299 results on '"Won Seok Yang"'
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2. Assessment of the viability of integrating virtual reality programs in practical tests for the Korean Radiological Technologists Licensing Examination: a survey study
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Hye Min Park, Eun Seong Kim, Deok Mun Kwon, Pyong Kon Cho, Seoung Hwan Kim, Ki Baek Lee, Seong Hu Kim, Moon Il Bong, Won Seok Yang, Jin Eui Kim, Gi Bong Kang, Yong Su Yoon, and Jung Su Kim
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virtual reality ,augmented reality ,mixed reality ,radiologic technologist ,qualify examination ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of incorporating virtual reality/augmented reality (VR/AR) programs into practical tests administered as part of the Korean Radiological Technologists Licensing Examination (KRTLE). This evaluation is grounded in a comprehensive survey that targeted enrolled students in departments of radiology across the nation. Methods In total, 682 students from radiology departments across the nation were participants in the survey. An online survey platform was used, and the questionnaire was structured into 5 distinct sections and 27 questions. A frequency analysis for each section of the survey was conducted using IBM SPSS ver. 27.0. Results Direct or indirect exposure to VR/AR content was reported by 67.7% of all respondents. Furthermore, 55.4% of the respondents expressed that VR/AR could be integrated into their classes, which signified a widespread acknowledgment of VR among the students. With regards to the integration of a VR/AR or mixed reality program into the practical tests for purposes of the KRTLE, a substantial amount of the respondents (57.3%) exhibited a positive inclination and recommended its introduction. Conclusion The application of VR/AR programs within practical tests of the KRTLE will be used as an alternative for evaluating clinical examination procedures and validating job skills.
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- 2023
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3. Effect of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on children’s visits to the emergency department
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Hong Min Kim, Sang Ook Ha, Won Seok Yang, Young Sun Park, and Jin Hyouk Kim
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child ,coronavirus ,emergency service, hospital ,health resources ,population characteristics ,Medicine - Abstract
Purpose In the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, it is essential to supplement the changes in visiting patterns of individual emergency departments (EDs) to determine how to allocate emergency medicine resources. We compared the clinical features of children visiting the ED before and during the pandemic. Methods Children younger than 18 years who visited the ED from February 2019 through December 2020, except January 2020, were enrolled, and divided into those who visited before and after January 2020 (the pre-pandemic and pandemic groups, respectively). We compared the 2 groups in terms of the baseline characteristics (age, sex, mode and route of arrival, cause of visit, and time of visit), chief complaint, ED diagnosis, initial acuity and its accuracy, and ED outcomes (length of stay and disposition). Results The 31,036 children were categorized into the pre-pandemic (21,027 [67.8%]) and pandemic (10,009 [32.2%]) groups with a 52.4% decrease in the number of visits to the ED in the latter group. This decrease was more prominent in age 2-5 years (from 37.3% to 33.2%; P < 0.001), fever as a chief complaint (from 27.8% to 16.5%), diagnoses related to infection or the respiratory system (from 36.8% to 14.3%) or transfer to the ED (from 8.1% to 6.4%; P < 0.001). In contrast, increases were noted in age 12-17 years (from 14.9% to 17.4%; P < 0.001), injury (from 36.5% to 52.5%; P < 0.001), visits in the evening (from 54.9% to 57.4%; P < 0.001), length of stay longer than 6 hours (from 3.5% to 6.3%; P = 0.033), and low acuity (from 97.8% to 98.2%; P = 0.031). Conclusion The pandemic has brought about changes in visiting patterns of the ED. This study may help prepare strategies for the appropriate allocation and deployment of emergency medicine resources in the pandemic era.
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- 2022
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4. RSK1 and RSK2 serine/threonine kinases regulate different transcription programs in cancer
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Won Seok Yang, Maisel J. Caliva, Vedbar S. Khadka, Maarit Tiirikainen, Michelle L. Matter, Youping Deng, and Joe W. Ramos
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RSK ,transcription ,microarray ,cell cycle ,immune response ,kinase ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) are serine threonine kinases comprising four isoforms. The isoforms can have overlapping functions in regulation of migration, invasion, proliferation, survival, and transcription in various cancer types. However, isoform specific differences in RSK1 versus RSK2 functions in gene regulation are not yet defined. Here, we delineate ribosomal S6 kinases isoform-specific transcriptional gene regulation by comparing transcription programs in RSK1 and RSK2 knockout cells using microarray analysis. Microarray analysis revealed significantly different mRNA expression patterns between RSK1 knockout and RSK2 knockout cell lines. Importantly some of these functions have not been previously recognized. Our analysis revealed RSK1 has specific roles in cell adhesion, cell cycle regulation and DNA replication and repair pathways, while RSK2 has specific roles in the immune response and interferon signaling pathways. We further validated that the identified gene sets significantly correlated with mRNA datasets from cancer patients. We examined the functional significance of the identified transcriptional programs using cell assays. In alignment with the microarray analysis, we found that RSK1 modulates the mRNA and protein expression of Fibronectin1, affecting cell adhesion and CDK2, affecting S-phase arrest in the cell cycle, and impairing DNA replication and repair. Under similar conditions, RSK2 showed increased ISG15 transcriptional expression, affecting the immune response pathway and cytokine expression. Collectively, our findings revealed the occurrence of RSK1 and RSK2 specific transcriptional regulation, defining separate functions of these closely related isoforms.
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- 2023
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5. Validation and modification of HEART score components for patients with chest pain in the emergency department
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Min Jae Kim, Sang Ook Ha, Young Sun Park, Jeong Hyeon Yi, Won Seok Yang, and Jin Hyuck Kim
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chest pain ,emergency service, hospital ,adverse effects ,prognosis ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
Objective This study aimed to clarify the relative prognostic value of each History, Electrocardiography, Age, Risk Factors, and Troponin (HEART) score component for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) within 3 months and validate the modified HEART (mHEART) score. Methods This study evaluated the HEART score components for patients with chest symptoms visiting the emergency department from November 19, 2018 to November 19, 2019. All components were evaluated using logistic regression analysis and the scores for HEART, mHEART, and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) were determined using the receiver operating characteristics curve. Results The patients were divided into a derivation (809 patients) and a validation group (298 patients). In multivariate analysis, age did not show statistical significance in the detection of MACE within 3 months and the mHEART score was calculated after omitting the age component. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves for HEART, mHEART and TIMI scores in the prediction of MACE within 3 months were 0.88, 0.91, and 0.83, respectively, in the derivation group; and 0.88, 0.91, and 0.81, respectively, in the validation group. When the cutoff value for each scoring system was determined for the maintenance of a negative predictive value for a MACE rate >99%, the mHEART score showed the highest sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (97.4%, 54.2%, 23.7%, and 99.3%, respectively). Conclusion Our study showed that the mHEART score better detects short-term MACE in high-risk patients and ensures the safe disposition of low-risk patients than the HEART and TIMI scores.
