Author: "Wong, S. C." - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1,486 results on '"Wong, S. C."'

1. Reporting of paediatric osteoporotic vertebral fractures in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and potential impact on clinical management: the need for standardised and structured reporting

Author: Martin, H., Henderson, A., Allen, R., Childs, A. M., Dunne, J., Horrocks, I., Joseph, S., Kraft, J. K., Ward, K., Mushtaq, T., Mason, A., Kyriakou, A., and Wong, S. C.
Published: 2024
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2. Domain Adversarial Spatial-Temporal Network: A Transferable Framework for Short-term Traffic Forecasting across Cities

Author: Tang, Yihong, Qu, Ao, Chow, Andy H. F., Lam, William H. K., Wong, S. C., and Ma, Wei
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: Accurate real-time traffic forecast is critical for intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and it serves as the cornerstone of various smart mobility applications. Though this research area is dominated by deep learning, recent studies indicate that the accuracy improvement by developing new model structures is becoming marginal. Instead, we envision that the improvement can be achieved by transferring the "forecasting-related knowledge" across cities with different data distributions and network topologies. To this end, this paper aims to propose a novel transferable traffic forecasting framework: Domain Adversarial Spatial-Temporal Network (DASTNet). DASTNet is pre-trained on multiple source networks and fine-tuned with the target network's traffic data. Specifically, we leverage the graph representation learning and adversarial domain adaptation techniques to learn the domain-invariant node embeddings, which are further incorporated to model the temporal traffic data. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to employ adversarial multi-domain adaptation for network-wide traffic forecasting problems. DASTNet consistently outperforms all state-of-the-art baseline methods on three benchmark datasets. The trained DASTNet is applied to Hong Kong's new traffic detectors, and accurate traffic predictions can be delivered immediately (within one day) when the detector is available. Overall, this study suggests an alternative to enhance the traffic forecasting methods and provides practical implications for cities lacking historical traffic data.
Published: 2022
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3. Turning Traffic Monitoring Cameras into Intelligent Sensors for Traffic Density Estimation

Author: Hu, Zijian, Lam, William H. K., Wong, S. C., Chow, Andy H. F., and Ma, Wei
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: Accurate traffic state information plays a pivotal role in the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), and it is an essential input to various smart mobility applications such as signal coordination and traffic flow prediction. The current practice to obtain the traffic state information is through specialized sensors such as loop detectors and speed cameras. In most metropolitan areas, traffic monitoring cameras have been installed to monitor the traffic conditions on arterial roads and expressways, and the collected videos or images are mainly used for visual inspection by traffic engineers. Unfortunately, the data collected from traffic monitoring cameras are affected by the 4L characteristics: Low frame rate, Low resolution, Lack of annotated data, and Located in complex road environments. Therefore, despite the great potentials of the traffic monitoring cameras, the 4L characteristics hinder them from providing useful traffic state information (e.g., speed, flow, density). This paper focuses on the traffic density estimation problem as it is widely applicable to various traffic surveillance systems. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of the holistic framework for addressing the 4L characteristics and extracting the traffic density information from traffic monitoring camera data. In view of this, this paper proposes a framework for estimating traffic density using uncalibrated traffic monitoring cameras with 4L characteristics. The proposed framework consists of two major components: camera calibration and vehicle detection. The camera calibration method estimates the actual length between pixels in the images and videos, and the vehicle counts are extracted from the deep-learning-based vehicle detection method. Combining the two components, high-granular traffic density can be estimated. To validate the proposed framework, two case studies were conducted in Hong Kong and Sacramento. The results show that the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) in camera calibration is less than 0.2 meters out of 6 meters, and the accuracy of vehicle detection under various conditions is approximately 90%. Overall, the MAE for the estimated density is 9.04 veh/km/lane in Hong Kong and 1.30 veh/km/lane in Sacramento. The research outcomes can be used to calibrate the speed-density fundamental diagrams, and the proposed framework can provide accurate and real-time traffic information without installing additional sensors.
Published: 2021

4. Self-supervised Depth Estimation Leveraging Global Perception and Geometric Smoothness Using On-board Videos

Author: Jia, Shaocheng, Pei, Xin, Yao, Wei, and Wong, S. C.
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: Self-supervised depth estimation has drawn much attention in recent years as it does not require labeled data but image sequences. Moreover, it can be conveniently used in various applications, such as autonomous driving, robotics, realistic navigation, and smart cities. However, extracting global contextual information from images and predicting a geometrically natural depth map remain challenging. In this paper, we present DLNet for pixel-wise depth estimation, which simultaneously extracts global and local features with the aid of our depth Linformer block. This block consists of the Linformer and innovative soft split multi-layer perceptron blocks. Moreover, a three-dimensional geometry smoothness loss is proposed to predict a geometrically natural depth map by imposing the second-order smoothness constraint on the predicted three-dimensional point clouds, thereby realizing improved performance as a byproduct. Finally, we explore the multi-scale prediction strategy and propose the maximum margin dual-scale prediction strategy for further performance improvement. In experiments on the KITTI and Make3D benchmarks, the proposed DLNet achieves performance competitive to those of the state-of-the-art methods, reducing time and space complexities by more than $62\%$ and $56\%$, respectively. Extensive testing on various real-world situations further demonstrates the strong practicality and generalization capability of the proposed model.
Published: 2021

