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Due to the influence of many disturbances in the process of retaining the roadway outside the double U layout working face, taking 2502 working face of Zhangcun Coal Mine of Lu’an Group as the engineering background, the field tests of directional hydraulic fracturing technology for single row of fracturing boreholes with different spacings were designed and carried out, and the influence of drilling spacing on fracturing effect was explored. In the tests, four reasonable fracturing sections were set for each borehole, and the fracturing was carried out step by step from the bottom to the opening of the borehole, which effectively solved the problem of hard roof rock hanging and difficult to span. The results of field tests proved that directional hydraulic fracturing forms cracks in roadway roof rock, which weakens the strength of local surrounding rock, abates the stress concentration of roadway roof and reduces working resistance of the end bracket effectively. The density of borehole has a small influence on the unloading effect of shallow surrounding rock, but it has a big impact on deep surrounding rock. The pressure relief effect of roadway is increased by 53% after drilling density increased by 3 times, and comprehensive comparative analysis shows that the drilling spacing of 14 m is the most economical and reasonable under certain conditions. After directional hydraulic fracturing, the displacement of roadway roof and floor and two sides is decreased by 45% and 26% respectively, which has good effect on controlling roadway deformation.

This research investigates residents' pro-environmental behavior from the unique perspective of government-resident interactions. Guided by social movement theory, how local governments regulate residents' waste-sorting behavior in Chinese rural tourism destinations is assessed. This longitudinal study (lasting from 2016 to 2022) uses participant observation, in-depth interviews (N = 25), and secondary data as the key research techniques. The dual roles of local governments (i.e., resource mobilization and power redistribution) jointly shape residents' pro-environmental behavior in the waste-sorting campaign. Resource mobilization enhances knowledge of waste-sorting and raises individuals' environmental consciousness. Power redistribution within groups activates social networks in rural communities and changes groups' social capital to influence residents' collective behavior. Results are discussed in relation to how the organizational-level resource mobilization and power redistribution influence the individual-level environmental psychological and sociological factors in shaping residents' waste-sorting behavior. Practical recommendations are offered for sustainable tourism management from a social interaction perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourists' green behavior plays a significant role in sustainable tourism development. Most of the previous research considered tourists exert green behavior independently, neglecting the influences of tourist-to-tourist interaction and the culture they are embedded in. This study took Chinese tourists visiting two lake tourism destinations (West Lake in Hangzhou and Xianshan Lake in Huzhou) as the research respondents and aimed to examine how tourist-to-tourist interaction within different relationships impact tourist on-site green behavior in Chinese face-culture settings. Based on a qualitative research approach using the critical incident technique, 76 incidents were investigated involving 29 Chinese tourists with different backgrounds. This research showed that the encounters among tourists were affected by the types of relationships (family, friends, and strangers) and Chinese face culture (the desire to gain face and the fear of losing face). The results contribute to the sustainable tourism literature by taking into consideration various types of social interactions, which positively or negatively affect green behavior. Fresh insights are revealed on how face consciousness influences Chinese social interactions and green behavior in tourism. The analysis of social interactions among tourists provides a new perspective for destination management organizations to enhance green behavior and improve sustainable management practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sub-microsecond pulse generation applied for electroporation effects of tumor cell is presented in this paper. The principle of the generator is that the expected pulse waveform is intercepted from the RC discharge curve by controlling the on-off states of two IGBT modules with a synchronous controller. Experimental tests indicate that the generator can produce adjustable pulse waveform parameters with 0.5-3.5kV amplitude, 300-800 ns pulse duration, 1-400Hz repetition frequency rate, and it is suitable for the study of the electroporation effect experiments.