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- 2021
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6. Automated urine sediment analyzers underestimate the severity of hematuria in glomerular diseases
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Won Seok Yang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Hematuria, either glomerular or extraglomerular, is defined as 3 or more red blood cells (RBCs)/high power field. Currently, urinalyses are commonly performed using automated urine sediment analyzers. To assess whether RBC counting by automated urine sediment analyzers is reliable for defining hematuria in glomerular disease, random specimen urinalyses of men with nephritic glomerular disease (7674 urinalyses) and bladder cancer (12,510 urinalyses) were retrospectively reviewed. Urine RBCs were counted by an automated urine sediment analyzer based on flow cytometry (UF-1000i, Sysmex Corporation) or digital image analysis (Cobas 6500, Roche Diagnostics GmbH). In about 20% of urine specimens, the specific gravity was less than 1.010, making the RBC counts unreliable. In the urine specimens with specific gravity ≥ 1.010, RBC counts measured using either UF-1000i or Cobas 6500 were well correlated with the positive grades in the dipstick blood test. However, at a trace, 1+, or higher positive dipstick tests for blood, RBC counts were graded significantly lower in glomerular disease than in bladder cancer. The findings suggest that RBC counting by UF-1000i or Cobas 6500 underestimates the severity of hematuria in glomerular disease, possibly because dysmorphic RBCs in glomerular disease are susceptible to hemolysis and/or fail to be properly recognized.
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- 2021
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7. Proteomics analysis identifies PEA-15 as an endosomal phosphoprotein that regulates α5β1 integrin endocytosis
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Maisel J. Caliva, Won Seok Yang, Shirley Young-Robbins, Ming Zhou, Hana Yoon, Michelle L. Matter, Mark L. Grimes, Thomas Conrads, and Joe William Ramos
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Endosomal trafficking of cell surface receptors is essential to their function. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that integrate adhesion to the extracellular matrix with engagement of the cytoskeleton. Ligated integrins mediate diverse signals that regulate matrix assembly, cell survival, cell morphology, and cell motility. Endosomal trafficking of integrins modulates these signals and contributes to cell motility and is required for cancer cell invasion. The phosphoprotein PEA-15 modulates integrin activation and ERK MAP Kinase signaling. To elucidate novel PEA-15 functions we utilized an unbiased proteomics approach. We identified several binding partners for PEA-15 in the endosome including clathrin and AP-2 as well as integrin β1 and other focal adhesion complex proteins. We confirmed these interactions using proximity ligation analysis, immunofluorescence imaging, pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation. We further found that PEA-15 is enriched in endosomes and was required for efficient endosomal internalization of α5β1 integrin and cellular migration. Importantly, PEA-15 promotion of migration was dependent on PEA-15 phosphorylation at serines 104 and 116. These data support a novel endosomal role for PEA-15 in control of endosomal trafficking of integrins through an association with the β1 integrin and clathrin complexes, and thereby regulation of cell motility.
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- 2021
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8. Application of convolutional neural networks for distal radio-ulnar fracture detection on plain radiographs in the emergency room
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Min Woong Kim, Jaewon Jung, Se Jin Park, Young Sun Park, Jeong Hyeon Yi, Won Seok Yang, Jin Hyuck Kim, Bum-Joo Cho, and Sang Ook Ha
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wrist ,fractures, bone ,deep learning ,neural networks, computer ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
Objective Recent studies have suggested that deep-learning models can satisfactorily assist in fracture diagnosis. We aimed to evaluate the performance of two of such models in wrist fracture detection. Methods We collected image data of patients who visited with wrist trauma at the emergency department. A dataset extracted from January 2018 to May 2020 was split into training (90%) and test (10%) datasets, and two types of convolutional neural networks (i.e., DenseNet-161 and ResNet-152) were trained to detect wrist fractures. Gradient-weighted class activation mapping was used to highlight the regions of radiograph scans that contributed to the decision of the model. Performance of the convolutional neural network models was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results For model training, we used 4,551 radiographs from 798 patients and 4,443 radiographs from 1,481 patients with and without fractures, respectively. The remaining 10% (300 radiographs from 100 patients with fractures and 690 radiographs from 230 patients without fractures) was used as a test dataset. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of DenseNet-161 and ResNet-152 in the test dataset were 90.3%, 90.3%, 80.3%, 95.6%, and 90.3% and 88.6%, 88.4%, 76.9%, 94.7%, and 88.5%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of DenseNet-161 and ResNet-152 for wrist fracture detection were 0.962 and 0.947, respectively. Conclusion We demonstrated that DenseNet-161 and ResNet-152 models could help detect wrist fractures in the emergency room with satisfactory performance.
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- 2021
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9. Non-diabetic glycosuria as a diagnostic clue for acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in patients with azotemia
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Taeyeon Lee and Won Seok Yang
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acute tubulointerstitial nephritis ,anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ,glycosuria ,hypokalemia ,hypophosphatemia ,hypouricemia ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Background Glycosuria is one of the manifestations of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN), but may also be observed in other renal diseases. In this study, we investigated the value of non-diabetic glycosuria as a diagnostic clue for ATIN. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of adult patients who underwent a kidney biopsy as an evaluation for serum creatinine > 1.4 mg/dL. Patients with proteinuria in the nephrotic range, diabetes mellitus, or transplanted kidney were excluded. The laboratory abnormalities suggestive of tubular injury were compared between 28 patients (14 men and 14 women, mean age 48.5 ± 14.1 years) with ATIN and 116 patients (76 men and 40 women, mean age 53.1 ± 15.0 years) with other diagnoses. Results In ATIN, glycosuria (≥ 1+ on dipstick; 68%) was more frequent than hypophosphatemia (18%), hypouricemia (18%), hypokalemia (18%), and tubular proteinuria (40%). In other diagnoses, glycosuria (≥ 1+) was detected in 7 (6%) patients; 6 of them had the histological diagnosis of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis. The presence of glycosuria (≥ 1+) had 68% sensitivity and 94% specificity for ATIN, with the positive likelihood ratio of 11.24 and the negative likelihood ratio of 0.34. Pyuria and low total CO2 were equally and more sensitive (68% and 71%, respectively) than glycosuria (≥ 1+), but had no diagnostic value due to low specificities (58% and 60%, respectively). Conclusion In non-diabetic, non-nephrotic patients undergoing a kidney biopsy for azotemia, 1+ or higher glycosuria, if present, was a good predictor of the diagnosis of ATIN.