5. Optimization of the JUNO liquid scintillator composition using a Daya Bay antineutrino detector

Author: Bay, Daya, collaborations, JUNO, Abusleme, A., Adam, T., Ahmad, S., Aiello, S., Akram, M., Ali, N., An, F. P., An, G. P., An, Q., Andronico, G., Anfimov, N., Antonelli, V., Antoshkina, T., Asavapibhop, B., de André, J. P. A. M., Babic, A., Balantekin, A. B., Baldini, W., Baldoncini, M., Band, H. R., Barresi, A., Baussan, E., Bellato, M., Bernieri, E., Biare, D., Birkenfeld, T., Bishai, M., Blin, S., Blum, D., Blyth, S., Bordereau, C., Brigatti, A., Brugnera, R., Budano, A., Burgbacher, P., Buscemi, M., Bussino, S., Busto, J., Butorov, I., Cabrera, A., Cai, H., Cai, X., Cai, Y. K., Cai, Z. Y., Cammi, A., Campeny, A., Cao, C. Y., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Caruso, R., Cerna, C., Chakaberia, I., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, P. A., Chen, P. P., Chen, S. M., Chen, S. J., Chen, X. R., Chen, Y. W., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. P., Cheng, Z. K., Chepurnov, A., Cherwinka, J. J., Chiarello, F., Chiesa, D., Chimenti, P., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Chuvashova, A., Clementi, ., Clerbaux, B., Di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Corti, D., Costa, S., Corso, F. D., Cummings, J. P., Dalager, O., De La Taille, C., Deng, F. S., Deng, J. W., Deng, Z., Deng, Z. Y., Depnering, W., Diaz, M., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Dirgantara, B., Dmitrievsky, S., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Donchenko, G., Dong, J. M., Dornic, D., Doroshkevich, E., Dove, J., Dracos, M., Druillole, F., Du, S. X., Dusini, S., Dvorak, M., Dwyer, D. A., Enqvist, T., Enzmann, H., Fabbri, A., Fajt, L., Fan, D. H., Fan, L., Fang, C., Fang, J., Fatkina, A., Fedoseev, D., Fekete, V., Feng, L. C., Feng, Q. C., Fiorentini, G., Ford, R., Formozov, A., Fournier, A., Franke, S., Gallo, J. P., Gan, H. N., Gao, F., Garfagnini, A., Göttel, A., Genster, C., Giammarchi, M., Giaz, A., Giudice, N., Giuliani, F., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gorchakov, O., Gornushkin, Y., Grassi, M., Grewing, C., Gromov, M., Gromov, V., Gu, M. H., Gu, W. Q., Gu, X. F., Gu, Y., Guan, M. Y., Guardone, N., Gul, M., Guo, C., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, W. L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Haacke, M., Hackenburg, R. W., Hackspacher, P., Hagner, C., Han, R., Han, Y., Hans, S., He, M., He, W., Heeger, K. M., Heinz, T., Heng, Y. K., Herrera, R., Higuera, A., Hong, D. J., Hor, Y. K., Hou, S. J., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, H., Hu, J. R., Hu, J., Hu, S. Y., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, C. H., Huang, G. H., Huang, H. X., Huang, Q. H., Huang, W. H., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Hui, J. Q., Huo, L., Huo, W. J., Huss, C., Hussain, S., Insolia, A., Ioannisian, A., Ioannisyan, D., Isocrate, R., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. Z., Jia, H. H., Jia, J. J., Jian, S. Y., Jiang, D., Jiang, X. S., Jin, R. Y., Jing, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jollet, C., Jones, D., Joutsenvaara, J., Jungthawan, S., Kalousis, L., Kampmann, P., Kang, L., Karagounis, M., Kazarian, N., Kettell, S. H., Khan, A., Khan, W., Khosonthongkee, K., Kinz, P., Kohn, S., Korablev, D., Kouzakov, K., Kramer, M., Krasnoperov, A., Krokhaleva, S., Krumshteyn, Z., Kruth, A., Kutovskiy, N., Kuusiniemi, P., Lachacinski, B., Lachenmaier, T., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lefevre, F., Lei, L., Lei, R., Leitner, R., Leung, J., Li, C., Li, D. M., Li, F., Li, H. T., Li, H. L., Li, J., Li, J. J., Li, J. Q., Li, K. J., Li, M. Z., Li, N., Li, Q. J., Li, R. H., Li, S. C., Li, S. F., Li, S. J., Li, T., Li, W. D., Li, W. G., Li, X. M., Li, X. N., Li, X. L., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Li, Z. Y., Liang, H., Liang, J. J., Liebau, D., Limphirat, A., Limpijumnong, S., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S. X., Lin, T., Lin, Y. H., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Lippi, I., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, H. B., Liu, H. D., Liu, H. J., Liu, H. T., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, M., Liu, Q., Liu, R. X., Liu, S. Y., Liu, S. B., Liu, S. L., Liu, X. W., Liu, Y., Lokhov, A., Lombardi, P., Loo, K., Lorenz, S., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. B., Lu, J. G., Lu, S. X., Lu, X. X., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lubsandorzhiev, S., Ludhova, L., Luk, K. B., Luo, F. J., Luo, G., Luo, P. W., Luo, S., Luo, W. M., Lyashuk, V., Ma, Q. M., Ma, S., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Mantovani, F., Mao, Y. J., Mari, S. M., Marini, F., Marium, S., Marshall, C., Martellini, C., Martin-Chassard, G., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, Martini, A., Martino, J., Mayilyan, D., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Müller, A., Meng, G., Meng, Y., Meregaglia, A., Meroni, E., Meyhöfer, D., Mezzetto, M., Miller, J., Miramonti, L., Monforte, S., Montini, P., Montuschi, M., Morozov, N., Muralidharan, P., Napolitano, J., Nastasi, M., Naumov, D. V., Naumova, E., Nemchenok, I., Nikolaev, A., Ning, F. P., Ning, Z., Nunokawa, H., Oberauer, L., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Ortica, F., Pan, H. R., Paoloni, A., Park, J., Parkalian, N., Parmeggiano, S., Patton, S., Payupol, T., Pec, V., Pedretti, D., Pei, Y. T., Pelliccia, N., Peng, A. G., Peng, H. P., Peng, J. C., Perrot, F., Petitjean, P. A., Rico, L. F. Pineres, Popov, A., Poussot, P., Pratumwan, W., Previtali, E., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, S., Qian, X., Qian, X. H., Qiao, H., Qin, Z. H., Qiu, S. K., Rajput, M., Ranucci, G., Raper, N., Re, A., Rebber, H., Rebii, A., Ren, B., Ren, J., Reveco, C. M., Rezinko, T., Ricci, B., Robens, M., Roche, M., Rodphai, N., Rohwer, L., Romani, A., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Roth, C., Ruan, X. C., Ruan, X. D., Rujirawat, S., Rybnikov, A., Sadovsky, A., Saggese, P., Salamanna, G., Sangka, A., Sanguansak, N., Sawangwit, U., Sawatzki, J., Sawy, F., Schever, M., Schuler, J., Schwab, C., Schweizer, K., Selivanov, D., Selyunin, A., Serafini, A., Settanta, G., Settimo, M., Shahzad, M., Shi, G., Shi, J. Y., Shi, Y. J., Shutov, V., Sidorenkov, A., Simkovic, F., Sirignano, C., Siripak, J., Sisti, M., Slupecki, M., Smirnov, M., Smirnov, O., Sogo-Bezerra, T., Songwadhana, J., Soonthornthum, B., Sotnikov, A., Sramek, O., Sreethawong, W., Stahl, A., Stanco, L., Stankevich, K., Stefanik, D., Steiger, H., Steiner, H., Steinmann, J., Stender, M., Strati, V., Studenikin, A., Sun, G. X., Sun, L. T., Sun, J. L., Sun, S. F., Sun, X. L., Sun, Y. J., Sun, Y. Z., Suwonjandee, N., Szelezniak, M., Tang, J., Tang, Q., Tang, X., Tietzsch, A., Tkachev, I., Tmej, T., Treskov, K., Troni, G., Trzaska, W., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Tuve, C., van Waasen, S., Boom, J. Vanden, Vassilopoulos, N., Vedin, V., Verde, G., Vialkov, M., Viaud, B., Viren, B., Volpe, C., Vorobel, V., Votano, L., Walker, P., Wang, C., Wang, C. H., Wang, E., Wang, G. L., Wang, J., Wang, K. Y., Wang, L., Wang, M. F., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, S. G., Wang, W., Wang, W. S., Wang, X., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. G., Wang, Y. M., Wang, Y. Q., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wang, Z. Y., Watcharangkool, A., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wei, W., Wei, Y. D., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wiebusch, C., Wong, S. C. F., Wong, H. L. H., Wonsak, B., Worcester, E., Wu, C. H., Wu, D. R., Wu, F. L., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Wu, Z., Wurm, M., Wurtz, J., Wysotzki, C., Xi, Y. F., Xia, D. M., Xie, Y. G., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, F. R., Xu, H. K., Xu, J. L., Xu, J., Xu, M. H., Xu, T., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, B. J., Yan, X. B., Yan, Y. P., Yang, A. B., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, J., Yang, L., Yang, X. Y., Yang, Y. F., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Yasin, Z., Ye, J. X., Ye, M., Yegin, U., Yeh, M., Yermia, F., Yi, P. H., You, Z. Y., Young, B. L., Yu, B. X., Yu, C. X., Yu, C. Y., Yu, H. Z., Yu, M., Yu, X. H., Yu, Z. Y., Yuan, C. Z., Yuan, Y., Yuan, Z. X., Yuan, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zafar, N., Zambanini, A., Zeng, P., Zeng, S., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, Y. D., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, G. Q., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, H. Q., Zhang, J., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, P., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, T., Zhang, X. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. H., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, F. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, R., Zhao, S. J., Zhao, T. C., Zheng, D. Q., Zheng, H., Zheng, M. S., Zheng, Y. H., Zhong, W. R., Zhou, J., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhou, S., Zhou, X., Zhu, J., Zhu, K. J., Zhuang, H. L., Zong, L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: To maximize the light yield of the liquid scintillator (LS) for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), a 20 t LS sample was produced in a pilot plant at Daya Bay. The optical properties of the new LS in various compositions were studied by replacing the gadolinium-loaded LS in one antineutrino detector. The concentrations of the fluor, PPO, and the wavelength shifter, bis-MSB, were increased in 12 steps from 0.5 g/L and <0.01 mg/L to 4 g/L and 13 mg/L, respectively. The numbers of total detected photoelectrons suggest that, with the optically purified solvent, the bis-MSB concentration does not need to be more than 4 mg/L. To bridge the one order of magnitude in the detector size difference between Daya Bay and JUNO, the Daya Bay data were used to tune the parameters of a newly developed optical model. Then, the model and tuned parameters were used in the JUNO simulation. This enabled to determine the optimal composition for the JUNO LS: purified solvent LAB with 2.5 g/L PPO, and 1 to 4 mg/L bis-MSB., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2020

6. Improved Constraints on Sterile Neutrino Mixing from Disappearance Searches in the MINOS, MINOS+, Daya Bay, and Bugey-3 Experiments

Author: Bay, Daya, Collaborations, MINOS, Adamson, P., An, F. P., Anghel, I., Aurisano, A., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Barr, G., Bishai, M., Blake, A., Blyth, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Cao, S. V., Carroll, T. J., Castromonte, C. M., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, R., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Childress, S., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Coelho, J. A. B., Cummings, J. P., Dash, N., De Rijck, S., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dolzhikov, D., Dove, J., Dvořák, M., Dwyer, D. A., Evans, J. J., Feldman, G. J., Flanagan, W., Gabrielyan, M., Gallo, J. P., Germani, S., Gomes, R. A., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gouffon, P., Graf, N., Grzelak, K., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Habig, A., Hackenburg, R. W., Hahn, S. R., Hans, S., Hartnell, J., Hatcher, R., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Holin, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, J., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kordosky, M., Kramer, M., Kreymer, A., Lang, K., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, J. J., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Lucas, P., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Mann, W. A., Marshak, M. L., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, Mayer, N., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mehdiyev, R., Meier, J. R., Meng, Y., Miller, W. H., Mills, G., Lepin, L. Mora, Naples, D., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nelson, J. K., Nichol, R. J., O'Connor, J., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pahlka, R. B., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pavlović, Z., Pawloski, G., Peng, J. C., Perch, A., Pfützner, M. M., Phan, D. D., Plunkett, R. K., Poonthottathil, N., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, X., Radovic, A., Raper, N., Ren, J., Reveco, C. Morales, Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Sail, P., Sanchez, M. C., Schneps, J., Schreckenberger, A., Shaheed, N., Sharma, R., Sousa, A., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tagg, N., Thomas, J., Thomson, M. A., Timmons, A., Tmej, T., Todd, J., Tognini, S. C., Toner, R., Torretta, D., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Vahle, P., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Weber, A., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C., Whitehead, L. H., Wojcicki, S. G., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, D. R., Wu, F. L., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xie, Z. Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xu, T., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, Y. Z., Yao, H. F., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., and Zhuang, H. L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Searches for electron antineutrino, muon neutrino, and muon antineutrino disappearance driven by sterile neutrino mixing have been carried out by the Daya Bay and MINOS+ collaborations. This Letter presents the combined results of these searches, along with exclusion results from the Bugey-3 reactor experiment, framed in a minimally extended four-neutrino scenario. Significantly improved constraints on the $\theta_{\mu e}$ mixing angle are derived that constitute the most stringent limits to date over five orders of magnitude in the sterile mass-squared splitting $\Delta m^2_{41}$, excluding the 90% C.L. sterile-neutrino parameter space allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE observations at 90% CL$_s$ for $\Delta m^2_{41}<5\,$eV$^2$.Furthermore, the LSND and MiniBooNE 99% C.L. allowed regions are excluded at 99% CL$_s$ for $\Delta m^2_{41}$ $<$ 1.2 eV$^2$., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2020
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7. Positivity-Preserving Discontinuous Galerkin Methods on Triangular Meshes for Macroscopic Pedestrian Flow Models

Author: Yang, L., Liang, H., Du, J., and Wong, S. C.
Subjects: Specific gravity -- Methods -- Analysis -- Laws, regulations and rules, Environmental law -- Analysis -- Methods, Algorithms -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Analysis -- Methods, Government regulation, Algorithm, Transportation industry
Abstract: The macroscopic models for solving the pedestrian flow problem can be generally classified into two categories as follows: first-order continuum models and high-order continuum models. In first-order continuum models, the density satisfies the mass conservation law, the speed is defined by a flow-density relationship, and the desired directional motion of pedestrians is determined by an Eikonal-type equation. In contrast, in high-order models, the velocity is governed by the momentum conservation law. In this study, we summarize existing first-order and high-order models and rewrite them in the form of unified scalar or system hyperbolic conservation laws. Next, we apply high-order discontinuous Galerkin methods with a positivity-preserving limiter on unstructured triangular meshes to solve the conservation law and a second-order fast-sweeping scheme to solve the Eikonal equations. Our method can efficiently model real-life complex computational regions and avoid nonphysical solutions and simulation blow-ups. Finally, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed solution algorithm. The numerical results validate the reliability of the proposed numerical method and highlight the advantages of triangular meshes., Author(s): L. Yang [1,2]; H. Liang (corresponding author) [3]; J. Du [1,2]; S. C. Wong [4,5] 1. Introduction Due to the importance of the security and safety management of pedestrian [...]
Published: 2023
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8. Response to Comment on Daya Bay's definition and use of Delta(m^2_ee)

