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3. You Don't Know What You've Got till It's Gone: Using a Sense of Humor to Rebuild Community in the Classroom

Author

Woodall, S. Joseph

Abstract

In this article, the author shares his fear that students will become accustomed to an educational experience that lacks joy and fun as a result of the changes made to education due to the COVID-19 pandemic. He and his teaching colleagues have noticed that when students are learning virtually, they act much more as receivers of knowledge than active participants in the learning process. Although grades and evaluations during all-virtual learning indicated that their students grasped the material and could work independently, the experience was not the same. None of the intangibles of the college experience--such as having informal discussions after class--were taking place.

Published
2021

5. Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease

Author

Ridker PM, Everett BM, Thuren T, MacFadyen JG, Chang WH, Ballantyne C, Fonseca F, Nicolau J, Koenig W, Anker SD, Kastelein JJP, Cornel JH, Pais P, Pella D, Genest J, Cifkova R, Lorenzatti A, Forster T, Kobalava Z, Vida-Simiti L, Flather M, Shimokawa H, Ogawa H, Dellborg M, Rossi PRF, Troquay RPT, Libby P, Glynn RJ, Novo S, Krum H, Varigos J, Siostrzonek P, Sinnaeve P, Gotcheva N, Yong H, Urina-Triana M, Milicic D, Vettus R, Manolis AJ, Wyss F, Sigurdsson A, Fucili A, Veze I, Petrauskiene B, Salvador L, Klemsdal TO, Medina F, Budaj A, Otasevic P, Lainscak M, Seung KB, Commerford P, Donath M, Hwang JJ, Kultursay H, Bilazarian S, East C, Forgosh L, Harris B, Ligueros M, Bohula E, Charmarthi B, Cheng S, Chou S, Danik J, McMahon G, Maron B, Ning M, Olenchock B, Pande R, Perlstein T, Pradhan A, Rost N, Singhal A, Taqueti V, Wei N, Burris H, Cioffi A, Dalseg AM, Ghosh N, Gralow J, Mayer T, Rugo H, Fowler V, Limaye AP, Cosgrove S, Levine D, Lopes R, Scott J, Hilkert R, Tamesby G, Mickel C, Manning B, Woelcke J, Tan M, Manfreda S, Ponce T, Kam J, Saini R, Banker K, Salko T, Nandy P, Tawfik R, O’Neil G, Manne S, Jirvankar P, Lal S, Nema D, Jose J, Collins R, Bailey K, Blumenthal R, Colhoun H, Gersh B, Abreu M, Actis MV, Aiub J, Aiub F, Albisu J, Alvarisqueta A, Avalos V, Barreto M, Berli MA, Blumberg C, Bocanera M, Botta C, Bowen L, Budassi N, Buhlman S, Westberg JC, Carabajal T, Caruso G, Casala J, Cendali G, Coloma G, Berra FC, Cuneo C, Degennaro N, Dellasa M, Diaz M, Dos Santos P, Espinosa V, Facello A, Facello M, Farias E, Fernandez AA, Ferrari V, Pacora FF, Flores GS, Franco M, Gabito A, Viola HG, Garcia F, Garcia Duran R, Garcia Pinna J, Glenny J, Godoy Sanchez M, Grosse A, Guzman P, Hasbani E, Hominal M, Ibañez J, Jure H, Jure D, Vico ML, Liniado G, Luciardi H, Luquez H, Maehara G, Maffei L, Majul C, Mallagray M, Marinaro S, Martinez J, Massaccesi R, De Los Milagros Had M, Azize GM, Montana O, Montenegro E, Morell Y, Muntaner J, Navarrete S, Olmedo M, Paganini M, Paz S, Perez Manghi F, Piskorz D, Polato C, Recoaro R, Romano A, Salinger M, Sanchez A, Saravia MA, Sarjanovich R, Scaro G, Schiavi LB, Soler J, Tinnirello V, Tomassi A, Valle M, Vallejo MA, Venturini C, Marcela Wenetz LM, Yossen M, Zaidman C, Zalazar L, Zangroniz P, Amerena J, Brady L, Colquhoun D, Eccleston D, Ferreira-Jardim A, French J, Jayasinghe R, Mcintosh C, Ord M, Plotz M, Purnell P, Roberts-Thomson P, Schultz C, Shanahan T, Tan R, Taverner P, Turner F, Vibert J, Vorster M, William M, Youssef G, Bergler-Klein J, Brath H, Brodmann M, Fliesser-Goerzer E, Haider K, Heeren G, Hiden C, Mandic L, Paulweber B, Ploechl A, Prenner A, Steringer-Mascherbauer R, Strohner-Kaestenbauer H, Barbato E, Bouvy C, Briké C, Charlier F, Cools F, De Knijf K, De Wolf L, Delforge M, Deweerdt N, Gits F, Goffinet C, Hermans K, Hollanders G, Mestdagh I, Pirenne B, Servaes V, Simons N, Tahon S, Theunissen E, Van Genechten G, Vervoort G, Vissers C, Vranckx P, Vrolix M, Abib E Jr, Abrantes J, Araujo Fonseca M, Barbosa E, Barroso W, Barroso A, Bodanese L, Botelho R, Costa Amorim R, Da Costa F, Da Silva A, Da Silva O Jr, Da Silva D Jr, Ferreira Dos Santos T, Dos Santos F, Dos Santos A, Duda N, Feitosa G, Felario Junior GA, Ferraz R, Filho P, Fonseca A, Wanderley FF, Freitas E, Fucci F, Marengo Garcia De Carvalho L, Hernandez M, Hettwer Magedanz E, Julião K, Kormann A, Lameira A, Lima F, Lino E, Maia L, Manenti E, Marchi AL, Fischer SM, Michalaros Y, Moraes J Jr, Moreira L, Pagnan M, Pesce F, Pinheiro L, Rassi S, Reis G, Reis H, Resende I, Roel A, Ruschel K, Saporito W, Saraiva JF, Seroqui M, Silva R, Unterkircher B, Vicente C, Vieira N, Xavier JP, Zucchetti C, Angelova I, Dimitrov G, Genova D, Gospodinov K, Goudev A, Grigorova V, Hristova K, Makedonska JJ, Katova T, Kostov K, Lazov P, Manov E, Manukov I, Manukov D, Milanova M, Kabakchieva VM, Petrov D, Petrusheva T, Pramatarova I, Raev D, Runev N, Sirakova-Taseva A, Tisheva-Gospodinova S, Todorova A, Tzekova M, Yakovova S, Yanev T, Abulencia K, Arora S, Baker A, Bata IR, Beaudry M, Belle Isle J, Bilodeau N, Boivin MC, Bolduc H, Bourgeois S, Brons S, Cantor W, Chaussé I, Chhabra A, Chouinard G, Cleveland T, Dattani D, Deslongchamps F, Diodati J, Drouin K, Duchesne L, Fontaine S, d'Amours DG, Gervais B, Gosselin G, Graham J, Grover A, Gupta A, Haldane H, Hartleib M, Hickey L, Huynh T, Johnston J, Julien VE, Lachance P, Lake J, Lamontagne C, Lauzon C, Lepage S, Maheux K, Manyari D, Martin E, McPherson C, Mehta S, Michaud N, Kouz SM, Murphy G, OKeefe D, Otis R, Ouimet F, Pandey S, Peck C, Perkins L, Richert L, Robbins K, Robinson S, Cabau JR, Ross B, Roy C, Roy M, Roy A, Rupka D, Affaki GS, Saunders K, Savard D, Soucy D, St Amour E, Thiessen S, Vertes G, Vezina M, Vincelli G, Weisnagel SJ, Zadra R, Chen J, Chen Y, Dong X, Feng Y, Feng Z, Fu G, Han B, Hao Y, He Y, He Z, Hong T, Jia Z, Jiang T, Jiang J, Jiang X, Ke Y, Li Y, Li Z, Li W, Li X, Liu P, Liu Y, Liu B, Liu S, Liu L, Lu Z, Lv Y, Ma C, Ma G, Peng L, Qing L, Ren L, Sang X, Song M, Sun Z, Wang J, Wang Y, Wei J, Wu W, Wu J, Xu H, Yan J, Yang P, Yang K, Yao Z, Yaoqing H, Yuan Z, Zhai Z, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhao R, Zhou H, Accini Mendoza JL, Aparicio CV, Castillo T, Chaverra I, Conrado Y, Coronel J, Cotes C, Cuentas I, Cuervo A, Dussan MA, Echeverria L, Hernandez E, Ibarra J, Isaza D, Jimenez D, Lopez P, Manzur F, Mejia I, Mendoza Y, Molina DI, Patino JM, Rodriguez D, Rodriguez LM, Rodriguez SM, Sanchez Vallejo G, Luz Serrano H, Sotomayor A, Urina M, Vesga B, Yupanqui H, Akrap B, Busic N, Ciglenecki N, Cmrecnjak J, Fucak E, Gabor M, Jeric M, Jutrisa N, Kordic K, Planinc I, Popovic Z, Radeljic V, Sesto I, Sutalo K, Tusek S, Belohlavek J, Budkova J, Busak L, Capova L, Cech V, Cermak O, Coufalova Z, Cyprian R, Dedek V, Dedkova S, Ferkl R, Hanak P, Hanustiakova A, Homza M, Horackova K, Houra M, Iveta H, Kaiserova L, Kala P, Karel I, Kellnerova I, Koleckar P, Kreckova M, Krupicka J, Lorenc Z, Machova V, Malik J, Masarikova L, Matyasek I, Mikus M, Mikusova T, Ondrasik J, Otava M, Palubova L, Pavlickova L, Peterka M, Petrova I, Pokorna B, Povolny P, Radvan M, Reznakova S, Rickova Z, Roszkowska P, Rotreklova M, Samkova D, Skalicka H, Slechticka A, Sternthal P, Telekes P, Tesak M, Vesely P, Vesely J, Vins P, Vitovec M, Vodnansky P, Zidova M, Keba E, Laane E, Pool T, Randvee L, Ratnik E, Reimand M, Reinmets S, Rivis L, Siemann M, Stern M, Toom M, Vahula V, Apel T, Axthelm C, Ayasse D, Ayasse M, Baar M, Baeumer A, Bagi ES, Becker B, Binder A, Blankenberg S, Braun P, Johansen BB, Contzen C, Delfonso F, Denecke C, Dengler T, Donaubauer T, Eichinger G, Englmann E, Erhard M, Faghih M, Foerster A, Frankenstein L, Fuchs R, Furch G, Gaeb-Strasas B, Germann H, Giese C, Goette A, Gravenhorst-Muenter U, Haege R, Haenel T, Hagemann D, Hagenow A, Hanefeld M, Heider J, Heisters J, Hennig D, Hielscher S, Himpel-Boenninghoff A, Holscher A, Hornig M, Jeserich M, Kaczmarek N, Kanitz S, Kara YD, Khariouzov A, Kiefer R, Kiroglu K, Klamm M, Klein C, Korth-Wiemann B, Krapivsky A, Kuenzler J, Kuntzsch A, Landers B, Lappo M, Laube S, Leggewie S, Lehmann D, Lepp H, Lierse T, Lindner C, Luecke-Uzar M, Luedemann J, Marschke T, Maruzzo S, Mauersberger K, Maus O, Meinrich M, Meissner A, Moehring B, Muehlhaus J, Mueller S, Muenter KC, Muenzel T, Naumann R, Nebel J, Neumann J, Nuding S, Overhoff U, Papke B, Pencz I, Peter Y, Peukert AM, Radde I, Rau T, Regner S, Reichenbach D, Reimer D, Rinke A, Roettges R, Romanski A, Rummel R, Samer H, Sanuri M, Sarnighausen HE, Schäfer B, Scheibner T, Schermaul KH, Schindler A, Schlundt C, Schmidt E, Schmidt K, Schnabel A, Schoen N, Schorn K, Schroeder T, Schulenburg D, Schulz M, Schulze U, Schulze J, Schumacher M, Schwerin G, Schwerin M, Stadelmeier S, Stahl HD, Stahl A, Stockhausen J, Stockhausen G, Stoessel J, Stolze K, Stratmann M, Szymanowski N, Teschner AB, Teske A, Uecker C, Veit S, Voeller H, Walter I, Walter J, Walther I, Weber HG, Weimer J, Wichterich K, Wiebusch A, Willmerdinger M, Willner C, Winkelmann B, Winkler J, Wistuba T, Woehrle J, Wohnlich T, Wolf S, Woyczak D, Wrage P, Zirlik A, Anadiotis A, Chachalis G, Dermitzakis A, Kafarakis P, Kaldara E, Kolokathis F, Kostakou P, Lekakis J, Manolis A, Mantas I, Megalou A, Milkas A, Nanas J, Olympios CD, Patsilinakos S, Perperis A, Poulimenos L, Saloustros I, Tsioufis K, Tsorbatzoglou K, Vardas P, Zarifis I, Aguilar M, Arango JL, Borrayo NA, Corona V, Guerrero A, Guzman I, Haase F, De Krumbach L, Montenegro P, Munoz R, Munoz N, Paniagua A, Solares A, Vogel M, Anita S, Blazsek Z, Decsi K, Fulop T, Hangyal T, Hegedus V, Kalina A, Karakai H, Katona A, Kiss RG, Kovacs A, Laszlo Z, Lupkovics G, Medvegy M, Merkely B, Mihaly N, Nagy AC, Dékány JN, Nikoletta P, Noori E, Penzes J, Poor F, Sarszegi Z, Simay A, Simon J, Szakal I, Szatmarine V, Szocs A, Zilahi Z, Karsai XZ, Andersen K, Sigurdadottir E, Skuladottir F, Abdullakutty J, Abhaichand R, Abhyankar A, Agarwal DK, Aggarwal RK, Ahire N, Awasthi AK, Babu R, Bai A, Bali HK, Banker D, Bhadade S, Bisne V, Bohra P, Raghu C, Chauhan D, Chauhan H, Chavada J, Chaware G, Chella S, Chintala P, Dash D, Desai D, Devasia T, Dhanak R, Dobariya H, Dudhatra N, Duhan S, Fulwani M, Ghondale N, Ghosh S, Gohel P, Govindaraj D, Goyal B, Goyal S, Gundala AK, Gupta M, Hardas S, Iby M, Jagtap P, Jain A, Joshi U, Karpuram M, Kaur H, Khan A, Khan R, Kodem DR, Koeitti P, Kulkarni L, Kullal P, Kumar KS, Kumbla M, Latheef K, Lohkare M, Santosh MJ, Makhe B, Mandati M, Mehta A, Minocha G, Mittal A, Modi R, Mohan K, Oomman A, Pai R, Pai V, Palaniswami N, Pansheriya A, Parekh N, Patel J, Patel R, Patole T, Praveen M, Radhakrishnan V, Rajan B A, Rajasekhar D, Rao M, Rao MB, Rao NM, Rathnavel S, Rathore A, Rathore SRS, Rawat S, Reddy NC, Sarma R, Sathe S, Shah J, Shaikh P, Sharma K, Sharma S, Sharma T, Shetty P, Sidhu G, Singh V, Sohi GS, Srinath VS, Raju SS, Taran A, Thakkar B, Velusamy K, Vijan V, Vora V, Vuriya AK, Agosta GF, Antonicelli R, Ardissino D, Argiolas G, Baldin MG, Benedetti G, Berti S, Bevilacqua MT, Bolognesi MG, Dessalvi CC, Calabrese A, Campanale EG, Candusso R, Caso P, Cosmi F, Crea F, Crocamo A, De Caterina R, De Rosa S, Destro M, Di Biase M, Dognini GP, Eleuteri E, Fedele F, Ferrario M, Gabrielli D, Gamba C, Ganau A, Gravellone M, Iannopollo G, Indolfi C, Infusino F, Invitti C, Landolfi A, Lembo G, Liberato NL, Mannucci E, Marino P, Mariottoni B, Marziali A, Mercuro G, Monti L, Mos L, Mureddu V, Musumeci MB, Panzarino C, Parente A, Perotti M, Filardi PP, Petrillo C, Piatti P, Priori S, Racca V, Ragghianti B, Renda G, Righini V, Sarcone M, Senni M, Soro E, Tamburrini P, Vallone L, Villani GQ, Volpe M, Ajioka M, Akai Y, Ashino K, Baden M, Doi M, Eki Y, Endo T, Fukuike C, Hagiwara Y, Hasegawa K, Higuchi Y, Higuchi T, Hioki M, Hirayama A, Hiroma J, Hosokawa S, Ichisawa M, Iijima T, Inada T, Inagaki M, Ito K, Kaigawa K, Kajihara S, Kamiya H, Kamiya J, Kaneno Y, Katahira K, Kataoka M, Kawai M, Kawasaki T, Kojima E, Komura Y, Kuramochi T, Kuruma T, Kyo E, Mani H, Miyamoto T, Morii I, Morinaga Y, Morisawa T, Nagai Y, Naka T, Nakamura Y, Nakamura S, Nakayoshi K, Nishibe A, Ogawa M, Okada Y, Okawa M, Sakamoto Y, Sakurada M, Sasaki S, Seki S, Shimomura H, Shinozaki T, Sugimoto N, Suzuki A, Taguchi S, Takahashi J, Takase S, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tani S, Tomioka J, Tsuboi H, Tsuji M, Tsujita K, Tsujiyama S, Umesu A, Yamada T, Yamaguchi E, Yamamoto H, Yamamoto T, Yamane M, Yanase T, Yasuoka S, Yasutake M, Yokoyama M, Yoshida M, Yoshimoto E, Yunoki C, Balode A, Dormidontova G, Flaksa I, Nagele-Luse I, Rancane G, Sime I, Bartuseviciene S, Cepinskiene L, Dobilas V, Grigaraviciene I, Marcinkeviciene J, Mazutavicius R, Miliuniene R, Motiejuniene R, Norkiene S, Norkute-Macijauske U, Rudys A, Slapikas R, Stonkute K, Strazdiene D, Tijuneliene E, Urbonas G, Vanagiene S, Viezelis M, Arenas Leon JL, Bayram E, Carrillo J, Davalos C, De Los Rios M, Delgadillo T, Hernández N, Leon S, Mendoza N, Muñoz W, Ramos G, Anneveldt A, Bakker H, Brouwer M, Bunschoten P, De Boer P, De Jong C, De Vos A, Den Hartog F, Doesborg L, Dommerholt R, Drost I, Ellenbroek D, Engelen W, Folkeringa RJ, Hamer BJB, Herrman JP, Hoogslag PAM, Jansen M, Jerzewski A, Joosten C, Kalkman C, Kietselaer B, Kok M, Kooiman E, Kose V, Lardinois R, Lenderink T, Lok DJA, Lousberg A, Meijlis P, Mulder R, Singerling M, Smeele F, Stroes E, Swart HP, Ten Holt W, Van Der Wal M, Van Der Zwaan C, Van Kempen WW, Van Maarseveen M, Van Stein I, Viergever EP, Visseren FLJ, Voors C, Nugteren SKZ, Ata B, Berulfsen A, Rønnevik TD, Dickstein K, Furuseth B, Grundtvig M, Hansen H, Hofsoey K, Høivik HO, Bøen RH, Hurtig U, Pettersen KI, Johansen E, Kleve R, Kolleroy C, Moen S, Nilsen V, Norin V, Otterstad JE, Risberg K, Rønnevik P, Sirnes PA, Skjelvan G, Strand S, Szacinski G, Vegsundvåg J, Alcalde JM, Gomez Sanchez J, Rodriguez J, Rodriguez A, Zena N, Baszak J, Cymerman K, Czerski T, Fratczak M, Jaguszewska G, Kawka-Urbanek T, Koba M, Kopaczewski J, Kopczyńska M, Laniec M, Lysek R, Sciborski R, Szpajer M, Torun A, Wujkowski M, Zielinski M, Ahn Y, Baek C, Bang SA, Chang K, Choi AJ, Han S, Hyun K, Kim M, Kim KS, Kim B, Lee SH, Lee J, Lee HN, Lee JH, Lee KR, Moon K, Park B, Park C, Tahk S, Yim KH, Yim S, Tase T, Andor M, Aron G, Badea C, Casoinic F, Clocotan M, Coman S, Emil B, Imre BS, Istratoaie O, Liviu C, Maximov D, Militaru C, Minescu B, Istvan KP, Parepa I, Petrescu L, Podoleanu C, Pop CF, Popa V, Popescu E, Radoi M, Sarbu I, Socoteanu E, Socoteanu G, Sorodoc L, Spiridon M, Stanciulescu G, Stefanescu M, Tanaseanu C, Tudoran M, Zdrenghea D, Agafina A, Akatova E, Avdonina N, Balukova E, Barbarash OL, Bartosh L, Boyarkin M, Bulashova O, Burova N, Churina S, Demidova M, Dorogova I, Dovgalevskiy Y, Dovgolis S, Dudarev M, Fitilev S, Gapon L, Gazizianova