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1. Precipitation frequency in Med-CORDEX and EURO-CORDEX ensembles from 0.44° to convection-permitting resolution: impact of model resolution and convection representation

Author

Ha, Minh T., Bastin, Sophie, Drobinski, Philippe, Fita, L., Polcher, J., Bock, O., Chiriaco, M., Belušić, D., Caillaud, C., Dobler, A., Fernandez, J., Goergen, K., Hodnebrog, Ø., Kartsios, S., Katragkou, E., Lavin-Gullon, A., Lorenz, T., Milovac, J., Panitz, H.-J., Sobolowski, S., Truhetz, H., Warrach-Sagi, K., and Wulfmeyer, V.

Published
2024
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2. Case study of a bore wind-ramp event from lidar measurements and HRRR simulations over ARM Southern Great Plains

Author

Pichugina, Yelena L., primary, Banta, Robert M., additional, Strobach, E. J., additional, Carroll, B. J., additional, Brewer, W. Alan, additional, Turner, D. D., additional, Wulfmeyer, V., additional, James, E., additional, Lee, T. R., additional, Baidar, S., additional, Olson, J. B., additional, Newsom, R. K., additional, Bauer, H.-S., additional, and Rai, R., additional

Published
2024
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6. Precipitation frequency in Med-CORDEX and EURO-CORDEX ensembles from 0.44° to convection-permitting resolution: impact of model resolution and convection representation

Author

Ha, Minh T., primary, Bastin, Sophie, additional, Drobinski, Philippe, additional, Fita, L., additional, Polcher, J., additional, Bock, O., additional, Chiriaco, M., additional, Belušić, D., additional, Caillaud, C., additional, Dobler, A., additional, Fernandez, J., additional, Goergen, K., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Kartsios, S., additional, Katragkou, E., additional, Lavin-Gullon, A., additional, Lorenz, T., additional, Milovac, J., additional, Panitz, H.-J., additional, Sobolowski, S., additional, Truhetz, H., additional, Warrach-Sagi, K., additional, and Wulfmeyer, V., additional

