Excerpts from the Preface: This publication compiles summaries of over 20 published, academic journal articles related to agricultural transportation research. The focus is on recent research, spanning roughly the last 6 years, from 2015 to 2020. The compendium’s primary goal is to spotlight the main findings and methods of recent peer-reviewed agricultural transportation research in an easy-to-read, accessible format. The Compendium sections are structured around specific modes of transportation, as follows: • Section I covers multimodal and supply chain research. • Section II summarizes inland (barge and lake) water transportation research. • Section III summarizes marine (ocean and port) water transportation research. • Section IV summarizes truck research. • Section V contains summaries of U.S.-focused rail research. • Section VI concludes the compendium with summaries of Canadian rail research., This work was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 20-TMTSD-GA-0005 with the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). In completion of this publication, the authors also gratefully acknowledge technical, editorial, and design assistance from Peter Caffarelli, Jesse Gastelle, Jessica Ladd, and Maria Williams in AMS.