Search

Postnatal care immediately after birth is a crucial component to save lives of mothers and the newborns. A paucity of evidence indicated that women's unwillingness to receive care after birth is a remained challenge in resource-limited settings in general and in Ethiopia in particular. This study aimed to assess the utilization of postnatal care within 48 h after birth and its determinants in northwest Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 2020. A total of 811 women who had birth within the last one year were involved in the study. Both random and fixed effects were reported using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and p value of 0.05. The study revealed that 13.3% (95% CI 10.9–15.7%) of women attended postnatal care visits within 48 h after birth. Attending secondary and above education (AOR = 2.39; 95% CI 1.18, 4.84); health extension workers home visiting during pregnancy (AOR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.08, 2.82); birth order (AOR = 2.07; 95% CI 1.03, 4.14); place of delivery (AOR = 7.49; 95% CI 3.73, 15.06); and short distance to health facility (AOR = 4.19; 95% CI 1.64, 10.70) were significantly associated with postnatal care utilization within 48 h after birth. Postnatal care utilization within 48 h is low in rural northwest Ethiopia compared to findings from most resource-limited settings. The existing health system should consider multilevel intervention strategies focusing on maternal health education, engaging community health workers in health promotion, and ensuring physical accessibility of healthcare facilities to be more effective in improving postnatal care utilization within 48 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examined the impact of women education programmes on sustainable community development in Emohua local government area of Rivers State. To achieve the purpose of the study, the researcher formulated two (2) objectives, research questions and hypotheses to guide the study. The research design used is a descriptive survey research design. The population of this study consists all the members of registered Community Base Women Organization (CBWO) in Emohua Local Government Area of Rivers State, with a total population of 4,820 women. The multi-stage sampling procedure was used in the study with the sample size of 964 women. The instrument used for data collection is a self-structured questionnaire. The data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while the hypotheses were tested using z-test statistical tool at a significance level of 0.05. The study revealed that women participation in politics and women personal developments have positive and significant impacts on sustainable community development. The study recommends that educated and qualified women should be promoted into higher level skills and responsibilities in the occupational structure among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Postnatal care immediately after birth is a crucial component to save lives of mothers and the newborns. A paucity of evidence indicated that women’s unwillingness to receive care after birth is a remained challenge in resource-limited settings in general and in Ethiopia in particular. This study aimed to assess the utilization of postnatal care within 48 h after birth and its determinants in northwest Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 2020. A total of 811 women who had birth within the last one year were involved in the study. Both random and fixed effects were reported using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and p value of 0.05. The study revealed that 13.3% (95% CI 10.9–15.7%) of women attended postnatal care visits within 48 h after birth. Attending secondary and above education (AOR = 2.39; 95% CI 1.18, 4.84); health extension workers home visiting during pregnancy (AOR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.08, 2.82); birth order (AOR = 2.07; 95% CI 1.03, 4.14); place of delivery (AOR = 7.49; 95% CI 3.73, 15.06); and short distance to health facility (AOR = 4.19; 95% CI 1.64, 10.70) were significantly associated with postnatal care utilization within 48 h after birth. Postnatal care utilization within 48 h is low in rural northwest Ethiopia compared to findings from most resource-limited settings. The existing health system should consider multilevel intervention strategies focusing on maternal health education, engaging community health workers in health promotion, and ensuring physical accessibility of healthcare facilities to be more effective in improving postnatal care utilization within 48 h.

The paper examines the correlation between patriarchal attitudes, women's asset ownership, participation in household decision-making and women's educational attainment across 27 post-communist countries. It hypothesizes that patriarchal attitudes hinder women's educational achievements while women's asset ownership and participation in household decision-making facilitate them. Utilizing regression analysis, marginal effects, post-regression simulation, the study tests and confirms these hypotheses. Results show that for every unit increase in women's asset ownership and participation in decision-making, the odds of achieving higher educational attainment increase by approximately 35.7% and 16.5%, respectively. Conversely, a unit increase in patriarchal attitudes decreases these odds by 15.8%. The findings underscore the importance of state and civil society commitment to addressing gender disparities in education.