V, Gordeev I, Ivanov I, Izmozherova N, Kazanskay E, Khirmanov V, Khromtsova O, Konradi A, Kosmacheva E, Kozlova S, Kulibaba E, Kuzin A, Libov I, Lipchenko A, Lozhkina N, Malchikova S, Morozov E, Myslyaeva L, Onuchina E, Palatkina T, Panov A, Parmon E, Petelina T, Repin A, Reznik I, Sazonova E, Sergienko T, Shaposhnik I, Shapovalova Y, Shustov S, Shvarts Y, Skopets I, Skuratova M, Smolenskaya O, Solovev O, Trofimov V, Vasiliev M, Vezikova N, Vozzhaev A, Yakushin S, Zadionchenko V, Apostolovic S, Adjic NC, Ilic I, Ilic S, Nikolic L, Pupic L, Stokuca-Korac N, Antalik L, Bugan V, Csala L, Dokupilova A, Dzupina A, Forgon T, Fulop P, Gonsorcik J, Gyorgyova E, Holoubek D, Horvat P, Kamensky G, Kolikova V, Krupciakova B, Lenner E, Lennerova J, Lukac J, Majercak I, Mancikova I, Micko K, Nociar J, Pales J, Palka J Jr, Poliacik P, Ruffini L, Sabo L, Skubova K, Slanina M, Smik R, Srdos V, Stitova M, Stofkova D, Strbova J, Such S, Toth P, Urgeova L, Vinanska D, Zareczky P, Flezar M, Kovacic D, Marcun R, Zagozen P, Bolsmann C, Conradie C, Dawood SY, Decsi KL, Ebrahim I, Henley L, Horak A, Kapp I, Komati S, Lock E, Maboyi S, Makotoko E, Manga P, Page A, Ramdas S, Ranjith N, Roos J, Talliard C, Ajax K, Al-Khalili F, Assarsson E, Bergholtz T, Blom KB, Boman K, Boström PÅ, Curiac D, Jensen ED, Dahlen G, Davidsson K, Duckert A, Hansson A, Härstedt N, Henriksson A, Olsson GH, Johansson K, Jonsson JE, Knutsson A, Lindholm CJ, Lönnberg I, Lundqvist M, Mellberg L, Moodh J, Mooe T, Olofsson M, Risenfors M, Rönndahl M, Sundelin R, Suorra I, Torgersruud M, Torstensson I, Chang KC, Chen CP, Chen ZC, Chen MH, Cheng SM, Cheng JJ, Fang CY, Ho CJ, Hsieh IC, Huang PH, Huang A, Kuo JY, Lai WT, Lee SC, Li YH, Lin T, Liu HM, Tsai MC, Tsao HM, Tzong L, Ueng KC, Wang YL, Wang HC, Wang CP, Yang CC, Abaci F, Birdane A, Yilmaz MB, Asim Oktay AO, Kan G, Koldas N, Ozcan IT, Sahin M, Sahin T, Saka B, Tekten T, Ucar N, Uresin S, Yigit Z, Arif I, Bakhai A, Baksi A, Blagdon M, Brickman T, Brown N, Burton M, Burton J, Chaggar S, Chung A, Collier D, Covell W, Crawford G, Davies N, Davies M, Dayer M, Doughty A, Duff J, Dwenger E, Fisher J, Fitzpatrick L, Garner K, Glover J, Haughton G, Ilsley M, Ivan P, Voyzey EJ, Keenan S, Kelt T, Knight J, 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JP, Hoogslag PAM, Jansen M, Jerzewski A, Joosten C, Kalkman C, Kietselaer B, Kok M, Kooiman E, Kose V, Lardinois R, Lenderink T, Lok DJA, Lousberg A, Meijlis P, Mulder R, Singerling M, Smeele F, Stroes E, Swart HP, Ten Holt W, Van Der Wal M, Van Der Zwaan C, Van Kempen WW, Van Maarseveen M, Van Stein I, Viergever EP, Visseren FLJ, Voors C, Nugteren SKZ, Ata B, Berulfsen A, Rønnevik TD, Dickstein K, Furuseth B, Grundtvig M, Hansen H, Hofsoey K, Høivik HO, Bøen RH, Hurtig U, Pettersen KI, Johansen E, Kleve R, Kolleroy C, Moen S, Nilsen V, Norin V, Otterstad JE, Risberg K, Rønnevik P, Sirnes PA, Skjelvan G, Strand S, Szacinski G, Vegsundvåg J, Alcalde JM, Gomez Sanchez J, Rodriguez J, Rodriguez A, Zena N, Baszak J, Cymerman K, Czerski T, Fratczak M, Jaguszewska G, Kawka-Urbanek T, Koba M, Kopaczewski J, Kopczyńska M, Laniec M, Lysek R, Sciborski R, Szpajer M, Torun A, Wujkowski M, Zielinski M, Ahn Y, Baek C, Bang SA, Chang K, Choi AJ, Han S, Hong T, Hyun K, Kim M, Kim KS, Kim B, Lee SH, Lee J, Lee HN, Lee JH, Lee KR, Moon K, Park B, Park C, Tahk S, Yim KH, Yim S, Tase T, Andor M, Aron G, Badea C, Casoinic F, Clocotan M, Coman S, Emil B, Imre BS, Istratoaie O, Liviu C, Maximov D, Militaru C, Minescu B, Istvan KP, Parepa I, Petrescu L, Podoleanu C, Pop CF, Popa V, Popescu E, Radoi M, Sarbu I, Socoteanu E, Socoteanu G, Sorodoc L, Spiridon M, Stanciulescu G, Stefanescu M, Tanaseanu C, Tudoran M, Zdrenghea D, Agafina A, Akatova E, Avdonina N, Balukova E, Barbarash OL, Bartosh L, Boyarkin M, Bulashova O, Burova N, Churina S, Demidova M, Dorogova I, Dovgalevskiy Y, Dovgolis S, Dudarev M, Fitilev S, Gapon L, Gazizianova V, Gordeev I, Ivanov I, Izmozherova N, Kazanskay E, Khirmanov V, Khromtsova O, Konradi A, Kosmacheva E, Kozlova S, Kulibaba E, Kuzin A, Libov I, Lipchenko A, Lozhkina N, Malchikova S, Morozov E, Myslyaeva L, Onuchina E, Palatkina T, Panov A, Parmon E, Petelina T, Repin A, Reznik I, Sazonova E, Sergienko T, Shaposhnik I, Shapovalova Y, Shustov S, Shvarts Y, Skopets I, Skuratova M, Smolenskaya O, Solovev O, Trofimov V, Vasiliev M, Vezikova N, Vozzhaev A, Yakushin S, Zadionchenko V, Apostolovic S, Adjic NC, Ilic I, Ilic S, Nikolic L, Pupic L, Stokuca-Korac N, Antalik L, Bugan V, Csala L, Dokupilova A, Dzupina A, Forgon T, Fulop P, Gonsorcik J, Gyorgyova E, Holoubek D, Horvat P, Kamensky G, Kolikova V, Krupciakova B, Lenner E, Lennerova J, Lukac J, Majercak I, Mancikova I, Micko K, Nociar J, Pales J, Palka J Jr, Poliacik P, Ruffini L, Sabo L, Skubova K, Slanina M, Smik R, Srdos V, Stitova M, Stofkova D, Strbova J, Such S, Toth P, Urgeova L, Vinanska D, Zareczky P, Flezar M, Kovacic D, Marcun R, Zagozen P, Bolsmann C, Commerford P, Conradie C, Dawood SY, Decsi KL, Ebrahim I, Henley L, Horak A, Kapp I, Komati S, Lock E, Maboyi S, Makotoko E, Manga P, Page A, Ramdas S, Ranjith N, Roos J, Talliard C, Ajax K, Al-Khalili F, Assarsson E, Bergholtz T, Blom KB, Boman K, Boström PÅ, Curiac D, Jensen ED, Dahlen G, Davidsson K, Duckert A, Hansson A, Härstedt N, Henriksson A, Olsson GH, Johansson K, Jonsson JE, Knutsson A, Lindholm CJ, Liu B, Lönnberg I, Lundqvist M, Mellberg L, Moodh J, Mooe T, Olofsson M, Risenfors M, Rönndahl M, Sundelin R, Suorra I, Torgersruud M, Torstensson I, Chang KC, Chen CP, Chen ZC, Chen MH, Cheng SM, Cheng JJ, Fang CY, Ho CJ, Hsieh IC, Huang PH, Huang A, Hwang JJ, Kuo JY, Lai WT, Lee SC, Li YH, Lin T, Liu HM, Tsai MC, Tsao HM, Tzong L, Ueng KC, Wang YL, Wang HC, Wang CP, Yang CC, Abaci F, Birdane A, Yilmaz MB, Asim Oktay AO, Kan G, Koldas N, Ozcan IT, Sahin M, Sahin T, Saka B, Tekten T, Ucar N, Uresin S, Yigit Z, Arif I, Bakhai A, Baksi A, Blagdon M, Brickman T, Brown N, Burton M, Burton J, Chaggar S, Chung A, Collier D, Covell W, Crawford G, Davies N, Davies M, Dayer M, Doughty A, Duff J, Dwenger E, Fisher J, Fitzpatrick L, Garner K, Glover J, Haughton G, Ilsley M, Ivan P, Voyzey EJ, Keenan S, Kelt T, Knight J, Kondagunta V, Lang C, Lee K, Lim L, Macdonald J, Mathew A, Mckenzie A, Mckibbin A, Michalska A, Pagett K, Pogson A, Price R, Price D, Procter K, Pye M, Redfearn H, Rewbury J, Ryding A, Sattar N, Sharp A, Shaw P, Simpson H, Smith W, Squire I, Storey R, Teenan M, Thomas H, Townend J, Trevelyan J, Wakeling J, Walukiewicz P, Wilkinson S, Zaman A, Acevedo L, Benton J, Abbate A, Aboufakher R, Acampora M, Acampora D, Aceto L, Acevedo B, Acheatel R, Adams M, Adams A, Ahmad I, Ahmed SH, Aish B, Akyea-Djamson A, Al Joundi T, Alcide P, Alfieri A, Alfonso T, Alfrey A, Allen J, Alllison DC, Almaliky T, Amos A, Angiolillo D, Antolick A, Ara M, Aragorn L, Arevalo S, Armas E, Arthur A, Asafu-Adjaye N, Ashcom T, Ashford M, Aslam A, Ather N, Atieh M, Aull L, Ayala M, Azizad M, Backer T, Baehl S, Bailey S, Bair S, Baker C, Ballmajo M, Pieretti HB, Baquero A, Barnett S, Baron S, Bartkowiak A, Bashir K, Beall K, Beauregard LA, Sarah S, Beckett L, Belejchak P, Bendelow T, Bender D, Benjamin S, Berdoff R, Berger V, Bergeron P, Berk M, Bernstein M, Binns Y, Bitzer V, Blahey M, Bloch S, Bluemel J, Boffetti P, Boley K, Bonner J, Boudreaux R, Boulanger K, Bradley A, Bramlet D, Bredlau C, Briggs S, Brousalis L, Brown S, Brown C, Buchannan C, Burke W, Burley T, Burton C, Burtt D, Byars W, Caballero-Valiente B, Carr K, Halliwell TC, Castillo J, Cei L, Cerda L, Chambers J, Chamblee T, Chattin W, Chee L, Chen YC, Cherlin R, Cheung D, Chiodi L, Christensen L, Christenson S, Cislowski D, Clavier-Firmin C, Colfer H, Colvin T, Cosgrove N, Covert C, Cox B, Cox R, Craig W, Crandall L, Crepps K, Cromer M, Cruz H, Cruz H, Cruz M, Cucher F, Damron M, Dave K, Dave B, Davis M, Davis B, Dawkins-Hughes S, Dean J, Debnam S, Defosse C, Dehning M, Dela Llana A, Dellorso M, Denham D, Desalle D, Dettmer M, Dhawan M, Diago M, Dicken T, Diederich C, Diederich M, Diehl R, Digangi D, Diller P, Dimattia M, Dodds G, Doggett J, Donahue K, Doughty L, Dragutksy B, Dreese M, Dunhurst F, Dunn D, Dutka C, Earl J, Eaton C, Eaves W, Ebeling K, Eder F, Edgerton L, Edillo C, Edwards J, Edwards T, Einhorn D, El Hafi S, Ellis M, Erickson B, Ervin W, Eskridge L, Fail P, Falcon D, Fang C, Fattal P, Fawson A, Felix L, Ferdinand K, Fien E, Fintel D, Firek C, Fitz-Patrick D, Flores E, Flores E, Flores H, Floro T, Forker A, Foster M, Foucauld J, Lehman KF, Fox B, Francoeur L, Frandsen B, Frandsen B, Frivold G, Fruchter G, Fullerton D, Gabriel J, Gacioch G, Garas S, Garcia N, Garcia Rinaldi R, Garcia-Fragoso V, Garcia-Portela M, Gelb R, George F, Ghali J, Gilbert J, Gilley J, Glancy R, Goff R, Goldberg N, Gonzales D, Gonzales V, Gonzalez E, Gorges R, Gould R, Grabeau R, Grable M, Graham JA, Graif J, Green E, Greener R, Greenway F, Grieshaber V, Griffin S, Gros C, Gudipati RVC, Guillinta P, Gupta V, Gutmann J, Gwyn M, El Hachem M, Hage F, Hageman T, Haidar A, Hakas J, Haldis T, Hall L, Hall C, Hall S, Halpern S, Hamud-Socoro A, Hardee L, Harrell W, Harrington A, Hartwell J, Hasan F, Hattler B, Haught H, Haynes E, Haywood A, Heaney L, Hecht J, Hernandez I, Herzog W, Hess E, Hill H, Hilton T, Hinderaker P, Hodnett P, Hoffman M, Hogan C, Holmes Z, Rees DH, Hotchkiss D, Huang P, Humbert J, Hutchens E, Iachini K, Ibarra M, Igbokidi O, Ilahi T, Imbrognio M, Ipp E, Iteld B, Jacques G, Jafri A, Jafry B, Jardula M, Jefferson D, Jenkins R, Johnson E, Johnson J, Jones S, Kawahara M, Kelehan S, Kelly R, Kendall T, Kereiakes D, Khan M, Khan S, Kick J, Kimmel M, King T, King A, Kirkland S, Kissel S, Kitchens D, Klein P, Klugherz B, Korban E, Koren M, Korte M, Kostis J, Kotek L, Kozak M, Kreutter F, Kusnick B, Labovitz R, Lail J, Lamance J, Lamas G, Lambert J, Lambert C, Landzberg J, Langdon J, Lavoie W, Ledger G, Lee T, Lee K, Lehman R, Leimbach W, Lennard M, Lepor N, Lester F, Levin P, Levinson L, Lewis D, Lillo J, Link L, Long C, Longaker R, Lorch G, Lucksinger G, Lynd S, Rhudy JM, Madder R, Magness K, Maheshwari A, Alan A, Malek M, Maletz L, Malhotra V, Malhotra S, Mandviwala M, Mani CK, Manuel J, Marchelletta N, Marshall L, Marsters M, Martin L, Martinez E, Mavromatis K, Maynard R, Mays M, Mays B, Mbulaiteye A, Mcalister R, Mccoy C, Mccrary D Jr, Mccullough-O'Brien H, Mcdonald M, Mcgill J, Mcgrew F, Mckenzie C, Mclaurin B, Mclellan BA, Mcneil D, Mcneill R, Mehrle A, Melbie K, Melliza T, Messina T, Meyer R, Michel K, Mikdadi G, Miller C, Miller R, Miller A, Miller G, Miller W, Mitchell J, Moats DJR, Mody F, Moffat J, Molk B, Molter D, Monroe T, Montero H, Montgomery R, Mookherjee D, Moran J, Moriarty P, Morrison J, Morton D, Moshayedi P, Mosley J, Moustafa M, Munshi K, Murray A, Mustafa J, Nadar V, Naidu R, Nalley J, Navy S, Neil L, Neutel JM, Niblack P, Nicely V, Nicolai M, Nijmeh G, Nikas A, Nikyar A, Nixon S, Norman L, Noto G, Nour K, Nugent A, Ocman B, Odegard A, Olsen S, Ortiz-Carrasquillo R, Ossino N, Paez H, Palchick B, Paliwal Y, Pannell R, Parfait V, Partridge J, Patel B, Patel R, Patel M, Patel S, Paysor C, Pena A, Pereira S, Perez M, Perez A, Perkins H, Perry B, Peters P, Phillippi C, Phillips A, Phillips A, Piacente R, Pintado M, Pish R, Pitt W, Poling T, Pomposini D, Poock J, Potts J, Poudrier R, Prior J, Pritchard C, Purighalla R, Quddusi K, Quinones J, Quinton D, Radin M, Radojcsics B, Rajput B, Rama B, Ramos M, Rauch R, Raynes K, Reber AM, Reddy J, Reeves M, Reilly K, Renaud K, Resnick H, Reyes R, Richardson M, Riethof M, Riser J, Rodero M, Rodriguez Araya E, Roper L, Rozeman P, Ruder D, Runquist L, Sack G, Saint-Jacques H, Salfity M, Sall N, Sam K, Samal A, Sanchez D, Santiago J Jr, Savignano C, Saylor R, Scheffel M, Schifferdecker B, Schindler E, Schneider P, Schneider R, Schnitzler R, Schrager B, Schwartz A, Scott R, Seals A, Shah AV, Shah A, Shatsky K, Shayani S, Shealy N, Sheets L, Shelley J, Shepard P, Shetty S, Silver K, Simon M, Singh K, Singh N, Sizemore BC, Skatrud L, Slayton C, Slimak V, Sloane G, Smallwood B, Smith P, Smith M, Smith T, Smith G, Smith B, Smith W, Smith M, Smith J, Smith J, Soca Y, Sofley C, Sopko K, Sosa-Padilla M, Sotolongo R, Sprinkle B, Srivastava S, Starzec M, Steinhoff J, Stelly L, Stinson J, Stoddard M, Stoltz S, Stone B, Stover T, Strain J, Strugatsky S, Stys T, Suleman A, Sullivan P, Tamez W, Tandon N, Teltser M, Terry PS, Terry K, Tessmar C, Thekkoott D, Thomas D, Thomas DM, Thompson E, Thompson J, Thornton A, Tjaden T, Tobias C, Topper J, Tran A, Treasure C, Trenkamp P, Trevino M, Tsou L, Tuholske C, Uy W, Vahtel M, Vaid B, Valenzuela M, Vance A, Vandam J, Vanhecke T, Vanness WC III, Vargas R, Vaz S, Vazquez Tanus J, Veerina K, Vega J, Vento A, Vijay N, Voelker F, Vogt E, Vold D, Vora K, Wade RD, Wadell C, Waksman R, Walker K, Walker K, Wallace K, Warren M, Washam M, Watson B, Webel R, Wells T, West M, Whitaker J, White J, White C, White A, White A, Wilhoit G, Wilkins M, Willingham K, Wilson S, Wilson V, Wise J, Woodall S, Woods A, Wright J, Wu J, Xu ZJ, Yarows S, Young A, Younis L, Zarate J, Zebrack J, Zhang W, Zieve F, Zineldine A, Ridker, P. M., Everett, B. M., Thuren, T., Macfadyen, J. G., Chang, W. H., Ballantyne, C., FONSECA E PIRES, CARLOS EDUARDO, Nicolau, J., Koenig, W., Anker, S. D., Kastelein, J. J. P., Cornel, J. H., Pais, P., Pella, D., Genest, J., Cifkova, R., Lorenzatti, A., Forster, T., Kobalava, Z., Vida-Simiti, L., Flather, M., Shimokawa, H., Ogawa, H., Dellborg, M., Rossi, P. R. F., Troquay, R. P. T., Libby, P., Glynn R., J, CANTOS Trial, Group, Perrone, Filardi, P, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, and ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, c-reactive protein, Randomized controlled trial, law, Cardiovascular Disease, middle aged, double-blind method, antibodies, Myocardial infarction, humans, Stroke, interleukin-1beta, biology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, drug, General Medicine, Lipid, Aged, anti-inflammatory agents, monoclonal, humanized, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, dose-response relationship, female, incidence, infections, lipids, male, myocardial infarction, neutropenia, secondary prevention, stroke, Anti-Inflammatory Agent, aged, Editorial, Atherosclerosi, Monoclonal, Human, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Neutropenia, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Infections, Placebo, antibodies, monoclonal, dose-response relationship, drug, infection, medicine (all), 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Antiinflammatory Therapy, Canakinumab, for Atherosclerotic Disease, C-reactive protein, medicine.disease, Surgery, Canakinumab, 030104 developmental biology, biology.protein, business
Abstract

