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8. Association of baseline core volume and early midline shift in acute stroke patients with a large ischaemic core

Author

Yi, Ting-yu, primary, Wu, Yan-min, additional, Lin, Ding-lai, additional, Lang, Feng-long, additional, Yang, Yu-yan, additional, Pan, Zhi-nan, additional, Zheng, Xiu-fen, additional, Hong, Gan-ji, additional, Wu, Mei-hua, additional, Lin, Xiao-hui, additional, Chen, Rong-cheng, additional, Zeng, Lisan, additional, Chen, Wen-huo, additional, and Sui, Yi, additional

Published
2023
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9. Application of Balloon AngioplaSty with the dIstal protection of Stent Retriever (BASIS) technique for acute intracranial artery atherosclerosis-related occlusion

Author

Yi, Ting-yu, primary, Wu, Yan-min, additional, Lin, Ding-lai, additional, Pan, Zhi-nan, additional, Zheng, Xiu-fen, additional, Gan, Ji, additional, Wu, Mei-hua, additional, Lin, Xiao-hui, additional, Chen, Rong-cheng, additional, Zeng, Li-san, additional, and Chen, Wen-huo, additional

Published
2022
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11. The 2021 WHO catalogue of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex mutations associated with drug resistance: a genotypic analysis

Author

Walker, Timothy M, primary, Miotto, Paolo, additional, Köser, Claudio U, additional, Fowler, Philip W, additional, Knaggs, Jeff, additional, Iqbal, Zamin, additional, Hunt, Martin, additional, Chindelevitch, Leonid, additional, Farhat, Maha R, additional, Cirillo, Daniela Maria, additional, Comas, Iñaki, additional, Posey, James, additional, Omar, Shaheed V, additional, Peto, Timothy EA, additional, Suresh, Anita, additional, Uplekar, Swapna, additional, Laurent, Sacha, additional, Colman, Rebecca E, additional, Nathanson, Carl-Michael, additional, Zignol, Matteo, additional, Walker, Ann Sarah, additional, Crook, Derrick W, additional, Ismail, Nazir, additional, Rodwell, Timothy C, additional, Walker, A Sarah, additional, Steyn, Adrie J C, additional, Lalvani, Ajit, additional, Baulard, Alain, additional, Christoffels, Alan, additional, Mendoza-Ticona, Alberto, additional, Trovato, Alberto, additional, Skrahina, Alena, additional, Lachapelle, Alexander S, additional, Brankin, Alice, additional, Piatek, Amy, additional, Gibertoni Cruz, Ana, additional, Koch, Anastasia, additional, Cabibbe, Andrea Maurizio, additional, Spitaleri, Andrea, additional, Brandao, Angela P, additional, Chaiprasert, Angkana, additional, Barbova, Anna, additional, Van Rie, Annelies, additional, Ghodousi, Arash, additional, Bainomugisa, Arnold, additional, Mandal, Ayan, additional, Roohi, Aysha, additional, Javid, Babak, additional, Zhu, Baoli, additional, Letcher, Brice, additional, Rodrigues, Camilla, additional, Nimmo, Camus, additional, NATHANSON, Carl-Michael, additional, Duncan, Carla, additional, Coulter, Christopher, additional, Utpatel, Christian, additional, Liu, Chunfa, additional, Grazian, Clara, additional, Kong, Clare, additional, Wilson, Daniel J, additional, Matias, Daniela, additional, Jorgensen, Danielle, additional, Zimenkov, Danila, additional, Chetty, Darren, additional, Moore, David AJ, additional, Clifton, David A, additional, van Soolingen, Dick, additional, Liu, Dongxin, additional, Kohlerschmidt, Donna, additional, Barreira, Draurio, additional, Ngcamu, Dumisani, additional, Santos Lazaro, Elias David, additional, Kelly, Ellis, additional, Borroni, Emanuele, additional, Roycroft, Emma, additional, Andre, Emmanuel, additional, Böttger, Erik C, additional, Robinson, Esther, additional, Menardo, Fabrizio, additional, Mendes, Flavia F, additional, Jamieson, Frances B, additional, Coll, Francesc, additional, Gao, George Fu, additional, Kasule, George W, additional, Rossolini, Gian