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- 2020
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10. Erratum to 'Validation and modification of HEART score components for patients with chest pain in the emergency department'
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Min Jae Kim, Sang Ook Ha, Young Sun Park, Jeong Hyeon Yi, Won Seok Yang, and Jin Hyuck Kim
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Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Published
- 2022
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11. Usefulness of mid-week hemoglobin measurement for anemia management in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study
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Soo Ya Bae, Jae Wan Jeon, Seong Hoon Kim, Chung Hee Baek, Jai Won Jang, Won Seok Yang, Soon Bae Kim, Su-Kil Park, Sang Koo Lee, and Hyosang Kim
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Hemoglobin ,Anemia ,Chronic kidney disease ,Hemodialysis ,Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Abstract Background Short-term hemoglobin (Hb) variability related to volume status is observed in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). Given the lack of studies regarding outcomes according to the day of Hb sampling, the existing guidelines do not strongly recommend regarding measurement timing. Pre-dialysis mid-week sampling (Wednesday and Thursday) is preferable to minimize short-term Hb variability, although numerous HD centers perform early-week sampling (Monday and Tuesday). The different measurement days may influence the prescribed dose of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) and related patient outcomes. We investigated changes in Hb levels and ESA doses according to the Hb measurement day among HD patients. Methods Starting September 2013, the day for pre-dialysis Hb measurement at the Asan Medical Center was changed from early-week days to mid-week days. This single-center retrospective study evaluated medical records of 92 patients who received maintenance HD between September 2012 and August 2014. Results There was no significant difference in the mean Hb levels between early-week days and mid-week days (10.71 ± 0.06 g/dL vs. 10.78 ± 0.47 g/dL, p = 0.105). However, the mean doses of darbepoetin-α on early-week days were higher than those on mid-week days (175.4 ± 72.5 μg/month vs. 163.7 ± 83.6 μg/month, p = 0.022). The mean doses of intravenous iron hydroxide sucrose for early-week measurements were also higher than those for mid-week measurements (623.0 ± 489.0 mg/year vs. 447.0 ± 505.2 mg/year, p = 0.001). The mean interdialytic weight gains were 2.81 ± 0.82 kg on early-week days and 1.99 ± 0.61 kg on mid-week days (p
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- 2019
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12. Ectodomain Shedding of RAGE and TLR4 as a Negative Feedback Regulation in High-Mobility Group Box 1-Activated Aortic Endothelial Cells
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Won Seok Yang, Jin Ju Kim, Mee Jeong Lee, Eun Kyoung Lee, and Su-Kil Park
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A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 ,Ectodomain shedding ,High-mobility group box 1 ,Receptors for advanced glycation end products ,Toll-like receptor 4 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Background/Aims: High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) elicits inflammatory responses through interactions with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We investigated how RAGE and TLR4 expressions are regulated after HMGB1 stimulation in cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Methods: RAGE and TLR4 expressions were analyzed by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) activity was measured using a fluorogenic substrate. Results: Upon treatment with HMGB1, both RAGE and TLR4 began to decrease in cell lysate and remained decreased up to 24 h. The decrease in cellular RAGE and TLR4 was accompanied by an increase of N-terminal fragment of RAGE and TLR4 in culture supernatant, indicating ectodomain shedding of the receptors. HMGB1 activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and ADAM17, while HMGB1-induced ADAM17 activation was inhibited by SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor. HMGB1-induced ectodomain shedding of RAGE and TLR4 was prevented by siRNA depletion of ADAM17 as well as TAPI-2, an inhibitor of ADAM family, and SB203580. HMGB1 pretreatment abolished p38 MAPK activation in response to 2nd HMGB1 stimulation. In the cells depleted of ADAM17, HMGB1-induced p38 MAPK activation was prolonged. siRNA depletion of RAGE, but not TLR4, suppressed HMGB1-induced p38 MAPK activation. Conclusion: In response to HMGB1 stimulation, HAECs rapidly undergo ectodomain shedding of RAGE and TLR4, and thereby become insensitive to further HMGB1 stimulation. ADAM17, activated through RAGE-p38 MAPK pathway, is implicated in the ectodomain cleavage of the receptors.
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- 2018
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13. RasGRP1 induces autophagy and transformation-associated changes in primary human keratinocytes
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Lauren L. Fonseca, Won Seok Yang, Dirk Geerts, James Turkson, Junfang Ji, and Joe W. Ramos
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Ras mutations are present in only a subset of sporadic human cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC) even though Ras is activated in most. This suggests that other mechanisms of Ras activation play a role in the disease. The aberrant expression of RasGRP1, a guanyl nucleotide exchange factor for Ras, is critical for mouse cSCC development through its ability to increase Ras activity. However, the role of RasGRP1 in human keratinocyte carcinogenesis remains unknown. Here we report that RasGRP1 is significantly elevated in human cSCC and that high RasGRP1 expression in human primary keratinocytes triggered activation of endogenous Ras and significant morphological changes including cytoplasmic vacuole formation and growth arrest. Moreover, RasGRP1-expressing cells were autophagic as indicated by LC3-II increase and the formation of LC3 punctae. In an in vitro organotypic skin model, wild type keratinocytes generated a well-stratified epithelium, while RasGRP1-expressing cells failed to do so. Finally, RasGRP1 induced transformation-like changes in skin cells from Li-Fraumeni patients with inactivating p53 mutations, demonstrating the oncogenic potential of this protein. These results support a role for RasGRP1 in human epidermal keratinocyte carcinogenesis and might serve as an important new therapeutic target.
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- 2021
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14. Use of fludrocortisone for intradialytic hypotension
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Yuri Seo, Soomin Jeung, Sun-myoung Kang, Won Seok Yang, Hyosang Kim, and Soon Bae Kim
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Fludrocortisone ,Hypotension ,Midodrine ,Renal dialysis ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 ,Specialties of internal medicine ,RC581-951 - Abstract
Intradialytic hypotension during dialysis adversely affects a patient's prognosis and increases mortality. We report a case in which intradialytic hypotension that persisted after the administration of midodrine was relieved after the use of fludrocortisone. Administration of 0.2 mg of fludrocortisone occurred 30 minutes before dialysis. We compared 45 sessions of dialysis without fludrocortisone administration and 45 sessions of dialysis with fludrocortisone administration in one patient. The number of times in which systolic blood pressure became lower than 80 mmHg and the number of early terminations of dialysis due to a decrease in systolic blood pressure were higher in the sessions without fludrocortisone administration than in the sessions with fludrocortisone administration (P < 0.05). Fludrocortisone may be helpful for the treatment of intradialytic hypotension that does not respond to midodrine administration.
