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In the last decade, world-class leadership as a new approach to improve the competitive advantage of organizations has attracted the attention of many researchers in different fields. Many articles have studied world-class leadership in organizational literature, especially strategic management and human resources. But so far, a comprehensive review of conceptual and empirical studies has not been done considering the basic characteristics and patterns of this competence and the factors affecting the effectiveness of global leadership. For this reason, in order to clarify the knowledge of this field - the competence of world-class leaders - its effectiveness and its role as an effective structure in the literature of management and organization, this research has comprehensively reviewed 68 conceptual and experimental studies from 2000 to 2022. It pursues two main goals: identifying different conceptualizations of competence of world-class leaders and factors affecting this concept in the field of management and organization. This descriptive study is a systematic literature review in terms of the implementation method. Identifying the concepts of "world-level leadership behaviors", "world-level leadership duties", "world-level leadership relationships", "world-level leadership style" and "external duties of world-level leadership" along with their dimensions are among the results of this research.

Background & Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to develop a strategic empowerment model for the export performance of sport products with a world-class approach with an emphasis on resilient economy for the development of the Iranian sports industry. Methodology: The research methodology was qualitative and based on the theory of data. Data analysis was performed on the Paradigm model of Strauss and Corbin method. The sampling was done by theoretical sampling method. Using a targeted method and a snowball, a deep interview was conducted with 15 selected samples including experts, economists and faculty members (sports marketing, industrial management) Theoretical saturation was obtained and interviews were implemented. Results: Referring to the results of analyzing field interviews in the Nvivo 10 environment . The strategic empowerment model of the export performance of sport productions was obtained with 124 concepts and 23 axial codes and 5 selective codes. The results of this study show that among the factors of production in the global class (quality, innovation, cost, time, flexibility) and factors Service in the global class (sales and after sales) There is a causal relationship with the resistance economy and its sub-categories. It can lead to the strategic empowerment of the export performance of sport productions in the development of the world class sports industry. Discussion: According to the results of this study, it is suggested that the identification and support of domestic producers in the industrial sector of sport of the country. As well as the provision of special facilities and training in the level of global class management to support Iranian sports goods and Increasing employment in line with the resilient economy will help Successfully improves production capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explore growth following the experience of stressors and compare the experiences of elite athletes who exhibit higher and lower levels of growth. Six elite athletes (five female and one male) participated in a semi-structured interview. Three athletes reported experiencing higher levels, and three athletes reported experiencing lower levels of growth. Interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed that understanding of self, development in athletic identity, and social support are key psychological mechanisms, which differentiate elite athletes who reported experiencing higher and lower levels of growth. Athletes higher in reported growth showed greater association with meaningful behavioral actions, ultimately reflecting the modification of previously held beliefs into a new worldview. Athletes lower in reported growth reflected an attempt to maintain beliefs into an already existing worldview, thus hindering growth. The findings show psychological mechanisms that accumulatively promote growth and provide a foundation for subsequent intervention studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by neoliberal economic priorities and under global education governance, students’ test scores are the preferred evidence of education quality. Chasing ‘world class’ education quality, a southern Australian education department is seeking to improve ‘falling standards’ with their policy text: Toward 2028: Department for Education Strategic Plan. Significantly, the strategy includes improvement planning with mandatory formats and targets, evidence-based approaches and expert support and a focus on data from standardised assessments to determine whether outcomes have improved. Examining whether these approaches will improve the state’s learning outcomes, or are folly, critical policy sociology is employed, specifically policy analysis using Bacchi’s: What’s the problem represented to be? approach. The department for education’s strategic plan is interrogated, underscoring global themes: challenges to equity, reductive effects of test-based accountability, and the implications and impacts on teachers. The analysis identifies deep engagement in global discourses and calls for a shift away from what is a source of global inequities rather than the solution.