Published
2022
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7. EUREC4A

Author

Stevens, B, Bony, S, Farrell, D, Ament, F, Blyth, A, Fairall, C, Karstensen, J, Quinn, P, Speich, S, Acquistapace, C, Aemisegger, F, Albright, A, Bellenger, H, Bodenschatz, E, Caesar, K, Chewitt-Lucas, R, De Boer, G, Delanoe, J, Denby, L, Ewald, F, Fildier, B, Forde, M, George, G, Gross, S, Hagen, M, Hausold, A, Heywood, K, Hirsch, L, Jacob, M, Jansen, F, Kinne, S, Klocke, D, Kolling, T, Konow, H, Lothon, M, Mohr, W, Naumann, A, Nuijens, L, Olivier, L, Pincus, R, Pohlker, M, Reverdin, G, Roberts, G, Schnitt, S, Schulz, H, Pier Siebesma, A, Stephan, C, Sullivan, P, Touze-Peiffer, L, Vial, J, Vogel, R, Zuidema, P, Alexander, N, Alves, L, Arixi, S, Asmath, H, Bagheri, G, Baier, K, Bailey, A, Baranowski, D, Baron, A, Barrau, S, Barrett, P, Batier, F, Behrendt, A, Bendinger, A, Beucher, F, Bigorre, S, Blades, E, Blossey, P, Bock, O, Boing, S, Bosser, P, Bourras, D, Bouruet-Aubertot, P, Bower, K, Branellec, P, Branger, H, Brennek, M, Brewer, A, Brilouet, P, Brugmann, B, Buehler, S, Burke, E, Burton, R, Calmer, R, Canonici, J, Carton, X, Cato, G, Charles, J, Chazette, P, Chen, Y, Chilinski, M, Choularton, T, Chuang, P, Clarke, S, Coe, H, Cornet, C, Coutris, P, Couvreux, F, Crewell, S, Cronin, T, Cui, Z, Cuypers, Y, Daley, A, Damerell, G, Dauhut, T, Deneke, H, Desbios, J, Dorner, S, Donner, S, Douet, V, Drushka, K, Dutsch, M, Ehrlich, A, Emanuel, K, Emmanouilidis, A, Etienne, J, Etienne-Leblanc, S, Faure, G, Feingold, G, Ferrero, L, Fix, A, Flamant, C, Flatau, P, Foltz, G, Forster, L, Furtuna, I, Gadian, A, Galewsky, J, Gallagher, M, Gallimore, P, Gaston, C, Gentemann, C, Geyskens, N, Giez, A, Gollop, J, Gouirand, I, Gourbeyre, C, De Graaf, D, De Groot, G, Grosz, R, Guttler, J, Gutleben, M, Hall, K, Harris, G, Helfer, K, Henze, D, Herbert, C, Holanda, B, Ibanez-Landeta, A, Intrieri, J, Iyer, S, Julien, F, Kalesse, H, Kazil, J, Kellman, A, Kidane, A, Kirchner, U, Klingebiel, M, Korner, M, Kremper, L, Kretzschmar, J, Kruger, O, Kumala, W, Kurz, A, L'Hegaret, P, Labaste, M, Lachlan-Cope, T, Laing, A, Landschutzer, P, Lang, T, Lange, D, Lange, I, Laplace, C, Lavik, G, Laxenaire, R, Lebihan, C, Leandro, M, Lefevre, N, Lena, M, Lenschow, D, Li, Q, Lloyd, G, Los, S, Losi, N, Lovell, O, Luneau, C, Makuch, P, Malinowski, S, Manta, G, Marinou, E, Marsden, N, Masson, S, Maury, N, Mayer, B, Mayers-Als, M, Mazel, C, Mcgeary, W, Mcwilliams, J, Mech, M, Mehlmann, M, Meroni, A, Mieslinger, T, Minikin, A, Minnett, P, Moller, G, Avalos, Y, Muller, C, Musat, I, Napoli, A, Neuberger, A, Noisel, C, Noone, D, Nordsiek, F, Nowak, J, Oswald, L, Parker, D, Peck, C, Person, R, Philippi, M, Plueddemann, A, Pohlker, C, Portge, V, Poschl, U, Pologne, L, Posyniak, M, Prange, M, Melendez, E, Radtke, J, Ramage, K, Reimann, J, Renault, L, Reus, K, Reyes, A, Ribbe, J, Ringel, M, Ritschel, M, Rocha, C, Rochetin, N, Rottenbacher, J, Rollo, C, Royer, H, Sadoulet, P, Saffin, L, Sandiford, S, Sandu, I, Schafer, M, Schemann, V, Schirmacher, I, Schlenczek, O, Schmidt, J, Schroder, M, Schwarzenboeck, A, Sealy, A, Senff, C, Serikov, I, Shohan, S, Siddle, E, Smirnov, A, Spath, F, Spooner, B, Katharina Stolla, M, Szkolka, W, De Szoeke, S, Tarot, S, Tetoni, E, Thompson, E, Thomson, J, Tomassini, L, Totems, J, Ubele, A, Villiger, L, Von Arx, J, Wagner, T, Walther, A, Webber, B, Wendisch, M, Whitehall, S, Wiltshire, A, Wing, A, Wirth, M, Wiskandt, J, Wolf, K, Worbes, L, Wright, E, Wulfmeyer, V, Young, S, Zhang, C, Zhang, D, Ziemen, F, Zinner, T, Zoger, M, Stevens B., Bony S., Farrell D., Ament F., Blyth A., Fairall C., Karstensen J., Quinn P. K., Speich S., Acquistapace C., Aemisegger F., Albright A. L., Bellenger H., Bodenschatz E., Caesar K. -A., Chewitt-Lucas R., De Boer G., Delanoe J., Denby L., Ewald F., Fildier B., Forde M., George G., Gross S., Hagen M., Hausold A., Heywood K. J., Hirsch L., Jacob M., Jansen F., Kinne S., Klocke D., Kolling T., Konow H., Lothon M., Mohr W., Naumann A. K., Nuijens L., Olivier L., Pincus R., Pohlker M., Reverdin G., Roberts G., Schnitt S., Schulz H., Pier Siebesma A., Stephan C. C., Sullivan P., Touze-Peiffer L., Vial J., Vogel R., Zuidema P., Alexander N., Alves L., Arixi S., Asmath H., Bagheri G., Baier K., Bailey A., Baranowski D., Baron A., Barrau S., Barrett P. A., Batier F., Behrendt A., Bendinger A., Beucher F., Bigorre S., Blades E., Blossey P., Bock O., Boing S., Bosser P., Bourras D., Bouruet-Aubertot P., Bower K., Branellec P., Branger H., Brennek M., Brewer A., Brilouet P. -E., Brugmann B., Buehler S. A., Burke E., Burton R., Calmer R., Canonici J. -C., Carton X., Cato G., Charles J. A., Chazette P., Chen Y., Chilinski M. T., Choularton T., Chuang P., Clarke S., Coe H., Cornet C., Coutris P., Couvreux F., Crewell S., Cronin T., Cui Z., Cuypers Y., Daley A., Damerell G. M., Dauhut T., Deneke H., Desbios J. -P., Dorner S., Donner S., Douet V., Drushka K., Dutsch M., Ehrlich A., Emanuel K., Emmanouilidis A., Etienne J. -C., Etienne-Leblanc S., Faure G., Feingold G., Ferrero L., Fix A., Flamant C., Flatau P. J., Foltz G. R., Forster L., Furtuna I., Gadian A., Galewsky J., Gallagher M., Gallimore P., Gaston C., Gentemann C., Geyskens N., Giez A., Gollop J., Gouirand I., Gourbeyre C., De Graaf D., De Groot G. E., Grosz R., Guttler J., Gutleben M., Hall K., Harris G., Helfer K. C., Henze D., Herbert C., Holanda B., Ibanez-Landeta A., Intrieri J., Iyer S., Julien F., Kalesse H., Kazil J., Kellman A., Kidane A. T., Kirchner U., Klingebiel M., Korner M., Kremper L. A., Kretzschmar J., Kruger O., Kumala W., Kurz A., L'Hegaret P., Labaste M., Lachlan-Cope T., Laing A., Landschutzer P., Lang T., Lange D., Lange I., Laplace C., Lavik G., Laxenaire R., LeBihan C., Leandro M., Lefevre N., Lena M., Lenschow D., Li Q., Lloyd G., Los S., Losi N., Lovell O., Luneau C., Makuch P., Malinowski S., Manta G., Marinou E., Marsden N., Masson S., Maury N., Mayer B., Mayers-Als M., Mazel C., McGeary W., McWilliams J. C., Mech M., Mehlmann M., Meroni A. N., Mieslinger T., Minikin A., Minnett P., Moller G., Avalos Y. M., Muller C., Musat I., Napoli A., Neuberger A., Noisel C., Noone D., Nordsiek F., Nowak J. L., Oswald L., Parker D. J., Peck C., Person R., Philippi M., Plueddemann A., Pohlker C., Portge V., Poschl U., Pologne L., Posyniak M., Prange M., Melendez E. Q., Radtke J., Ramage K., Reimann J., Renault L., Reus K., Reyes A., Ribbe J., Ringel M., Ritschel M., Rocha C. B., Rochetin N., Rottenbacher J., Rollo C., Royer H., Sadoulet P., Saffin L., Sandiford S., Sandu I., Schafer M., Schemann V., Schirmacher I., Schlenczek O., Schmidt J., Schroder M., Schwarzenboeck A., Sealy A., Senff C. J., Serikov I., Shohan S., Siddle E., Smirnov A., Spath F., Spooner B., Katharina Stolla M., Szkolka W., De Szoeke S. P., Tarot S., Tetoni E., Thompson E., Thomson J., Tomassini L., Totems J., Ubele A. A., Villiger L., Von Arx J., Wagner T., Walther A., Webber B., Wendisch M., Whitehall S., Wiltshire A., Wing A. A., Wirth M., Wiskandt J., Wolf K., Worbes L., Wright E., Wulfmeyer V., Young S., Zhang C., Zhang D., Ziemen F., Zinner T., Zoger M., Stevens, B, Bony, S, Farrell, D, Ament, F, Blyth, A, Fairall, C, Karstensen, J, Quinn, P, Speich, S, Acquistapace, C, Aemisegger, F, Albright, A, Bellenger, H, Bodenschatz, E, Caesar, K, Chewitt-Lucas, R, De Boer, G, Delanoe, J, Denby, L, Ewald, F, Fildier, B, Forde, M, George, G, Gross, S, Hagen, M, Hausold, A, Heywood, K, Hirsch, L, Jacob, M, Jansen, F, Kinne, S, Klocke, D, Kolling, T, Konow, H, Lothon, M, Mohr, W, Naumann, A, Nuijens, L, Olivier, L, Pincus, R, Pohlker, M, Reverdin, G, Roberts, G, Schnitt, S, Schulz, H, Pier Siebesma, A, Stephan, C, Sullivan, P, Touze-Peiffer, L, Vial, J, Vogel, R, Zuidema, P, Alexander, N, Alves, L, Arixi, S, Asmath, H, Bagheri, G, Baier, K, Bailey, A, Baranowski, D, Baron, A, Barrau, S, Barrett, P, Batier, F, Behrendt, A, Bendinger, A, Beucher, F, Bigorre, S, Blades, E, Blossey, P, Bock, O, Boing, S, Bosser, P, Bourras, D, Bouruet-Aubertot, P, Bower, K, Branellec, P, Branger, H, Brennek, M, Brewer, A, Brilouet, P, Brugmann, B, Buehler, S, Burke, E, Burton, R, Calmer, R, Canonici, J, Carton, X, Cato, G, Charles, J, Chazette, P, Chen, Y, Chilinski, M, Choularton, T, Chuang, P, Clarke, S, Coe, H, Cornet, C, Coutris, P, Couvreux, F, Crewell, S, Cronin, T, Cui, Z, Cuypers, Y, Daley, A, Damerell, G, Dauhut, T, Deneke, H, Desbios, J, Dorner, S, Donner, S, Douet, V, Drushka, K, Dutsch, M, Ehrlich, A, Emanuel, K, Emmanouilidis, A, Etienne, J, Etienne-Leblanc, S, Faure, G, Feingold, G, Ferrero, L, Fix, A, Flamant, C, Flatau, P, Foltz, G, Forster, L, Furtuna, I, Gadian, A, Galewsky, J, Gallagher, M, Gallimore, P, Gaston, C, Gentemann, C, Geyskens, N, Giez, A, Gollop, J, Gouirand, I, Gourbeyre, C, De Graaf, D, De Groot, G, Grosz, R, Guttler, J, Gutleben, M, Hall, K, Harris, G, Helfer, K, Henze, D, Herbert, C, Holanda, B, Ibanez-Landeta, A, Intrieri, J, Iyer, S, Julien, F, Kalesse, H, Kazil, J, Kellman, A, Kidane, A, Kirchner, U, Klingebiel, M, Korner, M, Kremper, L, Kretzschmar, J, Kruger, O, Kumala, W, Kurz, A, L'Hegaret, P, Labaste, M, Lachlan-Cope, T, Laing, A, Landschutzer, P, Lang, T, Lange, D, Lange, I, Laplace, C, Lavik, G, Laxenaire, R, Lebihan, C, Leandro, M, Lefevre, N, Lena, M, Lenschow, D, Li, Q, Lloyd, G, Los, S, Losi, N, Lovell, O, Luneau, C, Makuch, P, Malinowski, S, Manta, G, Marinou, E, Marsden, N, Masson, S, Maury, N, Mayer, B, Mayers-Als, M, Mazel, C, Mcgeary, W, Mcwilliams, J, Mech, M, Mehlmann, M, Meroni, A, Mieslinger, T, Minikin, A, Minnett, P, Moller, G, Avalos, Y, Muller, C, Musat, I, Napoli, A, Neuberger, A, Noisel, C, Noone, D, Nordsiek, F, Nowak, J, Oswald, L, Parker, D, Peck, C, Person, R, Philippi, M, Plueddemann, A, Pohlker, C, Portge, V, Poschl, U, Pologne, L, Posyniak, M, Prange, M, Melendez, E, Radtke, J, Ramage, K, Reimann, J, Renault, L, Reus, K, Reyes, A, Ribbe, J, Ringel, M, Ritschel, M, Rocha, C, Rochetin, N, Rottenbacher, J, Rollo, C, Royer, H, Sadoulet, P, Saffin, L, Sandiford, S, Sandu, I, Schafer, M, Schemann, V, Schirmacher, I, Schlenczek, O, Schmidt, J, Schroder, M, Schwarzenboeck, A, Sealy, A, Senff, C, Serikov, I, Shohan, S, Siddle, E, Smirnov, A, Spath, F, Spooner, B, Katharina Stolla, M, Szkolka, W, De Szoeke, S, Tarot, S, Tetoni, E, Thompson, E, Thomson, J, Tomassini, L, Totems, J, Ubele, A, Villiger, L, Von Arx, J, Wagner, T, Walther, A, Webber, B, Wendisch, M, Whitehall, S, Wiltshire, A, Wing, A, Wirth, M, Wiskandt, J, Wolf, K, Worbes, L, Wright, E, Wulfmeyer, V, Young, S, Zhang, C, Zhang, D, Ziemen, F, Zinner, T, Zoger, M, Stevens B., Bony S., Farrell D., Ament F., Blyth A., Fairall C., Karstensen J., Quinn P. K., Speich S., Acquistapace C., Aemisegger F., Albright A. L., Bellenger H., Bodenschatz E., Caesar K. -A., Chewitt-Lucas R., De Boer G., Delanoe J., Denby L., Ewald F., Fildier B., Forde M., George G., Gross S., Hagen M., Hausold A., Heywood K. J., Hirsch L., Jacob M., Jansen F., Kinne S., Klocke D., Kolling T., Konow H., Lothon M., Mohr W., Naumann A. K., Nuijens L., Olivier L., Pincus R., Pohlker M., Reverdin G., Roberts G., Schnitt S., Schulz H., Pier Siebesma A., Stephan C. C., Sullivan P., Touze-Peiffer L., Vial J., Vogel R., Zuidema P., Alexander N., Alves L., Arixi S., Asmath H., Bagheri G., Baier K., Bailey A., Baranowski D., Baron A., Barrau S., Barrett P. A., Batier F., Behrendt A., Bendinger A., Beucher F., Bigorre S., Blades E., Blossey P., Bock O., Boing S., Bosser P., Bourras D., Bouruet-Aubertot P., Bower K., Branellec P., Branger H., Brennek M., Brewer A., Brilouet P. -E., Brugmann B., Buehler S. A., Burke E., Burton R., Calmer R., Canonici J. -C., Carton X., Cato G., Charles J. A., Chazette P., Chen Y., Chilinski M. T., Choularton T., Chuang P., Clarke S., Coe H., Cornet C., Coutris P., Couvreux F., Crewell S., Cronin T., Cui Z., Cuypers Y., Daley A., Damerell G. M., Dauhut T., Deneke H., Desbios J. -P., Dorner S., Donner S., Douet V., Drushka K., Dutsch M., Ehrlich A., Emanuel K., Emmanouilidis A., Etienne J. -C., Etienne-Leblanc S., Faure G., Feingold G., Ferrero L., Fix A., Flamant C., Flatau P. J., Foltz G. R., Forster L., Furtuna I., Gadian A., Galewsky J., Gallagher M., Gallimore P., Gaston C., Gentemann C., Geyskens N., Giez A., Gollop J., Gouirand I., Gourbeyre C., De Graaf D., De Groot G. E., Grosz R., Guttler J., Gutleben M., Hall K., Harris G., Helfer K. C., Henze D., Herbert C., Holanda B., Ibanez-Landeta A., Intrieri J., Iyer S., Julien F., Kalesse H., Kazil J., Kellman A., Kidane A. T., Kirchner U., Klingebiel M., Korner M., Kremper L. A., Kretzschmar J., Kruger O., Kumala W., Kurz A., L'Hegaret P., Labaste M., Lachlan-Cope T., Laing A., Landschutzer P., Lang T., Lange D., Lange I., Laplace C., Lavik G., Laxenaire R., LeBihan C., Leandro M., Lefevre N., Lena M., Lenschow D., Li Q., Lloyd G., Los S., Losi N., Lovell O., Luneau C., Makuch P., Malinowski S., Manta G., Marinou E., Marsden N., Masson S., Maury N., Mayer B., Mayers-Als M., Mazel C., McGeary W., McWilliams J. C., Mech M., Mehlmann M., Meroni A. N., Mieslinger T., Minikin A., Minnett P., Moller G., Avalos Y. M., Muller C., Musat I., Napoli A., Neuberger A., Noisel C., Noone D., Nordsiek F., Nowak J. L., Oswald L., Parker D. J., Peck C., Person R., Philippi M., Plueddemann A., Pohlker C., Portge V., Poschl U., Pologne L., Posyniak M., Prange M., Melendez E. Q., Radtke J., Ramage K., Reimann J., Renault L., Reus K., Reyes A., Ribbe J., Ringel M., Ritschel M., Rocha C. B., Rochetin N., Rottenbacher J., Rollo C., Royer H., Sadoulet P., Saffin L., Sandiford S., Sandu I., Schafer M., Schemann V., Schirmacher I., Schlenczek O., Schmidt J., Schroder M., Schwarzenboeck A., Sealy A., Senff C. J., Serikov I., Shohan S., Siddle E., Smirnov A., Spath F., Spooner B., Katharina Stolla M., Szkolka W., De Szoeke S. P., Tarot S., Tetoni E., Thompson E., Thomson J., Tomassini L., Totems J., Ubele A. A., Villiger L., Von Arx J., Wagner T., Walther A., Webber B., Wendisch M., Whitehall S., Wiltshire A., Wing A. A., Wirth M., Wiskandt J., Wolf K., Worbes L., Wright E., Wulfmeyer V., Young S., Zhang C., Zhang D., Ziemen F., Zinner T., and Zoger M.