Author: The Day Bay Collaboration, Adey, D., An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Dash, N., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dove, J., Dvorak, M., Dwyer, D. A., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Lepin, L. Mora, Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. F., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Daya Bay Collaboration responds to comments posted by S. Parke and R. Zukanovich Funchal regarding our use of Delta(m^2_ee).
Published: 2019

9. Extraction of the $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu Antineutrino Spectra at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay collaboration, Adey, D., An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Dash, N., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dove, J., Dvorak, M., Dwyer, D. A., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Lepin, L. Mora, Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. F., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: This Letter reports the first extraction of individual antineutrino spectra from $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu fission and an improved measurement of the prompt energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos at Daya Bay. The analysis uses $3.5\times 10^6$ inverse beta-decay candidates in four near antineutrino detectors in 1958 days. The individual antineutrino spectra of the two dominant isotopes, $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu, are extracted using the evolution of the prompt spectrum as a function of the isotope fission fractions. In the energy window of 4--6~MeV, a 7\% (9\%) excess of events is observed for the $^{235}$U ($^{239}$Pu) spectrum compared with the normalized Huber-Mueller model prediction. The significance of discrepancy is $4.0\sigma$ for $^{235}$U spectral shape compared with the Huber-Mueller model prediction. The shape of the measured inverse beta-decay prompt energy spectrum disagrees with the prediction of the Huber-Mueller model at $5.3\sigma$. In the energy range of 4--6~MeV, a maximal local discrepancy of $6.3\sigma$ is observed., Comment: Updated title
Published: 2019
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10. A high precision calibration of the nonlinear energy response at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay collaboration, Adey, D., An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Dash, N., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dove, J., Dvořák, M., Dwyer, D. A., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Lepin, L. Mora, Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. F., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: A high precision calibration of the nonlinearity in the energy response of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment's antineutrino detectors is presented in detail. The energy nonlinearity originates from the particle-dependent light yield of the scintillator and charge-dependent electronics response. The nonlinearity model is constrained by $\gamma$ calibration points from deployed and naturally occurring radioactive sources, the $\beta$ spectrum from $^{12}$B decays, and a direct measurement of the electronics nonlinearity with a new flash analog-to-digital converter readout system. Less than 0.5% uncertainty in the energy nonlinearity calibration is achieved for positrons of kinetic energies greater than 1 MeV., Comment: 17 pages, 22 figures, 4 tables. Final version to be published in NIM-A
Published: 2019

11. Search for a time-varying electron antineutrino signal at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay Collaboration, Adey, D., An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Dash, N., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dove, J., Dvořák, M., Dwyer, D. A., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Lepin, L. Mora, Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, R. M., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. F., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. C., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for a time-varying $\bar{\nu}_{e}$ signal was performed with 621 days of data acquired by the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment over 704 calendar days. The time spectrum of the measured $\overline{\nu}_e$ flux normalized to its prediction was analyzed with a Lomb-Scargle periodogram, which yielded no significant signal for periods ranging from 2 hours to nearly 2 years. The normalized time spectrum was also fit for a sidereal modulation under the Standard Model extension (SME) framework to search for Lorentz and CPT violation (LV-CPTV). Limits were obtained for all six flavor pairs $\bar{e}\bar{\mu}$, $\bar{e}\bar{\tau}$, $\bar{\mu}\bar{\tau}$, $\bar{e}\bar{e},\bar{\mu}\bar{\mu}$ and $\bar{\tau}\bar{\tau}$ by fitting them one at a time, constituting the first experimental constraints on the latter three. Daya Bay's high statistics and unique layout of multiple directions from three pairs of reactors to three experimental halls allowed the simultaneous constraint of individual SME LV-CPTV coefficients without assuming others contribute negligibly, a first for a neutrino experiment., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Supplemental Material is provided. v3: updated two figures to better match published version
Published: 2018
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12. Longitudinal Safety Analysis For Heterogeneous Platoon Of Automated And Human Vehicles

Author: Yang, Zi, Wang, Xinpeng, Pei, Xin, Feng, Shuo, Wang, Dajun, Wang, Jianqiang, and WONG, S. C.
Subjects: Computer Science - Systems and Control
Abstract: With the recent advancement in environmental sensing, vehicle control and vehicle-infrastructure cooperation technologies, more and more autonomous driving companies start to put their intelligent cars into road test. But in the near future, we will face a heterogeneous traffic with both intelligent connected vehicles and human vehicles. In this paper, we investigated the impacts of four collision avoidance algorithms under different intelligent connected vehicles market penetration rate. A customized simulation platform is built, in which a platoon can be initiated with many key parameters. For every short time interval, the dynamics of vehicles are updated and input in a kinematics model. If a collision occurs, the energy loss is calculated to represent the crash severity. Four collision avoidance algorithms are chosen and compared in terms of the crash rate and severity at different market penetration rate and different locations of the platoon. The results generate interesting debates on the issues of heterogeneous platoon safety., Comment: 6 pages, 13 figures; The 21st IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Published: 2018

13. Measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation with 1958 days of operation at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay Collaboration, Adey, D., An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Lepin, L. Mora, Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, R. M., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. F., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zheng, P., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We report a measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation from the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment with nearly 4 million reactor $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ inverse beta decay candidates observed over 1958 days of data collection. The installation of a Flash-ADC readout system and a special calibration campaign using different source enclosures reduce uncertainties in the absolute energy calibration to less than 0.5% for visible energies larger than 2 MeV. The uncertainty in the cosmogenic $^9$Li and $^8$He background is reduced from 45% to 30% in the near detectors. A detailed investigation of the spent nuclear fuel history improves its uncertainty from 100% to 30%. Analysis of the relative $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ rates and energy spectra among detectors yields $\sin^{2}2\theta_{13} = 0.0856\pm 0.0029$ and $\Delta m^2_{32}=(2.471^{+0.068}_{-0.070})\times 10^{-3}~\mathrm{eV}^2$ assuming the normal hierarchy, and $\Delta m^2_{32}=-(2.575^{+0.068}_{-0.070})\times 10^{-3}~\mathrm{eV}^2$ assuming the inverted hierarchy., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, and 1 table. v4: the published version
Published: 2018
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14. Improved Measurement of the Reactor Antineutrino Flux at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay Collaboration, Adey, D., An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Lepin, L. Mora, Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, R. M., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., orcester, E., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. F., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zheng, P., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: This work reports a precise measurement of the reactor antineutrino flux using 2.2 million inverse beta decay (IBD) events collected with the Daya Bay near detectors in 1230 days. The dominant uncertainty on the neutron detection efficiency is reduced by 56% with respect to the previous measurement through a comprehensive neutron calibration and detailed data and simulation analysis. The new average IBD yield is determined to be $(5.91\pm0.09)\times10^{-43}~\rm{cm}^2/\rm{fission}$ with total uncertainty improved by 29%. The corresponding mean fission fractions from the four main fission isotopes $^{235}$U, $^{238}$U, $^{239}$Pu, and $^{241}$Pu are 0.564, 0.076, 0.304, and 0.056, respectively. The ratio of measured to predicted antineutrino yield is found to be $0.952\pm0.014\pm0.023$ ($1.001\pm0.015\pm0.027$) for the Huber-Mueller (ILL-Vogel) model, where the first and second uncertainty are experimental and theoretical model uncertainty, respectively. This measurement confirms the discrepancy between the world average of reactor antineutrino flux and the Huber-Mueller model., Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, and 2 tables
Published: 2018
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15. Cosmogenic neutron production at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay Collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Khan, A., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwok, M. W., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, R. M., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Treskov, K., Tsang, K. V., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, C. -H., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Ye, Z., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, Z. Y., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Neutrons produced by cosmic ray muons are an important background for underground experiments studying neutrino oscillations, neutrinoless double beta decay, dark matter, and other rare-event signals. A measurement of the neutron yield in the three different experimental halls of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment at varying depth is reported. The neutron yield in Daya Bay's liquid scintillator is measured to be $Y_n=(10.26\pm 0.86)\times 10^{-5}$, $(10.22\pm 0.87)\times 10^{-5}$, and $(17.03\pm 1.22)\times 10^{-5}~\mu^{-1}~$g$^{-1}~$cm$^2$ at depths of 250, 265, and 860 meters-water-equivalent. These results are compared to other measurements and the simulated neutron yield in Fluka and Geant4. A global fit including the Daya Bay measurements yields a power law coefficient of $0.77 \pm 0.03$ for the dependence of the neutron yield on muon energy., Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures
Published: 2017
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16. Large-scale pedestrian flow experiments under high-density conditions

Author: Jin, Cheng-Jie, Jiang, Rui, Wong, S. C., Li, Dawei, Guo, Ning, and Wang, Wei
Subjects: Physics - Physics and Society, Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems
Abstract: Despite the vast amount of studies on pedestrian flow, the data concerning high densities are still very inadequate. We organize one large-scale pedestrian flow experiment on a ring corridor. With 278 participants, the density as high as 9 m^(-2) is reached. In the uni-directional flow, four different states are observed, including the free flow, congested state, over-congested state and hyper-congested state. The features of the hyper-congested state are similar to the "crowd turbulence" reported in the empirical data of Helbing et al., and the transition between the stopped state and the moving state can be found. The flow rates in the over-congested state are nearly constant, due to the downstream propagation of pedestrian clusters. In the bi-directional flow, three different types of lane formations are observed in the experiment: (1) three lanes are directly formed ; (2) two lanes are directly formed; (3) firstly three lanes are formed, and then they transit into two lanes. After the lane formation, some interesting phenomena have been observed, including the inhomogeneous distribution of pedestrians across the lanes, and the formation and dissipation of localized crowd. Our study is expected to help for better understanding and modeling the dynamics of high density pedestrian flow.
Published: 2017

17. Seasonal Variation of the Underground Cosmic Muon Flux Observed at Daya Bay

Author: An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Khan, A., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ngai, H. Y., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, R. M., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Sebastiani, C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Treskov, K., Tsang, K. V., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, C. -H., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Ye, Z., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, Z. Y., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Daya Bay Experiment consists of eight identically designed detectors located in three underground experimental halls named as EH1, EH2, EH3, with 250, 265 and 860 meters of water equivalent vertical overburden, respectively. Cosmic muon events have been recorded over a two-year period. The underground muon rate is observed to be positively correlated with the effective atmospheric temperature and to follow a seasonal modulation pattern. The correlation coefficient $\alpha$, describing how a variation in the muon rate relates to a variation in the effective atmospheric temperature, is found to be $\alpha_{\text{EH1}} = 0.362\pm0.031$, $\alpha_{\text{EH2}} = 0.433\pm0.038$ and $\alpha_{\text{EH3}} = 0.641\pm0.057$ for each experimental hall., Comment: Updated to be identical to the published version
Published: 2017
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18. Evolution of the Reactor Antineutrino Flux and Spectrum at Daya Bay