Maria, additional, Rodger, Gillian, additional, Smith, E Grace, additional, Meintjes, Graeme, additional, Thwaites, Guy, additional, Hoffmann, Harald, additional, Albert, Heidi, additional, Cox, Helen, additional, Laurenson, Ian F, additional, Arandjelovic, Irena, additional, Barilar, Ivan, additional, Robledo, Jaime, additional, Millard, James, additional, Johnston, James, additional, Posey, Jamie, additional, Andrews, Jason R, additional, Gardy, Jennifer, additional, Guthrie, Jennifer, additional, Taylor, Jill, additional, Werngren, Jim, additional, Metcalfe, John, additional, Coronel, Jorge, additional, Shea, Joseph, additional, Carter, Joshua, additional, Pinhata, Juliana MW, additional, Kus, Julianne V, additional, Todt, Katharina, additional, Holt, Kathryn, additional, Nilgiriwala, Kayzad S, additional, Ghisi, Kelen T, additional, Malone, Kerri M, additional, Faksri, Kiatichai, additional, Musser, Kimberlee A, additional, Joseph, Lavania, additional, Rigouts, Leen, additional, Jarrett, Lisa, additional, Grandjean, Louis, additional, Ferrazoli, Lucilaine, additional, Rodrigues, Mabel, additional, Farhat, Maha, additional, Schito, Marco, additional, Fitzgibbon, Margaret M, additional, Loembé, Marguerite Massinga, additional, Wijkander, Maria, additional, Ballif, Marie, additional, Rabodoarivelo, Marie-Sylvianne, additional, Mihalic, Marina, additional, WILCOX, Mark, additional, ZIGNOL, Matteo, additional, Merker, Matthias, additional, Egger, Matthias, additional, O'Donnell, Max, additional, Caws, Maxine, additional, Wu, Mei-Hua, additional, Whitfield, Michael G, additional, Inouye, Michael, additional, Mansjö, Mikael, additional, Dang Thi, Minh Ha, additional, Joloba, Moses, additional, Kamal, SM Mostofa, additional, Okozi, Nana, additional, ISMAIL, Nazir, additional, Mistry, Nerges, additional, Hoang, Nhung N, additional, Rakotosamimanana, Niaina, additional, Paton, Nicholas I, additional, Rancoita, Paola M V, additional, Lapierre, Pascal, additional, Hall, Patricia J, additional, Tang, Patrick, additional, Claxton, Pauline, additional, Wintringer, Penelope, additional, Keller, Peter M, additional, Thai, Phan Vuong Khac, additional, Supply, Philip, additional, Srilohasin, Prapaporn, additional, Suriyaphol, Prapat, additional, Rathod, Priti, additional, Kambli, Priti, additional, Groenheit, Ramona, additional, Ong, Rick Twee-Hee, additional, Warren, Robin M, additional, Wilkinson, Robert J, additional, Diel, Roland, additional, Oliveira, Rosangela S, additional, Khot, Rukhsar, additional, Jou, Ruwen, additional, Tahseen, Sabira, additional, Gharbia, Saheer, additional, Kouchaki, Samaneh, additional, Shah, Sanchi, additional, Plesnik, Sara, additional, Earle, Sarah G, additional, Dunstan, Sarah, additional, Hoosdally, Sarah J, additional, Mitarai, Satoshi, additional, Gagneux, Sebastien, additional, Yao, Shen-Yuan, additional, Grandjean Lapierre, Simon, additional, Battaglia, Simone, additional, Niemann, Stefan, additional, Pandey, Sushil, additional, Halse, Tanya A, additional, Cohen, Ted, additional, Cortes, Teresa, additional, Prammananan, Therdsak, additional, Kohl, Thomas A, additional, Thuong, Nguyen T T, additional, Teo, Tik Ying, additional, Peto, Timothy E A, additional, William, Timothy, additional, Walker, Timothy M, additional, Rogers, Thomas R, additional, Surve, Utkarsha, additional, Mathys, Vanessa, additional, Furió, Victoria, additional, Cook, Victoria, additional, Vijay, Srinivasan, additional, Escuyer, Vincent, additional, Dreyer, Viola, additional, Sintchenko, Vitali, additional, Saphonn, Vonthanak, additional, Solano, Walter, additional, Lin, Wan-Hsuan, additional, van Gemert, Wayne, additional, He, Wencong, additional, Yang, Yang, additional, Zhao, Yanlin, additional, Qin, Youwen, additional, Xiao, Yu-Xin, additional, Hasan, Zahra, additional, and Puyen, Zully M, additional