Abstract

The science guiding the EUREC4A campaign and its measurements is presented. EUREC4A comprised roughly 5 weeks of measurements in the downstream winter trades of the North Atlantic - eastward and southeastward of Barbados. Through its ability to characterize processes operating across a wide range of scales, EUREC4A marked a turning point in our ability to observationally study factors influencing clouds in the trades, how they will respond to warming, and their link to other components of the earth system, such as upper-ocean processes or the life cycle of particulate matter. This characterization was made possible by thousands (2500) of sondes distributed to measure circulations on meso- (200 km) and larger (500 km) scales, roughly 400 h of flight time by four heavily instrumented research aircraft; four global-class research vessels; an advanced ground-based cloud observatory; scores of autonomous observing platforms operating in the upper ocean (nearly 10 000 profiles), lower atmosphere (continuous profiling), and along the air-sea interface; a network of water stable isotopologue measurements; targeted tasking of satellite remote sensing; and modeling with a new generation of weather and climate models. In addition to providing an outline of the novel measurements and their composition into a unified and coordinated campaign, the six distinct scientific facets that EUREC4A explored - from North Brazil Current rings to turbulence-induced clustering of cloud droplets and its influence on warm-rain formation - are presented along with an overview of EUREC4A's outreach activities, environmental impact, and guidelines for scientific practice. Track data for all platforms are standardized and accessible at 10.25326/165 , and a film documenting the campaign is provided as a video supplement.

