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This thesis explores resistance work in Nazi-occupied France and Vichy France during World War II. The research uses paramilitary acts of resistance as a foil to political resistance, intelligence gathering and evasive resistance, and the home front as a site of resistance to spotlight women’s contributions to the French resistance. By exploring several types of resistance work and women’s participation (or lack thereof) in various resistance organizations, this thesis seeks to not only establish the extent of women’s participation in the French resistance but also explore their challenge to the established gender roles within the resistance. This thesis explores the extent of women’s resistance activities across World War II France through internal organizations, such as the French Communist Party and the French Resistance, and external organizations like the Bureau Central de Renseignements et d’Action (BCRA), British Special Operatives Executive’s F (French) Section (SOE), the British Secret Intelligence Service, and the American Office of Strategic Services (OSS). In the context of these organizations’ activities, this thesis analyzes the gendering of resistance while considering the presence of women in various resistance organizations and their resistance activities to contextualize scope and scale of women’s contributions to resistance work in occupied and Vichy France.

Nationalism structures the representation of identities in museums. However, museums are also places where cosmopolitanism can be circulated. The scope of the current article is to approach the interplay between nationalism and cosmopolitanism in a specific context: cross-border regions. The research is based on a comparative analysis of two exhibitions with an emphasis on women's history and covering the same topic: the 1919–1920 illegal occupation of Fiume/Rijeka by the Italian poet-soldier Gabriele d'Annunzio, represented in Trieste (Italy) and Rijeka (Croatia). The results show the context and illustrate how national bordering and cosmopolitan de-bordering are circulated by representatives of the curatorship field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring the challenges and opportunities inherent in the act of "doing feminist archiving," this paper considers how archival materials have been accumulated and used in two distinct contexts: Alternative Toronto, a digital archive in Toronto, Ontario and the Atlanta Lesbian Feminist Alliance (ALFA) Archives at the Sallie Bingham Center for Women's History and Culture located in the Rubenstein Library at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. Although very different in form, scope and capacity, these archives both demonstrate tensions between archiving the self and archiving the collective, navigating blurred distinctions between creating a record and creating an archive and incorporating feminist process as archival practice. I illustrate these tensions in order to demonstrate how traditional understandings of provenance become challenged by the vast array of social, cultural and political entanglements that influence, shape and constrain feminist archiving efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objective Method Results Conclusions To investigate fractures history in women with first episode anorexia nervosa (AN) (FE‐AN: ≤ 3 years duration) and those with persistent AN (P‐AN: ≥ 7 years), compared to healthy controls (HC).One hundred nineteen women (FE‐AN = 49, P‐AN = 46 and HC = 24) completed online questionnaires on eating disorders symptoms, their menstrual and their fracture history.Average illness duration was 1.9 years (SD = 0.8) in FE‐AN and 15.3 years (SD = 8.5) in P‐AN. Lifetime history of all fractures, including stress fractures, was higher in AN groups (FE‐AN = 33.3%; P‐AN = 37.8%) than in HC (4.2%, p < 0.001). P‐AN participants were 13.4 times more likely to report a fracture compared to HC, irrespective of age, whereas F‐AN participants were 10.3 times more likely. In P‐AN, higher BMI, shorter duration of amenorrhoea and history of pregnancy were inversely associated with fracture number.There is an increased risk of bone fracture even in the early stages of AN. This could be related to a time lapse between the initial symptoms of AN and formal diagnosis. This suggests guidelines recommending bone screening after 2‐years of persistent low weight for adults should be revisited, and the risk of bone problems should be part of the dialogue between clinicians, patients and carers at the earliest opportunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation of four biographical narratives on the same person, all published since 2018 and inspired by the same epistolary corpus, demonstrates differences in authorial purpose and reader expectation across the ‘speculative spectrum’ of biographical interpretation. The subject, Elizabeth Macarthur, arrived in New South Wales in 1790. Two of the texts are works of historical scholarship, with apublishers’ classification non-fiction biography. The other two are published as novels. The authors’ differing purposes, their interpretations and their stylistic treatments of the same source material, provide an illustrative demonstration of the narrative functions of biography and biofiction. This essay examines the depiction of Elizabeth Macarthur’s life in the four texts to highlight the differences between scholarly biographies and biofictions from the perspective of their writing practices. It examines their use of speculation and literary devices and how these are signposted to the reader by evaluating the authors’ engagement with archival sources, their use of empathy and projection and their narrative techniques. It questions how biofiction can supplement or supplant traditional biography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 11 May 1789, the night before Parliament’s first debate on ending the slave trade, a woman advocated for abolition before hundreds of Londoners at a debating society. Despite her compelling oratory and numerous speeches on the slave trade, her name remains unknown, and she is recorded only as the ‘Fair Orator’. This article begins to restore her place in history by examining the role of London debating societies as crucial yet neglected venues for abolitionist advocacy in late-eighteenth-century Britain. By drawing on newspaper advertisements and government spy reports, it highlights the Fair Orator’s impact, explores her potential identity—possibly Mary Robinson—and addresses the historical anonymity that has obscured women speakers’ contributions to the abolitionist movement. The article also sheds light on the hostile environment women orators faced during this period. In doing so, it argues for the recognition of women’s vital yet often overlooked roles in the abolitionist soundscape and the campaign against the slave trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial discusses the theme of the 2022 Women's History Network conference, "Addressing the Nation," inspired by the centenary of the BBC. The conference explored women's roles as activists, politicians, journalists, writers, singers, and public figures throughout history. It also delves into the history of women in broadcasting, highlighting the challenges and progress made over the past century. The editorial showcases various research topics presented at the conference, shedding light on the diverse experiences and contributions of women in broadcasting and beyond. [Extracted from the article]

