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Most of the known ionic electrical components are fabricated from petroleum-based raw materials and are not recyclable or degradable. A necessary solution involving the green fabrication of ionic conductors, which requires efficiency, scalability, and environmental friendliness, should be developed. Herein, we prepared a liquid-free dynamic polymer network based on the biobased monomer thioctic acid. Through simple and efficient copolymerization, the synthetic performance of the ionic conductive elastomer was effectively adjusted. With its high transparency, good extensibility, and ideal conductivity, the synthetic elastomer was applied in a strain sensor to detect the movements of organisms. Due to its dynamic disulfide bonds and various noncovalent interactions, the synthetic ionic conductive elastomer exhibited an intrinsic self-healing ability, a desirable recyclability, and certain degradability. This research provides a new perspective and method for coordinating synthetic efficiency, multilevel structures, and overall performance of smart materials for soft electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses modifications to the commercially available SPICE 2 program that allow the accurate simulation of thyristor circuits. A near-ideal switch model of a thyristor is developed using resistive components, thus eliminating the problems associated with transistor models. The simulator SPICE 2G.6 is modified and a new input format for the thyristor is implemented. Examples of simulations with the new model agree closely with theoretical and experimental investigations.

Ship density is widely accepted as a basic and major indicator to reflect the marine traffic situation, but it has some limitations in representing the compactness and complexity of ship traffic. To overcoming these limitations, the paper proposes a novel ship density model based on the radial distribution function in molecular dynamics. The proposed model can identify the density and compactness of traffic around each ship and then map the ship density from a microscopic perspective. In addition, the proposed model can identify the global density and the complexity of ship traffic to some extent in the macroscopic perspective. Utilising case studies, the effectiveness of the proposed model is validated through the analysis of ship density in several regions in the Bohai Strait area. The proposed model is developed to help marine surveillance operators gain a better understanding of the traffic situation and to assist them in their work, eventually contributing to navigational safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY In this paper, the principles of the three-phase saturated transformer coupling new-type solid state fault current limiter (SSFCL) are studied using the equivalent circuit method; in addition, considering the nonlinearity of the iron core material in the saturated transformer, the circuit field-coupled 3-D finite-element analysis is employed to investigate the transient performance of the proposed SSFCL. The analysis and simulation results show that the novel SSFCL has negligible impact on the power system during the normal operating stage, automatic response to the short-circuit fault, and especially low secondary voltage level during the current-limiting stage, which are of great significance to the reduction of the thyristor voltage level, the DC reactance, as well as the volume and cost of the whole SSFCL. The current-limiting effect is also tested in the simulation of a multi-machine power system with the protection of SSFCL. Last, the comparison of the simulation and experimental results proves the feasibility of the proposed SSFCL. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine traffic survey is a fundamental part of marine traffic engineering. In the assessment of the safety or effectiveness in particular water areas, the distribution of ship tracks is always included as one of the most significant results of a marine traffic survey. In this paper, methods of marine traffic survey are discussed and an appropriate method is selected to obtain the traffic data considering the available research circumstances in China. A semiautomatic artificial way of plotting a distribution diagram of ship tracks is presented with illustrations. Details of the diagram plotted by using the collected traffic data are described for reference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]