Published
2021

8. Noah‐MP With the Generic Crop Growth Model Gecros in the WRF Model: Effects of Dynamic Crop Growth on Land‐Atmosphere Interaction

Author

Warrach‐Sagi, K., Ingwersen, J., Schwitalla, T., Troost, C., Aurbacher, J., Jach, L., Berger, T., Streck, T., Wulfmeyer, V., 2 Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany, 1 Institute of Physics and Meteorology University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany, 3 Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany, and 4 Institute of Farm and Agribusiness Management Justus Liebig University Giessen Giessen Germany

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Geophysics, ddc:551.6, Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract

In this paper we coupled a crop growth model to the Weather Research and Forecasting model with its land surface model Noah‐MP and demonstrated the influence of the weather driven crop growth on land‐atmosphere (L‐A) feedback. An impact study was performed at the convection permitting scale of 3 km over Germany. While the leaf area index (LAI) in the control simulation was the same for all cropland grid cells, the inclusion of the crop growth model resulted in heterogeneous crop development with higher LAI and stronger seasonality. For the analyses of L‐A coupling, a two‐legged metric was applied based on soil moisture, latent heat flux and convective available potential energy. Weak atmospheric coupling is enhanced by the crop model, the terrestrial coupling determines the regions with the L‐A feedback. The inclusion of the crop model turns regions with no L‐A feedback on this path into regions with strong positive coupling. The number of non‐atmospherically controlled days between April and August is increased by 10–15 days in more than 50% of Germany. Our work shows that this impact results in a reduction of both cold bias and warm biases and thus improves the metrics of distributed added value of the monthly mean temperatures. The study confirms that the simulation of the weather driven annual phenological development of croplands for the regional climate simulations in mid‐latitudes is crucial due to the L‐A feedback processes and the currently observed and expected future change in phenological phases., Key Points: Coupling a crop growth model with the Weather and Research Forecasting model significantly improves the simulation of the leaf area index. Land‐atmosphere coupling strength is enhanced by weather dependent crop growth simulation. The distributed added value metric shows a reduction in temperature biases of up to 80% in croplands throughout the season in Germany., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659, https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/grids_germany/daily/Project_TRY/air_temperature_mean/, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6501984, http://land.copernicus.eu/pan-european/corine-land-cover/clc-2006/view, https://doi.org/10.1594/WDCC/WRF_NOAH_HWSD_world_TOP_SOILTYP

Published
2022

11. Precipitation frequency in Med-CORDEX and EURO-CORDEX ensembles from 0.44 degrees to convection-permitting resolution : impact of model resolution and convection representation

Author

Ha, Minh T., Bastin, Sophie, Drobinski, Philippe, Fita, L., Polcher, J., Bock, O., Chiriaco, M., Belušić, Danijel, Caillaud, C., Dobler, A., Fernandez, J., Goergen, K., Hodnebrog, O., Kartsios, S., Katragkou, E., Lavin-Gullon, A., Lorenz, T., Milovac, J., Panitz, H. -j., Sobolowski, S., Truhetz, H., Warrach-Sagi, K., Wulfmeyer, V., Ha, Minh T., Bastin, Sophie, Drobinski, Philippe, Fita, L., Polcher, J., Bock, O., Chiriaco, M., Belušić, Danijel, Caillaud, C., Dobler, A., Fernandez, J., Goergen, K., Hodnebrog, O., Kartsios, S., Katragkou, E., Lavin-Gullon, A., Lorenz, T., Milovac, J., Panitz, H. -j., Sobolowski, S., Truhetz, H., Warrach-Sagi, K., and Wulfmeyer, V.

Published
2022
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13. Precipitation Frequency in Med-CORDEX and EURO-CORDEX Ensembles from 0.44° to Convection-Permitting Resolution: Impact of Model Resolution and Convection Representation

Author

Ha, Minh Truong, primary, Bastin, S., additional, Drobinski, P., additional, Fita, L., additional, Polcher, J., additional, Bock, O., additional, Chiriaco, M., additional, Belušić, D., additional, Caillaud, C., additional, Dobler, A., additional, Fernandez, J., additional, Goergen, K., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Kartsios, S., additional, Katragkou, E., additional, Lavin-Gullon, A., additional, Lorenz, T., additional, Milovac, J., additional, Panitz, H.-J., additional, Sobolowski, S., additional, Truhetz, H., additional, Warrach-Sagi, K., additional, and Wulfmeyer, V., additional

Published
2022
Full Text
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20. The EUREC4A-Ocean/Atmosphere campaign: status

Author

Karstensen, J, Speich, S, Renault, L, Giordani, H, Meroni, A, Pasquero, C, Desbiolles, F, Bellenger, H, Bopp, L, Lapeyre, G, Gentemann, C, Zhang, D, Laxenaire, R, von Storch, J, Reverdin, G, Thompson, E, Heywood, K, Bourras, D, Thomson, J, Foltz, G, Hubert, B, Bigorre, S, Clayson, C, Sullivan, P, Mcwilliams, J, Zhang, C, Rocha, C, Acquistapace, C, Fairall, C, Zuidema, P, Horstmann, J, Schutte, F, Olivier, L, L'Hegaret, P, Carton, X, Rudloff, D, Baranowski, D, Landschuetzer, P, Lange, D, Wulfmeyer, V, Behrendt, A, Labbri, G, Farrell, D, Karstensen, Johannes, Speich, Sabrina, Renault, Lionel, Giordani, Herve, Meroni, Agostino, Pasquero, Claudia, Desbiolles, Fabien, Bellenger, Hugo, Bopp, Laurent, Lapeyre, Guillaume, Gentemann, Chelle, Zhang, Dongxiao, Laxenaire, Remi, von Storch, Jin-Song, Reverdin, Gilles, Thompson, Elizabeth, Heywood, Karen, Bourras, Denis, Thomson, James, Foltz, Gregory, Hubert, Branger, Bigorre, Sebastien, Clayson, Carol, Sullivan, Peter, McWilliams, James, Zhang, Chidong, Rocha, Cesar, Acquistapace, Claudia, Fairall, Chris, Zuidema, Paquita, Horstmann, Jochen, Schutte, Florian, Olivier, Lea, L'Hegaret, Pierre, Carton, Xavier, Rudloff, Daniel, Baranowski, Darek, Landschuetzer, Peter, Lange, Diego, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Behrendt, Andreas, Labbri, Giacomo, Farrell, David, Karstensen, J, Speich, S, Renault, L, Giordani, H, Meroni, A, Pasquero, C, Desbiolles, F, Bellenger, H, Bopp, L, Lapeyre, G, Gentemann, C, Zhang, D, Laxenaire, R, von Storch, J, Reverdin, G, Thompson, E, Heywood, K, Bourras, D, Thomson, J, Foltz, G, Hubert, B, Bigorre, S, Clayson, C, Sullivan, P, Mcwilliams, J, Zhang, C, Rocha, C, Acquistapace, C, Fairall, C, Zuidema, P, Horstmann, J, Schutte, F, Olivier, L, L'Hegaret, P, Carton, X, Rudloff, D, Baranowski, D, Landschuetzer, P, Lange, D, Wulfmeyer, V, Behrendt, A, Labbri, G, Farrell, D, Karstensen, Johannes, Speich, Sabrina, Renault, Lionel, Giordani, Herve, Meroni, Agostino, Pasquero, Claudia, Desbiolles, Fabien, Bellenger, Hugo, Bopp, Laurent, Lapeyre, Guillaume, Gentemann, Chelle, Zhang, Dongxiao, Laxenaire, Remi, von Storch, Jin-Song, Reverdin, Gilles, Thompson, Elizabeth, Heywood, Karen, Bourras, Denis, Thomson, James, Foltz, Gregory, Hubert, Branger, Bigorre, Sebastien, Clayson, Carol, Sullivan, Peter, McWilliams, James, Zhang, Chidong, Rocha, Cesar, Acquistapace, Claudia, Fairall, Chris, Zuidema, Paquita, Horstmann, Jochen, Schutte, Florian, Olivier, Lea, L'Hegaret, Pierre, Carton, Xavier, Rudloff, Daniel, Baranowski, Darek, Landschuetzer, Peter, Lange, Diego, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Behrendt, Andreas, Labbri, Giacomo, and Farrell, David