Author: An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Khan, A., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ngai, H. Y., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, R. M., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Stoler, P., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Treskov, K., Tsang, K. V., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, C. -H., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Ye, Z., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, Z. Y., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The Daya Bay experiment has observed correlations between reactor core fuel evolution and changes in the reactor antineutrino flux and energy spectrum. Four antineutrino detectors in two experimental halls were used to identify 2.2 million inverse beta decays (IBDs) over 1230 days spanning multiple fuel cycles for each of six 2.9 GW$_{\textrm{th}}$ reactor cores at the Daya Bay and Ling Ao nuclear power plants. Using detector data spanning effective $^{239}$Pu fission fractions, $F_{239}$, from 0.25 to 0.35, Daya Bay measures an average IBD yield, $\bar{\sigma}_f$, of $(5.90 \pm 0.13) \times 10^{-43}$ cm$^2$/fission and a fuel-dependent variation in the IBD yield, $d\sigma_f/dF_{239}$, of $(-1.86 \pm 0.18) \times 10^{-43}$ cm$^2$/fission. This observation rejects the hypothesis of a constant antineutrino flux as a function of the $^{239}$Pu fission fraction at 10 standard deviations. The variation in IBD yield was found to be energy-dependent, rejecting the hypothesis of a constant antineutrino energy spectrum at 5.1 standard deviations. While measurements of the evolution in the IBD spectrum show general agreement with predictions from recent reactor models, the measured evolution in total IBD yield disagrees with recent predictions at 3.1$\sigma$. This discrepancy indicates that an overall deficit in measured flux with respect to predictions does not result from equal fractional deficits from the primary fission isotopes $^{235}$U, $^{239}$Pu, $^{238}$U, and $^{241}$Pu. Based on measured IBD yield variations, yields of $(6.17 \pm 0.17)$ and $(4.27 \pm 0.26) \times 10^{-43}$ cm$^2$/fission have been determined for the two dominant fission parent isotopes $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu. A 7.8% discrepancy between the observed and predicted $^{235}$U yield suggests that this isotope may be the primary contributor to the reactor antineutrino anomaly., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2017
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19. Unraveling the causes of the Seoul Halloween crowd-crush disaster.

Author: Liang, Haoyang, Lee, Seunghyeon, Sun, Jian, and WONG, S. C.
Subjects: HALLOWEEN, COVID-19 pandemic, BUILDING evacuation, DISASTERS, COLLISIONS at sea
Abstract: As the world steadily recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic, managing large gatherings becomes a critical concern for ensuring crowd safety. The crowd-crush disaster in Seoul in 2022 highlights the need for effective predictive crowd management techniques. In this study, an empirical analysis of this incident is conducted using data from various sources, and model-based simulations are created to replicate hazardous crowd conditions in high-risk areas. In the empirical analysis, mobile device data indicates a significant increase in population above normal levels in the disaster area just hours before the incident occurred. In the simulations, a hydrodynamic model is employed to simulate a bidirectional collision, which quantitatively demonstrates that the average density during the crush reached 7.57 ped/m2 (with a maximum of (9.95)ped/m2). Additionally, the average crowd pressure peaked at 1,063 N/m (with a maximum of 1,961 N/m), and the maximum velocity entropy was 10.99. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the primary causes of the disaster were the substantial population, bidirectional collision, and escalating panic. The results of controlled simulations under various management strategies are then presented. By implementing effective crowd management techniques, crowd safety can be enhanced through quantitative comparisons of these key indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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20. Measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation based on 1230 days of operation of the Daya Bay experiment

Author: Daya Bay Collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Cen, W. R., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, J. -H., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. P., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, R., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Joshi, J., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Lv, Z., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Mooney, M., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ngai, H. Y., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Treskov, K., Tsang, K. V., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, C. -H., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. Y., Xu, J. L., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye, M., Ye, Z., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, Z. Y., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y. B., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: A measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation by the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment is described in detail. Six 2.9-GW$_{\rm th}$ nuclear power reactors of the Daya Bay and Ling Ao nuclear power facilities served as intense sources of $\overline{\nu}_{e}$'s. Comparison of the $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ rate and energy spectrum measured by antineutrino detectors far from the nuclear reactors ($\sim$1500-1950 m) relative to detectors near the reactors ($\sim$350-600 m) allowed a precise measurement of $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ disappearance. More than 2.5 million $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ inverse beta decay interactions were observed, based on the combination of 217 days of operation of six antineutrino detectors (Dec. 2011--Jul. 2012) with a subsequent 1013 days using the complete configuration of eight detectors (Oct. 2012--Jul. 2015). The $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ rate observed at the far detectors relative to the near detectors showed a significant deficit, $R=0.949 \pm 0.002(\mathrm{stat.}) \pm 0.002(\mathrm{syst.})$. The energy dependence of $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ disappearance showed the distinct variation predicted by neutrino oscillation. Analysis using an approximation for the three-flavor oscillation probability yielded the flavor-mixing angle $\sin^22\theta_{13}=0.0841 \pm 0.0027(\mathrm{stat.}) \pm 0.0019(\mathrm{syst.})$ and the effective neutrino mass-squared difference of $\left|{\Delta}m^2_{\mathrm{ee}}\right|=(2.50 \pm 0.06(\mathrm{stat.}) \pm 0.06(\mathrm{syst.})) \times 10^{-3}\ {\rm eV}^2$. Analysis using the exact three-flavor probability found ${\Delta}m^2_{32}=(2.45 \pm 0.06(\mathrm{stat.}) \pm 0.06(\mathrm{syst.})) \times 10^{-3}\ {\rm eV}^2$ assuming the normal neutrino mass hierarchy and ${\Delta}m^2_{32}=(-2.56 \pm 0.06(\mathrm{stat.}) \pm 0.06(\mathrm{syst.})) \times 10^{-3}\ {\rm eV}^2$ for the inverted hierarchy., Comment: 44 pages, 44 figures
Published: 2016
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21. Modelling crowd pressure and turbulence through a mixed-type continuum approach

Author: Liang, Haoyang, primary, Yang, Liangze, additional, Du, Jie, additional, Shu, Chi-Wang, additional, and Wong, S. C., additional
Published: 2024
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22. Reliability-based journey time prediction via two-stream deep learning with multi-source data

Author: Zhuang, Li, primary, Wu, Xinyue, additional, Chow, Andy H. F., additional, Ma, Wei, additional, Lam, William H.K, additional, and Wong, S. C., additional
Published: 2024
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23. Estimation of Vehicular Journey Time Variability by Bayesian Data Fusion With General Mixture Model

Author: Wu, Xinyue, primary, Chow, Andy H. F., additional, Zhuang, Li, additional, Ma, Wei, additional, Lam, William H. K., additional, and Wong, S. C., additional
Published: 2024
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24. Study of the wave packet treatment of neutrino oscillation at Daya Bay

Author: An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Cen, W. R., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, J. -H., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. P., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, R., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Joshi, J., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Lv, Z., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Mooney, M., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ngai, H. Y., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Treskov, K., Tsang, K. V., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, C. -H., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. Y., Xu, J. L., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye, M., Ye, Z., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, Z. Y., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y. B., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: The disappearance of reactor $\bar{\nu}_e$ observed by the Daya Bay experiment is examined in the framework of a model in which the neutrino is described by a wave packet with a relative intrinsic momentum dispersion $\sigma_\text{rel}$. Three pairs of nuclear reactors and eight antineutrino detectors, each with good energy resolution, distributed among three experimental halls, supply a high-statistics sample of $\bar{\nu}_e$ acquired at nine different baselines. This provides a unique platform to test the effects which arise from the wave packet treatment of neutrino oscillation. The modified survival probability formula was used to fit Daya Bay data, providing the first experimental limits: $2.38 \cdot 10^{-17} < \sigma_{\rm rel} < 0.23$. Treating the dimensions of the reactor cores and detectors as constraints, the limits are improved: $10^{-14} \lesssim \sigma_{\rm rel} < 0.23$, and an upper limit of $\sigma_{\rm rel} <0.20$ is obtained. All limits correspond to a 95\% C.L. Furthermore, the effect due to the wave packet nature of neutrino oscillation is found to be insignificant for reactor antineutrinos detected by the Daya Bay experiment thus ensuring an unbiased measurement of the oscillation parameters $\sin^22\theta_{13}$ and $\Delta m^2_{32}$ within the plane wave model.
Published: 2016

25. Improved Measurement of the Reactor Antineutrino Flux and Spectrum at Daya Bay

Author: An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Cen, W. R., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, J. -H., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. P., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, L., Guo, R. P., Guo, X. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, R., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Joshi, J., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Lv, Z., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Mooney, M., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ngai, H. Y., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Treskov, K., Tsang, K. V., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, C. -H., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. Y., Xu, J. L., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye, M., Ye, Z., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, Z. Y., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y. B., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: A new measurement of the reactor antineutrino flux and energy spectrum by the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is reported. The antineutrinos were generated by six 2.9~GW$_{\mathrm{th}}$ nuclear reactors and detected by eight antineutrino detectors deployed in two near (560~m and 600~m flux-weighted baselines) and one far (1640~m flux-weighted baseline) underground experimental halls. With 621 days of data, more than 1.2 million inverse beta decay (IBD) candidates were detected. The IBD yield in the eight detectors was measured, and the ratio of measured to predicted flux was found to be $0.946\pm0.020$ ($0.992\pm0.021$) for the Huber+Mueller (ILL+Vogel) model. A 2.9~$\sigma$ deviation was found in the measured IBD positron energy spectrum compared to the predictions. In particular, an excess of events in the region of 4-6~MeV was found in the measured spectrum, with a local significance of 4.4~$\sigma$. A reactor antineutrino spectrum weighted by the IBD cross section is extracted for model-independent predictions., Comment: version published in Chinese Physics C
Published: 2016
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26. Improved Search for a Light Sterile Neutrino with the Full Configuration of the Daya Bay Experiment