Background: Experimental and clinical data suggest that reducing inflammation without affecting lipid levels may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Yet, the inflammatory hypothesis of atherothrombosis has remained unproved. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of canakinumab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-1β, involving 10,061 patients with previous myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level of 2 mg or more per liter. The trial compared three doses of canakinumab (50 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg, administered subcutaneously every 3 months) with placebo. The primary efficacy end point was nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death. RESULTS: At 48 months, the median reduction from baseline in the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was 26 percentage points greater in the group that received the 50-mg dose of canakinumab, 37 percentage points greater in the 150-mg group, and 41 percentage points greater in the 300-mg group than in the placebo group. Canakinumab did not reduce lipid levels from baseline. At a median follow-up of 3.7 years, the incidence rate for the primary end point was 4.50 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group, 4.11 events per 100 person-years in the 50-mg group, 3.86 events per 100 person-years in the 150-mg group, and 3.90 events per 100 person-years in the 300-mg group. The hazard ratios as compared with placebo were as follows: in the 50-mg group, 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.07; P = 0.30); in the 150-mg group, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.74 to 0.98; P = 0.021); and in the 300-mg group, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.99; P = 0.031). The 150-mg dose, but not the other doses, met the prespecified multiplicity-adjusted threshold for statistical significance for the primary end point and the secondary end point that additionally included hospitalization for unstable angina that led to urgent revascularization (hazard ratio vs. placebo, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.95; P = 0.005). Canakinumab was associated with a higher incidence of fatal infection than was placebo. There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio for all canakinumab doses vs. placebo, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.06; P = 0.31). Conclusions: Antiinflammatory therapy targeting the interleukin-1β innate immunity pathway with canakinumab at a dose of 150 mg every 3 months led to a significantly lower rate of recurrent cardiovascular events than placebo, independent of lipid-level lowering. (Funded by Novartis; CANTOS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01327846.)

Published
2017

7. Reducing the polyp burden in serrated polyposis by serial colonoscopy: the impact of nationally coordinated community surveillance

Author

Parry, S, Burt, RW, Win, AK, Aung, YK, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Clendenning, M, Buchanan, DD, Price, TJ, Rosty, C, Young, JP, Parry, S, Burt, RW, Win, AK, Aung, YK, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Clendenning, M, Buchanan, DD, Price, TJ, Rosty, C, and Young, JP

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and an evolving management approach. The aims of this study were to assess the polyp burden reduction over time, and the incidence of CRC in serrated polyposis patients undergoing community surveillance. METHODS: This is an observational study based on prospectively collected data. A total of 96 SPS patients with no personal history of CRC were prospectively enrolled in a surveillance program under the guidance of a tertiary center. Patients underwent surveillance colonoscopy in multiple centres across New Zealand. RESULTS: Patients underwent a median of four colonoscopies with a median interval of 15 months over a median follow-up period of 4.8 years. Five of 96 patients (5%) were referred for surgery, and the remaining 91 were managed by colonoscopy alone. In patients referred for surgery, 92% of the surveillance intervals to the fourth colonoscopy had been ≤12 months compared to 33% (P<0.001) in the colonoscopy only group, and all five (100%) had ≥20 pancolonic polyps after four procedures compared with only 5/91 (5%) in those managed by colonoscopy alone. In patients successfully managed by colonoscopy, 86% had <10 pancolonic polyps, >75% no longer had polyps ≥10mm and >90% no longer had proximal serrated polyps ≥10mm after the fourth colonoscopy. No patients were found to develop CRC during the study time period. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with SPS were managed by proactive surveillance colonoscopy in wider hospital settings under tertiary centre guidance, with only 5% requiring surgical management. No CRC was diagnosed in any patient during surveillance.

Published
2017

8. Monitoring Redox Behaviour of Actinide Ions by a Combination of Emission and NMR Spectroscopy

Author

Natrajan, L. S., Woodall, S. D., Swinburne, A. N., Randall, S., Banik, N., Adam, C., Di Pietro, P., Kaden, P., and Kerridge, A.

Subjects
uranium, spectroscopy, uranyl, redox, actinide, U(VI), emission, NMR, U(IV)
Abstract

Europe currently holds a substantial nuclear legacy arising from fission activities, with a large proportion of high activity wastes that pose a radiological threat to natural and engineered environments. The decision to dispose of these high level wastes (following separation) in a suitable geological disposal facility (GDF) has provided some of the most demanding technical, and environmental challenges facing the EU in the coming century. In order to address these issues, we have begun a programme of work to establish a comprehensive understanding of the electronic properties and physical and chemical properties of the radioactive actinide metals using state of the art emission spectroscopic techniques in combination with NMR and computational methods.[1,2] Our approach to this is to firstly use coordination chemistry to synthesise uranium compounds with ligands that model environmentally complexed species and use optical spectroscopy to understand and map both the chemical and physical behaviour of these species (Figure 1). We have recently established that U(IV) complexes are emissive and will demonstrate that uranium in the +IV and +VI oxidation states can be detected simultaneously at relatively low concentrations. Time gating techniques enable the long lived uranyl(VI) species to be separated from the shorter lived uranium(IV) species. Furthermore, the form of the emission spectra of uranyl(VI) compounds are extremely sensitive to the nature of the ligand bound in the equatorial plane and the complex nuclearity (extent of aggregation), potentially giving a sensitive method of assessing the solution forms of uranium in environmental conditions. We will next discuss how the optical properties of these model compounds can be extended to the trans-uranics and applied to disproportionation reactions and redox events in solution. Financial support for this research was provided by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and The Leverhulme Trust. The authors thank the European Commission Euratom FP7 funded project (no. 269923) EURACT-NMR for support. 1. L.S. Natrajan, Coord. Chem. Rev., 2012, 256, 1583; Coord. Chem. Rev., 2014, 266–267, 171. 2. S.D. Woodall, A.N. Swinburne, N. lal Banik, A. Kerridge, P. Di Pietro, C. Adam, P. Kaden and L.S. Natrajan, Chem. Commun., 2015, 51, 5402.

Published
2015

9. Understanding and advancing the coordination and redox chemistry of the actinides

Author

Woodall, S., Natrajan, L., Kaden, P., and Kerridge, A.

Subjects
neptunyl, Neptunium, spectroscopy, x-ray, uranyl, TPIP, Single-crystal, Uranium, emmission, theory, NMR
Abstract

Sean Woodall, Louise Natrajan, Peter Kaden and Andrew Kerridge highlight recent advances in the chemistry of actinide elements that have been made possible through the collaborative efforts of industry and academia

Published
2015

10. Germline Mutations in the Polyposis-Associated Genes BMPR1A, SMAD4, PTEN, MUTYH and GREM1 Are Not Common in Individuals with Serrated Polyposis Syndrome

Author

Toland, AE, Clendenning, M, Young, JP, Walsh, MD, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Jenkins, M, Win, AK, Hopper, JL, Sweet, K, Gallinger, S, Rosty, C, Parry, S, Buchanan, DD, Toland, AE, Clendenning, M, Young, JP, Walsh, MD, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Jenkins, M, Win, AK, Hopper, JL, Sweet, K, Gallinger, S, Rosty, C, Parry, S, and Buchanan, DD

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recent reports have observed that individuals with serrated polyps, some of whom meet the clinical diagnostic criteria for Serrated Polyposis Syndrome (SPS), are among those who carry germline mutations in genes associated with polyposis syndromes including; (1) genes known to underlie hamartomatous polyposes (SMAD4, BMPR1A, and PTEN), (2) MUTYH-associated polyposis and (3) GREM1 in Hereditary Mixed Polyposis Syndrome (HMPS). The aim of this study was to characterise individuals fulfilling the current WHO criteria for SPS for germline mutations in these polyposis-associated genes. METHODS: A total of 65 individuals with SPS (fulfilling WHO criteria 1 or 3), were recruited to the Genetics of Serrated Neoplasia study between 2000 and 2012, through multiple Genetics or Family Cancer Clinics within Australia, or from the New Zealand Familial Gastrointestinal Cancer Service. Individuals with SPS were tested for coding mutations and large deletions in the PTEN, SMAD4, and BMPR1A genes, for the MUTYH variants in exons 7 (Y179C) and 13 (G396D), and for the duplication upstream of GREM1. RESULTS: We found no variants that were likely to be deleterious germline mutations in the SPS cases in the PTEN, SMAD4, and BMPR1A genes. A novel variant in intron 2 (c.164+223T>C) of PTEN was identified in one individual and was predicted by in silico analysis to have no functional consequences. One further individual with SPS was found to be mono-allelic for the MUTYH G396D mutation. No individuals carried the recently reported duplication within GREM1. CONCLUSIONS: Genes involved in the gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyposis, Hereditary Mixed Polyposis Syndrome and MUTYH-associated polyposis syndromes are not commonly altered in individuals with SPS.