Published
2021

22. EUREC 4 A

Author

Stevens, Bjorn, Bony, Sandrine, Farrell, David, Ament, Felix, Blyth, Alan M., Fairall, Chiristopher W., Karstensen, Johannes, Quinn, Patricia K., Speich, Sabrina, Acquistapace, Claudia, Aemisegger, Franziska, Albright, Anna, Bellenger, Hugo, Bodenschatz, Eberhard, Caesar, Kathy-Ann, Chewitt-Lucas, Rebecca, De Boer, Gijs, Delanoë, Julien, Denby, Leif Christopher, Ewald, Florian, Fildier, Benjamin, Forde, Marvin, George, Geet, Gross, Silke, Hagen, Martin, Hausold, Andrea, Heywood, Karen J., Hirsch, Lutz, Jacob, Marek, Jansen, Friedhelm, Kinne, Stefan, Klocke, Daniel, Kölling, Tobias, Konow, Heike, Lothon, Marie, Mohr, Wiebke, Naumann, Ann Kristin, Nuijens, Louise, Olivier, Léa, Pincus, Robert, Pöhlker, Mira L., Reverdin, Gilles, Roberts, Gregory, Schnitt, Sabrina, Sullivan, Peter P., Touzé-Peiffer, Ludovic, Vial, Jessica, Vogel, Raphaela, Alexander, Nicola, Alves, Lyndon, Arixi, Sophian, Asmath, Hamish, Bagheri, Gholamhossein, Bailey, Adriana, Baranowski, Dariusz, Baron, Alexandre, Barrau, Sébastien, Barrett, Paul Alan, Behrendt, Andreas, Bendinger, Arne, Beucher, Florent, Bigorre, Sebastien, Bosser, Pierre, Blossey, P., Bock, Olivier, Bourras, Denis, Bouruet-Aubertot, Pascale, Bower, K, Branger, H, Brennek, M, Brewer, A, Brilouet, P.-E, Brügmann, B, Buehler, S, Burke, E, Burton, R, Böing, S, Calmer, R, Canonici, J.-C, Carton, X, Cato, G, Charles, J, Chazette, Patrick, Chen, Y, Choularton, T, Chuang, P, Clarke, S, Coe, H, Cornet, C, Coutris, P, Couvreux, F, Crewell, S, Cronin, T, Cui, Z, Cuypers, Y, Daley, A, Damerell, G, Dauhut, T, De Graaf, D, De Groot, G, De Szoeke, S, Deneke, H, Desbios, J.-P, Douet, V, Drushka, K, Dütsch, M, Ehrlich, A, Emanuel, K, Emmanouilidis, A, Etienne, J.-C, Etienne-Leblanc, S, Faure, G, Feingold, G, Ferrero, L, Fix, A, Flamant, Cyrille, Flatau, P, Foltz, G, Gadian, A, Galewsky, J, Gallagher, M, Gallimore, P, Gaston, C, Gentemann, C, Geyskens, N, Giez, A, Gourbeyre, C, Grosz, R, Gutleben, M, Güttler, J, Hall, K, Harris, G, Helfer, K, Henze, D, Herbert, C, Holanda, B, Ibanez-Landeta, A, Intrieri, J, Iyer, S, Julien, F, Kalesse, H, Kazil, J, Kellman, A, Kirchner, U, Klingebiel, M, Kremper, L, Kretzschmar, J, Krüger, O, Kurz, A, Körner, M, L'hégaret, P, Lachlan-Cope, T, Laing, A, Landschützer, P, Lang, T, Lange, D, Lange, I, Laplace, C, Laxenaire, R, Le Bihan, C, Leandro, M, Lefevre, N, Lenschow, D, Li, Q, Lloyd, G, Los, S, Losi, N, Lovell, O, Luneau, C, Makuch, P, Malinowski, S, Manta, G, Marinou, E, Marsden, N, Matthieu, L, Maury, N, Mayer, B, Mayers-Als, M, Mazel, Christophe, Mcgeary, W, Mcwilliams, J, Mech, M, Mehlmann, M, Meroni, A, Mieslinger, T, Minikin, A, Avalos, Y, Muller, Caroline, Musat, I, Möller, G, Napoli, A, Neuberger, A, Noone, D, Nordsiek, F, Nowak, J, Oswald, L, Parker, D, Peck, C, Person, R, Plueddemann, A, Pologne, L, Posyniak, M, Prange, M, Pöhlker, C, Pörtge, V, Pöschl, U, Quiñones Meléndez, E, Radtke, J, Ramage, K, Reimann, J, Renault, L, Reus, K, Reyes, A, Ribbe, J, Ringel, M, Ritschel, M, Rocha, C, Rochetin, N, Rollo, C, Röttenbacher, J, Saffin, L, Sandiford, S, Sandu, I, Schemann, V, Schirmacher, I, Schlenczek, O, Schmidt, J, Schröder, M, Schulz, H, Schwarzenboeck, A, Schäfer, M, Sealy, A, Serikov, I, Shohan, S, Siddle, E, Siebesma, A, Späth, F, Stephan, C, Stolla, M, Szkółka, W, Tarot, S, Tetoni, E, Thompson, E, Thomson, J, Tomassini, L, Totems, J, Villiger, L, Walther, A, Webber, B, Wendisch, M, Whitehall, S, Wiltshire, A, Wing, A, Wirth, M, Wiskandt, J, Wolf, K, Worbes, L, Wright, E, Wulfmeyer, V, Young, S, Zhang, D, Zhang, C, Ziemen, F, Zinner, T, Zuidema, P, Zöger, M, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology (CIMH), Meteorological Institute [Hamburg], University of Hamburg, National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (NCAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle] (PMEL), Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology [Köln] (IGM), University of Cologne, Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPIDS), NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory (PSL), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), University of Leeds, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universität Hamburg (UHH), Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Universität zu Köln, École nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre (IRPHE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TROPO - LATMOS, Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

23. Development and theoretical modeling of a broadband, tunable, pulsed dye laser

Author

Ottinger, Ch., Slenczka, A., and Wulfmeyer, V.

Subjects
Dye lasers -- Research, Spectral energy distribution -- Measurement, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

An excimer-laser pumped, tunable dye laser for broadband emission has been constructed for a novel molecular-beam experiment. By using Littrow prisms of different refractions as the dispersive elements, bandwidths from 0.7-1.5 nm with a tuning range of 40 nm were obtained. Pulse-to-pulse spectra were measured with a grating spectrometer-CCD camera combination, and the statistical analysis demonstrated the good stability. A ray-tracing model was used to calculate the passive bandwidth for different configurations. Augmented by dynamic considerations, the model can be used to approximate very well the dependence of the active bandwidth on the pump power, and to estimate the relative active bandwidths for different prism materials.

Published
1994

25. HESS Opinions 'Should we apply bias correction to global and regional climate model data?'

Author

Ehret, Uwe, Zehe, Erwin, Wulfmeyer, V., Warrach-Sagi, K., and Liebert, J.

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, Earth sciences, lcsh:G, lcsh:T, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, ddc:550, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, lcsh:Technology, lcsh:TD1-1066, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract

Despite considerable progress in recent years, output of both global and regional circulation models is still afflicted with biases to a degree that precludes its direct use, especially in climate change impact studies. This is well known, and to overcome this problem, bias correction (BC; i.e. the correction of model output towards observations in a post-processing step) has now become a standard procedure in climate change impact studies. In this paper we argue that BC is currently often used in an invalid way: it is added to the GCM/RCM model chain without sufficient proof that the consistency of the latter (i.e. the agreement between model dynamics/model output and our judgement) as well as the generality of its applicability increases. BC methods often impair the advantages of circulation models by altering spatiotemporal field consistency, relations among variables and by violating conservation principles. Currently used BC methods largely neglect feedback mechanisms, and it is unclear whether they are time-invariant under climate change conditions. Applying BC increases agreement of climate model output with observations in hindcasts and hence narrows the uncertainty range of simulations and predictions without, however, providing a satisfactory physical justification. This is in most cases not transparent to the end user. We argue that this hides rather than reduces uncertainty, which may lead to avoidable forejudging of end users and decision makers. We present here a brief overview of state-of-the-art bias correction methods, discuss the related assumptions and implications, draw conclusions on the validity of bias correction and propose ways to cope with biased output of circulation models in the short term and how to reduce the bias in the long term. The most promising strategy for improved future global and regional circulation model simulations is the increase in model resolution to the convection-permitting scale in combination with ensemble predictions based on sophisticated approaches for ensemble perturbation. With this article, we advocate communicating the entire uncertainty range associated with climate change predictions openly and hope to stimulate a lively discussion on bias correction among the atmospheric and hydrological community and end users of climate change impact studies.