Published
2022
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12. Bedaquiline Drug Resistance Emergence Assessment in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB): a 5-Year Prospective In Vitro Surveillance Study of Bedaquiline and Other Second-Line Drug Susceptibility Testing in MDR-TB Isolates

Author

Kaniga, Koné, primary, Hasan, Rumina, additional, Jou, Ruwen, additional, Vasiliauskienė, Edita, additional, Chuchottaworn, Charoen, additional, Ismail, Nazir, additional, Metchock, Beverly, additional, Miliauskas, Skaidrius, additional, Viet Nhung, Nguyen, additional, Rodrigues, Camilla, additional, Shin, Soyoun, additional, Simsek, Hulya, additional, Smithtikarn, Saijai, additional, Ngoc, Anh Le Thi, additional, Boonyasopun, Jirakan, additional, Kazi, Mubin, additional, Kim, Seungmo, additional, Kamolwat, Phalin, additional, Musteikiene, Greta, additional, Sacopon, Catherine Ann, additional, Tahseen, Sabira, additional, Vasiliauskaitė, Laima, additional, Wu, Mei-Hua, additional, and Vally Omar, Shaheed, additional

Published
2022
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13. Bedaquiline Drug Resistance Emergence Assessment in MDR-TB (DREAM): a 5-year prospective in-vitro surveillance study of bedaquiline and other second-line drug-susceptibility testing in MDR-TB isolates

Author

Kaniga, Koné, Hasan, Rumina, Jou, Ruwen, Vasiliauskienė, Edita, Chuchottaworn, Charoen, Ismail, Nazir, Metchock, Beverly, Miliauskas, Skaidrius, Viet Nhung, Nguyen, Rodrigues, Camilla, Shin, Soyoun, Simsek, Hulya, Smithtikarn, Saijai, Ngoc, Anh Le Thi, Boonyasopun, Jirakan, Kazi, Mubin, Kim, Seungmo, Kamolwat, Phalin, Musteikienė, Greta, Sacopon, Catherine Ann, Tahseen, Sabira, Vasiliauskaitė, Laima, Wu, Mei-Hua, and Vally Omar, Shaheed

Subjects
Bedaquiline, drug-resistance, drug-susceptibility testing, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis, variants
Abstract

Bedaquiline Drug Resistance Emergence Assessment in Multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis (MDR-TB) (DREAM) was a 5-year (2015–2019) phenotypic drug-resistance surveillance study across 11 countries. DREAM assessed the susceptibility of 5036 MDR-TB isolates of bedaquiline-treatment-naïve patients to bedaquiline and other anti-tuberculosis drugs by the 7H9 broth microdilution (BMD) and 7H10/7H11 agar dilution (AD) minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. Bedaquiline AD MIC quality control (QC) range for the H37Rv reference strain was unchanged, but the BMD MIC QC range (0.015–0.12 μg/ml) was adjusted compared with ranges from a multilaboratory, multicountry reproducibility study conforming to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Tier-2 criteria. Epidemiological cut-off values of 0.12 μg/ml by BMD and 0.25 μg/ml by AD were consistent with previous bedaquiline breakpoints. An area of technical uncertainty or Intermediate category was set at 0.25 μg/ml and 0.5 μg/ml for BMD and AD, respectively. When applied to the 5036 MDR-TB isolates, bedaquiline-susceptible, intermediate and bedaquiline-resistant rates were 97.9%, 1.5% and 0.6%, respectively, for BMD, and 98.8%, 0.8% and 0.4% for AD. Resistance rates were: ofloxacin 35.1%, levofloxacin 34.2%, moxifloxacin 33.3%, 1.5% linezolid and 2% clofazimine. Phenotypic cross resistance between bedaquiline and clofazimine was 0.4% in MDR-TB and 1% in pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR-TB)/XDR-TB populations. Co-resistance to bedaquiline and linezolid, and clofazimine and linezolid, were 0.1% and 0.3%, respectively, in MDR-TB, and 0.2% and 0.4% in pre-XDR-TB/XDR-TB populations. Resistance rates to bedaquiline appear to be low in the bedaquiline-treatment-naïve population. No treatment-limiting patterns for cross-resistance and co-resistance have been identified with key TB drugs to date.

