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Callose, a β‐1,3‐glucan plant cell wall polymer, regulates symplasmic channel size at plasmodesmata (PD) and plays a crucial role in a variety of plant processes. However, elucidating the molecular mechanism of PD callose homeostasis is limited. We screened and identified an Arabidopsis mutant plant with excessive callose deposition at PD and found that the mutated gene was α1‐COP, a member of the coat protein I (COPI) coatomer complex. We report that loss of function of α1‐COP elevates the callose accumulation at PD by affecting subcellular protein localization of callose degradation enzyme PdBG2. This process is linked to the functions of ERH1, an inositol phosphoryl ceramide synthase, and glucosylceramide synthase through physical interactions with the α1‐COP protein. Additionally, the loss of function of α1‐COP alters the subcellular localization of ERH1 and GCS proteins, resulting in a reduction of GlcCers and GlcHCers molecules, which are key sphingolipid (SL) species for lipid raft formation. Our findings suggest that α1‐COP protein, together with SL modifiers controlling lipid raft compositions, regulates the subcellular localization of GPI‐anchored PDBG2 proteins, and hence the callose turnover at PD and symplasmic movement of biomolecules. Our findings provide the first key clue to link the COPI‐mediated intracellular trafficking pathway to the callose‐mediated intercellular signaling pathway through PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A meta‐analysis research was implemented to appraise the effect of antibiotic bone cement (ABC) in treating infected diabetic foot wounds (IDFWs). Inclusive literature research till April 2023 was done and 1237 interconnected researches were revised. The 15 selected researches enclosed 895 IDFWs persons were in the utilized researchers' starting point, 449 of them were utilizing ABC, and 446 were in the control group. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were utilized to appraise the consequence of ABC in treating IDFWs by the contentious approach and a fixed or random model. ABC had significantly lower wound healing time (MD, −9.83; 95% CI, −12.45–−7.20, p < 0.001), and time to bacterial conversion of the wound (MD, −7.30; 95% CI, −10.38–−4.32, p < 0.001) compared to control in IDFWs persons. However, caution needs to be taken when interacting with its values since there was a low sample size of most of the chosen research found for the comparisons in the meta‐analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study published in the British Journal of Dermatology explores the causal relationship between elevated body mass index (BMI) and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic inflammatory skin disorder. The study utilized Mendelian randomization analysis, which uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to identify causal associations. The analysis revealed a significant causal impact of BMI on HS, with each 1 SD increase in genetically predicted BMI levels resulting in a 2.62 odds ratio for HS. Possible mechanisms linking obesity and HS include alterations in the microbiome and a shared proinflammatory molecular profile. Further research is needed to confirm these findings in other populations. [Extracted from the article]

This NMA included 11 phase II or III studies involving 5735 patients with PsA, with large phase III data available for upadacitinib, tofacitinib, and apremilast. When considering both safety and efficacy, novel JAKi, especially filgotinib 200 mg QD and upadacitinib 15 mg QD, appeared to be promising oral options for PsA treatment, implying the need for further investigation and verification. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) affects up to one-third of patients with psoriasis, impacting six clinical domains including peripheral arthritis, dactylitis, enthesitis, psoriasis, psoriatic nail disease, and axial disease.[1] According to the updated treatment recommendations for PsA, Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) and phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors (PDE-4i) are respectively recommended for the treatment of PsA in five domains.[2] These two important classes of oral targeted synthetic drugs provide alternative options for PsA patients who are non-responsive or experience loss of efficacy to conventional synthetic or biologic agents, while offering advantages in terms of patient convenience and improved quality of life.[[3]] However, few studies have evaluated the benefit and risk profile of these oral small-molecule drugs in PsA. [Extracted from the article]