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- 2018
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15. ADAM17-Mediated Ectodomain Shedding of Toll-Like Receptor 4 as a Negative Feedback Regulation in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Aortic Endothelial Cells
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Won Seok Yang, Jin Ju Kim, Mee Jeong Lee, Eun Kyoung Lee, and Su-Kil Park
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Lipopolysaccharide ,Toll-like receptor 4 ,A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 ,Aortic endothelial cells ,Ectodomain shedding ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Background/Aims: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated monocytes/macrophages develop endotoxin tolerance in part by reducing cell surface toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) through cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14)-dependent endocytosis. In case of endothelial cells, CD14 is expressed in low copy numbers as compared with monocytes/macrophages. Thus, we explored how endothelial cells regulate TLR4 expression after LPS stimulation. Methods: Cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were treated with LPS. TLR4 expression was analyzed by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) activity was measured using a fluorescent substrate. Results: TLR4 in cell lysate began to decrease within 30 min of LPS treatment with a maximal reduction at 2 h, and it was accompanied by an increase of N-terminal fragment of TLR4 in culture supernatant, indicating ectodomain shedding of the receptor. LPS activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and ADAM17, while LPS-induced ADAM17 activation was inhibited by SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor. LPS-induced ectodomain shedding of TLR4 was attenuated by siRNA depletion of ADAM17 as well as TAPI-2 (an inhibitor of ADAM family) and SB203580. LPS pretreatment resulted in a blunted response of p38 MAPK activation to further LPS stimulation. In the cells depleted of ADAM17, LPS-induced p38 MAPK activation was prolonged and LPS-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression was potentiated. Conclusion: HAECs respond to LPS by rapid shedding of the ectodomain of TLR4 and thereby reduce the responsiveness to subsequent LPS exposure. ADAM17, downstream of p38 MAPK, is implicated in the ectodomain cleavage of TLR4.
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- 2018
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16. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Attenuates the Effects of Lipopolysaccharide by Causing ADAM10-Dependent Ectodomain Shedding of Toll-Like Receptor 4
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Won Seok Yang, Jin Ju Kim, Nam Jeong Han, Eun Kyoung Lee, and Su-Kil Park
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A disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 ,1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ,Ectodomain shedding ,Lipopolysaccharide ,L-type calcium channel ,Toll-like receptor 4 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Background/Aims: We investigated how 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) inhibits the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in human aortic endothelial cells. Methods: Cellular signaling was explored by determination of protein abundance with Western blot, measurement of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and immunofluorescence staining for a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10). Results: LPS stimulated the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and subsequent activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). Pretreatment with 1,25D3 attenuated LPS-induced p38 MAPK activation and ICAM-1 expression by causing ectodomain shedding of TLR4. This effect of 1,25D3 depended on its ability to induce a rapid extracellular Ca2+ influx through L-type calcium channels because the ectodomain shedding was prevented by the absence of extracellular Ca2+ or the presence of verapamil. TLR4 ectodomain shedding was also induced by Bay K8644 (L-type calcium channel agonist). Both 1,25D3 and Bay K8644 caused extracellular Ca2+ influx-dependent ADAM10 translocation to the cell surface. Depletion of ADAM10 by siRNA transfection prevented 1,25D3- and Bay K8644-induced ectodomain shedding of TLR4, and abolished the inhibitory effect of 1,25D3 on LPS-induced ICAM-1 expression. Conclusion: 1,25D3 causes ectodomain shedding of TLR4 and thereby decreases the responsiveness of cells to LPS. ADAM10, activated by extracellular Ca2+ influx, was implicated in the ectodomain cleavage of TLR4.
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- 2017
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17. TNF-α Activates High-Mobility Group Box 1 - Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathway in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
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Won Seok Yang, Nam Jeong Han, Jin Ju Kim, Mee Jeong Lee, and Su-Kil Park
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High-mobility group box 1 ,Myeloid differentiation factor 88 ,Spleen tyrosine kinase ,Toll-like receptor 4 ,Tumor necrosis factor-α ,Reactive oxygen species ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Background/Aims: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) interacts with endogenous substances as well as lipopolysaccharide. We explored whether TLR4 is implicated in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) signal transduction in human aortic endothelial cells. Methods: The pathway was evaluated by transfection of siRNAs, immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis. Results: TNF-α activated spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) within 10 min, which led to endothelin-1 (ET-1) production. TLR4 was also rapidly activated by TNF-α stimulation, as shown by recruitment of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 to TLR4 and its adaptor molecule, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88). siRNA depletion of TLR4 markedly attenuated TNF-α-induced Syk activation and ET-1 production. TLR4 inhibitor (CLI-095), TLR4-neutralizing antibody and siRNA depletion of MyD88 also attenuated TNF-α-induced Syk activation. Syk was co-immunoprecipitated with TLR4, and TNF-α activated Syk bound to TLR4. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was rapidly released and associated with TLR4 after TNF-α stimulation with a peak at 5 min, which was prevented by N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant. Glycyrrhizin (HMGB1 inhibitor), HMGB1-neutralizing antibody and siRNA depletion of HMGB1 all suppressed TNF-α-induced Syk activation and ET-1 production. Conclusion: Upon TNF-α stimulation, TLR4 is activated by HMGB1 that is immediately released after the generation of reactive oxygen species, and plays a crucial role in the signal transduction.
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- 2016
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18. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Attenuates the Effects of TNF-α in Vascular Endothelial Cells by Causing Ectodomain Shedding of TNF Receptor 1
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Won Seok Yang, Soo Young Moon, Mee Jeong Lee, and Su-Kil Park
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A disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 ,Calcium influx ,Cyclopiazonic acid ,Epigallocatechin-3-gallate ,Thapsigargin ,Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Background/Aims: We investigated the mechanism underlying anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in human aortic endothelial cells. Methods: Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) was assessed by Western blot analysis. Cytosolic Ca2+ was measured using Fluo-4 AM. A disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) was localized by immunofluorescence staining. Results: EGCG caused ectodomain shedding of TNFR1 within 30 min and attenuated TNF-α-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) expression. EGCG-induced TNFR1 ectodomain shedding was prevented by BAPTA-AM (intracellular Ca2+ chelator), but not by the absence of extracellular Ca2+. In physiologic extracellular Ca2+ concentration, EGCG markedly increased cytosolic Ca2+. Even in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, EGCG raised cytosolic Ca2+, though less potently. siRNA depletion of ADAM10 prevented EGCG-induced ectodomain shedding of TNFR1 and also diminished the inhibitory effect of EGCG on TNF-α-induced ET-1 expression. EGCG caused translocation of ADAM10 to the plasma membrane, and this effect was prevented by BAPTA-AM. Besides extracellular Ca2+ influx, release of intracellular stored Ca2+ caused ADAM10-dependent ectodomain shedding of TNFR1. Conclusion: EGCG decreases the responsiveness of cells to TNF-α by causing ADAM10-dependent ectodomain shedding of TNFR1. This effect was attributed to its property to increase cytosolic Ca2+ through both extracellular Ca2+ influx and release of stored Ca2+.