China's high-tech parks have significant effects on driving national ecological innovation. Among them, ten world-class high-tech parks represent the highest level of development in China's high-tech industry. Understanding the development characteristics of national world-class high-tech parks is of great significance for guiding the construction of other parks and achieving the high-quality development of parks. Based on the evaluation data of over 200 indicators of national high-tech parks from 2013 to 2017, this study used the XGBoost classic machine learning algorithm to select the characteristic indicators of national world-class high-tech parks and establish an evaluation indicator system, and it identified four primary indicators of the world-class high-tech parks, including innovation development, enterprise development, international development, and economic development. The indicators cover 30 important sub-indicators and highlight the importance of innovation resource input indicators, such as "use of technology activity funding from government departments", "full-time equivalent of R&D personnel", and "financial technology expenditure in high-tech parks". Compared to the expert analysis, the application of the machine learning method in the evaluation of national high-tech parks improves the efficiency of selecting important indicators and makes the selection results more objective. The results of this research provide a reference value for guiding and promoting national high-tech parks to become world-class parks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of wearing upper- and lower-body compression garments on cross-country skiing performance in elite winter biathletes. Methods: A total of 7 senior biathletes (4 men and 3 women) from the Swedish national team performed 2 exercise trials in a randomized and counterbalanced order, wearing either commercially available upper- and lower-body compression garments (COMP) or a standard winter-biathlon racing suit (CON). In each trial, the athletes roller-skied on a customized treadmill, completing a time trial simulating the skiing duration of a biathlon sprint race, followed by a time-to-exhaustion test designed to elicit exhaustion within ∼60 to 90 seconds. Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, rating of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, and thermal comfort were monitored throughout each trial, while muscle soreness was measured up to 48 hours after each trial. Results: Pressure exerted by the clothing was significantly higher at all anatomical sites for COMP compared with CON (P ≤.002). Wearing COMP led to small positive effects on time-trial (d = 0.31) and time-to-exhaustion test (d = 0.31) performances compared with CON, but these differences were not statistically significant (P >.05). No significant differences were found for any physiological (heart rate or blood lactate concentration) or subjective (rating of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, thermal comfort, or muscle soreness) responses between COMP and CON (P >.05). Conclusion: Wearing COMP during maximal cross-country skiing may have small but worthwhile beneficial effects on performance for some individuals. Due to individual variation, athletes are advised to test COMP prior to competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by neoliberal economic priorities and under global education governance, students' test scores are the preferred evidence of education quality. Chasing 'world class' education quality, a southern Australian education department is seeking to improve 'falling standards' with their policy text: Toward 2028: Department for Education Strategic Plan. Significantly, the strategy includes improvement planning with mandatory formats and targets, evidence-based approaches and expert support and a focus on data from standardised assessments to determine whether outcomes have improved. Examining whether these approaches will improve the state's learning outcomes, or are folly, critical policy sociology is employed, specifically policy analysis using Bacchi's: What's the problem represented to be? approach. The department for education's strategic plan is interrogated, underscoring global themes: challenges to equity, reductive effects of test-based accountability, and the implications and impacts on teachers. The analysis identifies deep engagement in global discourses and calls for a shift away from what is a source of global inequities rather than the solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the current research was to provide a world-class information systems development model using the balanced scorecard approach in sports organizations. The current research is practical in terms of purpose; In terms of how to collect information, it was a survey. The statistical population of the research was made up of the employees of all 31 general sports and youth departments of the country's provinces (5882 people) and the statistical sample was selected using the Karjesi and Morgan table of 361 people. To collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used according to the balanced scorecard approach (4 components and 48 items). The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 10 sports management professors and the reliability was 0.86, which indicated its good reliability. Data analysis was done using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling with PLS software. The findings from the analysis of the conceptual model of the research show that the development model of world-class information systems in sports organizations, in the financial perspective using 5 indicators, in the customer perspective with 12 indicators, in the business processes perspective with 14 indicators and in the growth perspective and learning was confirmed with 17 indicators. Therefore, it is concluded that the development of world-class information systems in sports organizations by increasing efficiency and effectiveness will improve organizational productivity and be considered as a sustainable competitive advantage.

