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IntroductionOsteosarcoma is a common bone malignant tumor in adolescents with high mortality and poor prognosis. At present, the progress of osteosarcoma and effective treatment strategies are not clear. This study provides a new potential target for the progression and treatment of osteosarcoma.MethodsThe relationship between lncRNA PRR7-AS1 and osteosarcoma was analyzed using the osteosarcoma databases and clinical sample testing. Cell function assays and tumor lung metastasis were employed to study the effects of PRR7-AS1 on tumorigenesis in vivo and in vitro. Potential downstream RNF2 of PRR7-AS1 was identified and explored using RNA pulldown and RIP. The GTRD and KnockTF database were used to predict the downstream target gene, MTUS1, and ChIP-qPCR experiments were used to verify the working mechanismy. Rescue experiments were utilized to confirm the role of MTUS1 in the pathway.ResultsDeep mining of osteosarcoma databases combined with clinical sample testing revealed a positive correlation between lncRNA PRR7-AS1 and osteosarcoma progression. Knockdown of PRR7-AS1 inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, RNA pulldown and RIP revealed that PRR7-AS1 may bind RNF2 to play a cancer-promoting role. ChIP-qPCR experiments were utilized to validate the working mechanism of the downstream target gene MTUS1. RNF2 inhibited the transcription of MTUS1 through histone H2A lysine 119 monoubiquitin. Rescue experiments confirmed MTUS1 as a downstream direct target of PRR7-AS1 and RNF2.DiscussionWe identified lncRNA PRR7-AS1 as an important oncogene in osteosarcoma progression, indicating that it may be a potential target for diagnosis and prognosis of osteosarcoma.

The singing bowl is used not only for the instrument of Buddhism but also for musical therapy. This work aims to investigate the correlation of vibration modes and percussion sound for singing bowls. A typical singing bowl is first selected to perform finite element analysis (FEA) for theoretical modal analysis (TMA) as well as experimental modal analysis (EMA). Modal parameters of singing bowl, including natural frequencies and mode shapes, can be obtained from analysis and experiment, respectively. Singing bowl FE model can then be updated and verified by adjusting material properties and used to predict structural vibration modes. The percussion sound of singing bowl is also measured to obtain its sound spectrum. The peak frequency response of singing bowl sound can be interpreted and contributed from circular vibration modes of the bowl. With the knowledge of sound generation mechanism for the singing bowl, this work also studies the percussion sound characteristics of seven different sizes of singing bowls. Results show the fundamental frequency and overtone frequencies of singing bowl percussion sound are higher for the smaller size. Interestingly, that the peak resonant frequencies have near the integer ratio relationship makes the singing bowl revealing harmony sound effects. The radiated sound spectrum can be well calibrated and predicted for different sizes of singing bowls. This work shows the analytical and experimental approaches in studying the singing bowl percussion sound that strongly correlated to structural vibration modes and can be adopted for future development of singing bowls.

Breast cancer is among the most common malignant cancers in women. B‐cell‐specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (BMI‐1) is a transcriptional repressor that has been shown to be involved in tumorigenesis, the cell cycle, and stem cell maintenance. In our study, increased expression of BMI‐1 was found in both human triple negative breast cancer and luminal A‐type breast cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues. We also found that knockdown of BMI‐1 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanistic research demonstrated that BMI‐1 directly bound to the promoter region of CDKN2D/BRCA1 and inhibited its transcription in MCF‐7/MDA‐MB‐231. More importantly, we discovered that knockdown of CDKN2D/BRCA1 could promote cell proliferation and migration after repression by PTC‐209. Our results reveal that BMI‐1 transcriptionally suppressed BRCA1 in TNBC cell lines whereas, in luminal A cell lines, CDKN2D was the target gene. This provides a reference for the precise treatment of different types of breast cancer in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mechanical properties and load vs. displacement diagrams, and fatigue life, mechanisms and load vs. cycles curves were received for fiber metal laminates (FMLs) with original and inclined edge cracks at room and elevated temperatures. The mixed mode stress intensity factors and J-integral of cracked FMLs were obtained. The bridging stresses was considered in the modified Paris Law to predict fatigue life of inclined crack FMLs. The predicted results of fatigue life with vertical cracks at room temperature were satisfactorily well. The fatigue life of samples with inclined cracks at elevated temperature the scatter was also acceptable within minor errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to establish a feasible model for analysing factors affecting piglet litter performance at birth. Data of 61,984 litters were collected from 16 herds, and general linear model (GLM), multilevel Poisson regression model (MPM) and multilevel linear model (MLM) were established to compare their goodness of fit for these data. Influencing factors of piglet litter performance at birth were analysed using the established optimal model. Results showed the intraclass correlation coefficients of total born piglets (TBP), piglets born alive (PBA), low‐birth‐weight piglets (LBW), and average birth weight of piglets (ABW) reached 27.89%, 23.88%, 24.66% and 22.27%, respectively (p <.05). Akaike's information criterion and Bayesian information criterion in MLM of TBP, PBA, LBW and ABW were lower than those in GLM. Pearson residuals in MPM increased to nearly 1 after introduction of a discrete scale factor, and the p values in MPM were similar to those in MLM. Analyses of MLM indicated crossbred sows with good management supplemented with oregano essential oil and farrowing at warm season had higher TBA, PBA and ABW, but lower LBW than other sows (p <.05). In conclusion, MLM is superior to GLM and can replace MPM in analysing discrete data with hierarchical structure in pig production. More importantly, other potential influencing factors of litter performance at birth can be analysed using the established MLM in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To biodegrade the diesel pollution in aqueous solution inoculated with Mycobacterium and filamentous fungi. Methods: Bacteria sampled from petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated sites in Karamay Oilfield were isolated and identified as Mycobacterium hyalinum (MH) and cladosporium. Spectrophotometry and gas chromatography (GC) were used to analyze of the residual concentrations of diesel oil and its biodegradation products. Results: From the GC data, the values of apparent biodegradation ratio of the bacterial strain MH to diesel oil were close to those obtained in the control experiments. Moreover, the number of MH did not increase with degradation time. However, by using n-octadecane instead of diesel oil, the real biotic degradation ratio increased to 20.9% over 5 days of degradation. Cladosporium strongly biodegraded diesel oil with a real degradation ratio of up to 34% after 5 days treatment. When the two strains were used simultaneously, a significant synergistic effect between them resulted in almost complete degradation of diesel oil, achieving a total diesel removal of 99% over 5 days of treatment, in which one part of about 80% and another part of about 19% were attributed to biotic and abiotic processes, respectively. Conclusion: The observed synergistic effect was closely related to the aromatics-degrading ability of Cladosporium, which favored the growth of MH and promoted the bioavailability of diesel oil. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background and Objective: The rapid development of computer technology has led to a revolutionary transformation in artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted healthcare. The integration of whole-slide imaging technology with AI algorithms has facilitated the development of digital pathology for lung cancer (LC). However, there is a lack of comprehensive scientometric analysis in this field., Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted on 197 publications related to digital pathology in LC from 502 institutions across 39 countries, published in 97 academic journals in the Web of Science Core Collection between 2004 and 2023., Results: Our analysis has identified the United States and China as the primary research nations in the field of digital pathology in LC. However, it is important to note that the current research primarily consists of independent studies among countries, emphasizing the necessity of strengthening academic collaboration and data sharing between nations. The current focus and challenge of research related to digital pathology in LC lie in enhancing the accuracy of classification and prediction through improved deep learning algorithms. The integration of multi-omics studies presents a promising future research direction. Additionally, researchers are increasingly exploring the application of digital pathology in immunotherapy for LC patients., Conclusions: In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive knowledge framework for digital pathology in LC, highlighting research trends, hotspots, and gaps in this field. It also provides a theoretical basis for the application of AI in clinical decision-making for LC patients., Competing Interests: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2024.)

