8 results on '"Woods EM"'
Search Results
2. Treatment of osteoarthritis with celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor: a randomized controlled trial.
- Author
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Bensen WG, Fiechtner JJ, McMillen JI, Zhao WW, Yu SS, Woods EM, Hubbard RC, Isakson PC, Verburg KM, and Geis GS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal administration & dosage, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal adverse effects, Celecoxib, Cyclooxygenase 2, Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors administration & dosage, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors adverse effects, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Humans, Incidence, Membrane Proteins, Middle Aged, Naproxen therapeutic use, Pyrazoles, Sulfonamides administration & dosage, Sulfonamides adverse effects, Treatment Outcome, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal therapeutic use, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Isoenzymes drug effects, Osteoarthritis drug therapy, Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases drug effects, Sulfonamides therapeutic use
- Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, with those of naproxen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and placebo in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee., Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 1003 patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee were randomly assigned to receive celecoxib at doses of 50, 100, or 200 mg twice a day; naproxen, 500 mg twice a day; or placebo for 12 weeks. Patients were evaluated with standard measures of efficacy 2 to 7 days after discontinuing previous NSAID or analgesic therapy and after 2, 6, and 12 weeks of treatment with the study drug., Results: Celecoxib treatment led to significant improvement in the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis as determined by all efficacy measures. Significant pain relief occurred within 2 days of the initiation of treatment, and maximum anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, evident within 2 weeks, was sustained throughout the 12-week study. All celecoxib doses were efficacious compared with placebo, although the 50-mg twice-daily dosage regimen was minimally effective. The higher doses of celecoxib (100 and 200 mg twice a day) were similarly efficacious, and the magnitude of improvement observed with these dosing regimens was comparable to that seen with naproxen at a dose of 500 mg twice a day. All doses of celecoxib and naproxen were well tolerated., Conclusion: COX-2 inhibition with celecoxib is an effective approach for the treatment of osteoarthritis, as seen by clinical improvement in signs and symptoms comparable to treatment with naproxen.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil versus fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in premenopausal women with axillary node-positive operable breast cancer: results of a randomized trial. The International Collaborative Cancer Group.
- Author
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Coombes RC, Bliss JM, Wils J, Morvan F, Espié M, Amadori D, Gambrosier P, Richards M, Aapro M, Villar-Grimalt A, McArdle C, Pérez-López FR, Vassilopoulos P, Ferreira EP, Chilvers CE, Coombes G, Woods EM, and Marty M
- Subjects
- Adult, Alopecia chemically induced, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols adverse effects, Axilla, Breast Neoplasms mortality, Breast Neoplasms surgery, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Cyclophosphamide administration & dosage, Epirubicin administration & dosage, Female, Fluorouracil administration & dosage, Hematologic Diseases chemically induced, Humans, Lymphatic Metastasis, Mastectomy, Methotrexate administration & dosage, Middle Aged, Nausea chemically induced, Premenopause, Regression Analysis, Survival Analysis, Vomiting chemically induced, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Breast Neoplasms drug therapy, Breast Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Purpose: To determine whether a combination chemotherapy regimen that contains epirubicin (fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide [FEC]) is superior to the standard cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) combination in premenopausal women with axillary node-positive operable breast cancer., Patients and Methods: The International Collaborative Cancer Group (ICCG) conducted a large randomized trial in which two alternative schedules were used according to participating center: CMF1 versus FEC1 and CMF2 versus FEC2., Results: Seven hundred fifty-nine patients were entered onto the trial. At a median follow-up time of 4.5 years, no significant benefit for the anthracycline-containing regimen was observed in terms of relapse-free (P = .61) or overall survival (P = .13). FEC1 and CMF1 appear to be of similar efficacy, but there is a suggestion that FEC2 may be superior to CMF2, since patients who received FEC2 had improved overall (P = .02) and relapse-free survival (P = .03) rates. Nausea and vomiting and alopecia were more common in the epirubicin-containing regimen (P = .001)., Conclusion: We conclude that the FEC2 regimen, in which epirubicin replaced the methotrexate in CMF, is the preferable adjuvant chemotherapy regimen for premenopausal patients with operable axillary node-positive breast cancer.