacetti, X. Pan, Y. Pan, A. Pathak, P. Patteri, M. Pelizaeus, H. P. Peng, K. Peters, J. Pettersson, J. L. Ping, R. G. Ping, S. Pogodin, R. Poling, V. Prasad, H. Qi, H. R. Qi, K. H. Qi, M. Qi, T. Y. Qi, S. Qian, W. B. Qian, Z. Qian, C. F. Qiao, L. Q. Qin, X. P. Qin, X. S. Qin, Z. H. Qin, J. F. Qiu, S. Q. Qu, K. H. Rashid, K. Ravindran, C. F. Redmer, A. Rivetti, V. Rodin, M. Rolo, G. Rong, Ch. Rosner, M. Rump, H. S. Sang, A. Sarantsev, Y. Schelhaas, C. Schnier, K. Schoenning, M. Scodeggio, D. C. Shan, W. Shan, X. Y. Shan, J. F. Shangguan, M. Shao, C. P. Shen, H. F. Shen, P. X. Shen, X. Y. Shen, H. C. Shi, R. S. Shi, X. Shi, X. D Shi, J. J. Song, W. M. Song, Y. X. Song, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, K. X. Su, P. P. Su, F. F. Sui, G. X. Sun, H. K. Sun, J. F. Sun, L. Sun, S. S. Sun, T. Sun, W. Y. Sun, X Sun, Y. J. Sun, Y. Z. Sun, Z. T. Sun, Y. H. Tan, Y. X. Tan, C. J. Tang, G. Y. Tang, J. Tang, J. X. Teng, V. Thoren, W. H. Tian, Y. T. Tian, I. Uman, B. Wang, C. W. Wang, D. Y. Wang, H. J. Wang, H. P. Wang, K. Wang, L. L. Wang, M. Wang, M. Z. Wang, Meng Wang, S. Wang, W. Wang, W. H. Wang, W. P. Wang, X. Wang, X. F. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. D. Wang, Y. F. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, Y. Y. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Y. Wang, Ziyi Wang, Zongyuan Wang, D. H. Wei, F. Weidner, S. P. Wen, D. J. White, U. Wiedner, G. Wilkinson, M. Wolke, L. Wollenberg, J. F. Wu, L. H. Wu, L. J. Wu, X. Wu, Z. Wu, L. Xia, H. Xiao, S. Y. Xiao, Z. J. Xiao, X. H. Xie, Y. G. Xie, Y. H. Xie, T. Y. Xing, G. F. Xu, Q. J. Xu, W. Xu, X. P. Xu, Y. C. Xu, F. Yan, L. Yan, W. B. Yan, W. C. Yan, Xu Yan, H. J. Yang, H. X. Yang, L. Yang, S. L. Yang, Y. X. Yang, Yifan Yang, Zhi Yang, M. Ye, M. H. Ye, J. H. Yin, Z. Y. You, B. X. Yu, C. X. Yu, G. Yu, J. S. Yu, T. Yu, C. Z. Yuan, L. Yuan, X. Q. Yuan, Y. Yuan, Z. Y. Yuan, C. X. Yue, A. A. Zafar, X. Zeng Zeng, Y. Zeng, A. Q. Zhang, B. X. Zhang, Guangyi Zhang, H. Zhang, H. H. Zhang, H. Y. Zhang, J. J. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, J. Q. Zhang, J. W. Zhang, J. Y. Zhang, J. Z. Zhang, Jianyu Zhang, Jiawei Zhang, L. M. Zhang, L. Q. Zhang, Lei Zhang, S. Zhang, S. F. Zhang, Shulei Zhang, X. D. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. T. Zhang, Y. H. Zhang, Yan Zhang, Yao Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, G. Zhao, J. Zhao, J. Y. Zhao, J. Z. Zhao, Lei Zhao, Ling Zhao, M. G. Zhao, Q. Zhao, S. J. Zhao, Y. B. Zhao, Y. X. Zhao, Z. G. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, B. Zheng, J. P. Zheng, Y. H. Zheng, B. Zhong, C. Zhong, L. P. Zhou, Q. Zhou, X. Zhou, X. K. Zhou, X. R. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, A. N. Zhu, J. Zhu, K. Zhu, K. J. Zhu, S. H. Zhu, T. J. Zhu, W. J. Zhu, Y. C. Zhu, Z. A. Zhu, B. S. Zou, and J. H. Zou
Subjects: Branching fraction, Charm physics, e +-e − Experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb −1 recorded by the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV, an amplitude analysis of the decay D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → π + π 0 π 0 is performed, and the relative fractions and phases of different intermediate processes are determined. The absolute branching fraction of the decay D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → π + π 0 π 0 is measured to be (0.50 ± 0.04stat ± 0.02syst)%. The absolute branching fraction of the intermediate process D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ → f 0(980)π + , f 0(980) → π 0 π 0 is determined to be (0.28 ± 0.04stat ± 0.04syst)%.
Published: 2022
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