In 1993, historian of American science Margaret Rossiter introduced the concept of the "Matilda Effect," to describe a common historical pattern of women's achievements in science and medicine being ignored or purloined by male associates. At the same time, she was writing, however, professional work was being done in a variety of areas of women's history, including the medieval period from which Rossiter drew what she thought was her most salient example: the medical figure, "Trotula." In fact, "Trotula" was not a woman but the title of a book. Extensive research by professional historians has shown that the real historic woman, Trota of Salerno, was widely credited by her contemporaries (and for the next 300 years) not only for her own work but also for the work of two male writers whose texts became attached to hers in the Trotula ensemble. These findings from professional historical research have been known for over 20 years but rarely acknowledged in Science Studies. The present study proposes that a corrected understanding of Trota's story provides a useful example, not of the Matilda Effect, but of the ways gender functions to restrict even famous women to certain roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the perspectives of in-service teachers in Spain on the integration of women's history in the formal education curriculum. The data were collected from a general invitation extended to primary and secondary education history teachers. However, the respondents to the questionnaire were 88 teachers who self-identified as feminists. The participants were invited to complete a free word association exercise regarding the possibility of integrating women's history in their classes. The lexical content of their narratives was analysed using the Reinert method. The results demonstrate that teachers express criticism of the existing history curriculum, citing the absence of content about women in textbooks and advocating for their inclusion in history classes. The respondents recognized the challenges of acknowledging the role of women in different epochs and the need to create female historical references and break with traditional gender stereotypes. It can be concluded that there is a presence of critical awareness and a favourable attitude towards the introduction of content linked to women's history, and that teachers tend to agree with the arguments presented in the scientific literature of recent decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis article explores issues of gender imbalance in the historical record of the period of technological development of the internet. It revisits the approach by authors, mostly women, who have criticised the lack of representation of women in the recorded history of technologies. It suggests that women in the period 1980s – 2000s may have been considered as not relevant to the technological record of that period because they were mostly working in invisible support roles, or leading on governance and commercial development matters. Overcoming centuries of discriminatory treatment women enablers have made significant contributions to the growth of new technology organisations but their involvement has been largely hidden from view by gatekeepers seeking to focus on and celebrate the mostly male led engineering and information technology achievements. Illustrated with exemplars from women collected especially for this article, it recommends further study about the roles of the women enablers to complement the already well documented histories in the era of the internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite her prolific publication history, Anne Dutton (1692–1765) has received little in-depth scholarly attention. Working with a select coterie of dissenting printers and booksellers in London from her home in Great Gransden, Huntingdonshire, Dutton published in nearly every genre popular with eighteenth-century women writers: diary, autobiography, hymns, poems, letters, formal religious discourse and polemical treatises. Her writings reveal a powerful voice that allowed Dutton to enter areas of pastoral ministry unknown to any other eighteenth-century Baptist woman. Her vivid and accessible prose made her one of the most popular religious writers during the Evangelical Revival of the late 1730s and early 1740s. Dutton exhibited a mature brand of authorial power as a woman writer across three decades and more than sixty volumes of printed letters and religious treatises on topics that few women of her day dared to approach, cleverly redefining the limits of public and private spheres for women writers in her two defences of the right of women to publish. Dutton's writings laid the groundwork upon which dissenting women like Maria de Fleury and Mary Hays would build in the latter decades of the eighteenth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last 15 years, mainstream use of the term 'side hustle' has boomed. But the act of having a side hustle is not new; the term's novelty obscures a long‐established pattern of 'sideline earning' by Australian rural women, and indeed around the world. Through the lens of environmental, labour and gender history, and using interviews, digital media, diaries, court records, newspaper and magazine articles and other archival records, this research explores how Australian rural women have engaged in and relied on the practice of sideline earning as an economic necessity, long before it entered the mainstream economy and consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known about the history of female investing in Australia. We develop a new dataset of company shareholders between 1857 and 1937, covering all major sectors of the economy. We calculate the female fraction of shareowners, their occupational and geographic backgrounds, and we analyse their investment patterns and behaviours including their risk profiles and portfolio construction decisions. Our findings suggest that 'gender equity'—and more—had been reached, for some companies, by the interwar period. Women investors came from many walks of life, had various motives, and appear to have largely acted independently of other women and of men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Civilising Brisbane: an introduction to three women who changed the town, 1859 to 1890" in the Queensland History Journal discusses the contributions of Diamantina Bowen, Eliza O’Connell, and Ellen Whitty in improving the lives of women and children in Brisbane during the 19th century. These women faced challenges such as social problems, gender imbalance, and lack of essential services, but worked together to make Brisbane a better place to live. Their efforts in areas like education, healthcare, and social welfare had a lasting impact on the community, despite facing indifference and criticism from some members of society. [Extracted from the article]