China’s high-tech parks have significant effects on driving national ecological innovation. Among them, ten world-class high-tech parks represent the highest level of development in China’s high-tech industry. Understanding the development characteristics of national world-class high-tech parks is of great significance for guiding the construction of other parks and achieving the high-quality development of parks. Based on the evaluation data of over 200 indicators of national high-tech parks from 2013 to 2017, this study used the XGBoost classic machine learning algorithm to select the characteristic indicators of national world-class high-tech parks and establish an evaluation indicator system, and it identified four primary indicators of the world-class high-tech parks, including innovation development, enterprise development, international development, and economic development. The indicators cover 30 important sub-indicators and highlight the importance of innovation resource input indicators, such as “use of technology activity funding from government departments”, “full-time equivalent of R&D personnel”, and “financial technology expenditure in high-tech parks”. Compared to the expert analysis, the application of the machine learning method in the evaluation of national high-tech parks improves the efficiency of selecting important indicators and makes the selection results more objective. The results of this research provide a reference value for guiding and promoting national high-tech parks to become world-class parks.

The purpose of this paper was to level the factors affecting the export performance of sports products to reach the global class with an emphasis on human resource development by employing interpretive-structural modeling. The current research is a mixture of developmental and applied. Based on the Galyzeri approach and deep interview with 15 people (sports marketing, economists, industrial management) in the NVIVO10 software environment, the main factors of the model were identified in the form of 92 open source, 13 selective and 5 theoretical codes, and then using the interpretive- The structure in the MATLAB2014 software Based on the Galyzeri approach and deep interview with 15 people (sports marketing, economists, industrial management) in the NVIVO10 software environment, the main factors of the model were identified in the form of 92 open source, 13 selective and 5 theoretical codes, and then using the interpretive- The structure in the MATLAB2014 software environment is the level and internal relationships between extraction factors and finally classified based on MICMAC analysis of power and dependency. The results showed that model factors are located in 5 levels and motivate people for human resources, trust building, organizational communication, training and human resource skills at the fifth level of the model and have the most impact on human resource development (level four), quality, Innovation, flexibility, cost reduction, time reduction, sales and after-sales services (third level), production and service in the world class (second level), world-class sports industry, and the empowerment of export performance of sports products (Level one) . In MICMAC analysis, human resource development factors (independent variables) that stimulate and motivate other factors. Based on the results of the research, successful and effective sports managers and marketers, by establishing effective communication mechanisms with individuals inside and outside the organization, identifying and educating people, empowering, motivating, and building trust can lead to the development of world-class human resources to the extent of empowerment The export performance of sports products and the boom in the production of Iranian sports goods are provided.by establishing effective communication mechanisms with individuals inside and outside the organization, identifying and educating people, empowering, motivating, and building trust can lead to the development of world-class human resources to the extent of empowerment The export performance of sports products and the boom in the production of Iranian sports goods are provided.

This study is functional in terms of purpose and descriptive-exploratory in terms of doing research. The method of data collection is library and field studies using a questionnaire tool. Those with relevant postgraduate qualifications and at least ten years of working experience, especially management experience in the automotive industry with a sufficiently motivated executive background to participate were chosen. In the quantitative section, the experts include nine executives and senior experts in the automotive industry who were selected through snowballing. The most important dimensions and criteria of a sustainable world class manufacturing model are identified by a theoretical literature review and interviews with the experts, and they were then screened and localized with expert opinions and fuzzy Delphi techniques. After collecting data through a paired comparisons questionnaire, the data were analyzed by using a fuzzy-dimensional network analysis process hybrid technique. The findings of fuzzy DEMATEL indicated that the dimensions of "environmental", "economic" and "social" sustainability help in achieving sustainable world class manufacturing.