Published
2021

17. Redefining MDR-TB: Comparison of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Russia and Taiwan

Author

Jou, Ruwen, primary, Lee, Wei-Ting, additional, Kulagina, Elena V., additional, Weng, Jui-Yun, additional, Isakova, Alexandra I., additional, Lin, Wan-Hsuan, additional, Antonova, Olga V., additional, Wu, Mei-Hua, additional, Arslanbaeva, Liaisan R., additional, Tasi, Hsing-Yuan, additional, Nosova, Elena Yu, additional, and Zimenkov, Danila V., additional

Published
2019
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21. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, Taiwan

Author

Yu, Ming-Chih, Wu, Mei-Hua, and Jou, Ruwen

Abstract

To the Editor: In Taiwan, the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) was 74.1/100,000 population in 2004 and 72.7/100,000 in 2005; the mortality rate was 4.2/100,000 in 2004 and 4.3/100,000 in 2005 [...]

Published
2008

22. Susceptibilities of MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates to unconventional drugs compared with their reported pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters.

Author

Cavanaugh, Joseph S., Jou, Ruwen, Mei-Hua Wu, Dalton, Tracy, Kurbatova, Ekaterina, Ershova, Julia, Cegielski, J. Peter, Wu, Mei-Hua, and Global PETTS Investigators

Subjects
MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis, PHARMACODYNAMICS, DRUG resistance, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE, THIORIDAZINE, OXYPHENBUTAZONE, ANTITUBERCULAR agents, CLAVULANIC acid, DRUG resistance in microorganisms, DRUG design, ENZYME inhibitors, HETEROCYCLIC compounds, LEPROSTATIC agents, MICROBIAL sensitivity tests, CARBAPENEMS
Abstract

Background: The second-line drugs recommended to treat drug-resistant TB are toxic, expensive and difficult to procure. Given increasing resistance, the need for additional anti-TB drugs has become more urgent. But new drugs take time to develop and are expensive. Some commercially available drugs have reported anti-mycobacterial activity but are not routinely used because supporting laboratory and clinical evidence is sparse.Methods: We analysed 217 MDR M. tuberculosis isolates including 153 initial isolates from unique patients and 64 isolates from follow-up specimens during the course of treatment. The resazurin microdilution assay was performed to determine MICs of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, mefloquine, thioridazine, clofazimine, amoxicillin/clavulanate, meropenem/clavulanate, nitazoxanide, linezolid and oxyphenbutazone. Isoniazid was used for validation. We calculated the MIC 50 and MIC 90 as the MICs at which growth of 50% and 90% of isolates was inhibited, respectively.Results: The MIC 50 s, in mg/L, for initial isolates were as follows: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 0.2/4; mefloquine, 8; thioridazine, 4; clofazimine, 0.25; amoxicillin/clavulanate, 16/8; meropenem/clavulanate, 1/2.5; nitazoxanide, 16; linezolid, 0.25; and oxyphenbutazone, 40. The MIC 90 s, in mg/L, for initial isolates were as follows: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 0.4/8; mefloquine, 8; thioridazine, 8; clofazimine, 0.5; amoxicillin/clavulanate, 32/16; meropenem/clavulanate, 8/2.5; nitazoxanide, 16; linezolid, 0.25; and oxyphenbutazone, 60. By comparison, the MIC 90 of isoniazid was >4 mg/L, as expected. There was no evidence that previous treatment affected susceptibility to any drug.Conclusions: Most drugs demonstrated efficacy against M. tuberculosis . When these MICs are compared with the published pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles of the respective drugs in humans, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, meropenem/clavulanate, linezolid, clofazimine and nitazoxanide appear promising and warrant further clinical investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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30. Performance Assessment of the GenoType MTBDRslTest and DNA Sequencing for Detection of Second-Line and Ethambutol Drug Resistance among Patients Infected with Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Author