Compared with Europe and America, adoption of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination into national immunization programs across the Asia-Pacific (AP) region has remained low. Moreover, HPV burden in this region has not been reviewed comprehensively. Therefore, this systematic literature review (SLR) aimed to summarize the clinical and economic burden of HPV and HPV-related diseases in select AP areas. An SLR was conducted January 2000-February 2022 using MEDLINE/Embase. Observational studies reporting incidence, prevalence, costs, or healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) of HPV and HPV-related disease among adults (≥18 years) from select AP areas were included. A total of 254 publications were included. Reported incidence per 100,000 person-years was 15.4-252.0 for cervical cancer ( n  = 5 publications), 0.2-55.5 for head and neck cancer ( n  = 7 publications), and 0.2-13.7 for anal cancer ( n  = 4 publications). Prevalence rates were 9.1%-100% for cervical cancer ( n  = 40 publications), 0.0%-95.6% for head and neck cancer ( n  = 48 publications), 0.0%-100% for anal cancer ( n  = 4 publications), 36.0%-79.6% for penile cancer ( n  = 4 publications), and 44.0%-82.0% for vaginal/vulvar cancer ( n  = 3 publications). Few studies reported on costs or HCRU, and high data variability was observed. Despite data variability, the high burden of HPV and HPV-related diseases makes clear the need for effective HPV screening, greater education, and reductions in vaccine hesitancy, particularly among lower- and middle-income areas. Improved data collection measures should be considered in data-scarce areas to better inform policy decision-making and improve monitoring of the impact of HPV vaccination.

There is limited literature on current human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in the Asia-Pacific region. This integrative literature review was conducted to describe HPV vaccination programs in Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. Program descriptions, recommendations, f unding, and coverage data were extracted. Twenty-five citations were included. As of 2022, eight of the 10 areas of interest include HPV in their national immunization program (NIP) for school-aged girls; full implementation in Indonesia is expected in 2023 whereas Vietnam's NIP does not include HPV. Singapore also includes HPV vaccination for women (18-26 years). None of the HPV vaccination programs include males. In most areas ( n  = 7), programs include only one vaccine option. While female HPV NIPs are present in the Asia-Pacific region, opportunities remain to strengthen NIPs in broader populations (e.g., males, catch-up cohorts) to expand public health impact and provide gender equity in HPV vaccination.

Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of the BIOMED-2 PCR assay and its implication in the diagnosis of mature B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas., Methods: Clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical features of 72 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were studied, including 25 reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, 37 diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) and 35 extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa associated lymphoid tissues (MALT lymphoma and in addition, 25 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia were used as the controls). DNA was exacted from the paraffin embedded formalin fixed tissue blocks and the quality of DNA was assessed using the BIOMED-2 specimen control reaction. Adequate samples were then analyzed by BIOMED-2 for immunoglobulin heavy and kappa light chain rearrangements., Results: Adequate DNA was obtained in 83 of 97 samples, including 60 mature B cell lymphomas and 23 reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Clonal B-cell gene rearrangements were detected in 57 of 60 (95%) lymphomas. In contrast, clonal Ig gene rearrangements were not detected in any of the 23 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia., Conclusion: BIOMED-2 assay is highly sensitive and specific for the detection of clonal B cell gene rearrangement using routine paraffin embedded formalin fixed specimens.