Published
2013

11. Cancer Risks for Relatives of Patients With Serrated Polyposis

Author

Win, AK, Walters, RJ, Buchanan, DD, Jenkins, MA, Sweet, K, Frankel, WL, de la Chapelle, A, McKeone, DM, Walsh, MD, Clendenning, M, Pearson, S-A, Pavluk, E, Nagler, B, Hopper, JL, Gattas, MR, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, KD, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Tucker, K, Field, M, Greening, S, Gallinger, S, Aronson, M, Perrier, R, Woods, MO, Green, JS, Walker, N, Rosty, C, Parry, S, Young, JP, Win, AK, Walters, RJ, Buchanan, DD, Jenkins, MA, Sweet, K, Frankel, WL, de la Chapelle, A, McKeone, DM, Walsh, MD, Clendenning, M, Pearson, S-A, Pavluk, E, Nagler, B, Hopper, JL, Gattas, MR, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, KD, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Tucker, K, Field, M, Greening, S, Gallinger, S, Aronson, M, Perrier, R, Woods, MO, Green, JS, Walker, N, Rosty, C, Parry, S, and Young, JP

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Serrated polyposis (hyperplastic polyposis) is characterized by multiple polyps with serrated architecture in the colorectum. Although patients with serrated polyposis are known to be at increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and possibly extracolonic cancers, cancer risk for their relatives has not been widely explored. The aim of this study was to estimate the risks of CRC and extracolonic cancers for relatives of patients with serrated polyposis. METHODS: A cohort of the 1,639 first- and second-degree relatives of 100 index patients with serrated polyposis recruited regardless of a family history of polyps or cancer from genetic clinics in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the USA, were retrospectively analyzed to estimate the country-, age-, and sex-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for relatives compared with the general population. RESULTS: A total of 102 CRCs were observed in first- and second-relatives (SIR 2.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.75-2.93; P<0.001), with 54 in first-degree relatives (SIR 5.16, 95% CI 3.70-7.30; P<0.001) and 48 in second-degree relatives (SIR 1.38, 95% CI 1.01-1.91; P=0.04). Six pancreatic cancers were observed in first-degree relatives (SIR 3.64, 95% CI 1.70-9.21; P=0.003). There was no statistical evidence of increased risk for cancer of the stomach, brain, breast, or prostate. CONCLUSIONS: Our finding that relatives of serrated polyposis patients are at significantly increased risk of colorectal and pancreatic cancer adds to the accumulating evidence that serrated polyposis has an inherited component.

Published
2012

12. Phenotype and Polyp Landscape in Serrated Polyposis Syndrome: A Series of 100 Patients From Genetics Clinics

Author

Rosty, C, Buchanan, DD, Walsh, MD, Pearson, S-A, Pavluk, E, Walters, RJ, Clendenning, M, Spring, KJ, Jenkins, MA, Win, AK, Hopper, JL, Sweet, K, Frankel, WL, Aronson, M, Gallinger, S, Goldblatt, J, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Walker, NI, Jass, JR, Parry, S, Young, JP, Rosty, C, Buchanan, DD, Walsh, MD, Pearson, S-A, Pavluk, E, Walters, RJ, Clendenning, M, Spring, KJ, Jenkins, MA, Win, AK, Hopper, JL, Sweet, K, Frankel, WL, Aronson, M, Gallinger, S, Goldblatt, J, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Walker, NI, Jass, JR, Parry, S, and Young, JP

Abstract

Serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS), also known as hyperplastic polyposis, is a syndrome of unknown genetic basis defined by the occurrence of multiple serrated polyps in the large intestine and associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). There are a variety of SPS presentations, which may encompass a continuum of phenotypes modified by environmental and genetic factors. To explore the phenotype of SPS, we recorded the histologic and molecular characteristics of multiple colorectal polyps in patients with SPS recruited between 2000 and 2010 from genetics clinics in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States. Three specialist gastrointestinal pathologists reviewed the polyps, which they classified into conventional adenomas or serrated polyps, with various subtypes, according to the current World Health Organization criteria. Mutations in BRAF and KRAS and mismatch repair protein expression were determined in a subset of polyps. A total of 100 patients were selected for the study, of whom 58 were female and 42 were male. The total polyp count per patient ranged from 6 to 150 (median 30). The vast majority of patients (89%) had polyposis affecting the entire large intestine. From this cohort, 406 polyps were reviewed. Most of the polyps (83%) were serrated polyps: microvesicular hyperplastic polyps (HP) (n=156), goblet cell HP (n=25), sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (SSA/P) (n=110), SSA/P with cytologic dysplasia (n=28), and traditional serrated adenomas (n=18). A further 69 polyps were conventional adenomas. BRAF mutation was mainly detected in SSA/P with dysplasia (95%), SSA/P (85%), microvesicular HP (76%), and traditional serrated adenoma (54%), whereas KRAS mutation was present mainly in goblet cell HP (50%) and in tubulovillous adenoma (45%). Four of 6 SSA/Ps with high-grade dysplasia showed loss of MLH1/PMS2 expression. CRC was diagnosed in 39 patients who were more often found to have a conventional adenoma compared with patients wit

Published
2012

13. Linkage to chromosome 2q32.2-q33.3 in familial serrated neoplasia (Jass syndrome)

Author

Roberts, A, Nancarrow, D, Clendenning, M, Buchanan, DD, Jenkins, MA, Duggan, D, Taverna, D, McKeone, D, Walters, R, Walsh, MD, Young, BW, Jass, JR, Rosty, C, Gattas, M, Pelzer, E, Hopper, JL, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, K, Parry, S, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Tucker, K, Muir, A, Drini, M, Macrae, F, Newcomb, P, Potter, JD, Pavluk, E, Lindblom, A, Young, JP, Roberts, A, Nancarrow, D, Clendenning, M, Buchanan, DD, Jenkins, MA, Duggan, D, Taverna, D, McKeone, D, Walters, R, Walsh, MD, Young, BW, Jass, JR, Rosty, C, Gattas, M, Pelzer, E, Hopper, JL, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, K, Parry, S, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Tucker, K, Muir, A, Drini, M, Macrae, F, Newcomb, P, Potter, JD, Pavluk, E, Lindblom, A, and Young, JP

Abstract

Causative genetic variants have to date been identified for only a small proportion of familial colorectal cancer (CRC). While conditions such as Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and Lynch syndrome have well defined genetic causes, the search for variants underlying the remainder of familial CRC is plagued by genetic heterogeneity. The recent identification of families with a heritable predisposition to malignancies arising through the serrated pathway (familial serrated neoplasia or Jass syndrome) provides an opportunity to study a subset of familial CRC in which heterogeneity may be greatly reduced. A genome-wide linkage screen was performed on a large family displaying a dominantly-inherited predisposition to serrated neoplasia genotyped using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Mapping 10 K SNP Array. Parametric and nonparametric analyses were performed and resulting regions of interest, as well as previously reported CRC susceptibility loci at 3q22, 7q31 and 9q22, were followed up by finemapping in 10 serrated neoplasia families. Genome-wide linkage analysis revealed regions of interest at 2p25.2-p25.1, 2q24.3-q37.1 and 8p21.2-q12.1. Finemapping linkage and haplotype analyses identified 2q32.2-q33.3 as the region most likely to harbour linkage, with heterogeneity logarithm of the odds (HLOD) 2.09 and nonparametric linkage (NPL) score 2.36 (P = 0.004). Five primary candidate genes (CFLAR, CASP10, CASP8, FZD7 and BMPR2) were sequenced and no segregating variants identified. There was no evidence of linkage to previously reported loci on chromosomes 3, 7 and 9.

Published
2011

14. Phenotypic diversity in patients with multiple serrated polyps: a genetics clinic study (vol 25, pg 703, 2010)

Author

Buchanan, DD, Sweet, K, Drini, M, Jenkins, MA, Win, AK, Gattas, M, Walsh, MD, Clendenning, M, McKeone, D, Walters, R, Roberts, A, Young, A, Hampel, H, Hopper, JL, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, K, Young, GP, Chow, E, Parry, S, Woodall, S, Tucker, K, Muir, A, Field, M, Greening, S, Gallinger, S, Green, J, Woods, MO, Spaetgens, R, de la Chapelle, A, Macrae, F, Walker, NI, Jass, JR, Young, JP, Buchanan, DD, Sweet, K, Drini, M, Jenkins, MA, Win, AK, Gattas, M, Walsh, MD, Clendenning, M, McKeone, D, Walters, R, Roberts, A, Young, A, Hampel, H, Hopper, JL, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, K, Young, GP, Chow, E, Parry, S, Woodall, S, Tucker, K, Muir, A, Field, M, Greening, S, Gallinger, S, Green, J, Woods, MO, Spaetgens, R, de la Chapelle, A, Macrae, F, Walker, NI, Jass, JR, and Young, JP

Published
2010

15. Phenotypic diversity in patients with multiple serrated polyps: a genetics clinic study

Author

Buchanan, DD, Sweet, K, Drini, M, Jenkins, MA, Win, AK, Gattas, M, Walsh, MD, Clendenning, M, McKeone, D, Walters, R, Roberts, A, Young, A, Hampel, H, Hopper, JL, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, K, Young, GP, Chow, E, Parry, S, Woodall, S, Tucker, K, Muir, A, Field, M, Greening, S, Gallinger, S, Green, J, Woods, MO, Spaetgens, R, de la Chapelle, A, Macrae, F, Walker, NI, Jass, JR, Young, JP, Buchanan, DD, Sweet, K, Drini, M, Jenkins, MA, Win, AK, Gattas, M, Walsh, MD, Clendenning, M, McKeone, D, Walters, R, Roberts, A, Young, A, Hampel, H, Hopper, JL, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, K, Young, GP, Chow, E, Parry, S, Woodall, S, Tucker, K, Muir, A, Field, M, Greening, S, Gallinger, S, Green, J, Woods, MO, Spaetgens, R, de la Chapelle, A, Macrae, F, Walker, NI, Jass, JR, and Young, JP

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Hyperplastic polyposis is a colonic polyposis condition of unknown aetiology. The purpose of this study was to examine the spectrum of phenotypic variation in patients with multiple serrated polyps as a basis for gene discovery. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-six patients with multiple (> or = 5) serrated polyps were recruited to the study. Polyp counts were extracted from histology and colonoscopy reports. Ethnicity was self-reported. Family history of cancer data were derived from pedigrees. Ascertainment status was classified as either index case or identified by screening. RESULTS: The average reported polyp count was 39. Patients with highest polyp numbers were more likely to be male (P = 0.02). Colorectal cancer (CRC) was identified in 49 of 119 patients (41%) and 28% of these patients had multiple CRC. Young onset patients had higher polyp numbers (P = 0.03) and were more likely to have their CRC in the distal colon (P = 0.02). CRC was significantly associated with the presence of adenomas (P = 0.03). Patients were divided into moderate polyposis (5-79 serrated polyps) and dense polyposis (80 or more) categories. The dense polyposis category was associated with a lack of family history for CRC (P = 0.034) and male gender (P = 0.014), independent of ascertainment status and recruitment site. CONCLUSION: Multiple serrated polyps were associated with an increased personal risk of CRC. A subset of patients with the highest polyp numbers was more likely to be male and to have no family history of CRC. This result suggests heterogeneous modes of inheritance and has implications for studies investigating the genetic basis of multiple serrated polyps.

Published
2010

16. Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer in Patients with Multiple Serrated Polyps: A Cross-Sectional Case Series from Genetics Clinics

Author

Aziz, SA, Buchanan, DD, Sweet, K, Drini, M, Jenkins, MA, Win, AK, English, DR, Walsh, MD, Clendenning, M, McKeone, DM, Walters, RJ, Roberts, A, Pearson, S-A, Pavluk, E, Hopper, JL, Gattas, MR, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, KD, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Tucker, K, Muir, A, Field, M, Greening, S, Gallinger, S, Perrier, R, Baron, JA, Potter, JD, Haile, R, Frankel, W, de la Chapelle, A, Macrae, F, Rosty, C, Walker, NI, Parry, S, Young, JP, Aziz, SA, Buchanan, DD, Sweet, K, Drini, M, Jenkins, MA, Win, AK, English, DR, Walsh, MD, Clendenning, M, McKeone, DM, Walters, RJ, Roberts, A, Pearson, S-A, Pavluk, E, Hopper, JL, Gattas, MR, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, KD, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Tucker, K, Muir, A, Field, M, Greening, S, Gallinger, S, Perrier, R, Baron, JA, Potter, JD, Haile, R, Frankel, W, de la Chapelle, A, Macrae, F, Rosty, C, Walker, NI, Parry, S, and Young, JP

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients with multiple serrated polyps are at an increased risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent reports have linked cigarette smoking with the subset of CRC that develops from serrated polyps. The aim of this work therefore was to investigate the association between smoking and the risk of CRC in high-risk genetics clinic patients presenting with multiple serrated polyps. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We identified 151 Caucasian individuals with multiple serrated polyps including at least 5 outside the rectum, and classified patients into non-smokers, current or former smokers at the time of initial diagnosis of polyposis. Cases were individuals with multiple serrated polyps who presented with CRC. Controls were individuals with multiple serrated polyps and no CRC. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate associations between smoking and CRC with adjustment for age at first presentation, sex and co-existing traditional adenomas, a feature that has been consistently linked with CRC risk in patients with multiple serrated polyps. CRC was present in 56 (37%) individuals at presentation. Patients with at least one adenoma were 4 times more likely to present with CRC compared with patients without adenomas (OR = 4.09; 95%CI 1.27 to 13.14; P = 0.02). For females, the odds of CRC decreased by 90% in current smokers as compared to never smokers (OR = 0.10; 95%CI 0.02 to 0.47; P = 0.004) after adjusting for age and adenomas. For males, there was no relationship between current smoking and CRC. There was no statistical evidence of an association between former smoking and CRC for both sexes. CONCLUSION: A decreased odds for CRC was identified in females with multiple serrated polyps who currently smoke, independent of age and the presence of a traditional adenoma. Investigations into the biological basis for these observations could lead to non-smoking-related therapies being developed to decrease the risk of CRC and colectomy in these pat

Published
2010

17. Risk factors for colorectal cancer in patients with multiple serrated polyps: A cross-sectional case series from genetics clinics

Author

Buchanan, DD, Sweet, K, Drini, M, Jenkins, MA, Win, AK, English, DR, Walsh, MD, Clendenning, M, McKeone, DM, Walters, RJ, Roberts, A, Pearson, SA, Pavluk, E, Hopper, JL, Gattas, MR, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, KD, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Tucker, K, Muir, A, Field, M, Greening, S, Gallinger, S, Perrier, R, Baron, JA, Potter, JD, Haile, R, Franke, W, de la Chapelle, A, Macrae, F, Rosty, C, Walker, NI, Parry, S, Young, JP, Buchanan, DD, Sweet, K, Drini, M, Jenkins, MA, Win, AK, English, DR, Walsh, MD, Clendenning, M, McKeone, DM, Walters, RJ, Roberts, A, Pearson, SA, Pavluk, E, Hopper, JL, Gattas, MR, Goldblatt, J, George, J, Suthers, GK, Phillips, KD, Woodall, S, Arnold, J, Tucker, K, Muir, A, Field, M, Greening, S, Gallinger, S, Perrier, R, Baron, JA, Potter, JD, Haile, R, Franke, W, de la Chapelle, A, Macrae, F, Rosty, C, Walker, NI, Parry, S, and Young, JP

Abstract

Background: Patients with multiple serrated polyps are at an increased risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent reports have linked cigarette smoking with the subset of CRC that develops from serrated polyps. The aim of this work therefore was to investigate the association between smoking and the risk of CRC in high-risk genetics clinic patients presenting with multiple serrated polyps. Methods and Findings: We identified 151 Caucasian individuals with multiple serrated polyps including at least 5 outside the rectum, and classified patients into non-smokers, current or former smokers at the time of initial diagnosis of polyposis. Cases were individuals with multiple serrated polyps who presented with CRC. Controls were individuals with multiple serrated polyps and no CRC. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate associations between smoking and CRC with adjustment for age at first presentation, sex and co-existing traditional adenomas, a feature that has been consistently linked with CRC risk in patients with multiple serrated polyps. CRC was present in 56 (37%) individuals at presentation. Patients with at least one adenoma were 4 times more likely to present with CRC compared with patients without adenomas (OR = 4.09; 95%CI 1.27 to 13.14; P = 0.02). For females, the odds of CRC decreased by 90% in current smokers as compared to never smokers (OR = 0.10; 95%CI 0.02 to 0.47; P =0.004) after adjusting for age and adenomas. For males, there was no relationship between current smoking and CRC. There was no statistical evidence of an association between former smoking and CRC for both sexes. Conclusion: A decreased odds for CRC was identified in females with multiple serrated polyps who currently smoke, independent of age and the presence of a traditional adenoma. Investigations into the biological basis for these observations could lead to non-smoking-related therapies being developed to decrease the risk of CRC and colectomy in these pati

Published
2010

18. Safety forces

Author

Wehmeier, W., Woodall, S. Joseph, and Pat

Subjects
Business, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Metals, metalworking and machinery industries
Abstract

I really appreciated your editorial ('How Public Safety Forces Hose the Public,' June 16). I, too, have observed the overreaction apparent when minor fender-benders tie up traffic. A recent instance [...]