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- 2016
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19. Toll-Like Receptor 4/Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Complex in High Glucose Signal Transduction of Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells
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Won Seok Yang, Joon-Seok Kim, Nam Jeong Han, Mee Jeong Lee, and Su-Kil Park
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High glucose ,High-mobility group box-1 ,MyD88 ,Spleen tyrosine kinase ,Toll-like receptor 4 ,Transforming growth factor-β1 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Background/Aims: High glucose activates spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells), which leads to NF-κB activation and transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) production. We explored the signal transduction pathway from high glucose to Syk activation. Methods: The pathway was evaluated by siRNA transfection, immunoprecipitation and Western blot. Results: High glucose stimulated Syk activation within 10 min. Depletion of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) attenuated high glucose-induced Syk activation, NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation, and TGF-ß1 production. In addition, TLR4 inhibitor (CLI-095), TLR4-neutralizing antibody, and depletion of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) all attenuated high glucose-induced Syk activation. As an evidence of TLR4 activation, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 was recruited to MyD88 and TLR4 upon exposure to high glucose. Syk was co-immunoprecipitated with TLR4, and Syk bound to TLR4 was activated by high glucose. High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1), an endogenous activator of TLR4, rapidly increased in TLR4 immunoprecipitates upon high glucose stimulation, and this association was reduced by N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant. An HMGB-1 inhibitor glycyrrhizin suppressed high glucose-induced Syk activation. Conclusion: Syk is constitutively associated with TLR4. High glucose induces an immediate, reactive oxygen species-dependent, extracellular release of HMGB-1 which binds to TLR4 and activates it, leading to Syk activation.
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- 2015
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20. The Transcriptional Repressor ZBTB4 Regulates EZH2 Through a MicroRNA-ZBTB4-Specificity Protein Signaling Axis
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Won Seok Yang, Gayathri Chadalapaka, Sung-Gook Cho, Syng-ook Lee, Un-Ho Jin, Indira Jutooru, Kwangmin Choi, Yuet-Kin Leung, Shuk-Mei Ho, Stephen Safe, and Kyounghyun Kim
- Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
ZBTB4 is a transcriptional repressor and examination of publically-available microarray data sets demonstrated an inverse relationship in the prognostic value and expression of ZBTB4 and the histone methyltransferase EZH2 in tumors from breast cancer patients. The possibility of functional interactions between EZH2 and ZBTB4 was investigated in breast cancer cells and the results showed that EZH2 is directly suppressed by ZBTB4 which in turn is regulated (suppressed) by miR-106b and other paralogues from the miR-17-92, miR-106b-25 and miR-106a-363 clusters that are highly expressed in breast and other tumors. ZBTB4 also acts a suppressor of specificity protein (Sp) transcription factors Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4, and RNA interference studies show that Sp proteins are required for EZH2 expression. The prediction analysis results from breast cancer patient array data sets confirm an association of Sp1-dependent EZH2 gene signature with decreased survival of breast cancer patients. Disruption of oncogenic miR-ZBTB4 signaling axis by anticancer agent such as betulinic acid that induce down-regulation of Sp proteins in breast cancer cells resulted in inhibition of tumor growth and colonization of breast cancer cells in a mouse model. Thus, EZH2 is reciprocally regulated by a novel signaling network consisting of Sp proteins, oncogenic miRs and ZBTB4, and modulation of this gene network is a novel therapeutic approach for treatment of breast cancer and possibly other cancers.
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- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Anti-Fibrotic Effect of Losartan, an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker, Is Mediated through Inhibition of ER Stress via Up-Regulation of SIRT1, Followed by Induction of HO-1 and Thioredoxin
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Hyosang Kim, Chung Hee Baek, Raymond Bok Lee, Jai Won Chang, Won Seok Yang, and Sang Koo Lee
- Subjects
ER stress ,HO-1 ,losartan ,SIRT1 ,thioredoxin ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is increasingly identified as modulator of fibrosis. Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, has been widely used as the first choice of treatment in chronic renal diseases. We postulated that anti-fibrotic effect of losartan is mediated through inhibition of ER stress via SIRT1 (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1) hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1)/thioredoxin pathway. Renal tubular cells, tunicamycin (TM)-induced ER stress, and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model were used. Expression of ER stress was assessed by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical stain. ER stress was induced by chemical ER stress inducer, tunicamycin, and non-chemical inducers such as TGF-β, angiotensin II, high glucose, and albumin. Losartan suppressed the TM-induced ER stress, as shown by inhibition of TM-induced expression of GRP78 (glucose related protein 78) and p-eIF2α (phosphospecific-eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2α), through up-regulation of SIRT1 via HO-1 and thioredoxin. Losartan also suppressed the ER stress by non-chemical inducers. In both animal models, losartan reduced the tubular expression of GRP78, which were abolished by pretreatment with sirtinol (SIRT1 inhibitor). Sirtinol also blocked the inhibitory effect of losartan on the UUO-induced renal fibrosis. These findings provide new insights into renoprotective effects of losartan and suggest that SIRT1, HO-1, and thioredoxin may be potential pharmacological targets in kidney diseases under excessive ER stress condition.
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- 2017
- Full Text
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22. Development of a sit-to-stand assistance chair for elderly people.
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Ari Aharari and Won-Seok Yang
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Improving service in the presence of surge traffic: a K-policy voluntary flushing queueing system.