The paper focuses on securing women's education for sustainable economic development in Rivers State. The concepts of education, woman, and women's education were explained. The meanings of sustainable development, the role of women in ensuring sustainable development, and factors hindering the education of women in Rivers State were highlighted. Ways to improve the education of women and women's contribution to economic married. development in Rivers State was equally examined. It was therefore recommended that for women to acquire formal education, the government should formulate at various levels, proper laws and policies to defend their rights and privileges. There should be aggressive re-orientation towards the education of the girl child, sensitization of female education and role modeling technique for mentorship should be sustained. There should be adequate provision of facilities/ infrastructures and equal access to education for the girl child. Sex education should be part of the curriculum to avoid teenage pregnancy and the Rivers State House of Assembly should make stringent laws on the age at which a girl child should get. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the correlation between patriarchal attitudes, women's asset ownership, participation in household decision-making and women's educational attainment across 27 post-communist countries. It hypothesizes that patriarchal attitudes hinder women's educational achievements while women's asset ownership and participation in household decision-making facilitate them. Utilizing regression analysis, marginal effects, post-regression simulation, the study tests and confirms these hypotheses. Results show that for every unit increase in women's asset ownership and participation in decision-making, the odds of achieving higher educational attainment increase by approximately 35.7% and 16.5%, respectively. Conversely, a unit increase in patriarchal attitudes decreases these odds by 15.8%. The findings underscore the importance of state and civil society commitment to addressing gender disparities in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mona Lisa’nın Gülüşü, okul-öğrenci-öğretmen ilişkisi bağlamında kadın eğitimini işleyen bir filmdir. Eğitim konusunun sinemaya yansıtıldığı örnek yapımların sayısı oldukça fazla olmakla birlikte bu filmde 1950’ler Amerikasının kadın eğitimi anlayışı, kadınların eğitimi konusunda köklü bir kurum olan Wellesley Koleji örneğinden hareketle işlenir. Wellesley Koleji, kuruluşundan günümüze dek kadın eğitimi konusunda çok önemli faaliyetler gerçekleştirmiştir. Bu açıdan kolejin tarihsel gerçekliğinin yanı sıra eğitim ilkeleri de konservatist ve liberalist eğitim anlayışlarının filmin senaryosunda en önemli çatışma unsuru olarak işlenmesine olanak sağlar. Filmin olay örgüsü ve tematik yapısı, söz konusu karşıt eğitim anlayışlarının çatışması üzerine inşa edilen fiktif evrenin analizi çerçevesinde tahlil edilmiştir. Filmde özgürlükçü eğitim anlayışı özellikle kadın eğitimi konusunda feminist bir karakter göstermektedir. Mona Lisa’nın Gülüşü, ilk bakışta kadın haklarına odaklanan bir film olarak görülebilir. Ancak filmde örtük olarak işlenen başka izlekler de vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Mona Lisa’nın Gülüşü filmine dair yapılan çalışmalarda feminist yöntemle yapılan söylem analizlerine, eğitim odağında içerik çözümlemesi yaparak katkı sağlamaya çalışmaktır.