Published
2005

23. Conceptual frameworks. Childhood trauma and psychosis: the genie is out of the bottle.

Author

Hammersley P, Read J, Woodall S, and Dillon J

Abstract

After one hundred years of denial and ignorance, it was finally accepted 20 years ago that sexual, physical, and emotional abuse of children, along with neglect, was a genuine and common phenomenon with potentially devastating long term consequences for the mental health of the survivors. Until recently, there has been one exception to this rule. Sufferers of psychotic experiences were excluded. Their distress was caused predominantly by genetics or biology, or so they were told. Recent research has shown this to be a fallacy. Some of the recent studies even suggest that psychosis is the diagnostic category most likely to have experienced severe childhood trauma. This paper summarizes the historical context and offers a précis of the most important recent research findings. In keeping with the ethos of this journal we offer a case study to illustrate the effectiveness of psychotherapy for trauma survivors with psychosis. We end with an appeal to collaborate with the users movement to take this agenda forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007

24. The small life insurance company deduction.

Author

Brannon, Gerard M. and Woodall, S. Roy

Subjects
Tax deductions -- Laws, regulations and rules, Insurance -- Taxation, Small business -- Taxation, Life insurance -- Taxation
Published
1986

26. Finite Vibrations of a Free Rotating Anisotropic Membrane.

Author

Nowinski, J. L. and Woodall, S. R.

Abstract

Using the von Kármán field equations extended to the dynamical and anisotropic case, large amplitude vibrations of a spinning, cylindrically orthotropic membrane are analyzed. The membrane is assumed to be free, and its deflection is represented by a simple monomial. Free nonlinear vibrations manifest the familiar decrease of period of vibrations with an increase of amplitude and show a marked dependence on the degree of anisotropy. A vibration mode associated with two nodal diameters is studied in more detail. The dependence of a representative stress on the degree of anisotropy, as well as on the amplitude of vibrations and velocity of rotation, is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1964
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27. Review: Demographic Research and Spatial Policy: The Dutch Experience, Spatial Divisions of Labour: Social Structures and the Geography of Production, the Atlas of British Politics, the Economics of Nuclear Energy, the Metropolitan Problem, Policies and Politics in Western Europe: The Impact of the Recession, Defense Planning in Less-Industrialized States, Planning to Care: Social Policy and the Quality of Life, Capital and Labour in the Urbanised World, the Political Economy of Coal, Political Parties in Western Democracies, a Question of Life: The Warnock Report on Human Fertilization and Embryology, Public Expenditure and Government Growth, Regionalisation in France, Italy and Spain, Gastarbeiter: Leben in Zwei Gesellschaften

Author

Rees, P, Bennett, R J, Taylor, P J, Steinberg, R, Hall, P, Hudson, R, Woodall, S R, Knox, P, Massey, D, Chapman, K, Urwin, D W, Grubb, A, Shelley, F M, Williams, A, and O'Loughlin, J

Published
1986
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28. Review: Deregulation and Environmental Quality: The Use of Tax Policy to Control Pollution in North America and Western Europe, Annals of Public Administration 4. Intergovernmental Relations in the 1980s, inside the Inner City: Life under the Cutting Edge, Interregional Migration, National Policy, and Social Justice, Managing the Post-Industrial City, Communism and the Politics of Inequalities, the Evolution of the Law of the Sea: A Study of Resources and Strategy with Special Regard to the Polar Areas, Economics of Development, Industrial Capacity and Defense Planning: Sustained Conflict and Surge Capacity in the 1980s, Fiscal Federalism and the Taxation of Natural Resources, Full Employment and Public Policy: The United States and Sweden, Industrial Mobility and Migration in the European Community, Does Politics Matter? The Determinants of Public Policy

Author

Oates, W E, Dommel, P R, Lawless, P, Clark, W A V, Hall, P, White, S, Armstrong, T E, Richards, P, Woodall, S R, O'Riordan, T, Martin, R, Thompson, C, and Smith, D J

Published
1984
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30. Chronic Maternal Undernutrition in the Rat Leads to Delayed Postnatal Growth and Elevated Blood Pressure of Offspring

Author

Woodall, S M, Johnston, B M, Breier, B H, and Gluckman, P D

Abstract

To determine the effects of chronic maternal undernutrition on postnatal somatic growth and blood pressure, pregnant dams were randomly assigned to one of two dietary treatment groups. A control group was fed ad libitum throughout pregnancy and a restricted group was fed 30% of ad libitum intake. From birth, feeding was ad libitum in both groups, and litter size was adjusted to eight pups per litter. Litter size was not significantly altered by the reduced maternal intake. Offspring of the restricted fed group were significantly smaller than offspring from the ad libitum fed group from birth until 12 wk of age, but by 30 wk had similar body weights. Blood pressure was measured by tail cuff plethysmography. Offspring from the restricted fed group were found to have significantly (p < 0.05) elevated systolic blood pressure (5-8 mm Hg) at 30, 48, and 56 wk of age. These data demonstrate that nutritional deprivation in the pregnant rat leads to changes in postnatal allometric growth patterns, to delayed catch-up growth, and to elevated blood pressure in adulthood. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that poor maternal nutrition in pregnancy may irreversibly alter programming of the development of cardiovascular homeostasis.

Published
1996
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33. Antiinflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease

Author

Ridker P.M., Everett B.M., Thuren T., MacFadyen J.G., Chang W.H., Ballantyne C., Fonseca F., Nicolau J., Koenig W., Anker S.D., Kastelein J.J.P., Cornel J.H., Pais P., Pella D., Genest J., Cifkova R., Lorenzatti A., Forster T., Kobalava Z., Vida-Simiti L., Flather M., Shimokawa H., Ogawa H., Dellborg M., Rossi P.R.F., Troquay R.P.T., Libby P., Glynn R.J., Krum H., Varigos J., Siostrzonek P., Sinnaeve P., Gotcheva N., Yong H., Urina-Triana M., Milicic D., Vettus R., Manolis A.J., Wyss F., Sigurdsson A., Fucili A., Veze I., Petrauskiene B., Salvador L., Klemsdal T.O., Medina F., Budaj A., Otasevic P., Lainscak M., Seung K.B., Commerford P., Donath M., Hwang J.J., Kultursay H., Bilazarian S., East C., Forgosh L., Harris B., Ligueros M., Bohula E., Charmarthi B., Cheng S., Chou S., Danik J., McMahon G., Maron B., Ning M., Olenchock B., Pande R., Perlstein T., Pradhan A., Rost N., Singhal A., Taqueti V., Wei N., Burris H., Cioffi A., Dalseg A.M., Ghosh N., Gralow J., Mayer T., Rugo H., Fowler V., Limaye A.P., Cosgrove S., Levine D., Lopes R., Scott J., Hilkert R., Tamesby G., Mickel C., Manning B., Woelcke J., Tan M., Manfreda S., Ponce T., Kam J., Saini R., Banker K., Salko T., Nandy P., Tawfik R., O’Neil G., Manne S., Jirvankar P., Lal S., Nema D., Jose J., Collins R., Bailey K., Blumenthal R., Colhoun H., Gersh B., Abreu M., Actis M.V., Aiub J., Aiub F., Albisu J., Alvarisqueta A., Avalos V., Barreto M., Berli M.A., Blumberg C., Bocanera M., Botta C., Bowen L., Budassi N., Buhlman S., Westberg J.C., Carabajal T., Caruso G., Casala J., Cendali G., Coloma G., Berra F.C., Cuneo C., Degennaro N., Dellasa M., Diaz M., Dos Santos P., Espinosa V., Facello A., Facello M., Farias E., Fernandez A.A., Ferrari V., Pacora F.F., Flores G.S., Franco M., Gabito A., Viola H.G., Garcia F., Garcia Duran R., Garcia Pinna J., Glenny J., Godoy Sanchez M., Grosse A., Guzman P., Hasbani E., Hominal M., Ibañez J., Jure H., Jure D., Vico M.L., Liniado G., Luciardi H., Luquez H., Maehara 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F., Cools F., De Knijf K., De Wolf L., Delforge M., Deweerdt N., Gits F., Goffinet C., Hermans K., Hollanders G., Mestdagh I., Pirenne B., Servaes V., Simons N., Tahon S., Theunissen E., Van Genechten G., Vervoort G., Vissers C., Vranckx P., Vrolix M., Abib E.Jr., Abrantes J., Araujo Fonseca M., Barbosa E., Barroso W., Barroso A., Bodanese L., Botelho R., Costa Amorim R., Da Costa F., Da Silva A., Da Silva O.Jr., Da Silva D.Jr., Ferreira Dos Santos T., Dos Santos F., Dos Santos A., Duda N., Feitosa G., Felario Junior GA., Ferraz R., Filho P., Fonseca A., Wanderley F.F., Freitas E., Fucci F., Marengo Garcia De Carvalho L., Hernandez M., Hettwer Magedanz E., Julião K., Kormann A., Lameira A., Lima F., Lino E., Maia L., Manenti E., Marchi A.L., Fischer S.M., Michalaros Y., Moraes J.Jr., Moreira L., Pagnan M., Pesce F., Pinheiro L., Rassi S., Reis G., Reis H., Resende I., Roel A., Ruschel K., Saporito W., Saraiva J.F., Seroqui M., Silva R., Unterkircher B., Vicente C., Vieira N., Xavier 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Luz Serrano H., Sotomayor A., Urina M., Vesga B., Yupanqui H., Akrap B., Busic N., Ciglenecki N., Cmrecnjak J., Fucak E., Gabor M., Jeric M., Jutrisa N., Kordic K., Planinc I., Popovic Z., Radeljic V., Sesto I., Sutalo K., Tusek S., Belohlavek J., Budkova J., Busak L., Capova L., Cech V., Cermak O., Coufalova Z., Cyprian R., Dedek V., Dedkova S., Ferkl R., Hanak P., Hanustiakova A., Homza M., Horackova K., Houra M., Iveta H., Kaiserova L., Kala P., Karel I., Kellnerova I., Koleckar P., Kreckova M., Krupicka J., Lorenc Z., Machova V., Malik J., Masarikova L., Matyasek I., Mikus M., Mikusova T., Ondrasik J., Otava M., Palubova L., Pavlickova L., Peterka M., Petrova I., Pokorna B., Povolny P., Radvan M., Reznakova S., Rickova Z., Roszkowska P., Rotreklova M., Samkova D., Skalicka H., Slechticka A., Sternthal P., Telekes P., Tesak M., Vesely P., Vesely J., Vins P., Vitovec M., Vodnansky P., Zidova M., Keba E., Laane E., Pool T., Randvee L., Ratnik E., Reimand M., Reinmets S., Rivis L., Siemann M., Stern M., Toom M., Vahula V., Apel T., Axthelm C., Ayasse D., Ayasse M., Baar M., Baeumer A., Bagi E.S., Becker B., Binder A., Blankenberg S., Braun P., Johansen B.B., Contzen C., Delfonso F., Denecke C., Dengler T., Donaubauer T., Eichinger G., Englmann E., Erhard M., Faghih M., Foerster A., Frankenstein L., Fuchs R., Furch G., Gaeb-Strasas B., Germann H., Giese C., Goette A., Gravenhorst-Muenter U., Haege R., Haenel T., Hagemann D., Hagenow A., Hanefeld M., Heider J., Heisters J., Hennig D., Hielscher S., Himpel-Boenninghoff A., Holscher A., Hornig M., Jeserich M., Kaczmarek N., Kanitz S., Kara Y.D., Khariouzov A., Kiefer R., Kiroglu K., Klamm M., Klein C., Korth-Wiemann B., Krapivsky A., Kuenzler J., Kuntzsch A., Landers B., Lappo M., Laube S., Leggewie S., Lehmann D., Lepp H., Lierse T., Lindner C., Luecke-Uzar M., Luedemann J., Marschke T., Maruzzo S., Mauersberger K., Maus O., Meinrich M., Meissner A., Moehring B., Muehlhaus J., Mueller S., Muenter K.C., Muenzel T., 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Desai D., Devasia T., Dhanak R., Dobariya H., Dudhatra N., Duhan S., Fulwani M., Ghondale N., Ghosh S., Gohel P., Govindaraj D., Goyal B., Goyal S., Gundala A.K., Gupta M., Hardas S., Iby M., Jagtap P., Jain A., Joshi U., Karpuram M., Kaur H., Khan A., Khan R., Kodem D.R., Koeitti P., Kulkarni L., Kullal P., Kumar K.S., Kumbla M., Latheef K., Lohkare M., Santosh M.J., Makhe B., Mandati M., Mehta A., Minocha G., Mittal A., Modi R., Mohan K., Oomman A., Pai R., Pai V., Palaniswami N., Pansheriya A., Parekh N., Patel J., Patel R., Patole T., Praveen M., Radhakrishnan V., Rajan B A., Rajasekhar D., Rao M., Rao M.B., Rao N.M., Rathnavel S., Rathore A., Rathore SRS., Rawat S., Reddy N.C., Sarma R., Sathe S., Shah J., Shaikh P., Sharma K., Sharma S., Sharma T., Shetty P., Sidhu G., Singh V., Sohi G.S., Srinath V.S., Raju S.S., Taran A., Thakkar B., Velusamy K., Vijan V., Vora V., Vuriya A.K., Agosta G.F., Antonicelli R., Ardissino D., Argiolas G., Baldin M.G., Benedetti G., Berti S., Bevilacqua M.T., Bolognesi M.G., Dessalvi C.C., Calabrese A., Campanale E.G., Candusso R., Caso P., Cosmi F., Crea F., Crocamo A., De Caterina R., De Rosa S., Destro M., Di Biase M., Dognini G.P., Eleuteri E., Fedele F., Ferrario M., Gabrielli D., Gamba C., Ganau A., Gravellone M., Iannopollo G., Indolfi C., Infusino F., Invitti C., Landolfi A., Lembo G., Liberato N.L., Mannucci E., Marino P., Mariottoni B., Marziali A., Mercuro G., Monti L., Mos L., Mureddu V., Musumeci M.B., Novo S., Panzarino C., Parente A., Perotti M., Filardi P.P., Petrillo C., Piatti P., Priori S., Racca V., Ragghianti B., Renda G., Righini V., Sarcone M., Senni M., Soro E., Tamburrini P., Vallone L., Villani G.Q., Volpe M., Ajioka M., Akai Y., Ashino K., Baden M., Doi M., Eki Y., Endo T., Fukuike C., Hagiwara Y., Hasegawa K., Higuchi Y., Higuchi T., Hioki M., Hirayama A., Hiroma J., Hosokawa S., Ichisawa M., Iijima T., Inada T., Inagaki M., Ito K., Kaigawa K., Kajihara S., Kamiya H., Kamiya J., Kaneno Y., Katahira K., Kataoka M., Kawai M., Kawasaki T., Kojima E., Komura Y., Kuramochi T., Kuruma T., Kyo E., Mani H., Miyamoto T., Morii I., Morinaga Y., Morisawa T., Nagai Y., Naka T., Nakamura Y., Nakamura S., Nakayoshi K., Nishibe A., Ogawa M., Okada Y., Okawa M., Sakamoto Y., Sakurada M., Sasaki S., Seki S., Shimomura H., Shinozaki T., Sugimoto N., Suzuki A., Taguchi S., Takahashi J., Takase S., Tanabe K., Tanaka A., Tani S., Tomioka J., Tsuboi H., Tsuji M., Tsujita K., Tsujiyama S., Umesu A., Yamada T., Yamaguchi E., Yamamoto H., Yamamoto T., Yamane M., Yanase T., Yasuoka S., Yasutake M., Yokoyama M., Yoshida M., Yoshimoto E., Yunoki C., Balode A., Dormidontova G., Flaksa I., Nagele-Luse I., Rancane G., Sime I., Bartuseviciene S., Cepinskiene L., Dobilas V., Grigaraviciene I., Marcinkeviciene J., Mazutavicius R., Miliuniene R., Motiejuniene R., Norkiene S., Norkute-Macijauske U., Rudys A., Slapikas R., Stonkute K., Strazdiene D., Tijuneliene E., Urbonas G., Vanagiene S., Viezelis M., 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Bulashova O., Burova N., Churina S., Demidova M., Dorogova I., Dovgalevskiy Y., Dovgolis S., Dudarev M., Fitilev S., Gapon L., Gazizianova V., Gordeev I., Ivanov I., Izmozherova N., Kazanskay E., Khirmanov V., Khromtsova O., Konradi A., Kosmacheva E., Kozlova S., Kulibaba E., Kuzin A., Libov I., Lipchenko A., Lozhkina N., Malchikova S., Morozov E., Myslyaeva L., Onuchina E., Palatkina T., Panov A., Parmon E., Petelina T., Repin A., Reznik I., Sazonova E., Sergienko T., Shaposhnik I., Shapovalova Y., Shustov S., Shvarts Y., Skopets I., Skuratova M., Smolenskaya O., Solovev O., Trofimov V., Vasiliev M., Vezikova N., Vozzhaev A., Yakushin S., Zadionchenko V., Apostolovic S., Adjic N.C., Ilic I., Ilic S., Nikolic L., Pupic L., Stokuca-Korac N., Antalik L., Bugan V., Csala L., Dokupilova A., Dzupina A., Forgon T., Fulop P., Gonsorcik J., Gyorgyova E., Holoubek D., Horvat P., Kamensky G., Kolikova V., Krupciakova B., Lenner E., Lennerova J., Lukac J., Majercak I., Mancikova I., Micko K., Nociar J., Pales J., Palka J.Jr., Poliacik P., Ruffini L., Sabo L., Skubova K., Slanina M., Smik R., Srdos V., Stitova M., Stofkova D., Strbova J., Such S., Toth P., Urgeova L., Vinanska D., Zareczky P., Flezar M., Kovacic D., Marcun R., Zagozen P., Bolsmann C., Conradie C., Dawood S.Y., Decsi K.L., Ebrahim I., Henley L., Horak A., Kapp I., Komati S., Lock E., Maboyi S., Makotoko E., Manga P., Page A., Ramdas S., Ranjith N., Roos J., Talliard C., Ajax K., Al-Khalili F., Assarsson E., Bergholtz T., Blom K.B., Boman K., Boström P.A., Curiac D., Jensen E.D., Dahlen G., Davidsson K., Duckert A., Hansson A., Härstedt N., Henriksson A., Olsson G.H., Johansson K., Jonsson J.E., Knutsson A., Lindholm C.J., Lönnberg I., Lundqvist M., Mellberg L., Moodh J., Mooe T., Olofsson M., Risenfors M., Rönndahl M., Sundelin R., Suorra I., Torgersruud M., Torstensson I., Chen C.P., Chen Z.C., Chen M.H., Cheng S.M., Cheng J.J., Fang C.Y., Ho C.J., Hsieh I.C., Huang P.H., Huang A., Kuo J.Y., Lai W.T., Lee 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W., Caballero-Valiente B., Carr K., Halliwell T.C., Castillo J., Cei L., Cerda L., Chambers J., Chamblee T., Chattin W., Chee L., Chen Y.C., Cherlin R., Cheung D., Chiodi L., Christensen L., Christenson S., Cislowski D., Clavier-Firmin C., Colfer H., Colvin T., Cosgrove N., Covert C., Cox B., Cox R., Craig W., Crandall L., Crepps K., Cromer M., Cruz H., Cruz M., Cucher F., Damron M., Dave K., Dave B., Davis M., Davis B., Dawkins-Hughes S., Dean J., Debnam S., Defosse C., Dehning M., Dela Llana A., Dellorso M., Denham D., Desalle D., Dettmer M., Dhawan M., Diago M., Dicken T., Diederich C., Diederich M., Diehl R., Digangi D., Diller P., Dimattia M., Dodds G., Doggett J., Donahue K., Doughty L., Dragutksy B., Dreese M., Dunhurst F., Dunn D., Dutka C., Earl J., Eaton C., Eaves W., Ebeling K., Eder F., Edgerton L., Edillo C., Edwards J., Edwards T., Einhorn D., El Hafi S., Ellis M., Erickson B., Ervin W., Eskridge L., Fail P., Falcon D., Fang C., Fattal P., Fawson A., Felix L., Ferdinand 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D.H., Hotchkiss D., Huang P., Humbert J., Hutchens E., Iachini K., Ibarra M., Igbokidi O., Ilahi T., Imbrognio M., Ipp E., Iteld B., Jacques G., Jafri A., Jafry B., Jardula M., Jefferson D., Jenkins R., Johnson E., Johnson J., Jones S., Kawahara M., Kelehan S., Kelly R., Kendall T., Kereiakes D., Khan M., Khan S., Kick J., Kimmel M., King T., King A., Kirkland S., Kissel S., Kitchens D., Klein P., Klugherz B., Korban E., Koren M., Korte M., Kostis J., Kotek L., Kozak M., Kreutter F., Kusnick B., Labovitz R., Lail J., Lamance J., Lamas G., Lambert J., Lambert C., Landzberg J., Langdon J., Lavoie W., Ledger G., Lee T., Lehman R., Leimbach W., Lennard M., Lepor N., Lester F., Levin P., Levinson L., Lewis D., Lillo J., Link L., Long C., Longaker R., Lorch G., Lucksinger G., Lynd S., Rhudy J.M., Madder R., Magness K., Maheshwari A., Alan A., Malek M., Maletz L., Malhotra V., Malhotra S., Mandviwala M., Mani C.K., Manuel J., Marchelletta N., Marshall L., Marsters M., Martin L., Martinez E., Mavromatis K., Maynard R., Mays M., Mays B., Mbulaiteye A., Mcalister R., Mccoy C., Mccrary D.Jr., Mccullough-O'Brien H., Mcdonald M., Mcgill J., Mcgrew F., Mckenzie C., Mclaurin B., Mclellan B.A., Mcneil D., Mcneill R., Mehrle A., Melbie K., Melliza T., Messina T., Meyer R., Michel K., Mikdadi G., Miller C., Miller R., Miller A., Miller G., Miller W., Mitchell J., Moats DJR., Mody F., Moffat J., Molk B., Molter D., Monroe T., Montero H., Montgomery R., Mookherjee D., Moran J., Moriarty P., Morrison J., Morton D., Moshayedi P., Mosley J., Moustafa M., Munshi K., Murray A., Mustafa J., Nadar V., Naidu R., Nalley J., Navy S., Neil L., Neutel J.M., Niblack P., Nicely V., Nicolai M., Nijmeh G., Nikas A., Nikyar A., Nixon S., Norman L., Noto G., Nour K., Nugent A., Ocman B., Odegard A., Olsen S., Ortiz-Carrasquillo R., Ossino N., Paez H., Palchick B., Paliwal Y., Pannell R., Parfait V., Partridge J., Patel B., Patel M., Patel S., Paysor C., Pena A., Pereira S., Perez M., Perez A., Perkins H., Perry B., Peters P., Phillippi C., Phillips A., Piacente R., Pintado M., Pish R., Pitt W., Poling T., Pomposini D., Poock J., Potts J., Poudrier R., Prior J., Pritchard C., Purighalla R., Quddusi K., Quinones J., Quinton D., Radin M., Radojcsics B., Rajput B., Rama B., Ramos M., Rauch R., Raynes K., Reber A.M., Reddy J., Reeves M., Reilly K., Renaud K., Resnick H., Reyes R., Richardson M., Riethof M., Riser J., Rodero M., Rodriguez Araya E., Roper L., Rozeman P., Ruder D., Runquist L., Sack G., Saint-Jacques H., Salfity M., Sall N., Sam K., Samal A., Sanchez D., Santiago J.Jr., Savignano C., Saylor R., Scheffel M., Schifferdecker B., Schindler E., Schneider P., Schneider R., Schnitzler R., Schrager B., Schwartz A., Scott R., Seals A., Shah A.V., Shah A., Shatsky K., Shayani S., Shealy N., Sheets L., Shelley J., Shepard P., Shetty S., Silver K., Simon M., Singh K., Singh N., Sizemore B.C., Skatrud L., Slayton C., Slimak V., Sloane G., Smallwood B., Smith P., Smith M., Smith T., Smith G., Smith B., Smith J., Soca Y., Sofley C., Sopko K., Sosa-Padilla M., Sotolongo R., Sprinkle B., Srivastava S., Starzec M., Steinhoff J., Stelly L., Stinson J., Stoddard M., Stoltz S., Stone B., Stover T., Strain J., Strugatsky S., Stys T., Suleman A., Sullivan P., Tamez W., Tandon N., Teltser M., Terry P.S., Terry K., Tessmar C., Thekkoott D., Thomas D., Thomas D.M., Thompson E., Thompson J., Thornton A., Tjaden T., Tobias C., Topper J., Tran A., Treasure C., Trenkamp P., Trevino M., Tsou L., Tuholske C., Uy W., Vahtel M., Vaid B., Valenzuela M., Vance A., Vandam J., Vanhecke T., Vanness WC III., Vargas R., Vaz S., Vazquez Tanus J., Veerina K., Vega J., Vento A., Vijay N., Voelker F., Vogt E., Vold D., Vora K., Wade R.D., Wadell C., Waksman R., Walker K., Wallace K., Warren M., Washam M., Watson B., Webel R., Wells T., West M., Whitaker J., White J., White C., White A., Wilhoit G., Wilkins M., Willingham K., Wilson S., Wilson V., Wise J., Woodall S., Woods A., Wright J., Xu 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Taqueti V., Wei N., Burris H., Cioffi A., Dalseg A.M., Ghosh N., Gralow J., Mayer T., Rugo H., Fowler V., Limaye A.P., Cosgrove S., Levine D., Lopes R., Scott J., Hilkert R., Tamesby G., Mickel C., Manning B., Woelcke J., Tan M., Manfreda S., Ponce T., Kam J., Saini R., Banker K., Salko T., Nandy P., Tawfik R., O’Neil G., Manne S., Jirvankar P., Lal S., Nema D., Jose J., Collins R., Bailey K., Blumenthal R., Colhoun H., Gersh B., Abreu M., Actis M.V., Aiub J., Aiub F., Albisu J., Alvarisqueta A., Avalos V., Barreto M., Berli M.A., Blumberg C., Bocanera M., Botta C., Bowen L., Budassi N., Buhlman S., Westberg J.C., Carabajal T., Caruso G., Casala J., Cendali G., Coloma G., Berra F.C., Cuneo C., Degennaro N., Dellasa M., Diaz M., Dos Santos P., Espinosa V., Facello A., Facello M., Farias E., Fernandez A.A., Ferrari V., Pacora F.F., Flores G.S., Franco M., Gabito A., Viola H.G., Garcia F., Garcia Duran R., Garcia Pinna J., Glenny J., Godoy Sanchez M., Grosse A., Guzman P., Hasbani E., Hominal M., Ibañez J., Jure H., Jure D., Vico M.L., Liniado G., Luciardi H., Luquez H., Maehara G., Maffei L., Majul C., Mallagray M., Marinaro S., Martinez J., Massaccesi R., De Los Milagros Had M., Azize G.M., Montana O., Montenegro E., Morell Y., Muntaner J., Navarrete S., Olmedo M., Paganini M., Paz S., Perez Manghi F., Piskorz D., Polato C., Recoaro R., Romano A., Salinger M., Sanchez A., Saravia M.A., Sarjanovich R., Scaro G., Schiavi L.B., Soler J., Tinnirello V., Tomassi A., Valle M., Vallejo M.A., Venturini C., Marcela Wenetz L.M., Yossen M., Zaidman C., Zalazar L., Zangroniz P., Amerena J., Brady L., Colquhoun D., Eccleston D., Ferreira-Jardim A., French J., Jayasinghe R., Mcintosh C., Ord M., Plotz M., Purnell P., Roberts-Thomson P., Schultz C., Shanahan T., Tan R., Taverner P., Turner F., Vibert J., Vorster M., William M., Youssef G., Bergler-Klein J., Brath H., Brodmann M., Fliesser-Goerzer E., Haider K., Heeren G., Hiden C., Mandic L., Paulweber B., Ploechl A., Prenner A., Steringer-Mascherbauer R., Strohner-Kaestenbauer H., Barbato E., Bouvy C., Briké C., Charlier F., Cools F., De Knijf K., De Wolf L., Delforge M., Deweerdt N., Gits F., Goffinet C., Hermans K., Hollanders G., Mestdagh I., Pirenne B., Servaes V., Simons N., Tahon S., Theunissen E., Van Genechten G., Vervoort G., Vissers C., Vranckx P., Vrolix M., Abib E.Jr., Abrantes J., Araujo Fonseca M., Barbosa E., Barroso W., Barroso A., Bodanese L., Botelho R., Costa Amorim R., Da Costa F., Da Silva A., Da Silva O.Jr., Da Silva D.Jr., Ferreira Dos Santos T., Dos Santos F., Dos Santos A., Duda N., Feitosa G., Felario Junior GA., Ferraz R., Filho P., Fonseca A., Wanderley F.F., Freitas E., Fucci F., Marengo Garcia De Carvalho L., Hernandez M., Hettwer Magedanz E., Julião K., Kormann A., Lameira A., Lima F., Lino E., Maia L., Manenti E., Marchi A.L., Fischer S.M., Michalaros Y., Moraes J.Jr., Moreira L., Pagnan M., Pesce F., Pinheiro L., Rassi S., Reis G., Reis H., Resende I., Roel A., Ruschel K., Saporito W., Saraiva J.F., Seroqui M., Silva R., Unterkircher B., Vicente C., Vieira N., Xavier J.P., Zucchetti C., Angelova I., Dimitrov G., Genova D., Gospodinov K., Goudev A., Grigorova V., Hristova K., Makedonska J.J., Katova T., Kostov K., Lazov P., Manov E., Manukov I., Manukov D., Milanova M., Kabakchieva V.M., Petrov D., Petrusheva T., Pramatarova I., Raev D., Runev N., Sirakova-Taseva A., Tisheva-Gospodinova S., Todorova A., Tzekova M., Yakovova S., Yanev T., Abulencia K., Arora S., Baker A., Bata I.R., Beaudry M., Belle Isle J., Bilodeau N., Boivin M.C., Bolduc H., Bourgeois S., Brons S., Cantor W., Chaussé I., Chhabra A., Chouinard G., Cleveland T., Dattani D., Deslongchamps F., Diodati J., Drouin K., Duchesne L., Fontaine S., D'Amours D.G., Gervais B., Gosselin G., Graham J., Grover A., Gupta A., Haldane H., Hartleib M., Hickey L., Huynh T., Johnston J., Julien V.E., Lachance P., Lake J., Lamontagne C., Lauzon C., Lepage S., Maheux K., Manyari D., Martin E., McPherson C., Mehta S., Michaud N., Kouz S.M., Murphy G., OKeefe D., Otis R., Ouimet F., Pandey S., Peck C., Perkins L., Richert L., Robbins K., Robinson S., Cabau J.R., Ross B., Roy C., Roy M., Roy A., Rupka D., Affaki G.S., Saunders K., Savard D., Soucy D., St Amour E., Thiessen S., Vertes G., Vezina M., Vincelli G., Weisnagel S.J., Zadra R., Chen J., Chen Y., Dong X., Feng Y., Feng Z., Fu G., Han B., Hao Y., He Y., He Z., Hong T., Jia Z., Jiang T., Jiang J., Jiang X., Ke Y., Li Y., Li Z., Li W., Li X., Liu P., Liu Y., Liu B., Liu S., Liu L., Lu Z., Lv Y., Ma C., Ma G., Peng L., Qing L., Ren L., Sang X., Song M., Sun Z., Wang J., Wang Y., Wei J., Wu W., Wu J., Xu H., Yan J., Yang P., Yang K., Yao Z., Yaoqing H., Yuan Z., Zhai Z., Zhang J., Zhang Y., Zhao R., Zhou H., Accini Mendoza JL., Aparicio C.V., Castillo T., Chaverra I., Conrado Y., Coronel J., Cotes C., Cuentas I., Cuervo A., Dussan M.A., Echeverria L., Hernandez E., Ibarra J., Isaza D., Jimenez D., Lopez P., Manzur F., Mejia I., Mendoza Y., Molina D.I., Patino J.M., Rodriguez D., Rodriguez L.M., Rodriguez S.M., Sanchez Vallejo G., Luz Serrano H., Sotomayor A., Urina M., Vesga B., Yupanqui H., Akrap B., Busic N., Ciglenecki N., Cmrecnjak J., Fucak E., Gabor M., Jeric M., Jutrisa N., Kordic K., Planinc I., Popovic Z., Radeljic V., Sesto I., Sutalo K., Tusek S., Belohlavek J., Budkova J., Busak L., Capova L., Cech V., Cermak O., Coufalova Z., Cyprian R., Dedek V., Dedkova S., Ferkl R., Hanak P., Hanustiakova A., Homza M., Horackova K., Houra M., Iveta H., Kaiserova L., Kala P., Karel I., Kellnerova I., Koleckar P., Kreckova M., Krupicka J., Lorenc Z., Machova V., Malik J., Masarikova L., Matyasek I., Mikus M., Mikusova T., Ondrasik J., Otava M., Palubova L., Pavlickova L., Peterka M., Petrova I., Pokorna B., Povolny P., Radvan M., Reznakova S., Rickova Z., Roszkowska P., Rotreklova M., Samkova D., Skalicka H., Slechticka A., Sternthal P., Telekes P., Tesak M., Vesely P., Vesely J., Vins P., Vitovec M., Vodnansky P., Zidova M., Keba E., Laane E., Pool T., Randvee L., Ratnik E., Reimand M., Reinmets S., Rivis L., Siemann M., Stern M., Toom M., Vahula V., Apel T., Axthelm C., Ayasse D., Ayasse M., Baar M., Baeumer A., Bagi E.S., Becker B., Binder A., Blankenberg S., Braun P., Johansen B.B., Contzen C., Delfonso F., Denecke C., Dengler T., Donaubauer T., Eichinger G., Englmann E., Erhard M., Faghih M., Foerster A., Frankenstein L., Fuchs R., Furch G., Gaeb-Strasas B., Germann H., Giese C., Goette A., Gravenhorst-Muenter U., Haege R., Haenel T., Hagemann D., Hagenow A., Hanefeld M., Heider J., Heisters J., Hennig D., Hielscher S., Himpel-Boenninghoff A., Holscher A., Hornig M., Jeserich M., Kaczmarek N., Kanitz S., Kara Y.D., Khariouzov A., Kiefer R., Kiroglu K., Klamm M., Klein C., Korth-Wiemann B., Krapivsky A., Kuenzler J., Kuntzsch A., Landers B., Lappo M., Laube S., Leggewie S., Lehmann D., Lepp H., Lierse T., Lindner C., Luecke-Uzar M., Luedemann J., Marschke T., Maruzzo S., Mauersberger K., Maus O., Meinrich M., Meissner A., Moehring B., Muehlhaus J., Mueller S., Muenter K.C., Muenzel T., Naumann R., Nebel J., Neumann J., Nuding S., Overhoff U., Papke B., Pencz I., Peter Y., Peukert A.M., Radde I., Rau T., Regner S., Reichenbach D., Reimer D., Rinke A., Roettges R., Romanski A., Rummel R., Samer H., Sanuri M., Sarnighausen H.E., Schäfer B., Scheibner T., Schermaul K.H., Schindler A., Schlundt C., Schmidt E., Schmidt K., Schnabel A., Schoen N., Schorn K., Schroeder T., Schulenburg D., Schulz M., Schulze U., Schulze J., Schumacher M., Schwerin G., Schwerin M., Stadelmeier S., Stahl H.D., Stahl A., Stockhausen J., Stockhausen G., Stoessel J., Stolze K., Stratmann M., Szymanowski N., Teschner A.B., Teske A., Uecker C., Veit S., Voeller H., Walter I., Walter J., Walther I., Weber H.G., Weimer J., Wichterich K., Wiebusch A., Willmerdinger M., Willner C., Winkelmann B., Winkler J., Wistuba T., Woehrle J., Wohnlich T., Wolf S., Woyczak D., Wrage P., Zirlik A., Anadiotis A., Chachalis 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Raghu C., Chauhan D., Chauhan H., Chavada J., Chaware G., Chella S., Chintala P., Dash D., Desai D., Devasia T., Dhanak R., Dobariya H., Dudhatra N., Duhan S., Fulwani M., Ghondale N., Ghosh S., Gohel P., Govindaraj D., Goyal B., Goyal S., Gundala A.K., Gupta M., Hardas S., Iby M., Jagtap P., Jain A., Joshi U., Karpuram M., Kaur H., Khan A., Khan R., Kodem D.R., Koeitti P., Kulkarni L., Kullal P., Kumar K.S., Kumbla M., Latheef K., Lohkare M., Santosh M.J., Makhe B., Mandati M., Mehta A., Minocha G., Mittal A., Modi R., Mohan K., Oomman A., Pai R., Pai V., Palaniswami N., Pansheriya A., Parekh N., Patel J., Patel R., Patole T., Praveen M., Radhakrishnan V., Rajan B A., Rajasekhar D., Rao M., Rao M.B., Rao N.M., Rathnavel S., Rathore A., Rathore SRS., Rawat S., Reddy N.C., Sarma R., Sathe S., Shah J., Shaikh P., Sharma K., Sharma S., Sharma T., Shetty P., Sidhu G., Singh V., Sohi G.S., Srinath V.S., Raju S.S., Taran A., Thakkar B., Velusamy K., Vijan V., Vora V., Vuriya A.K., Agosta G.F., Antonicelli R., Ardissino D., Argiolas G., Baldin M.G., Benedetti G., Berti S., Bevilacqua M.T., Bolognesi M.G., Dessalvi C.C., Calabrese A., Campanale E.G., Candusso R., Caso P., Cosmi F., Crea F., Crocamo A., De Caterina R., De Rosa S., Destro M., Di Biase M., Dognini G.P., Eleuteri E., Fedele F., Ferrario M., Gabrielli D., Gamba C., Ganau A., Gravellone M., Iannopollo G., Indolfi C., Infusino F., Invitti C., Landolfi A., Lembo G., Liberato N.L., Mannucci E., Marino P., Mariottoni B., Marziali A., Mercuro G., Monti L., Mos L., Mureddu V., Musumeci M.B., Novo S., Panzarino C., Parente A., Perotti M., Filardi P.P., Petrillo C., Piatti P., Priori S., Racca V., Ragghianti B., Renda G., Righini V., Sarcone M., Senni M., Soro E., Tamburrini P., Vallone L., Villani G.Q., Volpe M., Ajioka M., Akai Y., Ashino K., Baden M., Doi M., Eki Y., Endo T., Fukuike C., Hagiwara Y., Hasegawa K., Higuchi Y., Higuchi T., Hioki M., Hirayama A., Hiroma J., Hosokawa S., Ichisawa M., Iijima T., Inada T., Inagaki M., Ito K., Kaigawa K., Kajihara S., Kamiya H., Kamiya J., Kaneno Y., Katahira K., Kataoka M., Kawai M., Kawasaki T., Kojima E., Komura Y., Kuramochi T., Kuruma T., Kyo E., Mani H., Miyamoto T., Morii I., Morinaga Y., Morisawa T., Nagai Y., Naka T., Nakamura Y., Nakamura S., Nakayoshi K., Nishibe A., Ogawa M., Okada Y., Okawa M., Sakamoto Y., Sakurada M., Sasaki S., Seki S., Shimomura H., Shinozaki T., Sugimoto N., Suzuki A., Taguchi S., Takahashi J., Takase S., Tanabe K., Tanaka A., Tani S., Tomioka J., Tsuboi H., Tsuji M., Tsujita K., Tsujiyama S., Umesu A., Yamada T., Yamaguchi E., Yamamoto H., Yamamoto T., Yamane M., Yanase T., Yasuoka S., Yasutake M., Yokoyama M., Yoshida M., Yoshimoto E., Yunoki C., Balode A., Dormidontova G., Flaksa I., Nagele-Luse I., Rancane G., Sime I., Bartuseviciene S., Cepinskiene L., Dobilas V., Grigaraviciene I., Marcinkeviciene J., Mazutavicius R., Miliuniene R., Motiejuniene R., Norkiene S., Norkute-Macijauske U., Rudys A., Slapikas R., 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Manuel J., Marchelletta N., Marshall L., Marsters M., Martin L., Martinez E., Mavromatis K., Maynard R., Mays M., Mays B., Mbulaiteye A., Mcalister R., Mccoy C., Mccrary D.Jr., Mccullough-O'Brien H., Mcdonald M., Mcgill J., Mcgrew F., Mckenzie C., Mclaurin B., Mclellan B.A., Mcneil D., Mcneill R., Mehrle A., Melbie K., Melliza T., Messina T., Meyer R., Michel K., Mikdadi G., Miller C., Miller R., Miller A., Miller G., Miller W., Mitchell J., Moats DJR., Mody F., Moffat J., Molk B., Molter D., Monroe T., Montero H., Montgomery R., Mookherjee D., Moran J., Moriarty P., Morrison J., Morton D., Moshayedi P., Mosley J., Moustafa M., Munshi K., Murray A., Mustafa J., Nadar V., Naidu R., Nalley J., Navy S., Neil L., Neutel J.M., Niblack P., Nicely V., Nicolai M., Nijmeh G., Nikas A., Nikyar A., Nixon S., Norman L., Noto G., Nour K., Nugent A., Ocman B., Odegard A., Olsen S., Ortiz-Carrasquillo R., Ossino N., Paez H., Palchick B., Paliwal Y., Pannell R., Parfait V., Partridge J., Patel B., Patel M., Patel S., Paysor C., Pena A., Pereira S., Perez M., Perez A., Perkins H., Perry B., Peters P., Phillippi C., Phillips A., Piacente R., Pintado M., Pish R., Pitt W., Poling T., Pomposini D., Poock J., Potts J., Poudrier R., Prior J., Pritchard C., Purighalla R., Quddusi K., Quinones J., Quinton D., Radin M., Radojcsics B., Rajput B., Rama B., Ramos M., Rauch R., Raynes K., Reber A.M., Reddy J., Reeves M., Reilly K., Renaud K., Resnick H., Reyes R., Richardson M., Riethof M., Riser J., Rodero M., Rodriguez Araya E., Roper L., Rozeman P., Ruder D., Runquist L., Sack G., Saint-Jacques H., Salfity M., Sall N., Sam K., Samal A., Sanchez D., Santiago J.Jr., Savignano C., Saylor R., Scheffel M., Schifferdecker B., Schindler E., Schneider P., Schneider R., Schnitzler R., Schrager B., Schwartz A., Scott R., Seals A., Shah A.V., Shah A., Shatsky K., Shayani S., Shealy N., Sheets L., Shelley J., Shepard P., Shetty S., Silver K., Simon M., Singh K., Singh N., Sizemore B.C., Skatrud L., Slayton C., Slimak V., Sloane G., Smallwood B., Smith P., Smith M., Smith T., Smith G., Smith B., Smith J., Soca Y., Sofley C., Sopko K., Sosa-Padilla M., Sotolongo R., Sprinkle B., Srivastava S., Starzec M., Steinhoff J., Stelly L., Stinson J., Stoddard M., Stoltz S., Stone B., Stover T., Strain J., Strugatsky S., Stys T., Suleman A., Sullivan P., Tamez W., Tandon N., Teltser M., Terry P.S., Terry K., Tessmar C., Thekkoott D., Thomas D., Thomas D.M., Thompson E., Thompson J., Thornton A., Tjaden T., Tobias C., Topper J., Tran A., Treasure C., Trenkamp P., Trevino M., Tsou L., Tuholske C., Uy W., Vahtel M., Vaid B., Valenzuela M., Vance A., Vandam J., Vanhecke T., Vanness WC III., Vargas R., Vaz S., Vazquez Tanus J., Veerina K., Vega J., Vento A., Vijay N., Voelker F., Vogt E., Vold D., Vora K., Wade R.D., Wadell C., Waksman R., Walker K., Wallace K., Warren M., Washam M., Watson B., Webel R., Wells T., West M., Whitaker J., White J., White C., White A., Wilhoit G., Wilkins M., Willingham K., Wilson S., Wilson V., Wise J., Woodall S., Woods A., Wright J., Xu Z.J., Yarows S., Young A., Younis L., Zarate J., Zebrack J., Zhang W., Zieve F., and Zineldine A.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Experimental and clinical data suggest that reducing inflammation without affecting lipid levels may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Yet, the inflammatory hypothesis of atherothrombosis has remained unproved. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of canakinumab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-1β, involving 10,061 patients with previous myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level of 2 mg or more per liter. The trial compared three doses of canakinumab (50 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg, administered subcutaneously every 3 months) with placebo. The primary efficacy end point was nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death. RESULTS: At 48 months, the median reduction from baseline in the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was 26 percentage points greater in the group that received the 50-mg dose of canakinumab, 37 percentage points greater in the 150-mg group, and 41 percentage points greater in the 300-mg group than in the placebo group. Canakinumab did not reduce lipid levels from baseline. At a median follow-up of 3.7 years, the incidence rate for the primary end point was 4.50 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group, 4.11 events per 100 person-years in the 50-mg group, 3.86 events per 100 person-years in the 150-mg group, and 3.90 events per 100 person-years in the 300-mg group. The hazard ratios as compared with placebo were as follows: in the 50-mg group, 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.07; P=0.30); in the 150-mg group, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.74 to 0.98; P=0.021); and in the 300-mg group, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.99; P=0.031). The 150-mg dose, but not the other doses, met the prespecified multiplicity-adjusted threshold for statistical significance for the primary end point and the secondary end point that additionally included hospitalization for unstable angina that led to urgent revascularization (hazard ratio vs. placebo, 0.83