Huang, Wei-Lun, Chi, Ting-Lin, Wu, Mei-Hua, and Jou, Ruwen

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe GenoType MTBDRsltest and DNA sequencing were used to rapidly detect second-line drug- and ethambutol (EMB)-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The ability of these two assays to detect the presence of mutations associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones (FLQ), aminoglycosides/cyclic peptide (AG/CP), and EMB in the gyrA, rrs, and embBgenes (for the GenoType MTBDRsltest) and gyrA, gyrB, rrs, eis, embC, embA, embB, and embRgenes (for DNA sequencing) was compared to that of conventional agar proportion drug susceptibility testing (DST). We evaluated 234 multidrug-resistant (MDR) M. tuberculosisisolates. The two molecular methods had high levels of specificity (95.8 to 100%). The sensitivities for FLQ resistance detection for both methods were 85.1%. For AG (kanamycin [KM] and amikacin [AM]) and CP (capreomycin CAP]), the sensitivities of resistance detection using the GenoType MTBDRsltest were 43.2%, 84.2%, and 71.4%, respectively, while with the inclusion of an extra gene, eis, in sequencing, the sensitivity reached 70.3% for detection of KM resistance. The sensitivities of EMB resistance detection were 56.2% and 90.7% with the GenoType MTBDRsltest and sequencing, respectively. We found that the GenoType MTBDRsltest can rapidly detect resistance to FLQ, CAP, and AM. The accuracy of the GenoType MTBDRsltest for the detection of FLQ and AM resistance was comparable to that of conventional DST; however, the test was less accurate for the detection of KM and EMB resistance and demonstrated a poor predictive value for CAP resistance. We recommend including new alleles consisting of the eispromoter and embBgenes in molecular analysis. However, conventional DST is necessary to rule out false-negative results from molecular assays.

Published
2011
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31. Evaluation of the Rapid MGIT TBc Identification Test for Culture Confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosisComplex Strain Detection

Author

Yu, Ming-Chih, Chen, Huang-Yao, Wu, Mei-Hua, Huang, Wei-Lun, Kuo, Yuh-Min, Yu, Fang-Lan, and Jou, Ruwen

Abstract

ABSTRACTA culture confirmation test for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex strains that uses a lateral-flow immunochromatographic assay to detect the MPB64 antigen, the MGIT TBc identification (TBc ID) test, has been developed. We evaluated the performance of the TBc ID test in the detection of the M. tuberculosiscomplex in 222 primary-positive liquid cultures. We compared these results to those of nucleic acid-based identification and conventional biochemical tests. The validity of the TBc ID test was determined, and all of the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and Nocardiaspecies tested were found to be negative. The detection limit of the TBc ID test was 5 × 105CFU/ml, and for IS6110real-time PCR it was 5 CFU/ml. All of the M. tuberculosisand M. africanumcultures were found to be positive, while M. bovisand M. bovisBCG cultures were negative. With the exception of 1 contaminated culture, the 221 culture-positive isolates contained 171 (77.5%) M. tuberculosisisolates, 39 (17.6%) NTM species, and 11 (5.0%) unidentified species. Two culture-positive isolates harbored a 63-bp deletion at position 196 of the mpb64gene. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values of the TBc ID test were 98.8, 100, 100, and 95.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the approximate turnaround time for real-time PCR was 4 h (including buffer and sample preparation), while for the TBc ID test it was less than 1 h. We suggest an algorithm for the primary identification of M. tuberculosisin liquid culture using the TBc ID test as an alternative to conventional subculture followed by identification using biochemical methods.

Published
2011
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32. Expression of vimentin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its possible molecular mechanism: A study based on immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics analysis.

Author

Lu W, Luo JY, Wu MH, Hou JY, Yang X, Chen G, and Feng ZB

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Computational Biology, Datasets as Topic, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Middle Aged, Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma pathology, Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms pathology, Vimentin metabolism
Abstract

Background: Although previous researchers have analyzed the expression level of vimentin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the sample size of each study was too small, and there was no further in-depth study utilizing microarray and RNA-sequencing data. More importantly, the role and molecular mechanism of vimentin in NPC have not yet been addressed comprehensively. Accordingly, the aim of the present research was to conduct a full exploration of the clinical significance of vimentin in NPC in a large sample size., Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to test the expression of vimentin in clinical samples. Data from relevant microarray and RNA-sequencing datasets were screened and extracted to explore the clinical role of vimentin in NPC. Subsequently, vimentin-related signaling pathways were investigated via in-silico approaches., Results: The clinical immunohistochemistry detection showed the positive expression ratio of vimentin was 24.6% (14/57) of the NPC specimens, whereas vimentin expression was negative in nasopharyngitis (NPG) tissues (0/20, P = 0.016). The mRNA and protein levels of vimentin were both remarkably up-regulated in NPC based on 196 and 1566 cases, respectively. The protein level of vimentin was also a risky factor for the prognosis prediction of NPC with the hazard ratios (HR) being 3.831. Gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses, the localization of vimentin was in both the cytoplasm and the cytoskeleton, and vimentin was involved in the regulation of molecular function, the execution phase of apoptosis, and the regulation of cellular component organization., Conclusion: The high expression of vimentin plays a pivotal role in the development and poor progression of NPC, which indicates that vimentin may be an effective predictive indicator for NPC., (Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier GmbH.)