The film Mona Lisa Smile explores the dynamics between female students and their educators. There are several great movies that deal with the topic of education, but this one is particularly noteworthy because it uses Wellesley College, a historically significant women's college, as a case study for illuminating the state of women's education in the United States in the 1950s. The film's central conflict stems not just from the historical reality of the university, but also from the divergent pedagogical tenets held by conservatives and liberals. Within the framework of the analysis of the fictional universe, which is founded on the tension between these divergent pedagogical perspectives, we examine the film's plot and thematic structure. The feminist aspect of libertarian education is on full display throughout the film, especially as it pertains to women's education. This research aims to add to the feminist discourse analyses of the film Mona Lisa Smile by shifting the emphasis of teaching toward content analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rise of the Pahlavid dynasty, the modern education of women became a necessity for the innovation project in Iran. Therefore, women education became pivotal in the discourse of modernization advocated by the Pahlavid dynasty. Due to the political standoff as a result of Reza Shah’s exit from Iran, the modern education for women underwent discourse turmoil. With the empowering of the rival discourses and their arrival on the political scene, the dominant discourse for women education lost its vigor and the central focus of innovation which was predominant in Reza Shah’s era lost its force. This led to the formation of the concept of “Muslim Woman” versus “Modern Woman”. This historical era, regarding the education of women, is the time of the formation of policies and educational programs which finally led to the educational revolution in 1345 S.H. This Study employing the traditional continuity concept in history through a descriptive – analytical approach intends to survey the plans, and the pace of the changes in girls’ educational programs as reflected in high school text books, in order to identify the identity of women and their role in the modernization of Iran.Key Terms: Women education, Innovation, Educational policies, Mohammad Reza Shah

This study investigates the impact of education on women’s empowerment in the realm of mate selection within Malakand Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Employing a mixed-method research approach, the study conducted 30 semi-structured interviews with educated women and distributed a Likert Scale questionnaire to 500 women. The qualitative findings reveals that education significantly influences women’s perspectives, guiding their priorities, and instilling a desire for compatibility and shared values in their relationships. Educated women also display resilience, confidence, and a readiness to challenge prevailing societal norms and gender stereotypes when selecting a life partner. Quantitative analysis establishes a statistically significant positive correlation between education and women’s empowerment in mate selection. These findings underscore the pivotal role of education in enhancing women’s agency and autonomy in a critical aspect of their lives. The study’s implications extend to policy recommendations advocating for increased access to quality education and the implementation of gender-sensitive curricula in Malakand Division and analogous regions. Recognizing education’s potential to empower women in mate selection is vital for fostering a more equitable and inclusive society.

This article investigates the Vivekavathi journal, established in 1909 by Protestant Christian female missionaries for women readers in the Telugu-speaking regions of the Madras Presidency, India. The study delves into the journal's influence on the formation and dissemination of Christian beliefs and values within the Telugu society during the early twentieth century, a period marked by the rise of a reading public facilitated by colonial state efforts and Christian missionary initiatives. Furthermore, the article reveals how Protestant female missionaries utilised the journal to promote a novel concept of womanhood among the Telugu-speaking population. The research underscores the journal's effective engagement with women, highlighting their active participation in shaping religious practices, an exceptional accomplishment in light of the pervasive patriarchal systems and values that often imply limited agency for women in religious contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women's safety is an essential and decisive issue in today's world. In these modern times, where technology has advanced a lot, women safety is still a matter of concern. In academic organizations, education for girls/women has become a hurdle. Education is a powerful weapon to end poverty and traditional rituals. Campuses of educational institutions have been highly affected directly or indirectly by various types of violence. Safety is a considerable factor for parents when choosing the campus for their children. Thus, it becomes the responsibility of the campus administration to provide a safe and secure environment. The paper highlights various research papers in the context of women's safety, campus safety, and women awareness. The Intelligent Women Safety App has been proposed with features like Authenticity by user and guard, Real‐Time Location of user and guard, Geo‐fencing technique, SOS facilities for the user. With the use of this app, the campus administration will attempt to provide a safe and secure environment especially for girls in the campus. Both girls and their parents will feel safe to undergo education effectively, and will help in the growth on the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Women in Culture & Art is the property of University of Tehran and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Green entrepreneurship has an extensive role in solving environmental issues and contributes significantly to friendly environmental practices. In this study, we examined the effect of green entrepreneurial intention on green entrepreneurial behavior through the mediating influence of university entrepreneurial support and moderating the role of social support. The nature of this study was cross-sectional, and data were gathered from a sample of 438 women university students. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings indicate that green entrepreneurial intention significantly impacts green entrepreneurial behavior. Meanwhile, results reveal that the indirect effect of university entrepreneurial support on the relationship between green entrepreneurial intention and green entrepreneurial behavior was positive and significant. Moreover, findings show that social support positively moderated the link between green entrepreneurial intention and green entrepreneurial behavior. Lastly, this study concludes with practical implications for educators and policymakers in Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this wonderful book, Nur Masalha challenges and transforms world history, as did his earlier Palestine: A Four Thousand Year History (2018). In this meditation I recount some of Nur Masalha's argument — not all, given the extraordinary richness of the material he has uncovered, described, and analysed — but also offer my own reflections prompted by his book. As Masalha relates in his introduction, the work is a passionate response to Zionism's historical claim that Palestinians possess no history of literacy, education, and literary culture. He shows the falsity of such a claim through multiple examples. Masalha explores, for example, the multifaceted history of education in Byzantine Palestine (Third to Early Seventh Century), based on a philosophy of 'civil society'. Palestine as a cosmopolitan and transnational world inhered in what Masalha refers to as Cities of Learning. There were famous intellectuals, such as in antiquity Josephus (AD 37-c.100) and Origen (AD 185–253). In modernity he highlights Khalil Sakakini (1878–1953), whose remarkable educational reforms, emphasizing a 'philosophy of joy', emerged at a similar time to A.S. Neill's Summerhill School in the UK. Women's education is featured, from the time of the Palestinian Madrasas under the Ayyubids and Mamluks (1187–1517) onwards, a powerful tradition which continues into the modern era. When press censorship was relaxed following the Ottoman Young Turk Revolution of 1908, there was a huge growth of newspapers, photography, and photojournalism, a remarkable figure here being the Palestinian photographer Karima 'Abboud (1893–1940). Masalha draws attention to the importance of translation in Palestinian history, especially in the important figure of Khalil Ibrahim Beidas, a relative of Edward Said, who was interested in the works of Pushkin, Gogol, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy and Gorky. There is a fascinating chapter on the interactions of Palestinian scholars and the Crusaders, with free passages of ideas, goods and technologies; arabesque became a mainstream European decorative art. The result of these multiple explorations is a major transformation in how we think about the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundHigh-risk fertility behavior (HRFB) among women is the main factor in a wide range of detrimental effects on both the mother's and the child's health, which has an impact on both the mother's and the child's survival. Early childbearing is associated with a higher number of live births and may result in poorer maternal, baby, and child health outcomes. Infant and child mortality are also linked to short birth intervals and higher birth order. Thus, this study aims to examine the link between women's education, contraception use, and high-risk fertility behavior in Ethiopia.MethodsData was drawn from the 2019 Ethiopian Interim Demographic and Health Survey. The analysis covered a total of 5,846 women. The effect of predictor variables on HRFB was quantified using multivariable logistic regression analysis. At a 95% CI of the odds ratio excluding one, a significant association between the HRFB and predictor variables was observed.ResultsAbout 72.8% (95% CI 71.6%–73.9%) of women experience high-risk fertility behaviors. Of these, 32% experience single high-risk fertility behavior, and 40.8% experience multiple high-risk fertility behaviors. Of those who experience high-risk fertility behaviors, 58.7% have birth orders of more than three, 22.4% have short birth intervals (less than 24 months); 35.1% are old (over 34 years old); and 1.6% are young (less than 18 years old). Women with no education (AOR = 4.31; 95% CI: 2.09, 8.89) and primary education only (2.71; AOR = 2.71; 95% CI: 1.63, 4.50) are more likely to engage in high-risk fertility behaviors than women with a higher level of education. Every additional year of schooling reduces the odds of high-risk fertility behavior by 6% (AOR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.98). The use of modern contraception (AOR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.622, 0.879) and knowledge of modern contraception methods (AOR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.96) reduce the risk of HRFB.ConclusionsPrimary education and a lack of education significantly raise the risk of HRFB. However, in Ethiopia, the risk of experiencing HRFB is reduced through modern contraceptive methods, awareness of modern contraceptive methods, and years of education. All initiatives to decrease maternal and newborn mortalities by reducing the risk of HRFB should educate women and encourage them to use modern contraception.