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Double-blind comparison of efficacy and gastroduodenal safety of diclofenac/misoprostol, piroxicam, and naproxen in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
- Author
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Melo Gomes JA, Roth SH, Zeeh J, Bruyn GA, Woods EM, and Geis GS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Diclofenac administration & dosage, Double-Blind Method, Drug Combinations, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Gastrointestinal Diseases chemically induced, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Misoprostol administration & dosage, Naproxen administration & dosage, Piroxicam administration & dosage, Diclofenac adverse effects, Misoprostol adverse effects, Naproxen adverse effects, Osteoarthritis drug therapy, Peptic Ulcer chemically induced, Piroxicam adverse effects
- Abstract
Objectives: To compare the efficacy and gastroduodenal safety of a fixed-dose combination of diclofenac sodium 50 mg and misoprostol 200 micrograms twice daily with those of piroxicam 10 mg twice daily and naproxen 375 mg twice daily in patients with osteoarthritis., Methods: A 4 week, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, multicentre study was conducted in 643 patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee, who required continuous non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy for 4 weeks and who were without significant upper gastrointestinal damage as confirmed by endoscopy., Results: For patients who had pre- and post-treatment endoscopic examinations, gastroduodenal ulcers developed in 3 (1.5%) of 200 patients treated with diclofenac/misoprostol, 21 (10.3%) of 204 piroxicam-treated patients, and 17 (8.6%) of 198 patients receiving naproxen (Chi square = 13.771, p = 0.001). The improvement in the osteoarthritis severity index was greater in the diclofenac/misoprostol group than in the piroxicam group (p = 0.004). Changes in physician and patient global assessments showed no significant differences between treatment groups. The incidences of diarrhoea and abdominal pain were higher in the diclofenac/misoprostol group than in the piroxicam and naproxen groups., Conclusions: Diclofenac/misoprostol at twice daily dosing is associated with significantly fewer gastroduodenal ulcers than either piroxicam or naproxen. The efficacy of diclofenac/misoprostol in treating the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis is at least comparable to that of piroxicam and naproxen.
- Published
- 1993
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- View/download PDF
5. Synthesis and gastric antisecretory properties of 4,5-unsaturated derivatives of 15-deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-methylprostaglandin E1.
- Author
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Collins PW, Dajani EZ, Pappo R, Gasiecki AF, Bianchi RG, and Woods EM
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- Animals, Diarrhea chemically induced, Dogs, Female, Gastric Mucosa metabolism, Histamine pharmacology, Isomerism, Male, Prostaglandins E, Synthetic pharmacology, Rats, Gastric Mucosa drug effects, Prostaglandins E, Synthetic chemical synthesis
- Abstract
The synthesis and gastric antisecretory activities of the delta 4,5-cis, delta 4,5-trans, and 4,5-acetylenic analogues of 15-deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-methyl prostaglandin E1 methyl ester are described. The key step in the preparation of these compounds involved the stereospecific conjugate addition of a cuprate reagent to the appropriate cyclopentenones. Although the trans and acetylenic derivatives were weak inhibitors of gastric acid secretion, the cis olefin was more potent and longer acting than the saturated parent compound. Selectivity with respect to unwanted diarrheagenic effects was found to be improved over that of both the parent 16-hydroxy compound and the reference standards, (15S)-15-methyl- and 16,16-dimethylprostaglandin E2.
- Published
- 1983
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Canine gastrointestinal motility effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha in vivo.