Author: The Daya Bay collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Cen, W. R., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, J. -H., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. P., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, L., Guo, R. P., Guo, X. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, R., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Joshi, J., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Lv, Z., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Mooney, M., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ngai, H. Y., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Treskov, K., Tsang, K. V., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, C. -H., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. Y., Xu, J. L., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye, M., Ye, Z., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, Z. Y., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y. B., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: This Letter reports an improved search for light sterile neutrino mixing in the electron antineutrino disappearance channel with the full configuration of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment. With an additional 404 days of data collected in eight antineutrino detectors, this search benefits from 3.6 times the statistics available to the previous publication, as well as from improvements in energy calibration and background reduction. A relative comparison of the rate and energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos in the three experimental halls yields no evidence of sterile neutrino mixing in the $2\times10^{-4} \lesssim |\Delta m^{2}_{41}| \lesssim 0.3$ eV$^{2}$ mass range. The resulting limits on $\sin^{2}2\theta_{14}$ are improved by approximately a factor of 2 over previous results and constitute the most stringent constraints to date in the $|\Delta m^{2}_{41}| \lesssim 0.2$ eV$^{2}$ region., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Published: 2016
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27. Limits on Active to Sterile Neutrino Oscillations from Disappearance Searches in the MINOS, Daya Bay, and Bugey-3 Experiments

Author: Bay, Daya, Collaborations, MINOS, Adamson, P., An, F. P., Anghel, I., Aurisano, A., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Barr, G., Bishai, M., Blake, A., Bock, S. Blyth G. J., Bogert, D., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Cao, S. V., Carroll, T. J., Castromonte, C. M., Cen, W. R., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, R., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, J. -H., Chen, Y. P., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Childress, S., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Coelho, J. A. B., Corwin, L., Cronin-Hennessy, D., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., De Rijck, S., Deng, Z. Y., Devan, A. V., Devenish, N. E., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Escobar, C. O., Evans, J. J., Falk, E., Feldman, G. J., Flanagan, W., Frohne, M. V., Gabrielyan, M., Gallagher, H. R., Germani, S., Gill, R., Gomes, R. A., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Goodman, M. C., Gouffon, P., Graf, N., Gran, R., Grassi, M., Grzelak, K., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, L., Guo, R. P., Guo, X. H., Guo, Z., Habig, A., Hackenburg, R. W., Hahn, S. R., Han, R., Hans, S., Hartnell, J., Hatcher, R., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Holin, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, J., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Hylen, J., Irwin, G. M., Isvan, Z., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., James, C., Jen, K. L., Jensen, D., Jetter, S., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., de Jong, J. K., Joshi, J., Kafka, T., Kang, L., Kasahara, S. M. S., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Koizumi, G., Kordosky, M., Kramer, M., Kreymer, A., Kwan, 1 K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Lang, K., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Link, J. J. Ling J. M., Litchfield, P. J., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Lucas, P., Luk, K. B., Lv, Z., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Mann, W. A., Marshak, M. L., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, Mayer, N., McDonald, K. T., McGivern, C., McKeown, R. D., Medeiros, M. M., Mehdiyev, R., Meier, J. R., Messier, M. D., Miller, W. H., Mishra, S. R., Mitchell, I., Mooney, M., Moore, C. D., Mualem, L., Musser, J., Nakajima, Y., Naples, D., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nelson, J. K., Newman, H. B., Ngai, H. Y., Nichol, R. J., Ning, Z., Nowak, A., O'Connor, J., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Orchanian, M., Pahlka, R. B., Paley, J., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patterson, R. B., Patton, S., Pawloski, G., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Perch, A., Pfutzner, M. M., Phan, D. D., Phan-Budd, S., Pinsky, L., Plunkett, R. K., Poonthottathil, N., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, X., Radovic, A., Raper, N., Rebel, B., Ren, J., Rosenfeld, C., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Rubin, H. A., Sail, P., Sanchez, M. C., Schneps, J., Schreckenberger, A., Schreiner, P., Sharma, R., Sher, S. Moed, Sousa, A., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tagg, N., Talaga, R. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Thomas, J., Thomson, M. A., Timmons, X. Tian A., Todd, J., Tognini, S. C., Toner, R., Torretta, D., Treskov, K., Tsang, K. V., Tull, C. E., Tzanakos, G., Urheim, J., Vahle, P., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Webb, R. C., Weber, A., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C., Whitehead, L. Whitehead L. H., Wise, T., Wojcicki, S. G., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, C. -H., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xu, J. Y., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye., M., Ye, Z., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, Z. Y., Zeng, S., Zhang, L. ZhanC., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y. B., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Searches for a light sterile neutrino have been performed independently by the MINOS and the Daya Bay experiments using the muon (anti)neutrino and electron antineutrino disappearance channels, respectively. In this Letter, results from both experiments are combined with those from the Bugey-3 reactor neutrino experiment to constrain oscillations into light sterile neutrinos. The three experiments are sensitive to complementary regions of parameter space, enabling the combined analysis to probe regions allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE experiments in a minimally extended four-neutrino flavor framework. Stringent limits on $\sin^2 2\theta_{\mu e}$ are set over 6 orders of magnitude in the sterile mass-squared splitting $\Delta m^2_{41}$. The sterile-neutrino mixing phase space allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE experiments is excluded for $\Delta m^2_{41} < 0.8$ eV$^2$ at 95% CL$_s$., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, published in Physical Review Letters. Data release found at http://www-numi.fnal.gov/PublicInfo/forscientists.html and at https://wiki.bnl.gov/dayabay/index.php?title=Daya_Bay%27s_Sterile_Neutrino_Results_in_2016
Published: 2016
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28. New measurement of $\theta_{13}$ via neutron capture on hydrogen at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay Collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Cen, W. R., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, J. H., Cheng, J. -H., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. P., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, L., Guo, R. P., Guo, X. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, R., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Joshi, J., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, J. J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Lv, Z., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Mooney, M., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ngai, H. Y., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Konstantin, T., Tsang, K. V., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, W. W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, C. -H., Wu, Q., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. Y., Xu, J. L., Xu, J., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, J., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye, M., Ye, Z., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, G. Y., Yu, Z. Y., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y. F., Zhao, Y. B., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: This article reports an improved independent measurement of neutrino mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ at the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment. Electron antineutrinos were identified by inverse $\beta$-decays with the emitted neutron captured by hydrogen, yielding a data-set with principally distinct uncertainties from that with neutrons captured by gadolinium. With the final two of eight antineutrino detectors installed, this study used 621 days of data including the previously reported 217-day data set with six detectors. The dominant statistical uncertainty was reduced by 49%. Intensive studies of the cosmogenic muon-induced $^9$Li and fast neutron backgrounds and the neutron-capture energy selection efficiency, resulted in a reduction of the systematic uncertainty by 26%. The deficit in the detected number of antineutrinos at the far detectors relative to the expected number based on the near detectors yielded $\sin^22\theta_{13} = 0.071 \pm 0.011$ in the three-neutrino-oscillation framework. The combination of this result with the gadolinium-capture result is also reported., Comment: 26 pages, 23 figures
Published: 2016
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29. A Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin scheme for hyperbolic conservation laws with discontinuous fluxes

Author: Qiao, Dian-liang, Zhang, Peng, Lin, Zhi-yang, Wong, S. C., and Choi, Keechoo
Subjects: Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract: The paper proposes a scheme by combining the Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method with a {\delta}-mapping algorithm for solving hyperbolic conservation laws with discontinuous fluxes. This hybrid scheme is particularly applied to nonlinear elasticity in heterogeneous media and multi-class traffic flow with inhomogeneous road conditions. Numerical examples indicate the scheme's efficiency in resolving complex waves of the two systems. Moreover, the discussion implies that the so-called {\delta}-mapping algorithm can also be combined with any other classical methods for solving similar problems in general., Comment: 15 pages
Published: 2015