Abstract Background Women’s education and empowerment are important predictors of contraceptive use across countries. However, two of the Indian states, namely, Punjab and Manipur, showed large variations in contraceptive use, despite the similar level of women’s educational attainment and empowerment. Therefore, this paper attempts to understand variation in contraceptive use between these states, despite having similar level of educational attainment and empowerment among the married women. Methods This study primarily used cross-sectional data of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2015–16 and to some extent the District Level Household Survey (DLHS) 2012–13 data. The analytical sample includes 13,730 currently married women in Punjab and 8,872 in Manipur. Modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) is the key outcome variable of this study. Bivariate, multivariate, and multilevel regression analysis are applied to understand the differences in mCPR between these states and its determinants. Results Mean years of schooling was about 8 years among women of both the states, and about 34% of the women in Punjab and 27% of the women in Manipur have high level of autonomy. Despite this, use of modern method was 66% in Punjab and only 13% in Manipur. Coverage of family planning program indicators were significantly lower in Manipur than Punjab – frontline workers’ (FLWs) outreach for family planning was only 18% in Manipur compared to 52% in Punjab. Similarly, only 11% of the public health facilities in Manipur compared to 50% of the health facilities in Punjab were ready to provide at least one clinical method of family planning. Conclusion Despite the similar level of individual level characteristics across the two states, poor coverage of family planning programs – low outreach of FLWs, low level of facility readiness, as well as sociocultural norms discouraging contraceptive use – might be responsible for lower contraceptive use in Manipur than Punjab. This implies for strengthening the health system for family planning in Manipur to meet the contraception needs of women by addressing sociocultural barriers in the state.

In India, one of the most populous countries in the world, women make up approximately half of the country’s population. While most of Indian women hold the highest educational degrees and enter the workforce almost in every sector, rural women are lagging behind in their career development. The study was aimed at investigating the factors that inhibit and challenge rural women to progress in their career development. The study was conducted in two folds of data collection. The first fold is qualitative data using interviews with 10 rural women and their analysis using thematic analysis, and the second fold is quantitative research and data collection from 148 rural women using a semi-structured survey questionnaire based on the identified themes and analyzed using SPSS. The findings of the study illustrated various barriers related to personal, social, family, economic, and infrastructure issues. Respondents spoke about several challenges they face with not having support to continue their higher studies. Eighty-five percent of rural women demonstrated they are suppressed in society due to gender stereotypes and are predominantly overburdened with family responsibilities. Furthermore, the study recommends significant implications for Indian women and the government from a global perspective.

The present study has dived into the ideologies and attitudes of the Kuki-Chin-Mizo women in multi-dimensional areas of socio-cultural environment as equitable participation of men and women resonates across nations worldwide. The essential players and contributing elements that lift the status of indigenous women have been identified. The work starts with the idea that education, as a multifaceted tool in the transformation of thoughts and precepts, has changed women's lives in both inner and extrinsic ways. Following these concerns, an examination of many literary works revealed a number of connected ideas that are considered to be appropriate disclosures with regard to the socio-cultural context that ultimately led to the status of women inside its fold. Descriptive study methodology has been used as a result to offer an acceptable and useful approach to the job intended. Both qualitative and quantitative data sources have been used. The study found that there is frequently a misalignment in the changing society where the statuses of women fail to be fully complimentary at different levels after looking at the fundamental factors that regulate and affect the socio-cultural statuses of women. In order to strengthen the capability and competency of tribal women, it is possible to support the parity of the gender intellectually and perceptually by addressing environmental challenges that are common in the social society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study deals with women empowerment in 21st century. The aims of this study are to find out women education in precolonial, colonial and modern India, the forms of empowerment of women, the violence against women, women rights, legal protection of women in Indian constitution, the role of NGOs in women empowerment, the Government schemes and programmes for women empowerment, how education has helped womanempowerment and how Indian society is changing by women empowerment in the21st century. As a result it is observed that the historical background of women education in Indian society in Vedic era women education was good. This study also shows that women empowerment refers to increasing and improving the social, economic, political and legal strength of the women, to ensure equal-right to women and to make them confident enough to claim their rights. A country’s all round development is only possible when its women become powerful. Besides that, this study shows the constitutional rights of women, the advantages provided by various NGOs, national agencies etc. women education is inevitable to rejuvenate woman empowerment. The women will be self-conscious socially, politically and economically by education. Overall this study shows that by women empowerment Indian society is developed and changing in the 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This qualitative research was conducted with the aim of investigating the challenges of rural women's environmental literacy extension in Kermanshah province. The study population consisted of experts’ environment, natural resources, agricultural extension and nongovernmental organizations in Kermanshah province. Samples were selected using purposeful and criterion sampling method. Content analysis of data showed that the lack of systematic, comprehensive and appropriate planning with context, the lack of accountability and responsibility for environmental issues, the lack of between and within sections communication, the lack of priority of rural women in environmental education, problems related to the provision of skilled force and adequate funding for education, especially for women's education, inefficient policies and organizational structure and the lack of environmental perspectives has led to the lack of planning and proper implementation of programs and environmental education, especially for women. The results of this study can help planners to improve the level of environmental education for rural women.

