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164 results on '"Wu, Cheng-Yeu"'

2. Ganoderma lucidum stimulates autophagy-dependent longevity pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans and human cells

Author

Peng, Hsin-Hsin, Wu, Cheng-Yeu, Hsiao, Yuan-Chao, Martel, Jan, Ke, Po-Yuan, Chiu, Chen-Yaw, Liau, Jian-Ching, Chang, I-Te, Su, Yu-Hsiu, Ko, Yun-Fei, Young, John D, and Ojcius, David M

Subjects
Complementary and Integrative Health, Nutrition, Aging, Generic health relevance, Good Health and Well Being, Animals, Autophagy, Caenorhabditis elegans, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Longevity, Reishi, Signal Transduction, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases, caloric restriction mimetics, dietary supplements, lingzhi, medicinal mushrooms, mTOR, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Physiology, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Developmental Biology
Abstract

The medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum is used as a dietary supplement and health tonic, but whether it affects longevity remains unclear. We show here that a water extract of G. lucidum mycelium extends lifespan of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The G. lucidum extract reduces the level of fibrillarin (FIB-1), a nucleolar protein that correlates inversely with longevity in various organisms. Furthermore, G. lucidum treatment increases expression of the autophagosomal protein marker LGG-1, and lifespan extension is abrogated in mutant C. elegans strains that lack atg-18, daf-16, or sir-2.1, indicating that autophagy and stress resistance pathways are required to extend lifespan. In cultured human cells, G. lucidum increases concentrations of the LGG-1 ortholog LC3 and reduces levels of phosphorylated mTOR, a known inhibitor of autophagy. Notably, low molecular weight compounds (

Published
2021

3. Plant and fungal products that extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Author

Martel, Jan, Wu, Cheng-Yeu, Peng, Hsin-Hsin, Ko, Yun-Fei, Yang, Hung-Chi, Young, John D, and Ojcius, David M

Subjects
autophagy, caloric restriction mimetics, dietary supplements, hormesis, phytochemicals
Abstract

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model to study aging due to its short lifespan, ease of manipulation, and available genetic tools. Several molecules and extracts derived from plants and fungi extend the lifespan of C. elegans by modulating aging-related pathways that are conserved in more complex organisms. Modulation of aging pathways leads to activation of autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis and expression of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes in a manner similar to caloric restriction. Low and moderate concentrations of plant and fungal molecules usually extend lifespan, while high concentrations are detrimental, consistent with a lifespan-modulating mechanism involving hormesis. We review here molecules and extracts derived from plants and fungi that extend the lifespan of C. elegans, and explore the possibility that these natural substances may produce health benefits in humans.

Published
2020

4. Caenorhabditis elegans as a Convenient Animal Model for Microbiome Studies.

Author

Wu, Cheng-Yeu, Davis, Scott, Saudagar, Neekita, Shah, Shrey, Zhao, William, Stern, Arnold, Martel, Jan, Ojcius, David, and Yang, Hung-Chi

Subjects
*CAENORHABDITIS elegans, *MICROBIAL genetics, *MICROBIAL metabolites, *ANIMAL models in research, *MICROBIAL diversity, *PHENOTYPES
Abstract

Microbes constitute the most prevalent life form on Earth, yet their remarkable diversity remains mostly unrecognized. Microbial diversity in vertebrate models presents a significant challenge for investigating host–microbiome interactions. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans has many advantages for delineating the effects of host genetics on microbial composition. In the wild, the C. elegans gut contains various microbial species, while in the laboratory it is usually a host for a single bacterial species. There is a potential host–microbe interaction between microbial metabolites, drugs, and C. elegans phenotypes. This mini-review aims to summarize the current understanding regarding the microbiome in C. elegans. Examples using C. elegans to study host–microbe–metabolite interactions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Detection and characterization of mineralo-organic nanoparticles in human kidneys.

Author

Wong, Tsui-Yin, Wu, Cheng-Yeu, Martel, Jan, Lin, Cheng-Wei, Hsu, Fu-Yung, Ojcius, David M, Lin, Paul Y, and Young, John D

Subjects
Kidney, Humans, Minerals, Organic Chemicals, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Nanoparticles, and over
Abstract

Ectopic calcification is associated with various human diseases, including atherosclerosis, cancer, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus. Although mineral nanoparticles have been detected in calcified blood vessels, the nature and role of these particles in the human body remain unclear. Here we show for the first time that human kidney tissues obtained from end-stage chronic kidney disease or renal cancer patients contain round, multilamellar mineral particles of 50 to 1,500 nm, whereas no particles are observed in healthy controls. The mineral particles are found mainly in the extracellular matrix surrounding the convoluted tubules, collecting ducts and loops of Henle as well as within the cytoplasm of tubule-delineating cells, and consist of polycrystalline calcium phosphate similar to the mineral found in bones and ectopic calcifications. The kidney mineral nanoparticles contain several serum proteins that inhibit ectopic calcification in body fluids, including albumin, fetuin-A, and apolipoprotein A1. Since the mineralo-organic nanoparticles are found not only within calcified deposits but also in areas devoid of microscopic calcifications, our observations indicate that the nanoparticles may represent precursors of calcification and renal stones in humans.