30. JUNO Conceptual Design Report

Author: Adam, T., An, F., An, G., An, Q., Anfimov, N., Antonelli, V., Baccolo, G., Baldoncini, M., Baussan, E., Bellato, M., Bezrukov, L., Bick, D., Blyth, S., Boarin, S., Brigatti, A., Brugière, T., Brugnera, R., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Busto, J., Cabrera, A., Cai, H., Cai, X., Cammi, A., Cao, D., Cao, G., Cao, J., Chang, J., Chang, Y., Chen, M., Chen, P., Chen, Q., Chen, S., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, Y., Chiesa, D., Chukanov, A., Clemenza, M., Clerbaux, B., D'Angelo, D., de Kerret, H., Deng, Z., Ding, X., Ding, Y., Djurcic, Z., Dmitrievsky, S., Dolgareva, M., Dornic, D., Doroshkevich, E., Dracos, M., Drapier, O., Dusini, S., Díaz, M. A., Enqvist, T., Fan, D., Fang, C., Fang, J., Fang, X., Favart, L., Fedoseev, D., Fiorentini, G., Ford, R., Formozov, A., Gaigher, R., Gan, H., Garfagnini, A., Gaudiot, G., Genster, C., Giammarchi, M., Giuliani, F., Gonchar, M., Gong, G., Gong, H., Gonin, M., Gornushkin, Y., Grassi, M., Grewing, C., Gromov, V., Gu, M., Guan, M., Guarino, V., Guo, W., Guo, X., Guo, Y., Göger-Neff, M., Hackspacher, P., Hagner, C., Han, R., Han, Z., Hao, J., He, M., Hellgartner, D., Heng, Y., Hong, D., Hou, S., Hsiung, Y., Hu, B., Hu, J., Hu, S., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, H., Huang, X., Huo, L., Huo, W., Ioannisian, A., Ioannisyan, D., Jeitler, M., Jen, K., Jetter, S., Ji, X., Jian, S., Jiang, D., Jiang, X., Jollet, C., Kaiser, M., Kan, B., Kang, L., Karagounis, M., Kazarian, N., Kettell, S., Korablev, D., Krasnoperov, A., Krokhaleva, S., Krumshteyn, Z., Kruth, A., Kuusiniemi, P., Lachenmaier, T., Lei, L., Lei, R., Lei, X., Leitner, R., Lenz, F., Li, C., Li, F., Li, J., Li, N., Li, S., Li, T., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, H., Liang, J., Licciardi, M., Lin, G., Lin, S., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lippi, I., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, Q., Liu, S., Liu, Y., Lombardi, P., Long, Y., Lorenz, S., Lu, C., Lu, F., Lu, H., Lu, J., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lubsandorzhiev, S., Ludhova, L., Luo, F., Luo, S., Lv, Z., Lyashuk, V., Ma, Q., Ma, S., Ma, X., Malyshkin, Y., Mantovani, F., Mao, Y., Mari, S., Mayilyan, D., McDonough, W., Meng, G., Meregaglia, A., Meroni, E., Mezzetto, M., Min, J., Miramonti, L., Montuschi, M., Morozov, N., Mueller, T., Muralidharan, P., Nastasi, M., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nemchenok, I., Ning, Z., Nunokawa, H., Oberauer, L., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Ortica, F., Pan, H., Paoloni, A., Parkalian, N., Parmeggiano, S., Pec, V., Pelliccia, N., Peng, H., Poussot, P., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Prummer, S., Qi, F., Qi, M., Qian, S., Qian, X., Qiao, H., Qin, Z., Ranucci, G., Re, A., Ren, B., Ren, J., Rezinko, T., Ricci, B., Robens, M., Romani, A., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X., Rybnikov, A., Sadovsky, A., Saggese, P., Salamanna, G., Sawatzki, J., Schuler, J., Selyunin, A., Shi, G., Shi, J., Shi, Y., Sinev, V., Sirignano, C., Sisti, M., Smirnov, O., Soiron, M., Stahl, A., Stanco, L., Steinmann, J., Strati, V., Sun, G., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Taichenachev, D., Tang, J., Tietzsch, A., Tkachev, I., Trzaska, W. H., Tung, Y., van Waasen, S., Volpe, C., Vorobel, V., Votano, L., Wang, C., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, M., Wang, R., Wang, S., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Wei, W., Wei, Y., Weifels, M., Wen, L., Wen, Y., Wiebusch, C., Wipperfurth, S., Wong, S. C., Wonsak, B., Wu, C., Wu, Q., Wu, Z., Wurm, M., Wurtz, J., Xi, Y., Xia, D., Xia, J., Xiao, M., Xie, Y., Xu, J., Xu, L., Xu, Y., Yan, B., Yan, X., Yang, C., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M., Yang, Y., Yanovich, E., Yao, Y., Ye, M., Ye, X., Yegin, U., Yermia, F., You, Z., Yu, B., Yu, C., Yu, G., Yu, Z., Yuan, Y., Yuan, Z., Zanetti, M., Zeng, P., Zeng, S., Zeng, T., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, G., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, K., Zhang, P., Zhang, Q., Zhang, T., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhao, T., Zhao, Y., Zheng, H., Zheng, M., Zheng, X., Zheng, Y., Zhong, W., Zhou, G., Zhou, J., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhou, R., Zhou, S., Zhou, W., Zhou, X., Zhou, Y., Zhu, H., Zhu, K., Zhuang, H., Zong, L., and Zou, J.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is proposed to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy using an underground liquid scintillator detector. It is located 53 km away from both Yangjiang and Taishan Nuclear Power Plants in Guangdong, China. The experimental hall, spanning more than 50 meters, is under a granite mountain of over 700 m overburden. Within six years of running, the detection of reactor antineutrinos can resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy at a confidence level of 3-4$\sigma$, and determine neutrino oscillation parameters $\sin^2\theta_{12}$, $\Delta m^2_{21}$, and $|\Delta m^2_{ee}|$ to an accuracy of better than 1%. The JUNO detector can be also used to study terrestrial and extra-terrestrial neutrinos and new physics beyond the Standard Model. The central detector contains 20,000 tons liquid scintillator with an acrylic sphere of 35 m in diameter. $\sim$17,000 508-mm diameter PMTs with high quantum efficiency provide $\sim$75% optical coverage. The current choice of the liquid scintillator is: linear alkyl benzene (LAB) as the solvent, plus PPO as the scintillation fluor and a wavelength-shifter (Bis-MSB). The number of detected photoelectrons per MeV is larger than 1,100 and the energy resolution is expected to be 3% at 1 MeV. The calibration system is designed to deploy multiple sources to cover the entire energy range of reactor antineutrinos, and to achieve a full-volume position coverage inside the detector. The veto system is used for muon detection, muon induced background study and reduction. It consists of a Water Cherenkov detector and a Top Tracker system. The readout system, the detector control system and the offline system insure efficient and stable data acquisition and processing., Comment: 328 pages, 211 figures
Published: 2015

31. Measurement of the Reactor Antineutrino Flux and Spectrum at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay Collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Butorov, I., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Cen, W. R., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, J. H., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. P., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dove, J., Draeger, E., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Ely, S. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, R., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, L. M., Hu, L. J., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, K. Y., Leung, J. K. C., Lewis, C. A., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, P. Y., Lin, S. K., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, H., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Liu, S. S., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Mitchell, I., Kebwaro, J. Monari, Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ngai, H. Y., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevski, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Piilonen, L. E., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, B., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Shao, B. B., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Tsang, K. V., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, W. W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xia, X., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. Y., Xu, J. L., Xu, J., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, J., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, G. Y., Yu, Z. Y., Zang, S. L., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y. F., Zhao, Y. B., Zheng, L., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: This Letter reports a measurement of the flux and energy spectrum of electron antineutrinos from six 2.9~GW$_{th}$ nuclear reactors with six detectors deployed in two near (effective baselines 512~m and 561~m) and one far (1,579~m) underground experimental halls in the Daya Bay experiment. Using 217 days of data, 296,721 and 41,589 inverse beta decay (IBD) candidates were detected in the near and far halls, respectively. The measured IBD yield is (1.55 $\pm$ 0.04) $\times$ 10$^{-18}$~cm$^2$/GW/day or (5.92 $\pm$ 0.14) $\times$ 10$^{-43}$~cm$^2$/fission. This flux measurement is consistent with previous short-baseline reactor antineutrino experiments and is $0.946\pm0.022$ ($0.991\pm0.023$) relative to the flux predicted with the Huber+Mueller (ILL+Vogel) fissile antineutrino model. The measured IBD positron energy spectrum deviates from both spectral predictions by more than 2$\sigma$ over the full energy range with a local significance of up to $\sim$4$\sigma$ between 4-6 MeV. A reactor antineutrino spectrum of IBD reactions is extracted from the measured positron energy spectrum for model-independent predictions.
Published: 2015
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32. The Detector System of The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment

Author: An, F. P., Bai, J. Z., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Beavis, D., Beriguete, W., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Brown, R. L., Butorov, I., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Carr, R., Cen, W. R., Chan, W. T., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chasman, C., Chen, H. Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, M. J., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. J., Chen, S. M., Chen, X. C., Chen, X. H., Chen, X. S., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, J. H., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. P., Cherwinka, J. J., Chidzik, S., Chow, K., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dong, L., Dove, J., Draeger, E., Du, X. F., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Ely, S. R., Fang, S. D., Fu, J. Y., Fu, Z. W., Ge, L. Q., Ghazikhanian, V., Gill, R., Goett, J., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gornushkin, Y. A., Grassi, M., Greenler, L. S., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, R. P., Guo, X. H., Hackenburg, R. W., Hahn, R. L., Han, R., Hans, S., He, M., He, Q., He, W. S., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hinrichs, P., Ho, T. H., Hoff, M., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, L. M., Hu, L. J., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. Z., Huang, H. X., Huang, P. W., Huang, X., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Hussain, G., Isvan, Z., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiang, H. J., Jiang, W. Q., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Joseph, J., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Lai, C. Y., Lai, W. C., Lai, W. H., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, M. K. P., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Leung, K. Y., Lewis, C. A., Li, B., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, J., Li, N. Y., Li, Q. J., Li, S. F., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. B., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Liang, J., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, P. Y., Lin, S. X., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, B. J., Liu, C., Liu, D. W., Liu, H., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Liu, S., Liu, S. S., Liu, X., Liu, Y. B., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, A., Luk, K. B., Luo, T., Luo, X. L., Ma, L. H., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., Mayes, B., McDonald, K. T., McFarlane, M. C., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Mitchell, I., Mohapatra, D., Kebwaro, J. Monari, Morgan, J. E., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Newsom, C., Ngai, H. Y., Ngai, W. K., Nie, Y. B., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pagac, A., Pan, H. -R., Patton, S., Pearson, C., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Piilonen, L. E., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, B., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Sands III, W. R., Seilhan, B., Shao, B. B., Shih, K., Song, W. Y., Steiner, H., Stoler, P., Stuart, M., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tagg, N., Tam, Y. H., Tanaka, H. K., Tang, W., Tang, X., Taychenachev, D., Themann, H., Torun, Y., Trentalange, S., Tsai, O., Tsang, K. V., Tsang, R. H. M., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Virostek, S., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, L. S., Wang, L. Y., Wang, L. Z., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, T., Wang, W., Wang, W. W., Wang, X. T., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Webber, D. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, Y. D., Wen, L. J., Wenman, D. L., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Whitten Jr., C. A., Wilhelmi, J., Wise, T., Wong, H. C., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, J., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, F. F., Wu, Q., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xiang, S. T., Xiao, Q., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, G., Xu, J. Y., Xu, J. L., Xu, J., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, J., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Yeh, Y. S., Yip, K., Young, B. L., Yu, G. Y., Yu, Z. Y., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. H., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, K., Zhang, Q. X., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, S. H., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. C., Zhang, Y. H., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y. F., Zhao, Y. B., Zheng, L., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhou, Z. Y., Zhuang, H. L., Zimmerman, S., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Daya Bay experiment was the first to report simultaneous measurements of reactor antineutrinos at multiple baselines leading to the discovery of $\bar{\nu}_e$ oscillations over km-baselines. Subsequent data has provided the world's most precise measurement of $\rm{sin}^22\theta_{13}$ and the effective mass splitting $\Delta m_{ee}^2$. The experiment is located in Daya Bay, China where the cluster of six nuclear reactors is among the world's most prolific sources of electron antineutrinos. Multiple antineutrino detectors are deployed in three underground water pools at different distances from the reactor cores to search for deviations in the antineutrino rate and energy spectrum due to neutrino mixing. Instrumented with photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), the water pools serve as shielding against natural radioactivity from the surrounding rock and provide efficient muon tagging. Arrays of resistive plate chambers over the top of each pool provide additional muon detection. The antineutrino detectors were specifically designed for measurements of the antineutrino flux with minimal systematic uncertainty. Relative detector efficiencies between the near and far detectors are known to better than 0.2%. With the unblinding of the final two detectors' baselines and target masses, a complete description and comparison of the eight antineutrino detectors can now be presented. This paper describes the Daya Bay detector systems, consisting of eight antineutrino detectors in three instrumented water pools in three underground halls, and their operation through the first year of eight detector data-taking., Comment: 52 pages, 51 figures
Published: 2015
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33. A new measurement of antineutrino oscillation with the full detector configuration at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay Collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Butorov, I., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Cen, W. R., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, J. H., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y. P., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, X. F., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Draeger, E., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Ely, S. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, R., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, L. M., Hu, L. J., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, A., Leung, J. K. C., Lewis, C. A., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, P. Y., Lin, S. K., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, H., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Liu, S. S., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Mitchell, I., Kebwaro, J. Monari, Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ngai, H. Y., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevski, A., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Piilonen, L. E., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, B., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Shao, B. B., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Themann, H., Tsang, K. V., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, W. W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xia, X., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. Y., Xu, J. L., Xu, J., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, J., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Yeh, Y. S., Young, B. L., Yu, G. Y., Yu, Z. Y., Zang, S. L., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y. F., Zhao, Y. B., Zheng, L., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, N., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We report a new measurement of electron antineutrino disappearance using the fully-constructed Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment. The final two of eight antineutrino detectors were installed in the summer of 2012. Including the 404 days of data collected from October 2012 to November 2013 resulted in a total exposure of 6.9$\times$10$^5$ GW$_{\rm th}$-ton-days, a 3.6 times increase over our previous results. Improvements in energy calibration limited variations between detectors to 0.2%. Removal of six $^{241}$Am-$^{13}$C radioactive calibration sources reduced the background by a factor of two for the detectors in the experimental hall furthest from the reactors. Direct prediction of the antineutrino signal in the far detectors based on the measurements in the near detectors explicitly minimized the dependence of the measurement on models of reactor antineutrino emission. The uncertainties in our estimates of $\sin^{2}2\theta_{13}$ and $|\Delta m^2_{ee}|$ were halved as a result of these improvements. Analysis of the relative antineutrino rates and energy spectra between detectors gave $\sin^{2}2\theta_{13} = 0.084\pm0.005$ and $|\Delta m^{2}_{ee}|= (2.42\pm0.11) \times 10^{-3}$ eV$^2$ in the three-neutrino framework., Comment: Updated to match final published version
Published: 2015
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34. Reporting of paediatric osteoporotic vertebral fractures in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and potential impact on clinical management: the need for standardised and structured reporting