- Author
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Dajani EZ, Bertermann RE, Roge EA, Schweingruber FL, and Woods EM
- Subjects
- Animals, Colon drug effects, Dogs, Duodenum drug effects, Female, Ileum drug effects, In Vitro Techniques, Male, Muscle Contraction drug effects, Time Factors, Gastrointestinal Motility drug effects, Prostaglandins F pharmacology
- Abstract
Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of some diarrhea in man. PGF2 alpha has been shown to increase the smooth muscle contractile motility of some gastrointestinal muscles in vitro. The in vivo effects of PGF2 alpha on bowel smooth muscles are not clearly delineated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PGF2 alpha on motility of the small and large intestine in the anesthetized dog. Six contractile force transducers were implanted to record contractions from both the circular and longitudinal muscles of the duodenum, ileum and colon. Blood pressure was monitored from the femoral artery and drug injections were made in the femoral vein. The i.v. administration of PGF2 alpha (1 microgram/kg/min) significantly stimulated duodenal circular muscle contractile frequency while depressing the longitudinal muscle contractile tone. In the ileum, PGF2 alpha markedly stimulated circular and longitudinal muscle contractions. In the circular ileum, tone was significantly increased while in the longitudinal ileum it was significantly decreased. In the colon PGF2 alpha did not significantly affect intestinal motility. These results suggest that the diarrheal effects of PGF2 alpha may be related to an effect on small bowel rather than on large bowel motility in the dog.
- Published
- 1979
7. Synthesis and gastric antisecretory properties of alpha chain diene derivatives of misoprostol.
- Author
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Collins PW, Gasiecki AF, Jones PH, Bauer RF, Gullikson GW, Woods EM, and Bianchi RG
- Subjects
- Alprostadil chemical synthesis, Alprostadil pharmacology, Animals, Dogs, Female, Gastric Juice drug effects, Indicators and Reagents, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Misoprostol, Prostaglandins pharmacology, Structure-Activity Relationship, Alprostadil analogs & derivatives, Anti-Ulcer Agents chemical synthesis, Gastric Juice metabolism
- Abstract
The synthesis and gastric antisecretory activity in dogs of seven alpha chain diene derivatives of misoprostol are described. The key intermediates in the preparation of these compounds were C-9 tert-butyldimethylsilyl enol ethers that were obtained by in situ silylation of cuprate enolates derived from alpha chain unsaturated cyclopentenones. Selenylation chemistry on these intermediates provided the C2-C3 trans dienes that, where possible, were also deconjugated to produce the corresponding C3-C4 dienes. The most interesting structure in this series is the C5-C6 cis, C3-C4 cis/trans (1:1) diene that could not be readily separated chromatographically into its individual geometric isomers. The gastric antisecretory activity of the mixture of isomers was approximately 3 times greater than that of misoprostol by intragastric administration. The separation of undesired diarrheogenic effects from antisecretory activity was significantly improved relative to misoprostol.
- Published
- 1986
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Naloxone reversal of drug-induced diarrhea in mice.
- Author
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Dajani EZ, Woods EM, Roge EA, Bertermann RE, and Schweingruber FL
- Subjects
- 5-Hydroxytryptophan antagonists & inhibitors, Animals, Cyproheptadine pharmacology, Diarrhea chemically induced, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Male, Methacholine Compounds antagonists & inhibitors, Mice, Morphine pharmacology, Propantheline pharmacology, Prostaglandins F antagonists & inhibitors, Antidiarrheals, Naloxone pharmacology
- Abstract
The potential role of endogenous opiates in the mediation of the diarrheal actions of prostaglandin-F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and methacholine was investigated. The interaction of the antidiarrheal agents morphine, propantheline bromide and cyproheptadine on the course of PGF2 alpha-induced diarrhea in mice was studied, as were the effects of naloxone on PGF2 alpha-, methacholine-, and 5-hydroxytryptophan-induced diarrhea. The three diarrheal agents, administered intraperitoneally, showed dose-dependent and parallel dose-response curves with the following order of decreasing potency: PGF2 alpha, methacholine and 5-HTP. Naloxone significantly inhibited the diarrhea induced by these agents. The diarrheal action of PGF2 alpha was also significantly attenuated with morphine, propantheline and cyproheptadine. These results suggest that PGF2 alpha, methacholine and 5-HTP induce diarrhea via a common pharmacological mechanism(s) which may involve an interaction with endogenous opiate receptors. However, the antagonism of diarrhea with agents having diverse pharmacological actions would suggest that factors unrelated to an interaction with endogenous opiates may also be involved in the production of diarrhea by the diarrheagenic agents studied.
- Published
- 1979
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