Published
2015

22. Cover Image, Volume 40, Issue 6

Author

Martel, Jan, primary, Ojcius, David M., additional, Wu, Cheng‐Yeu, additional, Peng, Hsin‐Hsin, additional, Voisin, Laurent, additional, Perfettini, Jean‐Luc, additional, Ko, Yun‐Fei, additional, and Young, John D., additional

Published
2020
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24. 18 A/1020 V p-GaN-gated HEMTs with Isosceles Trapezoidal-Shaped Multi-Finger Structure

Author

Lai, Yu-Jun, Wu, Dian-Ying, Yang, Ya-Han, Liu, Yu-Chen, Wu, Cheng-Yeu, and Wu, Meng-Chyi

Abstract

In this article, we investigate the effects of gate and drain field plates and isosceles trapezoidal-shaped multi-finger structures on the characteristics of high current p-GaN-gated high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs). By optimizing the lengths of gate and drain field plates, the p-GaN-gated HEMTs with 200 μm have a breakdown voltage of 1893 V, a specific on-resistance of 7.0 mΩ-cm2, and a Baliga figure of merit (BFOM) value of 511 MW cm−2. Using the optimized isosceles trapezoidal-shaped multi-finger metallization on the source and drain, the p-GaN-gated HEMT with a 100 mm gate width can reach a current of 2.3 A. Combining all the optimum parameters of field plates and isosceles trapezoidal-shaped multi-finger, the fabricated 600 mm p-GaN-gated HEMT exhibits an output current of 18 A, an on-resistance of 0.7 Ω, and a breakdown voltage of 1020 V. Furthermore, the device also exhibits good thermal stability at high temperatures. These results demonstrate the potential and advantages of p-GaN-gated HEMT for power applications.

Published
2024
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25. Corrigendum: The ATP-P2X7 Signaling Axis Is an Essential Sentinel for Intracellular Clostridium difficile Pathogen-Induced Inflammasome Activation

Author

Liu, Ya-Hui, primary, Chang, Yung-Chi, additional, Chen, Liang-Kuei, additional, Su, Po-An, additional, Ko, Wen-Chien, additional, Tsai, Yau-Sheng, additional, Chen, Yi-Hsuan, additional, Lai, Hsin-Chih, additional, Wu, Cheng-Yeu, additional, Hung, Yuan-Pin, additional, and Tsai, Pei-Jane, additional

Published
2019
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29. Formation and characteristics of biomimetic mineralo-organic particles in natural surface water

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Young, David Y., Wu, Cheng-Yeu, Martel, Jan, Wong, Tsui-Yin, Liu, Chien-Chun, Lin, Cheng-Wei, Young, John D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Young, David Y., Wu, Cheng-Yeu, Martel, Jan, Wong, Tsui-Yin, Liu, Chien-Chun, Lin, Cheng-Wei, and Young, John D.

Abstract

Recent studies have shown that nanoparticles exist in environmental water but the formation, characteristics and fate of such particles remain incompletely understood. We show here that surface water obtained from various sources (ocean, hot springs, and soil) produces mineralo-organic particles that gradually increase in size and number during incubation. Seawater produces mineralo-organic particles following several cycles of filtration and incubation, indicating that this water possesses high particle-seeding potential. Electron microscopy observations reveal round, bacteria-like mineral particles with diameters of 20 to 800 nm, which may coalesce and aggregate to form mineralized biofilm-like structures. Chemical analysis of the particles shows the presence of a wide range of chemical elements that form mixed mineral phases dominated by calcium and iron sulfates, silicon and aluminum oxides, sodium carbonate, and iron sulfide. Proteomic analysis indicates that the particles bind to proteins of bacterial, plant and animal origins. When observed under dark-field microscopy, mineral particles derived from soil-water show biomimetic morphologies, including large, round structures similar to cells undergoing division. These findings have important implications not only for the recognition of biosignatures and fossils of small microorganisms in the environment but also for the geochemical cycling of elements, ions and organic matter in surface water.

Published
2017

32. Hirsutella sinensispolysaccharides and Parabacteroides goldsteiniireduce lupus severity in imiquimod-treated mice

Author

Chang, Shih-Hsin, Ko, Yun-Fei, Liau, Jian-Ching, Wu, Cheng-Yeu, Hwang, Tsong-Long, Ojcius, David M., Young, John D., and Martel, Jan

Abstract

The incidence of autoimmune diseases is increasing in developed countries, possibly due to the modern Western diet and lifestyle. We showed earlier that polysaccharides derived from the medicinal fungus Hirsutella sinensisproduced anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects by modulating the gut microbiota and increasing the abundance of the commensal Parabacteroides goldsteiniiin mice fed with a high-fat diet.

