Search

This article introduces two kinds of processing techniques to solve Jacobian elliptic equations and obtain rich periodic wave solutions. Then, the equation was used as an auxiliary equation to solve the (3+1)-dimensional modified Korteweg de Vries–Zakharov–Kuznetsov (mKDV-ZK) equation. Combined with the mapping method, a large number of new types of exact periodic wave solutions were obtained, many of which were rarely found in previous research. Numerical simulations have demonstrated the evolution of various periodic waves in (3+1)-dimensional mKDV-ZK. The solutions and wave phenomena obtained in this article will help expand our understanding of the equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Klein–Gordon equation plays an important role in mathematical physics, such as plasma and, condensed matter physics. Exploring its exact solution helps us understand its complex nonlinear wave phenomena. In this paper, we first propose a new extended Jacobian elliptic function expansion method for constructing rich exact periodic wave solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional Klein–Gordon equation. Then, we introduce a novel wave transformation for constructing nonlinear complex waves. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this method, we numerically simulated several sets of complex wave structures, which indicate new types of complex wave phenomena. The results show that this method is simple and effective for constructing rich exact solutions and complex nonlinear wave phenomena to nonlinear equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we aim to explore new exact traveling wave solutions for the reaction–diffusion equation, which describes complex nonlinear phenomena such as cell growth and chemical reactions in nature. Obtaining exact solutions to this equation is crucial for understanding aspects such as reaction activity and the diffusion coefficient. We solve the reaction–diffusion equation by using the Riccati equation as an auxiliary equation. By controlling the parameters in the Riccati equation, we obtained a large number of traveling wave solutions, many of which were not formerly recorded in other documents. Numerical simulations demonstrate the evolution of various traveling waves of the reaction–diffusion equation in time and space. These rich exact solutions and wave phenomena help to expand our knowledge of this equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) has attracted extensive attention because of its fast growth, easy reproduction, tolerance to barren conditions, and high oil content of seeds. SWEET (Sugar Will Eventually be Exported Transporter) family genes contribute to regulating the distribution of carbohydrates in plants and have great potential in improving yield and stress tolerance. In this study, we performed a functional analysis of the homology of these genes from physic nut, JcSWEET12 and JcSWEET17a. Subcellular localization indicated that the JcSWEET12 protein is localized on the plasma membrane and the JcSWEET17a protein on the vacuolar membrane. The overexpression of JcSWEET12 (OE12) and JcSWEET17a (OE17a) in Arabidopsis leads to late and early flowering, respectively, compared to the wild-type plants. The transgenic OE12 seedlings, but not OE17a, exhibit increased salt tolerance. In addition, OE12 plants attain greater plant height and greater shoot dry weight than the wild-type plants at maturity. Together, our results indicate that JcSWEET12 and JcSWEET17a play different roles in the regulation of flowering time and salt stress response, providing a novel genetic resource for future improvement in physic nut and other plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The O2 dissociative adsorption serves as a pivotal criterion for assessing the efficacy of oxygen reduction catalysts. We conducted a systematic investigation into O2 dissociative adsorption on the Pt-skin Pt3Cu(111) surface by means of the density functional theory (DFT). The computational findings reveal that the O2 adsorption on Pt-skin Pt3Cu(111) surface exhibits comparatively lower stability when contrasted with that on the Pt(111) surface. For O2 dissociation, two paths have been identified. One progresses from the t-f-b state towards the generation of two oxygen atoms situated within nearest-neighbour hcp sites. The other commences from the t-b-t state, leading to the generation of two oxygen atoms occupying nearest-neighbour fcc sites. Moreover, the analysis of the energy barrier associated with O2 dissociation indicates that O2 on the Pt-skin Pt3Cu(111) surface is more difficult to dissociate than on the Pt(111) surface. This study can offer a valuable guide for the practical application of high-performance oxygen reduction catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The catalytic efficiency of oxygen reduction catalysts is notably influenced by the dissociative adsorption of O2. We conducted a systematic investigation into the dissociative adsorption of O2 on the Ag3Au(111) surface using ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our computational findings indicate that adsorption the configuration designated t-b-t exhibits favorable energetics on the Ag3Au(111) surface. Regarding the dissociation of O2, we identified a reasonable dissociation pathway, which proceeds from the initial t-b-t state to the creation of two oxygen atoms that occupy a set of neighboring fcc sites. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that the adsorption of O2 on the Ag3Au(111) surface is less favored thermodynamically and more difficult to dissociate than that on the Ag(111) surface. This study furnishes a theoretical framework elucidating the prospective utilization of Ag-Au alloy in the capacity of oxygen reduction catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anomalous electron thermal transport is an important issue that restricts the development of magnetic confinement thermonuclear fusion, and it is closely related to electron-scale turbulence. This paper introduces the poloidal CO2 laser collective scattering diagnostic system installed on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) for electron-scale turbulence measurement. The system can measure density fluctuations with four distinct wavenumbers simultaneously ranging from 10 to 30 cm−1 (correspondingly $${k_\theta }{\rho _s} \sim {\it 1}\; to\; {\it 5}$$ k θ ρ s ∼ 1 t o 5 ) in two regions (the core region $${\rm{\rho }} \approx 0\;to\;0.4$$ ρ ≈ 0 t o 0.4 and the outer region $$\rho \approx {\it 0.4}\; to\; {\it 0.8}$$ ρ ≈ 0.4 t o 0.8 ), which realizes the spatial resolution for turbulence measurement. And, the plasma poloidal rotation velocity in these two regions can be calculated using the measured density fluctuation frequency. In addition, the characteristics of small scattering angle and negligible wave refraction effects reduce the size of the ports required for this diagnostic system. These advantages make the diagnostic system an effective tool for measuring electron-scale turbulence and may play an important role in future burning plasma experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]