Author: Martin, H., primary, Henderson, A., additional, Allen, R., additional, Childs, A. M., additional, Dunne, J., additional, Horrocks, I., additional, Joseph, S., additional, Kraft, J. K., additional, Ward, K., additional, Mushtaq, T., additional, Mason, A., additional, Kyriakou, A., additional, and Wong, S. C., additional
Published: 2023
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35. Search for a Light Sterile Neutrino at Daya Bay

Author: An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Beriguete, W., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Butorov, I., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chasman, C., Chen, H., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, X., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, Y. P., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Draeger, E., Du, X. F., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Ely, S. R., Fu, J. Y., Ge, L. Q., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, X. H., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, G. H., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Hinrichs, P., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, L. M., Hu, L. J., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Hussain, G., Isvan, Z., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiang, H. J., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Lai, W. C., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, A., Leung, J. K. C., Lewis, C. A., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, P. Y., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, H., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Liu, S. S., Liu, Y. B., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Luk, K. B., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., McDonald, K. T., McFarlane, M. C., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Mitchell, I., Kebwaro, J. Monari, Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nemchenok, I., Ngai, H. Y., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevski, A., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Piilonen, L. E., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, B., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Shao, B. B., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tam, Y. H., Tang, X., Themann, H., Tsang, K. V., Tsang, R. H. M., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, L. S., Wang, L. Y., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, W. W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Webber, D. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, Y. D., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xia, X., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. Y., Xu, J. L., Xu, J., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, J., Yang, C. C., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Yeh, Y. S., Young, B. L., Yu, G. Y., Yu, J. Y., Yu, Z. Y., Zang, S. L., Zeng, B., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, Q., Zhang, S. H., Zhang, Y. C., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. H., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Y. B., Zheng, L., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, Z. Y., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for light sterile neutrino mixing was performed with the first 217 days of data from the Daya Bay Reactor Antineutrino Experiment. The experiment's unique configuration of multiple baselines from six 2.9~GW$_{\rm th}$ nuclear reactors to six antineutrino detectors deployed in two near (effective baselines 512~m and 561~m) and one far (1579~m) underground experimental halls makes it possible to test for oscillations to a fourth (sterile) neutrino in the $10^{\rm -3}~{\rm eV}^{2} < |\Delta m_{41}^{2}| < 0.3~{\rm eV}^{2}$ range. The relative spectral distortion due to electron antineutrino disappearance was found to be consistent with that of the three-flavor oscillation model. The derived limits on $\sin^22\theta_{14}$ cover the $10^{-3}~{\rm eV}^{2} \lesssim |\Delta m^{2}_{41}| \lesssim 0.1~{\rm eV}^{2}$ region, which was largely unexplored., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2014
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36. Independent Measurement of Theta13 via Neutron Capture on Hydrogen at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay Collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Beriguete, W., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Butorov, I., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, L. C., Chang, Y., Chasman, C., Chen, H., Chen, Q. Y., Chen, S. M., Chen, X., Chen, Y. X., Chen, Y., Cheng, Y. P., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Draeger, E., Du, X. F., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Ely, S. R., Fu, J. Y., Ge, L. Q., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, X. H., Hackenburg, R. W., Han, G. H., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Hinrichs, P., Hor, Y. K., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, L. M., Hu, L. J., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Hussain, G., Isvan, Z., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jen, K. L., Jetter, S., Ji, X. P., Ji, X. L., Jiang, H. J., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Lai, W. C., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, A., Leung, J. K. C., Lewis, C. A., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, P. Y., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, H., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. C., Liu, S. S., Liu, Y. B., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Luk, K. -B., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. Y., Ma, X. B., Ma, Y. Q., McDonald, K. T., McFarlane, M. C., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Mitchell, I., Kebwaro, J. Monari, Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nemchenok, I., Ngai, H. Y., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevski, A., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Piilonen, L. E., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, B., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Shao, B. B., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tam, Y. H., Tang, X., Themann, H., Tsang, K. V., Tsang, R. H. M., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, L. S., Wang, L. Y., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, W. W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Webber, D. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, Y. D., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xia, X., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. Y., Xu, J. L., Xu, J., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, J., Yang, C. C., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Yeh, Y. S., Young, B. L., Yu, G. Y., Yu, J. Y., Yu, Z. Y., Zang, S. L., Zeng, B., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, Q., Zhang, S. H., Zhang, Y. C., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. H., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Y. B., Zheng, L., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, Z. Y., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: A new measurement of the $\theta_{13}$ mixing angle has been obtained at the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment via the detection of inverse beta decays tagged by neutron capture on hydrogen. The antineutrino events for hydrogen capture are distinct from those for gadolinium capture with largely different systematic uncertainties, allowing a determination independent of the gadolinium-capture result and an improvement on the precision of $\theta_{13}$ measurement. With a 217-day antineutrino data set obtained with six antineutrino detectors and from six 2.9 GW$_{th}$ reactors, the rate deficit observed at the far hall is interpreted as $\sin^22\theta_{13}=0.083\pm0.018$ in the three-flavor oscillation model. When combined with the gadolinium-capture result from Daya Bay, we obtain $\sin^22\theta_{13}=0.089\pm0.008$ as the final result for the six-antineutrino-detector configuration of the Daya Bay experiment.
Published: 2014
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37. Spectral measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation amplitude and frequency at Daya Bay

Author: Daya Bay Collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Beriguete, W., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Brown, R. L., Butorov, I., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Carr, R., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chasman, C., Chen, H. S., Chen, H. Y., Chen, S. J., Chen, S. M., Chen, X. C., Chen, X. H., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, Y. P., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Cummings, J. P., de Arcos, J., Deng, Z. Y., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Draeger, E., Du, X. F., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Ely, S. R., Fu, J. Y., Ge, L. Q., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gornushkin, Y. A., Gu, W. Q., Guan, M. Y., Guo, X. H., Hackenburg, R. W., Hahn, R. L., Han, G. H., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Hinrichs, P., Hor, yk., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, L. J., Hu, L. M., Hu, T., Hu, W., Huang, E. C., Huang, H. X., Huang, H. Z., Huang, X. T., Huber, P., Hussain, G., Isvan, Z., Jaffe, D. E., Jaffke, P., Jetter, S., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Jiang, H. J., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Kramer, M., Kwan, K. K., Kwok, M. W., Kwok, T., Lai, W. C., Lai, W. H., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, A., Leung, J. K. C., Lewis, C. A., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, D. W., Liu, H., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, S. S., Liu, Y. B., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Luk, K. B., Ma, Q. M., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., McDonald, K. T., McFarlane, M. C., McKeown, R. D., Meng, Y., Mitchell, I., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Nemchenok, I., Ngai, H. Y., Ngai, W. K., Ning, Z., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevski, A., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Piilonen, L. E., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Raper, N., Ren, B., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Shao, B. B., Steiner, H., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. L., Tam, Y. H., Tanaka, H. K., Tang, X., Themann, H., Trentalange, S., Tsai, O., Tsang, K. V., Tsang, R. H. M., Tull, C. E., Tung, Y. C., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, L. S., Wang, L. Y., Wang, L. Z., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, W. W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Webber, D. M., Wei, H., Wei, Y. D., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Whitehead, L., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xia, X., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J., Xu, J. L., Xu, J. Y., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, J., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Yeh, Y. S., Young, B. L., Yu, G. Y., Yu, J. Y., Yu, Z. Y., Zang, S. L., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, F. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, S. H., Zhang, Y. C., Zhang, Y. H., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, Y. B., Zheng, L., Zhong, W. L., Zhou, L., Zhou, Z. Y., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: A measurement of the energy dependence of antineutrino disappearance at the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment is reported. Electron antineutrinos ($\overline{\nu}_{e}$) from six $2.9$ GW$_{\rm th}$ reactors were detected with six detectors deployed in two near (effective baselines 512 m and 561 m) and one far (1579 m) underground experimental halls. Using 217 days of data, 41589 (203809 and 92912) antineutrino candidates were detected in the far hall (near halls). An improved measurement of the oscillation amplitude $\sin^{2}2\theta_{13} = 0.090^{+0.008}_{-0.009} $ and the first direct measurement of the $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ mass-squared difference $|\Delta m^{2}_{ee}|= (2.59_{-0.20}^{+0.19}) \times 10^{-3}\ {\rm eV}^2 $ is obtained using the observed $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ rates and energy spectra in a three-neutrino framework. This value of $|\Delta m^{2}_{ee}|$ is consistent with $|\Delta m^{2}_{\mu\mu}|$ measured by muon neutrino disappearance, supporting the three-flavor oscillation model., Comment: As accepted for publication by Phys. Rev. Lett. including ancillary table
Published: 2013
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38. A Predictive Continuum Dynamic User-Optimal Model for the Simultaneous Departure Time and Route Choice Problem in a Polycentric City