- Author
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Won Seok Yang, Nam K. Kim, Sungjune Park, and Chandrasekar Subramaniam
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Analysis of a Queueing Model with a Two-stage Group-testing Policy
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Won Seok Yang
- Published
- 2022
25. Risk of bleeding-related complications after kidney biopsy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
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Eun Song Kang, Soo Min Ahn, Ji Seon Oh, Hyosang Kim, Won Seok Yang, Yong-Gil Kim, Chang-Keun Lee, Bin Yoo, and Seokchan Hong
- Subjects
Rheumatology ,General Medicine - Abstract
Kidney biopsy is essential for the diagnosis and classification of lupus nephritis. Percutaneous biopsy has a risk of bleeding-related complications; however, data on the risk of percutaneous kidney biopsy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are scarce. In this study, we aimed to investigate the rate of bleeding-related complications and to examine the risk factors for complications of kidney biopsy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with SLE who underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous kidney biopsy between 2002 and 2020 at a tertiary referral center. Minor complications were defined as hematoma and passing hematuria not requiring an intervention. Major complications included bleeding events that required interventions after the biopsy. Statistical analysis with a multivariate logistic regression model was performed.In a total of 277 patients with SLE, the rate of overall bleeding-related complications after kidney biopsy was 19.9% (minor 13.0%; major 6.9%). Among patients with major complications, 84.2% needed blood transfusion alone without embolization or surgery, whereas the remaining three patients needed embolization for bleeding control. Multivariate analysis revealed that thrombocytopenia (odds ratio [OR] 7.186, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.315-22.300), and low eGFR (OR 3.478, 95% CI 1.094-11.056) were significantly associated with the risk of major bleeding-related complications after kidney biopsy.Percutaneous kidney biopsy is accompanied by the risk of bleeding-related complications; however, most events in our study did not require vascular intervention for bleeding control. Low platelet count and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) significantly increase the risk of complications after kidney biopsy in patients with SLE. Key Points • The rate of overall bleeding-related complications after kidney biopsy was about 20% of patients with SLE. • The most commonly observed events were gross hematuria followed by blood transfusion. • Thrombocytopenia and poor kidney function areis an important risk of bleeding-related complications after kidney biopsy.
- Published
- 2022
26. Operation Sound Influence on Tablet Device Character Input Operation.
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Won-Seok Yang, Haruumi Kondo, and Wang-Mi Seok
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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27. On the Largest-Group-First Priority Rule in Queueing
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NamK. Kim, Won-Seok Yang, Kilhwan Kim, and Mohan L. Chaudhry
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General Social Sciences ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance - Published
- 2022
28. Highly Sensitive Hybrid Oxide Phototransistors with Photoresponsive Zeolitic‐Imidazolate‐Frameworks for Real‐Time Light Detection
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Ji Sook Yang, Sung Hyeon Jung, Cheol Hyoun Ahn, Won Seok Yang, Jeong Jae Kim, and Hyung Koun Cho
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Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2023
29. Effects of Visual Elements into the Touch Interaction during the Drag Operation.
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Won Seok Yang, Soeda Yusuke, and Alireza Ahrary
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. IoT-security Approach Analysis for the Novel Nutrition-Based Vegetable Production and Distribution System.
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R. Dennis A. Ludena, Alireza Ahrary, Noriko Horibe, and Won Seok Yang
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- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Design of Bronze-Rich Dual-Phasic TiO
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Cheol Hyoun, Ahn, Won Seok, Yang, Jeong Jae, Kim, Jae Hyun, Kim, and Hyung Koun, Cho
- Abstract
Dual-phasic (DP)-TiO
- Published
- 2022
32. Comprehensive Assessment of Acute Isolated or Prominent Dysarthria in the Emergency Department: A Neuro-Emergency Expert’s Experience beyond Stroke
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Soon-Ho Lee, Sang-Ook Ha, Jin-Hyouk Kim, Won-Seok Yang, Young-Sun Park, and Tae-Jin Park
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General Neuroscience ,emergency department ,dysarthria ,ischemic stroke - Abstract
We investigated the clinical characteristics, neuroimaging findings, and final diagnosis of patients with acute isolated or prominent dysarthria who visited the emergency department (ED) between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2021. Of 2028 patients aged ≥ 18 years with neurologic symptoms treated by a neuro-emergency expert, 75 with acute isolated or predominant dysarthria within 1 week were enrolled. Patients were categorized as having isolated dysarthria (n = 28, 37.3%) and prominent dysarthria (n = 47, 62.7%). The causes of stroke were acute ischemic stroke (AIS) (n = 37, 49.3%), transient ischemic attack (TIA) (n = 14, 18.7%), intracerebral hemorrhage (n = 1, 1.3%), and non-stroke causes (n = 23, 30.7%). The most common additional symptoms were gait disturbance or imbalance (n = 8, 15.4%) and dizziness (n = 3, 13.0%) in the stroke and non-stroke groups, respectively. The isolated dysarthria group had a higher rate of TIA (n = 7, 38.9%), single and small lesions (n = 10, 83.3%), and small-vessel occlusion in Trial of Org 101072 in acute stroke treatment (n = 8, 66.7%). Acute isolated or prominent dysarthria in the ED mostly presented as clinical symptoms of AIS, but other non-stroke and medical causes were not uncommon. In acute dysarthria with ischemic stroke, multiple territorial and small and single lesions are considered a cause.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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33. Detecting the Location of Invehicle Noise Using Unsupervised Learning
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Won Seok Yang
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Noise ,Computer science ,Speech recognition ,Unsupervised learning - Published
- 2021
34. Gold(I) Complexes with a Quinazoline Carboxamide Alkynyl Ligand: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, and Mechanistic Studies
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Chetan Chintha, Joe W. Ramos, Won Seok Yang, Afshin Samali, Liam Morrison, Leila Tabrizi, and Andrea Erxleben
- Subjects
Full Paper ,biology ,Chemistry ,Ligand ,Stereochemistry ,medicine.drug_class ,Cytotoxicity ,Translocator proteins ,Thioredoxin reductase ,Carboxamide ,Full Papers ,Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Docking (molecular) ,Quinazoline ,Translocator protein ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Gold ,Binding site ,Triphenylphosphine ,Alkynyl ligands - Abstract
A series of gold(I) complexes with the general formula [Au(L2)(L′)] (L2=4‐phenyl‐N‐(prop‐2‐yn‐1‐yl)quinazoline‐2‐carboxamide, L′=PPh3 (triphenylphosphine), 1; TPA (1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane), 2, and Me2‐imy (1,3‐dimethylimidazol‐2‐ylidene), 3) were synthesized and fully characterized by spectroscopic methods. The alkynyl ligand L2 belongs to the quinazoline carboxamide class of ligands that are known to bind to the translocator protein (TSPO) at the outer mitochondrial membrane. 1 and 2 exert cytotoxic effects in bladder cancer cells with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. Further mechanistic analysis indicated that the two complexes both act by inducing reactive oxygen species and caspase‐mediated apoptosis. The complexes inhibit thioredoxin reductase, an established target of anticancer gold(I) complexes. Docking studies confirmed that after ligand exchange the free ligand L2 can interact with the TSPO binding site., Alkynyl gold(I) complexes with phosphane and NHC co‐ligands have been prepared that are potent inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase. The complexes containing phosphane co‐ligands are also potent cytotoxins that reduce cell viability by inducing reactive oxygen species and caspase‐dependent apoptotic cell death.