Published
2018

28. An alexandrite regenerative amplifier for water vapor and temperature measurements

Author

Thro, P.-Y, Boesenberg, J, and Wulfmeyer, V

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

The Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) technique is a powerful method for determining meteorological parameters, but it requires high quality of the laser source: high energy, very narrow bandwidth, high wavelength stability, and spectral purity. Although many efforts have been made to improve the lasers in view of these aspects, a satisfactory solution has not been demonstrated up to now. We describe a regenerative amplifier, using a Ti:sapphire laser as master oscillator and an alexandrite laser as slave amplifier, which is expected to meet the requirements for water vapor concentration and temperature measurements.

Published
1992

30. Vibrational-state-to-state collision-induced intramolecular energy transfer N2(A 3Σu+, v‘→B 3Πg, v’).

Author

Bachmann, R., Li, X., Ottinger, Ch., Vilesov, A. F., and Wulfmeyer, V.

Subjects
ENERGY transfer, MOLECULES, COLLISION spectroscopy
Abstract

Absolute cross sections for collision-induced intramolecular energy transfer from the metastable A 3Σu+ state into the radiating B 3Πg state of N2 have been measured for the first time under single-collision conditions, using a thermal energy molecular beam of N2(A). The collision partners studied were the five rare gases, H2, N2, NO, and O2. The product vibrational levels (B, v’=4–10) were separated using spectrally resolved detection by means of filters as in our earlier related work [R. Bachmann, X. Li, Ch. Ottinger, and A. F. Vilesov, J. Chem. Phys. 96, 5151 (1992)]. In addition, in the present study the contributing reactant state vibrational levels (A,v‘) were labeled, using optical pumping by a specially developed broad-band (∼1 nm) pulsed tunable dye laser. A depletion of up to 30% of a given v‘ level could be achieved, about one-half of the theoretical maximum, at a pump pulse energy of 4 mJ. This quantity was also measured directly using a second synchronized probe laser. Pumping on a particular A,v‘ level reduces the emission from the collisionally coupled B,v’ level by an amount which is a measure of the state-to-state cross section. Quasiresonant energy transfer was found to be strongly preferred, the cross section decreasing exponentially with an increasing energy gap. Absolute cross sections were obtained from a simultaneous measurement of the intensity of the fluorescence induced by the laser pumping of the selected A,v‘ level, with corrections for predissociation of the excited upper state. Cross sections on the order of 0.1 Å2 for He to 15 Å2 for Xe were found for closely resonant (ΔE≊100 cm-1) processes. These results as well as our earlier, absolute measurements of the analogous intramolecular N2(W→B) transfer, are discussed in terms of interaction potential models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1993
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31. The impact of standard and hard-coded parameters on the hydrologic fluxes in the Noah-MP land surface model

Author

Cuntz, Matthias, Mai, Juliane, Samaniego, Luis, Clark, M., Wulfmeyer, V., Branch, O., Attinger, Sabine, Thober, Stephan, Cuntz, Matthias, Mai, Juliane, Samaniego, Luis, Clark, M., Wulfmeyer, V., Branch, O., Attinger, Sabine, and Thober, Stephan

Abstract

Land surface models incorporate a large number of process descriptions, containing a multitude of parameters. These parameters are typically read from tabulated input files. Some of these parameters might be fixed numbers in the computer code though, which hinders model agility during calibration. Here we identified 139 hard-coded parameters in the model code of the Noah land surface model with multiple process options (Noah-MP). We performed a Sobol' global sensitivity analysis of Noah-MP for a specific set of process options which includes 42 out of the 71 standard parameters and 75 of the 139 hard-coded parameters. The sensitivities of the hydrologic output fluxes latent heat and total runoff as well as their component fluxes were evaluated at twelve catchments within the United States with very different hydro-meteorological regimes.Noah-MP's hydrologic output fluxes are sensitive to two thirds of its applicable standard parameters (i.e. Sobol' indexes above 1%). The most sensitive parameter is, however, a hard-coded value in the formulation of soil surface resistance for direct evaporation, which proved to be oversensitive in other land surface models as well. Surface runoff is sensitive to almost all hard-coded parameters of the snow processes and the meteorological inputs. These parameter sensitivities diminish in total runoff. Assessing these parameters in model calibration would require detailed snow observations or the calculation of hydrologic signatures of the runoff data. Latent heat and total runoff exhibit very similar sensitivities because of their tight coupling via the water balance. A calibration of Noah-MP against either of these fluxes should therefore give comparable results. Moreover, these fluxes are sensitive to both plant and soil parameters. Calibrating, for example, only soil parameters thus limits the ability to derive realistic model parameters.It is thus recommended to include the most sensitive hard-coded model parameters that were ex

Published
2016

34. High-power Ti:sapphire laser at 820 nm for scanning ground-based water-vapor differential absorption lidar

Author

Wagner, G., Behrendt, A., Wulfmeyer, V., Späth, F., Schiller, M., and Publica

Subjects
DIAL, differential absorption lidar, remote sensing and sensors, laser
Abstract

The Ti:sapphire (TISA) laser transmitter of the mobile, three-dimensional-scanning water-vapor differential absorption lidar (DIAL) of the University of Hohenheim is described in detail. The dynamically-stable, unidirectional ring resonator contains a single Brewster-cut TISA crystal, which is pumped from both sides with 250 Hz using a diode-pumped frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser. The resonator is injection seeded and actively frequency-stabilized using a phase-sensitive technique. The TISA laser is operating near 820 nm, which is optimum for ground-based water-vapor DIAL measurements. An average output power of up to 6.75Wwith a beam quality factor of M² < 2 is reached. The pointing stability is

Published
2013

35. The Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS): the scientific strategy, the field phase, and research highlights

Author

Wulfmeyer V, Behrendt A, Kottmeier C, Corsmeier U, Barthlott C, and Madonna F et all.

Subjects
orography, quantitative precipitation forecasting, thermally induced flow, verification, convection, aerosol-cloud-precipitation microphysics, data assimilation, land-surface exchange
Abstract

Within the framework of the international field campaign COPS (Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study), a large suite of state-of-the-art meteorological instrumentation was operated, partially combined for the first time. This includes networks of in situ and remote-sensing systems such as the Global Positioning System as well as a synergy of multi-wavelength passive and active remote-sensing instruments such as advanced radar and lidar systems. The COPS field phase was performed from 01 June to 31 August 2007 in a low-mountain area in southwestern Germany/eastern France covering the Vosges mountains, the Rhine valley and the Black Forest mountains. The collected data set covers the entire evolution of convective precipitation events in complex terrain from their initiation, to their development and mature phase until their decay. Eighteen Intensive Observation Periods with 37 operation days and eight additional Special Observation Periods were performed, providing a comprehensive data set covering different forcing conditions. In this article, an overview of the COPS scientific strategy, the field phase, and its first accomplishments is given. Highlights of the campaign are illustrated with several measurement examples. It is demonstrated that COPS research provides new insight into key processes leading to convection initiation and to the modification of precipitation by orography, in the improvement of quantitative precipitation forecasting by the assimilation of new observations, and in the performance of ensembles of convection-permitting models in complex terrain.