Published
2019
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33. Relationship between hOGG1 Ser326Cys gene polymorphism and coronary artery lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Author

Wu ZY, Wang MH, Qi HM, Wu MH, Ge YZ, and Li HT

Abstract

To study the relationship between human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase (hOGG1) Ser326Cys gene polymorphism and coronary artery lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus, we analyzed 323 patients with diabetic mellitus, who underwent coronary angiography. Using PCR-RFLP, these patients were grouped into three genotypes: Cys/Cys (n=85), Ser/Ser (n=121), and Ser/Cys (n=117). Several clinical data, including history of diseases and biochemical indices were recorded. hOGG1 mRNA expression and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. The quantities and severity of coronary artery with lesions were analyzed from coronary angiography. The Gensini and SYNTAX scores were detected by the unitary criteria. The 8-OHdG levels showed statistical difference among the three genotypes (F=21.56, P<0.05). Also, 8-OHdG in Cys/Cys genotype was higher than Ser/Ser and Ser/Cys genotype (q=2.32, q=3.12, P<0.05). In terms of the expression of hOGGl mRNA, the measure of hOGGl/β-actin showed significant difference among the three groups (F=12.56, P<0.05). On comparing two groups, hOGGl/β-actin in Cys/Cys genotype was higher thanSer/Ser and Ser/Cys genotypes (q=2.32, q=3.12, P<0.05). Percentage of 3-vessel lesions was high in Cys/Cys genotype and percentage of 1-vessel lesions was low in Ser/Cys genotype. Gensini and SYNTAX scores and ratio of complex lesions were significantly higher in the Cys/Cys genotype than the other two genotypes (FGensini=47.16, FSYNTAX=55.12; P<0.05). hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism showed correlation with coronary artery lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus, and Cys/Cys genotype may have more impact on the severity of lesions.

Published
2015

34. [Recent progress on tricuspid regurgitation].

Author

Wu MH, Chen J, and Gu P

Subjects
Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, Humans, Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency diagnosis, Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency etiology, Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency therapy
Published
2013

35. Performance assessment of the GenoType MTBDRsl test and DNA sequencing for detection of second-line and ethambutol drug resistance among patients infected with multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Author

Huang WL, Chi TL, Wu MH, and Jou R

Subjects
DNA, Bacterial chemistry, Genotype, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests methods, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Missense, Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolation & purification, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Antitubercular Agents pharmacology, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Ethambutol pharmacology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug effects, Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetics, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant microbiology
Abstract

The GenoType MTBDRsl test and DNA sequencing were used to rapidly detect second-line drug- and ethambutol (EMB)-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The ability of these two assays to detect the presence of mutations associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones (FLQ), aminoglycosides/cyclic peptide (AG/CP), and EMB in the gyrA, rrs, and embB genes (for the GenoType MTBDRsl test) and gyrA, gyrB, rrs, eis, embC, embA, embB, and embR genes (for DNA sequencing) was compared to that of conventional agar proportion drug susceptibility testing (DST). We evaluated 234 multidrug-resistant (MDR) M. tuberculosis isolates. The two molecular methods had high levels of specificity (95.8 to 100%). The sensitivities for FLQ resistance detection for both methods were 85.1%. For AG (kanamycin [KM] and amikacin [AM]) and CP (capreomycin CAP]), the sensitivities of resistance detection using the GenoType MTBDRsl test were 43.2%, 84.2%, and 71.4%, respectively, while with the inclusion of an extra gene, eis, in sequencing, the sensitivity reached 70.3% for detection of KM resistance. The sensitivities of EMB resistance detection were 56.2% and 90.7% with the GenoType MTBDRsl test and sequencing, respectively. We found that the GenoType MTBDRsl test can rapidly detect resistance to FLQ, CAP, and AM. The accuracy of the GenoType MTBDRsl test for the detection of FLQ and AM resistance was comparable to that of conventional DST; however, the test was less accurate for the detection of KM and EMB resistance and demonstrated a poor predictive value for CAP resistance. We recommend including new alleles consisting of the eis promoter and embB genes in molecular analysis. However, conventional DST is necessary to rule out false-negative results from molecular assays.

Published
2011
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