Copyright of Escritos is the property of Escritos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper analyses the Eleonora Ramirez di Montalvo's experience (1602-1659): she is the founder of the congregation of the so-called Montalve. The congregation was dedicated to the education of girls humble and of noble young women. This is a case study of a certain importance, owing to the link between the Eleonora's educational project and the pastoral job of the Florentine Jesuits and owing to the success of the Montalve schools, the educational and training model realised by the congregation founded by Eleonora. It would be applied by Grand Duke Leopold of Lorraine to the female Conservatories that, by his will, were instituted after the suppression of the ecclesiastical institutions. The focus of the paper is on the relationship between Eleonora Ramirez's experience and the extremely difficult socio-sanitary and economic situation of the pandemic period (1630-1633), reading it in parallel with the activity of the Florentine Jesuits whose pastoral work and example played a very important role in stimulating and directing her educational projects. Finally, the article shows that Eleonora Ramirez's educational project was a reaction to the devastating social effects of the plague, which tragically affected the weaker social strata and women in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the current climate of international trade paradigm changing, this paper empirically investigates the effects of global value chains (GVCs) participation on gender inequalities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 1990 to 2015. The study also highlights the role of women's education in the relationship between GVC participation and gender inequalities. The static panel model specification, followed by the estimation technique robust to cross-sectional dependence augmented by country- and year-fixed effects, enabled to overcome cross-sectional dependence, endogeneity, heteroscedasticity, and error autocorrelation. The findings show that GVC participation is beneficial in reducing gender inequalities in SSA. However, these results indicate that SSA countries must turn towards the upstream GVCs participation to better control gender inequalities. Furthermore, the study finds that GVC participation in the agricultural and manufacturing sectors decreases gender inequalities compared to other sectors. Moreover, improving women's education increases the effects of reducing gender inequalities through GVC participation, especially in the manufacturing and service sectors. These outcomes are useful for policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health as a common good is of paramount importance for the world, especially in developing countries. This paper contributes to the literature by analysing the effect of climate vulnerability on child health outcomes in a sample of 107 developing countries over the period 2000–2020. We also analyse the mediating role of women's political empowerment and women's education in the relationship between climate vulnerability and child health outcomes. Using the method of generalised moments in a two-stage system and linear regression absorbing several levels of fixed effects, we found robust evidence that climate vulnerability worsens child health outcomes. We also found that women's political empowerment (WPE) and women's education mitigate the negative effect of climate vulnerability on child health outcomes. These results remain robust against several alternative tests and therefore highlight the need to better examine how the health consequences of climate vulnerability are structured by gender in developing countries. Given the importance of women as agents of change, it would be more beneficial for policymakers to include them in the decision-making process. • We use a dataset covering 107 developing countries over 21 years. • Child health outcomes: IMR, NMR, under-5 mortality rate, and vaccination coverage. • Linear regression absorbing multi-levels of fixed effects, and S-GMM are used. • Climate vulnerability leads to worse child health outcomes. • WPE and female education mitigate the effects of vulnerability on child health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Women's education and empowerment are important predictors of contraceptive use across countries. However, two of the Indian states, namely, Punjab and Manipur, showed large variations in contraceptive use, despite the similar level of women's educational attainment and empowerment. Therefore, this paper attempts to understand variation in contraceptive use between these states, despite having similar level of educational attainment and empowerment among the married women.Methods: This study primarily used cross-sectional data of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2015-16 and to some extent the District Level Household Survey (DLHS) 2012-13 data. The analytical sample includes 13,730 currently married women in Punjab and 8,872 in Manipur. Modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) is the key outcome variable of this study. Bivariate, multivariate, and multilevel regression analysis are applied to understand the differences in mCPR between these states and its determinants.Results: Mean years of schooling was about 8 years among women of both the states, and about 34% of the women in Punjab and 