36. Verdun: City of crosses

Author

Woodall, Susan A.

Subjects
BATTLEFIELDS, WORLD WAR I - France
Abstract

illus

Published
1991

38. POINT & COUNTERPOINT.

Author

Wehmeier, W. and Woodall, S. Joseph

Subjects
*LETTERS to the editor, *TRAFFIC accidents, *CIVIL service, *PERIODICALS, *TRANSPORTATION accidents, *SERIAL publications
Abstract

Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues. "How Public Safety Forces Hose the Public," which talked about traffic accidents; Response to a letter about public safety workers; Question about magazine subscription renewals.

Published
2005

40. The Difference between PC-Based and Immersive Virtual Reality Food Purchase Environments on Useability, Presence, and Physiological Responses.

Author

Woodall S and Hollis JH

Abstract

Computer simulations used to study food purchasing behavior can be separated into low immersion virtual environments (LIVE), which use personal computers and standard monitors to display a scene, and high immersion virtual environments (HIVE) which use virtual reality technology such as head-mounted displays to display a scene. These methods may differ in their ability to create feelings of presence or cybersickness that would influence the usefulness of these approaches. In this present study, thirty-one adults experienced a virtual supermarket or fast-food restaurant using a LIVE system or a HIVE system. Feelings of presence and cybersickness were measured using questionnaires or physiological responses (heart rate and electrodermal activity). The participants were also asked to rate their ability to complete the set task. The results of this study indicate that participants reported a higher sense of presence in the HIVE scenes as compared to the LIVE scenes ( p < 0.05). The participant's heart rate and electrodermal activity were significantly higher in the HIVE scene treatment when compared to the LIVE scene ( p < 0.05). There was no difference in the participant's ability to complete tasks in the different scenes. In addition, feelings of cybersickness were not different between the HIVE and LIVE scenes.

Published
2024
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41. The challenges of keeping clinicians unaware of their participation in a national, cluster-randomised, implementation trial.

Author

Kuo J, Woodall S, Harding J, Crowther C, and Alsweiler J

Subjects
Ethics Committees, Female, Humans, Infant, Pregnancy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Research Design, Midwifery, Physicians
Abstract

Background: Implementation of recommendations from clinical practice guidelines is essential for evidence based clinical practice. However, the most effective methods of implementation are unclear. We conducted a national, cluster-randomised, blinded implementation trial to determine if midwife or doctor local implementation leaders are more effective in implementing a guideline for use of oral dextrose gel to treat hypoglycaemic babies on postnatal wards. To prevent any conscious or unconscious performance bias both the doctor and midwife local implementation leaders were kept unaware of the trial. This paper reports the ethical dilemmas and practical challenges of ensuring clinicians remained unaware of their involvement in an implementation trial., Methods: We sought approval from the National Health and Disability Ethics committee to keep clinicians unaware of the trial by waiving the standard requirement for locality approval usually required for each district health board. The ethics committee did not approve a waiver of consent but advised that we approach the chief executive of each district health board to ask for provisional locality approval. Ultimately it was necessary to seek ethics approval for three separate study designs to keep clinicians unaware of the trial., Results: The median (IQR) time for chief executive approval was 16 (6-40) days and for locality approval was 57 (39-84) days. We completed 21 different locality approval forms for 27 hospitals., Conclusions: Keeping clinicians unaware of their involvement in a national implementation cluster-randomised trial is feasible. However, despite a national ethics committee, significant logistical challenges were time consuming and delayed trial completion. Co-ordination of the locality approval process would help facilitate multi-centre trials., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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43. Reducing the polyp burden in serrated polyposis by serial colonoscopy: the impact of nationally coordinated community surveillance.

Author

Parry S, Burt RW, Win AK, Aung YK, Woodall S, Arnold J, Clendenning M, Buchanan DD, Price TJ, Rosty C, and Young JP

Subjects
Adult, Colonic Polyps pathology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, New Zealand epidemiology, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Colonic Polyps diagnosis, Colonic Polyps therapy, Colonoscopy methods, Colorectal Neoplasms epidemiology, Mass Screening methods
Abstract

Background: Serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and an evolving management approach. The aims of this study were to assess the polyp burden reduction over time, and the incidence of CRC in serrated polyposis patients undergoing community surveillance., Methods: This is an observational study based on prospectively collected data. A total of 96 SPS patients with no personal history of CRC were prospectively enrolled in a surveillance program under the guidance of a tertiary center. Patients underwent surveillance colonoscopy in multiple centres across New Zealand., Results: Patients underwent a median of four colonoscopies with a median interval of 15 months over a median follow-up period of 4.8 years. Five of 96 patients (5%) were referred for surgery, and the remaining 91 were managed by colonoscopy alone. In patients referred for surgery, 92% of the surveillance intervals to the fourth colonoscopy had been ≤12 months compared to 33% (P<0.001) in the colonoscopy only group, and all five (100%) had ≥20 pancolonic polyps after four procedures compared with only 5/91 (5%) in those managed by colonoscopy alone. In patients successfully managed by colonoscopy, 86% had <10 pancolonic polyps, >75% no longer had polyps ≥10mm and >90% no longer had proximal serrated polyps ≥10mm after the fourth colonoscopy. No patients were found to develop CRC during the study time period., Conclusions: Patients with SPS were managed by proactive surveillance colonoscopy in wider hospital settings under tertiary centre guidance, with only 5% requiring surgical management. No CRC was diagnosed in any patient during surveillance., Competing Interests: Dr Burt reports personal fees from Thetis Pharma outside the submitted work.

