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An effective identification and discovery of fungal pigments is very important to illustrate the role of fungal pigments in the life process and conduce to the discovery of new bioactive and edible pigments. The phenotype combined with metabolomic and genomic (PMG) strategy led to the discovery and characterization of three new sorbicillinoid pigments, stasorbicillinoids A–C (1–3), and five known analogues (4–8) from the sponge-derived fungus Stagonosporasp. SYSU-MS7888. Their structures were elucidated by the application of spectroscopic methods (NMR, MS, UV, IR, and ECD) and modified Mosher’s method. Compounds 1and 2featured novel naphthone nuclei linked by two alkyl side chains possibly undergoing inter- and intramolecular Michael reactions. Compounds 1–8exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity with IC50values in the range of 3.56–22.8 μM. Furthermore, compound 2inhibited the production of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. This study provides an effective strategy to accelerate the discovery of new fungal pigments and further exploration of their potential applications in different fields such as medicine and food industries.

Unprecedented picoline-derived meroterpenoids, amphichoterpenoids A–C, possessing a pyrano[3,2-c]pyridinyl-γ-pyranone skeleton, were characterized from the ascidian-derived fungus Amphichorda felina(A. felina) using a modified encapsulated nanodroplet crystallization method to afford the crystals.