- Published
- 2021
35. A New Methodology for Estimating the Spectrum Requirements with Data Traffic.
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Eun-Saem Yang, Hwa-Jong Kim, and Won-Seok Yang
- Published
- 2007
36. Multiple functional biomolecule-based metal-organic-framework-reinforced polyethylene oxide composite electrolytes for high-performance solid-state lithium batteries
- Author
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Cheol Hyoun Ahn, Jeong Jae Kim, Won Seok Yang, and Hyung Koun Cho
- Subjects
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Published
- 2023
37. Multifunctional double active layers formed with electrochemically controlled nanoparticle dispersion for resistive switching memory arrays
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Hee Won Suh, Dong Su Kim, Ji Hoon Choi, Hak Hyeon Lee, Kun Woong Lee, Sung Hyeon Jung, Won Seok Yang, Jeong Jae Kim, Ji Sook Yang, Ho Seong Lee, and Hyung Koun Cho
- Subjects
General Physics and Astronomy ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,General Chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films - Published
- 2023
38. Analysis of incombustibles in the feedstock to incineration facilities in South Korea for optimum sorting and management
- Author
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Wonseok Lee, Sun-Kyoung Shin, Won-Seok Yang, Gyung-Goo Choi, Kyuyeon Kim, and Suyoung Lee
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Resource (biology) ,Waste management ,020209 energy ,Sorting ,Industrial Waste ,Incineration ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Raw material ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Industrial waste ,Waste Management ,Metals ,Republic of Korea ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Environmental science ,Christian ministry ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Resource recovery - Abstract
Korea’s Ministry of Environment has implemented the Framework Act on Resource Recirculation to activate waste resource recovery. However, industrial waste treatment facilities have some problems related to diversity of waste received for proper management of wastes. Waste incineration facilities are required to receive and process combustible waste and are forbidden to re-consign waste to other waste treatment facilities without any processing. In reality, a large amount of incombustibles is injected into the incinerator because it is impossible to completely separate the incombustible materials. Therefore, it is necessary to develop additional management criteria for optimal operation of the incineration facility. This study was conducted to improve institutional management of incineration facilities in Korea. Through a literature review and statistics study, incombustible waste management trends were investigated. The characteristics of waste entering incineration facilities were surveyed. Physical composition and proximate analysis of incoming waste were conducted, and properties of the incombustibles mixed in feedstocks to waste incineration facilities were examined. As a result of this study, incombustibles mainly consisting of the construction and demolition waste, such as soil, glass, and metals, should be separated from feed sent to incinerators. A mechanical screening technique that sorts particles of 30–40 mm in size can be used to separate the incombustibles. Also, management criteria could be proposed to sort and re-consign the incombustibles.
- Published
- 2020
39. Estimation of spectrum requirements for mobile networks with self-similar traffic, handover, and frequency reuse.
- Author
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Won Seok Yang, Eun Saem Yang, Hwa J. Kim, and Dae K. Kim
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The GI/M/1 queue and the GI/Geo/1 queue both with single working vacation.
- Author
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Kyung C. Chae, Dae Eun Lim, and Won Seok Yang
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Non-diabetic glycosuria as a diagnostic clue for acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in patients with azotemia
- Author
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Won Seok Yang and Taeyeon Lee
- Subjects
Male ,glycosuria ,endocrine system diseases ,Biopsy ,030232 urology & nephrology ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,lcsh:RC870-923 ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Kidney ,Gastroenterology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Azotemia ,Medicine ,Hypouricemia ,Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Hypokalemia ,Proteinuria ,hypouricemia ,Nephrology ,Creatinine ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Hypophosphatemia ,Non diabetic ,Research Article ,Glycosuria ,Adult ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,hypophosphatemia ,business.industry ,anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,medicine.disease ,Clinical Study ,Nephritis, Interstitial ,business - Abstract
Background Glycosuria is one of the manifestations of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN), but may also be observed in other renal diseases. In this study, we investigated the value of non-diabetic glycosuria as a diagnostic clue for ATIN. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of adult patients who underwent a kidney biopsy as an evaluation for serum creatinine > 1.4 mg/dL. Patients with proteinuria in the nephrotic range, diabetes mellitus, or transplanted kidney were excluded. The laboratory abnormalities suggestive of tubular injury were compared between 28 patients (14 men and 14 women, mean age 48.5 ± 14.1 years) with ATIN and 116 patients (76 men and 40 women, mean age 53.1 ± 15.0 years) with other diagnoses. Results In ATIN, glycosuria (≥ 1+ on dipstick; 68%) was more frequent than hypophosphatemia (18%), hypouricemia (18%), hypokalemia (18%), and tubular proteinuria (40%). In other diagnoses, glycosuria (≥ 1+) was detected in 7 (6%) patients; 6 of them had the histological diagnosis of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis. The presence of glycosuria (≥ 1+) had 68% sensitivity and 94% specificity for ATIN, with the positive likelihood ratio of 11.24 and the negative likelihood ratio of 0.34. Pyuria and low total CO2 were equally and more sensitive (68% and 71%, respectively) than glycosuria (≥ 1+), but had no diagnostic value due to low specificities (58% and 60%, respectively). Conclusion In non-diabetic, non-nephrotic patients undergoing a kidney biopsy for azotemia, 1+ or higher glycosuria, if present, was a good predictor of the diagnosis of ATIN.
- Published
- 2020
42. Improving service in the presence of surge traffic: a K-policy voluntary flushing queueing system
- Author
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Chandrasekar Subramaniam, Nam K. Kim, Won Seok Yang, and Sungjune Park
- Subjects
Service (business) ,Queueing theory ,021103 operations research ,Computer science ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,General Decision Sciences ,Denial-of-service attack ,02 engineering and technology ,Queueing system ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Service provider ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,medicine ,Flushing ,Surge ,medicine.symptom ,computer - Abstract
Unexpected surge in online services causes poor performance and makes it challenging for the service provider to differentiate and serve genuine users. In this paper, we propose a novel approach using voluntary flushing to mitigate disruptions caused by surge traffic, such as distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on e-commerce websites. Voluntary flushing of customers has never been modeled because flushing was perceived negatively for customer service. We show that it may not be the case in today’s online services. We propose three queueing performance measures to evaluate the system and present optimal policies for flushing under various scenarios. We use DDoS attacks as use-case to present numerical analysis and discuss the implications of the flushing policies.