Global rankings help boost the international reputation of universities, which thus attempt to achieve good positions on them. These rankings attract great interest each year and are followed attentively by stakeholders in higher education. This paper investigates the trajectory of Spanish universities in the ARWU and THE rankings over the last 5 years using the dynamic biplot technique to study the relationship between a multivariate dataset obtained at more than one time point. The results demonstrate that Spanish universities achieve low positions on international rankings when analyzed using this multivariate and dynamic approach. Indeed, only a small percentage occupy good positions in both studied rankings and stand out in terms of some of the indicators, whereas most achieve weak scores in the global context. Spanish universities should attempt to improve this situation, since the prestige resulting from a good position on these lists will always be beneficial in terms of the visibility of both the universities themselves and the whole Spanish university system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is functional in terms of purpose and descriptive-exploratory in terms of doing research. The method of data collection is library and field studies using a questionnaire tool. Those with relevant postgraduate qualifications and at least ten years of working experience, especially management experience in the automotive industry with a sufficiently motivated executive background to participate were chosen. In the quantitative section, the experts include nine executives and senior experts in the automotive industry who were selected through snowballing. The most important dimensions and criteria of a sustainable world class manufacturing model are identified by a theoretical literature review and interviews with the experts, and they were then screened and localized with expert opinions and fuzzy Delphi techniques. After collecting data through a paired comparisons questionnaire, the data were analyzed by using a fuzzy-dimensional network analysis process hybrid technique. The findings of fuzzy DEMATEL indicated that the dimensions of "environmental", "economic" and "social" sustainability help in achieving sustainable world class manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global rankings help boost the international reputation of universities, which thus attempt to achieve good positions on them. These rankings attract great interest each year and are followed attentively by stakeholders in higher education. This paper investigates the trajectory of Spanish universities in the ARWU and THE rankings over the last 5 years using the dynamic biplot technique to study the relationship between a multivariate dataset obtained at more than one time point. The results demonstrate that Spanish universities achieve low positions on international rankings when analyzed using this multivariate and dynamic approach. Indeed, only a small percentage occupy good positions in both studied rankings and stand out in terms of some of the indicators, whereas most achieve weak scores in the global context. Spanish universities should attempt to improve this situation, since the prestige resulting from a good position on these lists will always be beneficial in terms of the visibility of both the universities themselves and the whole Spanish university system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The study examined the "micro-structure" of football practice and the "macro-structure" of participation history of female professional football players. Participants were 29 German 1st league (Bundesliga) players, 14 of whom played on the senior national team (Olympic Champion in 2016). A questionnaire recorded the players' positions, proportions of physical conditioning, drill-type skill exercises and playing forms within coach-led football practice, and the volume of coach-led practice and peer-led play, in both football and other sports, from childhood to adulthood. Analyses revealed that most athletes played various attacker and defender positions during development. National team players differed from their Bundesliga peers by less physical conditioning and greater proportions of playing forms within football practice. National team players also accumulated less total football practice until age 18 years, but more peer-led football and coach-led practice in other sports compared to their Bundesliga counterparts. Based on these variables, a binary logistic regression classified 93% of the national team and Bundesliga players correctly. Conclusion: A combination of long-term coach-led football practice involving a relatively large proportion of playing forms with considerable childhood/adolescent peer-led football play and coach-led practice in other sports may have facilitated adult performance among German female world-class football players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The library as a meeting area between the writer and the readers by materials as it’s media, where it is becomes an important meaning for civilization if it was interpreted as a life-long education by users. This article touches some aspects of the library in the context of human resources development which is intended as a step towards realizing the ideals of the library are included in the category of world class university. Human Resources Development is in the form of curiousity, intuition, humor and services, need to be there and be maximized so that librarians were able to escort the library to refer to the activities of the world class university, such as: Research and development college, Publications, Citation / webometrics, Networks, Quality of the information and knowledge resource. World Class University (WCU) menjadi istilah yang membumi pada beberapa kurun waktu terakhir ini. Perguruan Tinggi (PT) menjadi pionir terdepan yang mengambil istilah ini untuk diimplementasikan. Tentu saja dengan berbagai resiko kritik masyarakat terhadap institusi. Bisa jadi perguruan tinggi ini dinilai masyarakat sebagai aksi untuk meningkatkan kualitas, bisa juga berefek pada promosi yang mempropaganda pikiran masyarakat untuk memihak dan mengantarkan putra-putrinya masuk kuliah di perguruan tinggi tersebut. Namun lebih dari itu ada satu kesan positif dari WCU ini adalah untuk membulatkan kualitas PT sehingga secara akademis mampu memberikan nilai optimal yang bisa disandingkan dengan PT lainnya di dunia internasional. World Class Univeristy (WCU) sebenarnya dimulai sejak Departemen pendidikan Nasional (Diknas) membentuk Tim Gugus Tugas Penetapan 10 Perguruan Tinggi (PT) yang dipersiapkan untuk menjadi universitas kelas dunia. Tidak lama kemudian Diknas kembali memberikan peluang bagi 50 PT untuk tujuan yang sama. PT itu terdiri dari 27 PT negeri dan 23 PT swasta.