Author: Lin, Zhi-Yang, Wong, S. C., Zhang, Peng, and Choi, Keechoo
Published: 2018

39. Steady-state traffic flow on a ring road with up- and down- slopes

Author: Wu, Chun-Xiu, Zhang, Peng, Wong, S. C., and Choi, Keechoo
Subjects: Mathematical Physics
Abstract: This paper studies steady-state traffic flow on a ring road with up- and down- slopes using a semi-discrete model. By exploiting the relations between the semi-discrete and the continuum models, a steady-state solution is uniquely determined for a given total number of vehicles on the ring road. The solution is exact and always stable with respect to the first-order continuum model, whereas it is a good approximation with respect to the semi-discrete model provided that the involved equilibrium constant states are linearly stable. In an otherwise case, the instability of one or more equilibria could trigger stop-and-go waves propagating in certain road sections or throughout the ring road. The indicated results are reasonable and thus physically significant for a better understanding of real traffic flow on an inhomogeneous road.
Published: 2013
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40. Bicycle Flow Dynamics of Cyclist Loading and Unloading Processes at Bottlenecks.

Author: Guo, Ning, Wong, Wai, Jiang, Rui, Wong, S. C., Hao, Qing-Yi, and Wu, Chao-Yun
Subjects: CYCLING, LOADING & unloading, CYCLISTS, CHOICE of transportation, CITIES & towns, BICYCLES
Abstract: Cycling has emerged as one of the most important green transport modes in recent years, with cities increasingly prioritizing cycling in their sustainable policy agenda. However, the associated traffic dynamics, especially the evolution of bicycle flow at bottlenecks, have not been extensively studied. In this study, real-world experiments were conducted to investigate the dynamics of bicycle flow at bottlenecks under various cycling demands generated by the cyclist unloading and loading processes. Upon the activation of the bottleneck, its capacity remained largely constant. For the same physical system, the bottleneck capacity of the cyclist loading process exceeded that of the unloading process, indicating the occurrence of capacity drop and hysteresis. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the capacity drop was attributable to the difference in speeds of the two processes for the same cycling demands after the bottleneck activation. These findings could potentially be explained by behavioral inertia. Further analysis revealed that, compared with the unloading process, the cyclist loading process was associated with higher cycling speeds owing to the higher overtaking rates. The outcomes of this study can advance our understanding of the physics of bicycle flow dynamics and provide valuable insights for transport planning professionals involved in facility planning and control of existing networks. Funding: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71931002 and 72288101], the University of Hong Kong [Francis S Y Bong Professorship to S. C. Wong], the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory Program of the 2020 Guangdong New Innovative Strategic Research Fund, Guangdong Science and Technology Department [Grant 2020B1212030009], and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Grant JZ2023YQTD0073]. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.0193. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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41. Uncertainty Estimation of Connected Vehicle Penetration Rate

Author: Jia, Shaocheng, primary, Wong, S. C., additional, and Wong, Wai, additional
Published: 2023
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42. Bilevel optimization of a housing allocation and traffic emission problem in a predictive dynamic continuum transportation system

Author: Yang, Liangze, primary, Wong, S. C., additional, Ho, H. W., additional, Shu, Chi‐Wang, additional, and Zhang, Mengping, additional
Published: 2023
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43. Higher-Order Traffic Flow Model Extended to Road Networks

Author: Lin, Zhiyang, primary, Wong, S. C., additional, Zhang, Xiaoning, additional, and Zhang, Peng, additional
Published: 2023
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44. Turning traffic surveillance cameras into intelligent sensors for traffic density estimation.

Author: Hu, Zijian, Lam, William H. K., Wong, S. C., Chow, Andy H. F., and Ma, Wei
Subjects: TRAFFIC cameras, TRAFFIC density, TRAFFIC estimation, VEHICLE detectors, INTELLIGENT sensors, VIDEO surveillance, INTELLIGENT transportation systems
Abstract: Accurate traffic density plays a pivotal role in the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The current practice to obtain the traffic density is through specialized sensors. However, those sensors are placed in limited locations due to the cost of installation and maintenance. In most metropolitan areas, traffic surveillance cameras are widespread in road networks, and they are the potential data sources for estimating traffic density in the whole city. Unfortunately, such an application is challenging since surveillance cameras are affected by the 4L characteristics: Low frame rate, Low resolution, Lack of annotated data, and Located in complex road environments. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of holistic frameworks for estimating traffic density from traffic surveillance camera data with 4 L characteristics. Therefore, we propose a framework for estimating traffic density using uncalibrated traffic surveillance cameras. The proposed framework consists of two major components: camera calibration and vehicle detection. The camera calibration method estimates the actual length between pixels in the images and videos, and the vehicle counts are extracted from the deep-learning-based vehicle detection method. Combining the two components, high-granular traffic density can be estimated. To validate the proposed framework, two case studies were conducted in Hong Kong and Sacramento. The results show that the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) for the estimated traffic density is 9.04 veh/km/lane in Hong Kong and 7.03 veh/km/lane in Sacramento. The research outcomes can provide accurate traffic density without installing additional sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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45. Tree Leaf Form in Brunei: A Heath Forest and a Mixed Dipterocarp Forest Compared

Author: Turner, I. M., Lucas, P. W., Becker, P., Wong, S. C., Yong, J. W. H., Choong, M. F., and Tyree, M. T.
Published: 2000

46. Physically Bounded Solution for a Conserved Higher-Order Traffic Flow Model

Author: Lin, Zhi-Yang, Zhang, Peng, Dong, Li-Yun, Wong, S. C., Choi, Keechoo, Chraibi, Mohcine, editor, Boltes, Maik, editor, Schadschneider, Andreas, editor, and Seyfried, Armin, editor
Published: 2015
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47. Comparison of adhesive single-lead cardiac ECG patch device with Holter monitoring for detecting atrial fibrillation after an acute cerebral ischemic event: An interim analysis

Author: Foo, D H P, primary, Law, W C, additional, Wong, S C, additional, Tay, J S, additional, Ng, B H S, additional, Chunggat, J, additional, Yeo, J J P, additional, Jong, R H C, additional, Sulaiman, M N A, additional, Igo, M, additional, Gan, K X, additional, Then, L Y Y, additional, Ho, K H, additional, Koh, K T, additional, and Fong, A Y Y, additional
Published: 2023
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48. On the existence and uniqueness properties of the Hoogendoorn–Bovy pedestrian flow model

Author: Yang, Liangze, Shu, Chi-Wang, Wong, S. C., Zhang, Mengping, and Du, Jie
Abstract: This study addresses the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the Hoogendoorn–Bovy (HB) pedestrian flow model, which describes the dynamic user-optimal pedestrian flow assignment problem in continuous space and time. The HB model consists of a forward conservation law (CL) equation that governs density and a backward Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation that contains a maximum admissible speed constraint (MASC), in which the flow direction is determined by the path-choice strategy. The existence and uniqueness of solutions are significantly more difficult to determine when the HJB equation contains an MASC; however, we prove that the HB model can be formulated as a forward CL equation and backward Hamilton–Jacobi (HJ) equation in which the MASC is non-binding if suitable model parameters are selected. This model is formulated as a fixed-point problem upon the simultaneous satisfaction of both equations. To verify the existence and uniqueness results, we first demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of the solutions to the CL and HJ equations, and then show that the coupled HB model is well-posed and has a unique solution. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the properties of the HB model.
Published: 2023
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49. Non-invasive Potential Circulating mRNA Markers for Colorectal Adenoma Using Targeted Sequencing

Author: Xue, Vivian W., Cheung, Moon T., Chan, Pak T., Luk, Lewis L. Y., Lee, Vivian H., Au, Thomas C., Yu, Allen C., Cho, William C. S., Tsang, Hin Fung Andy, Chan, Amanda K., and Wong, S. C. Cesar
Published: 2019
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50. A dynamically bi‐orthogonal solution method for a stochastic Lighthill‐Whitham‐Richards traffic flow model.

Author: Fan, Tianxiang, Wong, S. C., Zhang, Zhiwen, and Du, Jie
Subjects: *TRAFFIC flow, *STOCHASTIC partial differential equations, *TRAFFIC estimation, *TRAFFIC engineering, *TRAFFIC density, *CONSERVATION laws (Mathematics), *TRAFFIC regulations
Abstract: Macroscopic traffic flow modeling is essential for describing and forecasting the characteristics of traffic flow. However, the classic Lighthill–Whitham–Richards (LWR) model only provides equilibrium values for steady‐state conditions and fails to capture common stochastic variabilities, which are a necessary component of accurate modeling of real‐time traffic management and control. In this paper, a stochastic LWR (SLWR) model that randomizes free‐flow speed is developed to account for the stochasticity incurred by the heterogeneity of drivers, while holding individual drivers' behavior constant. The SLWR model follows a conservation law of stochastic traffic density and flow and is formulated as a time‐dependent stochastic partial differential equation. The model is solved using a dynamically bi‐orthogonal (DyBO) method based on a spatial basis and stochastic basis. Various scenarios are simulated and compared with the Monte Carlo (MC) method, and the results show that the SLWR model can effectively describe dynamic traffic evolutions and reproduce some commonly observed traffic phenomena. Furthermore, the DyBO method shows significant computational advantages over the MC method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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