27% of the women in Manipur have high level of autonomy. Despite this, use of modern method was 66% in Punjab and only 13% in Manipur. Coverage of family planning program indicators were significantly lower in Manipur than Punjab - frontline workers' (FLWs) outreach for family planning was only 18% in Manipur compared to 52% in Punjab. Similarly, only 11% of the public health facilities in Manipur compared to 50% of the health facilities in Punjab were ready to provide at least one clinical method of family planning.Conclusion: Despite the similar level of individual level characteristics across the two states, poor coverage of family planning programs - low outreach of FLWs, low level of facility readiness, as well as sociocultural norms discouraging contraceptive use - might be responsible for lower contraceptive use in Manipur than Punjab. This implies for strengthening the health system for family planning in Manipur to meet the contraception needs of women by addressing sociocultural barriers in the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article looks briefly at the history of the Roman Catholic Congregation (the Daughters of Charity of Saint-Vincent-de-Paul) who proclaim the Gospel among the Levantine peoples. The religious institute of women devoted to active charitable work. They settled in Ottoman Salonica around the 1850s. Their activities were closely linked to those of the Lazarists, depending on the same superior of the Mission. Referring to the French archives of their house in Salonica and personal documents, the author briefly presents the objectives of their mission, which, until 1913, was facilitated by the Franco-Ottoman capitulations. The schools of Daughters of Charity were attended by children of different nations, including Bulgarians. The text is an initial attempt to study the schools of the women's congregations in the Balkans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Fertility is the physiological ability to have children or to produce offspring whereas; mortality means death of any member of the population. In demographic study which is basically the study of any population, fertility rate and mortality rate are considered to be important determinants alongside migration which is the settlement pattern of people from one place of origin to another. Objectives: The objective of the present cross-sectional investigation is to analyze the association of socio- economic factors with fertility and mortality among the Lepcha tribal population of North Sikkim, India. Methods: For the present investigation, data was collected from 110 married women aged 18- 60 years from different villages of Dzongu, North Sikkim. Data on fertility and mortality information were obtained from each married woman along with their spouses. Results: The mean age at marriage and age at first child birth were observed to be higher and the difference was statistically significant (p

Background: Fertility is the physiological ability to have children or to produce offspring whereas; mortality means death of any member of the population. In demographic study which is basically the study of any population, fertility rate and mortality rate are considered to be important determinants alongside migration which is the settlement pattern of people from one place of origin to another. Objectives: The objective of the present cross-sectional investigation is to analyze the association of socio- economic factors with fertility and mortality among the Lepcha tribal population of North Sikkim, India. Methods: For the present investigation, data was collected from 110 married women aged 18- 60 years from different villages of Dzongu, North Sikkim. Data on fertility and mortality information were obtained from each married woman along with their spouses. Results: The mean age at marriage and age at first child birth were observed to be higher and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Live births and surviving children with respect to education of women is statistically significant, with values for live births (F= 5.088, p<0.01) and surviving children (F=4.040, p<0.05). The number of mothers with infant mortality was observed to be higher in the low-income group (1.29±0.18). Results indicated that 81% from the low-income group have not opted for family planning, but 44.4 % have reported the use of contraceptive methods. Conclusion: The study indicates that socio-economic, socio-cultural and biological factors have an impact on fertility and mortality and has led to its decrease among the Lepcha tribal population of North Sikkim. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the Western empiricists, an awareness or familiarity gained by experience is knowledge (Hume: Noonan 1999). Knowledge is the sum total of information conserved by civilizations and education is enriched by knowledge. Education is one of the paramount ways for the achievement of women empowerment. Women empowerment is one of the most challenging steps in surmounting the hindrance in a woman's life that will finally enhance her qualities to contour her life and society. Women empowerment is integral to the achievement of all millennium development goals. Undoubtedly, the role of education in women empowerment is predominant and it has to be spread among women. So, we need to understand the importance of women's education. In order to encourage education for