Published
2017

44. Germline Mutations in the Polyposis-Associated Genes BMPR1A, SMAD4, PTEN, MUTYH and GREM1 Are Not Common in Individuals with Serrated Polyposis Syndrome.

Author

Clendenning M, Young JP, Walsh MD, Woodall S, Arnold J, Jenkins M, Win AK, Hopper JL, Sweet K, Gallinger S, Rosty C, Parry S, and Buchanan DD

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Colorectal Neoplasms diagnosis, Exons, Female, Gene Duplication, Germ-Line Mutation, Humans, Introns, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary diagnosis, Sequence Deletion, Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I genetics, Colorectal Neoplasms genetics, DNA Glycosylases genetics, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins genetics, Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary genetics, PTEN Phosphohydrolase genetics, Smad4 Protein genetics
Abstract

Background: Recent reports have observed that individuals with serrated polyps, some of whom meet the clinical diagnostic criteria for Serrated Polyposis Syndrome (SPS), are among those who carry germline mutations in genes associated with polyposis syndromes including; (1) genes known to underlie hamartomatous polyposes (SMAD4, BMPR1A, and PTEN), (2) MUTYH-associated polyposis and (3) GREM1 in Hereditary Mixed Polyposis Syndrome (HMPS). The aim of this study was to characterise individuals fulfilling the current WHO criteria for SPS for germline mutations in these polyposis-associated genes., Methods: A total of 65 individuals with SPS (fulfilling WHO criteria 1 or 3), were recruited to the Genetics of Serrated Neoplasia study between 2000 and 2012, through multiple Genetics or Family Cancer Clinics within Australia, or from the New Zealand Familial Gastrointestinal Cancer Service. Individuals with SPS were tested for coding mutations and large deletions in the PTEN, SMAD4, and BMPR1A genes, for the MUTYH variants in exons 7 (Y179C) and 13 (G396D), and for the duplication upstream of GREM1., Results: We found no variants that were likely to be deleterious germline mutations in the SPS cases in the PTEN, SMAD4, and BMPR1A genes. A novel variant in intron 2 (c.164+223T>C) of PTEN was identified in one individual and was predicted by in silico analysis to have no functional consequences. One further individual with SPS was found to be mono-allelic for the MUTYH G396D mutation. No individuals carried the recently reported duplication within GREM1., Conclusions: Genes involved in the gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyposis, Hereditary Mixed Polyposis Syndrome and MUTYH-associated polyposis syndromes are not commonly altered in individuals with SPS.

Published
2013
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45. Multiplicity and molecular heterogeneity of colorectal carcinomas in individuals with serrated polyposis.

Author

Rosty C, Walsh MD, Walters RJ, Clendenning M, Pearson SA, Jenkins MA, Win AK, Hopper JL, Sweet K, Frankel WL, Aronson M, Gallinger S, Goldblatt J, Tucker K, Greening S, Gattas MR, Woodall S, Arnold J, Walker NI, Parry S, Young JP, and Buchanan DD

Subjects
Adenocarcinoma genetics, Adenocarcinoma pathology, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Colonic Polyps genetics, Colonic Polyps pathology, Colorectal Neoplasms genetics, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Adenocarcinoma complications, Colonic Polyps complications, Colorectal Neoplasms complications
Abstract

Serrated polyposis (SP) is a clinically defined syndrome characterized by the occurrence of multiple serrated polyps in the large intestine. Individuals with SP and their relatives are at increased risk of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). We aimed to determine the pathologic and molecular profiles of CRCs in individuals fulfilling World Health Organization criteria for SP. A total of 45 CRCs were obtained from 38 individuals with SP (27 female and 11 male patients; median age at CRC diagnosis, 58.5 y) attending genetics clinics. Tumor samples were pathologically reviewed, screened for somatic BRAF and KRAS mutations, and analyzed immunohistochemically for mismatch repair protein (MMR) expression. Tumors were spread throughout the large intestine, with 64% located in the proximal colon. Mutations in BRAF and KRAS and immunohistochemical evidence of MMR deficiency were found in 46%, 5%, and 38%, respectively. Nearly half of CRCs were BRAF/KRAS wild type, and these were associated with distal location (63%) and MMR proficiency (84%). Overexpression of p53 and/or evidence of β-catenin activation were identified in 13 CRCs. Ten patients (26%) had synchronous or metachronous CRCs. In conclusion, the majority of CRCs arising in individuals with SP do not harbor molecular hallmarks of serrated pathway CRCs but show a diverse range of molecular profiles. The high proportion of multiple CRCs suggests that individuals with SP would benefit from frequent colonoscopic surveillance and from a consideration of a more extensive colectomy at the time of CRC diagnosis.

Published
2013
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46. Racial identity and reasons for living in African American female suicide attempters.

Author

Street JC, Taha F, Jones AD, Jones KA, Carr E, Woods A, Woodall S, and Kaslow NJ

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Personal Satisfaction, Personality Inventory statistics & numerical data, Psychological Tests, Self Report, Socioeconomic Factors, Suicide, Attempted statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Black or African American psychology, Black or African American statistics & numerical data, Self Concept, Social Identification, Suicide, Attempted ethnology, Suicide, Attempted psychology
Abstract

The current study investigated the association between racial identity and reasons for living in African American women who have attempted suicide. Particular attention was paid to the relation between two elements of racial identity (private regard, racial centrality) and reasons for living, an alternative assessment of suicidal risk. While private regard refers to an individual's beliefs about the African American race, racial centrality describes the importance an individual places on his or her racial identity. The sample included 82 low-income African American women, ages 18-64, who reported a suicide attempt in the past 12 months. Participants, recruited from a large, urban public hospital located in the Southeast, completed the Reasons for Living Inventory and the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity, which included the private regard and racial centrality subscales. Results indicated that, as predicted, higher private regard was associated with more reasons for living. Contrary to expectations, racial centrality was not correlated with reasons for living nor was there an interaction between private regard and racial centrality indicating that racial centrality did not function as a moderator in predicting participants' reasons for living scores. Implications for culturally competent clinical interventions that target bolstering private regard are discussed.

Published
2012
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47. Phenotype and polyp landscape in serrated polyposis syndrome: a series of 100 patients from genetics clinics.

Author

Rosty C, Buchanan DD, Walsh MD, Pearson SA, Pavluk E, Walters RJ, Clendenning M, Spring KJ, Jenkins MA, Win AK, Hopper JL, Sweet K, Frankel WL, Aronson M, Gallinger S, Goldblatt J, Woodall S, Arnold J, Walker NI, Jass JR, Parry S, and Young JP

Subjects
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing metabolism, Adenoma genetics, Adenoma metabolism, Adenosine Triphosphatases metabolism, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism, Colectomy, Colonic Polyps genetics, Colonic Polyps metabolism, Colorectal Neoplasms genetics, Colorectal Neoplasms metabolism, DNA Mutational Analysis, DNA Repair Enzymes metabolism, DNA, Neoplasm genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Female, Humans, Hyperplasia genetics, Hyperplasia metabolism, Hyperplasia pathology, Male, Middle Aged, Mismatch Repair Endonuclease PMS2, MutL Protein Homolog 1, Mutation, Nuclear Proteins metabolism, Phenotype, Proto-Oncogene Proteins genetics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf genetics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras), Syndrome, Young Adult, ras Proteins genetics, Adenoma pathology, Colon pathology, Colonic Polyps pathology, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology
Abstract

Serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS), also known as hyperplastic polyposis, is a syndrome of unknown genetic basis defined by the occurrence of multiple serrated polyps in the large intestine and associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). There are a variety of SPS presentations, which may encompass a continuum of phenotypes modified by environmental and genetic factors. To explore the phenotype of SPS, we recorded the histologic and molecular characteristics of multiple colorectal polyps in patients with SPS recruited between 2000 and 2010 from genetics clinics in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States. Three specialist gastrointestinal pathologists reviewed the polyps, which they classified into conventional adenomas or serrated polyps, with various subtypes, according to the current World Health Organization criteria. Mutations in BRAF and KRAS and mismatch repair protein expression were determined in a subset of polyps. A total of 100 patients were selected for the study, of whom 58 were female and 42 were male. The total polyp count per patient ranged from 6 to 150 (median 30). The vast majority of patients (89%) had polyposis affecting the entire large intestine. From this cohort, 406 polyps were reviewed. Most of the polyps (83%) were serrated polyps: microvesicular hyperplastic polyps (HP) (n=156), goblet cell HP (n=25), sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (SSA/P) (n=110), SSA/P with cytologic dysplasia (n=28), and traditional serrated adenomas (n=18). A further 69 polyps were conventional adenomas. BRAF mutation was mainly detected in SSA/P with dysplasia (95%), SSA/P (85%), microvesicular HP (76%), and traditional serrated adenoma (54%), whereas KRAS mutation was present mainly in goblet cell HP (50%) and in tubulovillous adenoma (45%). Four of 6 SSA/Ps with high-grade dysplasia showed loss of MLH1/PMS2 expression. CRC was diagnosed in 39 patients who were more often found to have a conventional adenoma compared with patients without CRC (P=0.003). Patients with SPS referred to genetics clinics had a pancolonic disease with a high polyp burden and a high rate of BRAF mutation. The occurrence of CRC was associated with the presence of conventional adenoma.

Published
2012
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48. Cancer risks for relatives of patients with serrated polyposis.

Author

Win AK, Walters RJ, Buchanan DD, Jenkins MA, Sweet K, Frankel WL, de la Chapelle A, McKeone DM, Walsh MD, Clendenning M, Pearson SA, Pavluk E, Nagler B, Hopper JL, Gattas MR, Goldblatt J, George J, Suthers GK, Phillips KD, Woodall S, Arnold J, Tucker K, Field M, Greening S, Gallinger S, Aronson M, Perrier R, Woods MO, Green JS, Walker N, Rosty C, Parry S, and Young JP

Subjects
Adenocarcinoma genetics, Adenoma genetics, Colonic Polyps pathology, Colorectal Neoplasms genetics, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pancreatic Neoplasms genetics, Risk, Colonic Polyps genetics, Neoplasms genetics
Abstract

Objectives: Serrated polyposis (hyperplastic polyposis) is characterized by multiple polyps with serrated architecture in the colorectum. Although patients with serrated polyposis are known to be at increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and possibly extracolonic cancers, cancer risk for their relatives has not been widely explored. The aim of this study was to estimate the risks of CRC and extracolonic cancers for relatives of patients with serrated polyposis., Methods: A cohort of the 1,639 first- and second-degree relatives of 100 index patients with serrated polyposis recruited regardless of a family history of polyps or cancer from genetic clinics in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the USA, were retrospectively analyzed to estimate the country-, age-, and sex-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for relatives compared with the general population., Results: A total of 102 CRCs were observed in first- and second-relatives (SIR 2.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.75-2.93; P<0.001), with 54 in first-degree relatives (SIR 5.16, 95% CI 3.70-7.30; P<0.001) and 48 in second-degree relatives (SIR 1.38, 95% CI 1.01-1.91; P=0.04). Six pancreatic cancers were observed in first-degree relatives (SIR 3.64, 95% CI 1.70-9.21; P=0.003). There was no statistical evidence of increased risk for cancer of the stomach, brain, breast, or prostate., Conclusions: Our finding that relatives of serrated polyposis patients are at significantly increased risk of colorectal and pancreatic cancer adds to the accumulating evidence that serrated polyposis has an inherited component.

Published
2012
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49. Evaluation of two progestogen-based estrous synchronization protocols in yearling heifers of Bos indicus × Bos taurus breeding.

Author

McKinniss EN, Esterman RD, Woodall SA, Austin BR, Hersom MJ, Thatcher WW, and Yelich JV

Subjects
Animals, Estrus Synchronization drug effects, Female, Fertilization, Insemination, Artificial veterinary, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Rate, Progestins administration & dosage, Progestins adverse effects, Breeding methods, Cattle, Estrus Synchronization methods, Progestins pharmacology
Abstract

Yearling Bos indicus × Bos taurus heifers (n = 410) from three locations, were synchronized with either the Select Synch/CIDR+timed-AI (SSC+TAI) or 7-11+timed-AI (7-11+TAI) treatments. On Day 0 of the experiment, within each location, heifers were equally distributed to treatments by reproductive tract score (RTS; Scale 1-5: 1 = immature, 5 = estrous cycling) and body condition score. The 7-11+TAI treatment consisted of melengestrol acetate (0.5 mg/head/d) from Days 0 to 7, with PGF(2α) (25 mg im) on Day 7, GnRH (100 μg im) on Day 11, and PGF(2α) (25 mg im) on Day 18. The SSC+TAI heifers received the same carrier supplement (without MGA) from Days 0 to 7, and on Day 11 they were given 100 μg GnRH and an intravaginal CIDR (containing 1.38 g progesterone). The CIDR were removed on Day 18, concurrent with 25 mg PGF(2α) im For both treatments, estrus was visually detected for 1 h twice daily (0700 and 1600 h) for 72 h after PGF(2α), with AI done 6 to 12 h after a detected estrus. Non-responders were timed-AI and received GnRH (100 μg im) 72 to 76 h post PGF(2α). The 7-11+TAI heifers had a greater (P < 0.05) estrous response (55.2 vs 41.9%), conception rate (47.0 vs 31.3%), and synchronized pregnancy rate (33.5 vs 24.8%) compared to SSC+TAI heifers, respectively. Heifers exhibiting estrus at 60 h (61.7%) had a greater (P < 0.05) conception rate compared to heifers that exhibited estrus at ≤ 36 (35.3%), 48 (31.6%), and 72 h (36.2%), which were similar (P > 0.05) to each other. As RTS increased from ≤ 2 to ≥ 3, estrous response, conception rate, synchronized pregnancy rate, and 30 d pregnancy rate all increased (P < 0.05), irrespective of synchronization treatment. In conclusion, the 7-11+TAI treatment yielded greater synchronized pregnancy rates compared to SSC+TAI treatment in yearling Bos indicus × Bos taurus heifers., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2011
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50. Linkage to chromosome 2q32.2-q33.3 in familial serrated neoplasia (Jass syndrome).

Author

Roberts A, Nancarrow D, Clendenning M, Buchanan DD, Jenkins MA, Duggan D, Taverna D, McKeone D, Walters R, Walsh MD, Young BW, Jass JR, Rosty C, Gattas M, Pelzer E, Hopper JL, Goldblatt J, George J, Suthers GK, Phillips K, Parry S, Woodall S, Arnold J, Tucker K, Muir A, Drini M, Macrae F, Newcomb P, Potter JD, Pavluk E, Lindblom A, and Young JP

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Chromosome Mapping, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Haplotypes, Humans, Lod Score, Male, Middle Aged, Syndrome, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Colorectal Neoplasms genetics, Genetic Linkage, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Abstract

Causative genetic variants have to date been identified for only a small proportion of familial colorectal cancer (CRC). While conditions such as Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and Lynch syndrome have well defined genetic causes, the search for variants underlying the remainder of familial CRC is plagued by genetic heterogeneity. The recent identification of families with a heritable predisposition to malignancies arising through the serrated pathway (familial serrated neoplasia or Jass syndrome) provides an opportunity to study a subset of familial CRC in which heterogeneity may be greatly reduced. A genome-wide linkage screen was performed on a large family displaying a dominantly-inherited predisposition to serrated neoplasia genotyped using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Mapping 10 K SNP Array. Parametric and nonparametric analyses were performed and resulting regions of interest, as well as previously reported CRC susceptibility loci at 3q22, 7q31 and 9q22, were followed up by finemapping in 10 serrated neoplasia families. Genome-wide linkage analysis revealed regions of interest at 2p25.2-p25.1, 2q24.3-q37.1 and 8p21.2-q12.1. Finemapping linkage and haplotype analyses identified 2q32.2-q33.3 as the region most likely to harbour linkage, with heterogeneity logarithm of the odds (HLOD) 2.09 and nonparametric linkage (NPL) score 2.36 (P = 0.004). Five primary candidate genes (CFLAR, CASP10, CASP8, FZD7 and BMPR2) were sequenced and no segregating variants identified. There was no evidence of linkage to previously reported loci on chromosomes 3, 7 and 9.

Published
2011
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