Published
2011

38. Observation of convection initiation processes with a suite of state-of-the-art research instruments during COPS IOP 8b

Author

Behrendt, Andreas, Pal, S., Aoshima, F., Bender, M., Blyth, A., Corsmeier, U., Cuesta, J., Dick, G., Dorninger, M, Flamant, Cyrille, Di Girolamo, P., Gorgas, T., Huang, Y., Kalthoff, N., Wieser, Andreas, Wulfmeyer, V., Khodayar, S., Mannstein, H., Träumner, K., Institut für Physik und Meteorologie [Stuttgart] (IPM), Universität Hohenheim, GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (NCAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik [Wien] (IMGW), Universität Wien, SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Fisica dell'Ambiente [Potenza] (Difa), Università degli studi della Basilicata [Potenza] (UNIBAS), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
Fernerkundung der Atmosphäre, Mountains, 550 - Earth sciences, precipitation, Remote sensing, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, Orography, convection
Abstract

International audience; In the afternoon of 15 July 2007, a thunderstorm was initiated within a line of cumulus clouds which formed parallel to the crest of the Black Forest mountains during the Intensive Observation Period (IOP) 8b of the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS). This paper extends the analysis of processes that led to convection initiation (CI), i.e. the transition from shallow to deep convection, on this day with the data from several COPS instruments that have not been considered in previous studies. In particular, the boundary-layer structure, lids and the water-vapour field in the pre-convective environment of the event are discussed. For this purpose, we investigated measurements of water-vapour lidars, temperature lidars and wind lidars, profiles from radiosondes, in situ aircraft data and gridded data of weather stations as well as GPS integrated-water-vapour data and satellite imagery. Thermally driven circulation systems formed over both the Black Forest and the Vosges mountain ranges which resulted in local convergence zones. These superimposed with the large-scale convergence in the Black Forest area. In the presence of sufficient moisture and updraught, clouds formed close to the mountain crests. The related latent-heat release allowed larger thermals to be produced, which may have had a positive feedback on stabilizing these convergence zones as a whole. We believe that differences in the moisture field explain why convection remained shallow and sparse over the Vosges mountains because these differences were responsible for differences in convective inhibition (CIN). The stationary location of the convergence zone over the southern Black Forest was probably decisive for CI because it constantly transported sensible and latent heat into the area in which CI took place.

Published
2011
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39. The Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS): the scientific strategy, the field phase, and research highlights RID G-9506-2011

Author

Wulfmeyer, V, Behrendt, A, Kottmeier, C, Corsmeier, U, Barthlott, C, Craig, Gc, Hagen, M, Althausen, D, Aoshima, F, Arpagaus, M, Bauer, Hs, Bennett, L, Blyth, A, Brandau, C, Champollion, C, Crewell, S, Dick, G, Di Girolamo, P, Dorninger, M, Dufournet, Y, Eigenmann, R, Engelmann, R, Flamant, C, Foken, T, Gorgas, T, Grzeschik, M, Handwerker, J, Hauck, C, Holler, H, Junkermann, W, Kalthoff, N, Kiemle, C, Klink, S, Konig, M, Krauss, L, Long, Cn, Madonna, F, Mobbs, S, Neininger, B, Pal, S, Peters, G, Pigeon, G, Richard, E, Rotach, Mw, Russchenberg, H, Schwitalla, T, Smith, V, Steinacker, R, Trentmann, J, Turner, Dd, van Baelen, J, Vogt, S, Volkert, H, Weckwerth, T, Wernli, H, Wieser, A, and Wirth, M

Published
2011

40. The water vapour intercomparison effort in the framework of the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study: airborne-to-ground-based and airborne-to-airborne lidar systems

Author

Bhawar, R., Di Girolamo, P., Summa, D., Flamant, Cyrille, Althausen, D., Behrendt, A., Kiemle, C., Bosser, P., Cacciani, M., Champollion, Cedric, Di Iorio, T., Engelmann, R., Herold, C., Müller, D., Pal, S., Wirth, M., Wulfmeyer, V., Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Fisica dell'Ambiente [Potenza] (Difa), Università degli studi della Basilicata [Potenza] (UNIBAS), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Institut für Physik und Meteorologie [Stuttgart] (IPM), Universität Hohenheim, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Laboratoire d'opto-électronique et de micro-informatique (LOEMI), Ecole nationale des sciences géographiques (ENSG), Institut géographique national [IGN] (IGN)-Institut géographique national [IGN] (IGN), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Risques (Géosciences Montpellier), Géosciences Montpellier, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)

Subjects
water vapour, Lidar, bias, dial, raman lidar, root-mean-square deviation, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, root-mean square deviation
Abstract

International audience; An intensive water vapour intercomparison effort, involving airborne and ground-based water vapour lidar systems, was carried out in the framework of the COPS experiment. The main objective of this paper is to provide accurate error estimates for these systems. Comparisons between the ground-based Raman lidar BASIL and the airborne CNRS DIAL (Differential Absorption Lidar) indicate a mean relative bias between the two sensors, calculated with respect to the mean value of −2.13% (−0.034 g kg−1) in the altitude region 0.5-3.5 km, while comparisons between BASIL and the airborne DLR DIAL lead to a mean relative bias of 1.87% (0.018 g kg−1) in this same altitude region. Comparisons between the ground-based UHOH DIAL and the CNRS DIAL indicate a bias of −3.2% (−0.37 × 1022 m−3) in the altitude range 1.5-4.5 km, while comparisons between the UHOH DIAL and the DLR DIAL indicate a bias of 0.83% (0.06 × 1022 m−3) in this same altitude range. Based on the available comparisons between the ground-based Raman lidar BERTHA and the CNRS DIAL, the mean relative bias is found to be −4.37% (−0.123 g kg−1) in the altitude region 0.5-4.5 km. Comparisons between the ground-based IGN Raman lidar and the CNRS DIAL indicate a bias of 3.18% (0.55 g kg−1) in the altitude range from 0.5 to 4.5 km, while comparisons between the CNRS DIAL and DLR DIAL result in a mean relative bias of 3.93% (1.1 × 1022 m−3) in the altitude interval 0.5-4.0 km. Based on the available statistics of comparisons, benefiting from the fact that the CNRS DIAL was able to be compared with all other lidar systems, and putting equal weight on the data reliability of each instrument, overall relative values for BASIL, BERTHA, IGN Raman lidar, UHOH DIAL, DLR DIAL, and CNRS DIAL, with respect to the mean value, are found to be −0.38, −2.60, 4.90, −1.43, −2.23 and 1.72%, respectively.

Published
2011
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44. La campagne Cops : genèse et cycle de vie de la convection en région montagneuse

Author

Richard, Evelyne, Flamant, C., Bouttier, F., Van Baelen, J., Chamollion, C., Argence, S., Arnault, J., Barthlott, C., Behrendt, A., Bosser, P., Chaboureau, J.-P., Corsmeier, U., Cuesta, J., Di Girolamo, P., Hagen, Martin, Kottmeier, C., Limnaios, P., Masson, F., Pigeon, G, Pointin, Y., Tridon, F., Seity, Y., and Wulfmeyer, V.

Subjects
meteorologische Beobachtungen, Einfluss von Gebirge, COPS, Messkampagne, Wolkenphysik und Verkehrsmeteorologie
Abstract

L'étude des précipitations convectives induites par l'orographie (Cops selon l'acronyme anglais) est un projet international coordonné qui comprend une campagne d'observations de terrain et un programme scientifique et qui vise à améliorer la qualité des prévisions des précipitations orographiques convectives à la fois par l'observation quadridimensionnelle et la modélisation de leur cycle de vie. La campagne de terrain s'est déroulée en juin-juillet-août 2007 sur l'est de la France et le sud-ouest de l'Allemagne. Son objectif majeur était de fournir un jeu d'observations météorologiques, in situ et à distance, aussi complet que possible et sur toute la profondeur de la colonne troposphérique. Après une brève revue d?ensemble du projet, l'article se concentre sur la contribution française à la campagne Cops, décrit le dispositif expérimental mis en oeuvre et met en valeur quelques observations clés. The Convective and Orographicallyinduced Precipitation Study (COPS) is a coordinated international project, comprised of an observational field campaign and a research programme aiming to advance the quality of forecasts of orographically-induced precipitation by four-dimensional observations and modelling of its life cycle. The COPS field campaign took place during June-July-August 2007 over eastern France and south-western Germany. Its main objective was to provide an unprecedented comprehensive set of in situ and remotely-sensed meteorological observations of the entire depth of the troposphere. After a short overview of the project, the paper focuses on the French contribution to the COPS field phase, describes the experimental setup and highlights some key observations.