women the Government of West Bengal has introduced Kanyashree Prakalpa (K.P) Public Service Scheme in 2013 to provide financial assistance of Rs. 25,000 to the girl children for improving their studies. The main aim of this scheme is to reduce dropout from schools and prevent child marriage all over the state. With the help of this assistance the girl children of West Bengal made themselves empowered in different sectors such as Self Employed Tailoring, Assistant Beauty Therapist, General Duty Assistant, and Domestic Data Entry Operator and in various other sectors. The Public Libraries have a great role in achieving women empowerment by disseminating information of education, skill development training, jobs, agricultural and business related news etc towards girl children. The purpose of this study is to reconnoitre the possibilities of women empowerment through the public libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the population of over 1.36 billion (2019), India is the second most populated country and largest democracy in the world. Technical and higher education for women is still a huge challenge for India to improve the prosperity of the nation and living standards of its people. A higher women illiteracy rate is still affecting the living standards and socio-economic condition of the country. Promoting and encouraging girls' education can help control child mortality in India. A lot of measures have been taken by the Ministry of Labor and Employment in women's employment and skill development. Advanced Training Institutes conduct vocational training for girls and women. Skill is the most important bridge that can fill the gap between candidates and employment. Vocational training and education are important to improve rural incomes and productivity. Women are more likely to work as subsistence farmers, leading family members, seasonal laborers, or micro entrepreneurs at home, along with managing their domestic responsibilities. Skill development can boost employability, household productivity, and become an added source of income for women. This article is aimed to focus on the challenges for women empowerment and solutions that can help women to contribute to the nation's development and become self-reliant in their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sudden closure of educational institutions in 2020 brought multiple financial and learning challenges for Pakistani female students. In our experience, not only formal and informal learning realms of female students have been affected in the post pandemic educational landscape, but a distinct gender and digital divide (GDD) is also noticeable between technology-equipped and deprived students. Considering the theoretical perspectives of digital divide, this paper will essentially explicate the chasms existing within female students of Mass Communication in Pakistan. Given Pakistan’s conservative and patriarchal culture, it is very important to study how female students of Mass Communication, from both urban and rural areas, responded to the change after the pandemic. Through in-depth interviews of twenty female students, we argue that the COVID-19 pandemic has aggravated already existing GDD in Pakistani educational landscape. Especially the first order GDD in education can be seen frequently in Pakistani rural locations. Moreover, economic limitations and socio-cultural norms also play an essential role in exacerbating second order GDD in the Mass Communication education. Thus, in this sense, the pandemic has brought a change that is charged with exclusion and disparity. Moreover, we argue that digital divide is a gendered concept for a periphery country such as Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Educación is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Women have competed with men in all domains in today's modern world, and have excelled in all areas. But this status was not the same in earlier times. In ancient India, women had a respectful position in society. But slowly this respect declined and women's position and education, respect, freedom were somehow missing. At such time, Buddha provide a little light to women and women education. Hence, in this paper, the researcher revealed the status of women in society and women education in Buddhism period along with its curriculum and methods of teaching, providing its possible relevance in todays' world. It was a historical and analytical research, which took the help of various literary sources related to Buddhism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feminist theorists raise questions about hypotheses that are still common in the teaching fields that consist mostly of women. Education is a force that allows women to have expanded choices in the approach to capabilities and The World Bank is promoting education for women as it contributes to human capital. The purpose of this paper is to discuss women education, the teaching profession, and feminization of teaching in Ghana. It highlights and analyze why women are concerned about education, aspects of women’s education in Ghana, and why women are interested in teaching. Findings indicated that Ghanaian women are into teaching because of numerous reasons but a few of them include, the acceptance in the teaching profession i.e. they feel accepted and there is no discrimination. In addition, there is job security in the profession.