Published
2024
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39. Bions: A Family of Biomimetic Mineralo-Organic Complexes Derived from Biological Fluids

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Young, David Y., Wu, Cheng-Yeu, Young, Lena, Martel, Jan, Young, John D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Young, David Y., Wu, Cheng-Yeu, Young, Lena, Martel, Jan, and Young, John D.

Abstract

Mineralo-organic nanoparticles form spontaneously in human body fluids when the concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions exceed saturation. We have shown previously that these mineralo-organic nanoparticles possess biomimetic properties and can reproduce the whole phenomenology of the so-called nanobacteria—mineralized entities initially described as the smallest microorganisms on earth. Here, we examine the possibility that various charged elements and ions may form mineral nanoparticles with similar properties in biological fluids. Remarkably, all the elements tested, including sodium, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, strontium, and barium form mineralo-organic particles with bacteria-like morphologies and other complex shapes following precipitation with phosphate in body fluids. Upon formation, these mineralo-organic particles, which we term bions, invariably accumulate carbonate apatite during incubation in biological fluids; yet, the particles also incorporate additional elements and thus reflect the ionic milieu in which they form. Bions initially harbor an amorphous mineral phase that gradually converts to crystals in culture. Our results show that serum produces a dual inhibition-seeding effect on bion formation. Using a comprehensive proteomic analysis, we identify a wide range of proteins that bind to these mineral particles during incubation in medium containing serum. The two main binding proteins identified, albumin and fetuin-A, act as both inhibitors and seeders of bions in culture. Notably, bions possess several biomimetic properties, including the possibility to increase in size and number and to be sub-cultured in fresh culture medium. Based on these results, we propose that bions represent biological, mineralo-organic particles that may form in the body under both physiological and pathological homeostasis conditions. These mineralo-organic particles may be part of a physiological cycle that regulat

Published
2014

41. Fetuin-A/Albumin-Mineral Complexes Resembling Serum Calcium Granules and Putative Nanobacteria: Demonstration of a Dual Inhibition-Seeding Concept

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Young, David Y., Young, John D., Martel, Jan, Wu, Cheng-Yeu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Young, David Y., Young, John D., Martel, Jan, and Wu, Cheng-Yeu

Abstract

Serum-derived granulations and purported nanobacteria (NB) are pleomorphic apatite structures shown to resemble calcium granules widely distributed in nature. They appear to be assembled through a dual inhibitory-seeding mechanism involving proteinaceous factors, as determined by protease (trypsin and chymotrypsin) and heat inactivation studies. When inoculated into cell culture medium, the purified proteins fetuin-A and albumin fail to induce mineralization, but they will readily combine with exogenously added calcium and phosphate, even in submillimolar amounts, to form complexes that will undergo morphological transitions from nanoparticles to spindles, films, and aggregates. As a mineralization inhibitor, fetuin-A is much more potent than albumin, and it will only seed particles at higher mineral-to-protein concentrations. Both proteins display a bell-shaped, dose-dependent relationship, indicative of the same dual inhibitory-seeding mechanism seen with whole serum. As ascertained by both seeding experiments and gel electrophoresis, fetuin-A is not only more dominant but it appears to compete avidly for nanoparticle binding at the expense of albumin. The nanoparticles formed in the presence of fetuin-A are smaller than their albumin counterparts, and they have a greater tendency to display a multi-layered ring morphology. In comparison, the particles seeded by albumin appear mostly incomplete, with single walls. Chemically, spectroscopically, and morphologically, the protein-mineral particles resemble closely serum granules and NB. These particles are thus seen to undergo an amorphous to crystalline transformation, the kinetics and completeness of which depend on the protein-to-mineral ratios, with low ratios favoring faster conversion to crystals. Our results point to a dual inhibitory-seeding, de-repression model for the assembly of particles in supersaturated solutions like serum. The presence of proteins and other inhibitory factors tend to block apatite nuc, Mingchi University of Technology (grant 0XB0), Chang Gung University (grant FMRPD2T02), Primordia Institute of New Sciences and Medicine

Published
2010

42. cis-Resveratrol produces anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting canonical and non-canonical inflammasomes in macrophages

Author

Huang, Tsung-Teng, primary, Lai, Hsin-Chih, additional, Chen, Young-Bin, additional, Chen, Lih-Geeng, additional, Wu, Yi-Hui, additional, Ko, Yun-Fei, additional, Lu, Chia-Chen, additional, Chang, Chih-Jung, additional, Wu, Cheng-Yeu, additional, Martel, Jan, additional, Ojcius, David M, additional, Chong, Kowit-Yu, additional, and Young, John D, additional

Published
2013
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