Published
2009

45. Simulation of the performance of WALES based on an end-to-end model

Author

Di Girolamo, P., Summa, D., Bauer, H., Wulfmeyer, V., Andreas Behrendt, Ehret, G., Mayer, B., Wirth, M., and Kiemle, C.

Subjects
Lidar, Water Vapour Lidar, Experiment in Space, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

WALES (Water Vapour Lidar Experiment in Space) is one of the experiments considered by ESA for selection as Earth Explorer Core mission in the frame of the Earth Observation Envelope Programme. WALES is expected to provide accurate and global 4-d water vapour fields with high vertical resolution from a low Earth orbit satellite. The expected performances of WALES have been simulated through the application of an end-to-end model. In this work we provide an assessment of WALES daytime performances in clear sky and cloudy conditions. Expected performances are expressed in terms of systematic and noise errors in dependence of altitude and SNR for three selected reference atmospheric models (tropical, sub-Artic winter and US Standard Atmosphere). An estimate of the major components of the systematic error is also provided. Real atmospheric data from existing lidar systems have also been considered to estimate the performances of WALES in variable atmospheric conditions, as well as to determine the effects on system performances associated with atmospheric inhomogeneities and variable cloud scenes.

Published
2004

47. Water vapor turbulence profiles in stationary continental convective mixed layers

Author

Turner, D. D., Wulfmeyer, V., Berg, L. K., Schween, J. H., Turner, D. D., Wulfmeyer, V., Berg, L. K., and Schween, J. H.

Abstract

The U. S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program's Raman lidar at the ARM Southern Great Plains site in north central Oklahoma has collected water vapor mixing ratio (q) profile data more than 90% of the time since October 2004. Three hundred (300) cases were identified where the convective boundary layer was quasi-stationary and well mixed for a 2 h period, and q mean, variance, third-order moment, and skewness profiles were derived from the 10 s, 75 m resolution data. These cases span the entire calendar year, and demonstrate that the q variance profiles at the mixed layer (ML) top changes seasonally and is strongly related to the gradient of q across the interfacial layer. The q variance at the top of the ML shows onlyweak correlations (r < 0.3) with sensible heat flux, Deardorff convective velocity scale, and turbulence kinetic energy measured at the surface. The median q skewness profile is most negative at 0.85 z(i), zero at approximately z(i), and positive above z(i), where z(i) is the depth of the convective ML. The spread in the q skewness profiles is smallest between 0.95 z(i) and z(i). The q skewness at altitudes between 0.6 z(i) and 1.2 z(i) is correlated with the magnitude of the q variance at z(i), with increasingly negative values of skewness observed lower down in the ML as the variance at z(i) increases, suggesting that in cases with larger variance at z(i) there is deeper penetration of the warm, dry free tropospheric air into the ML.

Published
2014

48. Incorporating dynamic root growth enhances the performance of Noah-MP at two contrasting winter wheat field sites

Author

Gayler, S., Wöhling, T., Grzeschik, M., Ingwersen, J., Wizemann, H.-D., Warrach-Sagi, K., Högy, P., Attinger, Sabine, Streck, T., Wulfmeyer, V., Gayler, S., Wöhling, T., Grzeschik, M., Ingwersen, J., Wizemann, H.-D., Warrach-Sagi, K., Högy, P., Attinger, Sabine, Streck, T., and Wulfmeyer, V.

Abstract

Interactions between the soil, the vegetation, and the atmospheric boundary layer require close attention when predicting water fluxes in the hydrogeosystem, agricultural systems, weather, and climate. However, land-surface schemes used in large-scale models continue to show deficiencies in consistently simulating fluxes of water and energy from the subsurface through vegetation layers to the atmosphere. In this study, the multiphysics version of the Noah land-surface model (Noah-MP) was used to identify the processes, which are most crucial for a simultaneous simulation of water and heat fluxes between land surface and the lower atmosphere. Comprehensive field data sets of latent and sensible heat fluxes, ground heat flux, soil moisture, and leaf area index from two contrasting field sites in South-West Germany are used to assess the accuracy of simulations. It is shown that an adequate representation of vegetation-related processes is the most important control for a consistent simulation of energy and water fluxes in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. In particular, using a newly implemented submodule to simulate root growth dynamics has enhanced the performance of Noah-MP. We conclude that further advances in the representation of leaf area dynamics and root/soil moisture interactions are the most promising starting points for improving the simulation of feedbacks between the subsoil, land surface and atmosphere in fully coupled hydrological and atmospheric models.

Published
2014

49. HESS opinions: From response units to functional units: a thermodynamic reinterpretation of the HRU concept to link spatial organization and functioning of intermediate scale catchments

Author

Zehe, E., Ehret, U., Pfister, L., Blume, T., Schröder, B., Westhoff, M., Jackisch, C., Schymanski, S.J., Weiler, M., Schulz, K., Allroggen, N., Tronicke, J., van Schaik, L., Dietrich, Peter, Scherer, U., Eccard, J., Wulfmeyer, V., Kleidon, A., Zehe, E., Ehret, U., Pfister, L., Blume, T., Schröder, B., Westhoff, M., Jackisch, C., Schymanski, S.J., Weiler, M., Schulz, K., Allroggen, N., Tronicke, J., van Schaik, L., Dietrich, Peter, Scherer, U., Eccard, J., Wulfmeyer, V., and Kleidon, A.

Abstract

According to Dooge (1986) intermediate-scale catchments are systems of organized complexity, being too organized and yet too small to be characterized on a statistical/conceptual basis, but too large and too heterogeneous to be characterized in a deterministic manner. A key requirement for building structurally adequate models precisely for this intermediate scale is a better understanding of how different forms of spatial organization affect storage and release of water and energy. Here, we propose that a combination of the concept of hydrological response units (HRUs) and thermodynamics offers several helpful and partly novel perspectives for gaining this improved understanding. Our key idea is to define functional similarity based on similarity of the terrestrial controls of gradients and resistance terms controlling the land surface energy balance, rainfall runoff transformation, and groundwater storage and release. This might imply that functional similarity with respect to these specific forms of water release emerges at different scales, namely the small field scale, the hillslope, and the catchment scale. We thus propose three different types of "functional units" – specialized HRUs, so to speak – which behave similarly with respect to one specific form of water release and with a characteristic extent equal to one of those three scale levels. We furthermore discuss an experimental strategy based on exemplary learning and replicate experiments to identify and delineate these functional units, and as a promising strategy for characterizing the interplay and organization of water and energy fluxes across scales. We believe the thermodynamic perspective to be well suited to unmask equifinality as inherent in the equations governing water, momentum, and energy fluxes: this is because several combinations of gradients and resistance terms yield the same mass or energy flux and the terrestrial controls of gradients and resistance terms are largely independent. We

Published
2014

50. Concept and workflow for 3D visualization of atmospheric data in a virtual reality environment for analytical approaches

Author

Helbig, Carolin, Bauer, H.-S., Rink, Karsten, Wulfmeyer, V., Frank, M., Kolditz, Olaf, Helbig, Carolin, Bauer, H.-S., Rink, Karsten, Wulfmeyer, V., Frank, M., and Kolditz, Olaf

Abstract

In the future, climate change will strongly influence our environment and living conditions. Weather and Climate simulations that predict possible changes produce big data sets. The combination of various variables of climate models with spatial data from different sources helps to identify correlations and to study key processes. In this paper, the results of the Weather Research and Forecasting model are visualized for two regions. For this purpose, a continuous workflow that leads from the integration of heterogeneous raw data to 3D visualizations that can be displayed on a desktop computer or in an interactive virtual reality environment is developed. These easy-to-understand visualizations of complex data are the basis for scientific communication and for the evaluation and verification of models as well as for interdisciplinary discussions of the research results.

Published
2014

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