- Published
- 2020
43. A Note on Approximations of Discrete-Time Queueing Systems with Their Continuous-Time Counterparts
- Author
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Mohan L. Chaudhry, Nam K. Kim, Won Seok Yang, and Kilhwan Kim
- Subjects
Discrete time queueing ,Approximations of π ,Computer science ,General Social Sciences ,Applied mathematics ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance - Published
- 2020
44. Stochastic Modeling, Service Quality, and Economic Analysis of a Table Sharing Service in Service Stations
- Author
-
Won Seok Yang
- Published
- 2020
45. 미래 교육과정과 한자 교육의 지향
- Author
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won seok Yang
- Subjects
Mathematics education ,Orientation (graph theory) ,Psychology ,Education curriculum - Published
- 2019
46. Establishment of Three Components (proximate analysis) Method of Waste
- Author
-
Young Hyun Kwon, Wonsuk Lee, Ki-Heon Kim, Won-Seok Yang, Gyung-Goo Choi, and Eun Song Lee
- Subjects
Waste management ,Proximate analysis ,Automotive Engineering ,Environmental science - Published
- 2019
47. Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, induces ADAM10-dependent ectodomain shedding of RAGE via AMPK activation in human aortic endothelial cells
- Author
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Chung Hee Baek, Hyosang Kim, Soo Young Moon, and Won Seok Yang
- Subjects
Glycation End Products, Advanced ,Humans ,Epithelial Cells ,General Medicine ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Liraglutide ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Aorta ,Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor ,Cell Line - Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 alleviates the deleterious effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the protective mechanism using liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, in cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs).Following liraglutide treatment in HAECs, the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) was measured in both cell lysate and culture supernatant, the cytosolic free CaLiraglutide (100 nM) induced ectodomain shedding of RAGE within 30 min and inhibited the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) induced by AGEs of bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA). Further experiments revealed that liraglutide rapidly increases extracellular CaLiraglutide reduces the number of intact RAGE on the cell surface by inducing ADAM10-mediated ectodomain shedding, which decreases the inflammatory effects of AGEs. AMPK activated by extracellular Ca
- Published
- 2021
48. Proteomics analysis identifies PEA-15 as an endosomal phosphoprotein that regulates α5β1 integrin endocytosis
- Author
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Hana Yoon, Thomas P. Conrads, Maisel J. Caliva, Won Seok Yang, Ming Zhou, Michelle L. Matter, Shirley S. Young-Robbins, Mark L. Grimes, and Joe W. Ramos
- Subjects
Proteomics ,Cell biology ,Integrins ,Endosome ,Science ,Integrin ,Endosomes ,Endocytosis ,Cell morphology ,Clathrin ,Mass Spectrometry ,Article ,Integrin signalling ,Focal adhesion ,Cell surface receptor ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Humans ,Cell migration ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Chemistry ,Cell adhesion ,food and beverages ,Phosphoproteins ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ,Integrin alpha5beta1 - Abstract
Endosomal trafficking of cell surface receptors is essential to their function. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that integrate adhesion to the extracellular matrix with engagement of the cytoskeleton. Ligated integrins mediate diverse signals that regulate matrix assembly, cell survival, cell morphology, and cell motility. Endosomal trafficking of integrins modulates these signals and contributes to cell motility and is required for cancer cell invasion. The phosphoprotein PEA-15 modulates integrin activation and ERK MAP Kinase signaling. To elucidate novel PEA-15 functions we utilized an unbiased proteomics approach. We identified several binding partners for PEA-15 in the endosome including clathrin and AP-2 as well as integrin β1 and other focal adhesion complex proteins. We confirmed these interactions using proximity ligation analysis, immunofluorescence imaging, pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation. We further found that PEA-15 is enriched in endosomes and was required for efficient endosomal internalization of α5β1 integrin and cellular migration. Importantly, PEA-15 promotion of migration was dependent on PEA-15 phosphorylation at serines 104 and 116. These data support a novel endosomal role for PEA-15 in control of endosomal trafficking of integrins through an association with the β1 integrin and clathrin complexes, and thereby regulation of cell motility.
- Published
- 2021
49. Maintenance of deteriorating single server queues with random shocks.
- Author
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Won Seok Yang, Dae Eun Lim, and Kyung C. Chae
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Usefulness of mid-week hemoglobin measurement for anemia management in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study
- Author
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Won Seok Yang, Hyosang Kim, Seong Hoon Kim, Sang Koo Lee, Soo Ya Bae, Chung Hee Baek, Su-Kil Park, Soon Bae Kim, Jai Won Jang, and Jae Wan Jeon
- Subjects
Nephrology ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Sucrose ,Time Factors ,medicine.drug_class ,Anemia ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Weight Gain ,lcsh:RC870-923 ,Ferric Compounds ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Renal Dialysis ,Internal medicine ,Chronic kidney disease ,medicine ,Intravascular volume status ,Humans ,Darbepoetin alfa ,Hemoglobin ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Hemoglobin A ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,Hemodialysis ,Hematinics ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Female ,business ,Kidney disease ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Short-term hemoglobin (Hb) variability related to volume status is observed in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). Given the lack of studies regarding outcomes according to the day of Hb sampling, the existing guidelines do not strongly recommend regarding measurement timing. Pre-dialysis mid-week sampling (Wednesday and Thursday) is preferable to minimize short-term Hb variability, although numerous HD centers perform early-week sampling (Monday and Tuesday). The different measurement days may influence the prescribed dose of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) and related patient outcomes. We investigated changes in Hb levels and ESA doses according to the Hb measurement day among HD patients. Methods Starting September 2013, the day for pre-dialysis Hb measurement at the Asan Medical Center was changed from early-week days to mid-week days. This single-center retrospective study evaluated medical records of 92 patients who received maintenance HD between September 2012 and August 2014. Results There was no significant difference in the mean Hb levels between early-week days and mid-week days (10.71 ± 0.06 g/dL vs. 10.78 ± 0.47 g/dL, p = 0.105). However, the mean doses of darbepoetin-α on early-week days were higher than those on mid-week days (175.4 ± 72.5 μg/month vs. 163.7 ± 83.6 μg/month, p = 0.022). The mean doses of intravenous iron hydroxide sucrose for early-week measurements were also higher than those for mid-week measurements (623.0 ± 489.0 mg/year vs. 447.0 ± 505.2 mg/year, p = 0.001). The mean interdialytic weight gains were 2.81 ± 0.82 kg on early-week days and 1.99 ± 0.61 kg on mid-week days (p
- Published
- 2019
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