There has not been a specific history of supervising women in the community. This article, therefore, describes the early neglect of work with women and the period of change from the 1970s when women became more visible and the criminal justice system's response to them began to face scrutiny. It posits the story against the background of increased awareness of gender discrimination and efforts to reduce the use of imprisonment by addressing women's criminogenic and social needs through community‐based supervision. It juxtaposes innovative work initiated by practitioners and managers to years of unfulfilled policy promises. An essential part of the story is the attempt to integrate feminist perspectives into policy and practice at a time of organisational and political turbulence. It concludes that our increased understanding of criminalised women presents the opportunity of breaking the frustrating cycle of governmental ‘enthusiasm‐disillusion‐indifference’ and making a genuine contribution to equality and social justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Bly in Blackwell's: A Turning Point for Mental Health and Journalism" tells the story of Nellie Bly, a Pennsylvania-born investigative journalist. In 1887, Bly was set with the task of writing and reporting on an infamous insane asylum in New York—The Lodge on Blackwell's Island. To do this, Bly acted "insane" and was sent to the institution as a patient so she could report on its inhumane conditions and expose it firsthand. After over a week of work in a terrifying environment, Bly was able to leave and wrote a two-part article for The New York World that was later published as Ten Days in a Mad-House. By making this brave effort, Nellie Bly changed the course of journalism and mental health, especially for women. This historical article shares the steps of Bly's journey and shows just how much of an effect this plucky young writer had on our world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Southwestern Historical Quarterly announces the 129th Annual Meeting of the Texas State Historical Association in Houston from February 27 to March 1, 2025, featuring over 150 speakers, banquets, receptions, and an auction of Texana. The event includes a President's Dinner Gala and opportunities for organizations to collaborate and host meetings. The document also highlights various awards, prizes, and fellowships available for historians and educators, as well as upcoming publications and events related to Texas history. [Extracted from the article]

The article delves into the historiography of women's intellectual history in the twentieth century, shedding light on the marginalization of women in traditional narratives. It emphasizes the efforts of women scholars in uncovering the intellectual contributions of women, particularly women of color, challenging prevailing historical accounts. The text critiques the gendered and racial biases in intellectual history, advocating for a more inclusive approach that acknowledges and integrates the work of women scholars. It underscores the significance of historical recovery and a deeper understanding of historiography to prevent the loss and rediscovery of valuable narratives. [Extracted from the article]

This practice-based paper presents The Lesbian Quilt Manifesto. This document frames, and states the aims of my practice-led research method. It is a polemical proposal for the Quilt as an effective methodology for re-visioning lesbian archive materials. The manifesto is part of a lineage of queer manifestos that demand and declare, including the Lesbian Avengers, ACT Up, Zoe Leonard and Paul B. Preciado. The Lesbian Quilt Manifesto answers some important questions like: What is a quilt? What is a lesbian? Why would you make a lesbian quilt? The manifesto situates the research method within the histories of women's marginalized creative production, domestic labor and communication through craft. It unsettles cozy, complacent imaginings of the quilt as a passive historical object, and re-positions the quilt as a dangerous object. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the history of Finnish academic women and examines the discussions about women's academic education and women scholars that took place in two Finnish magazines of the women's movement between 1890 and 1939. The article examines how the two magazines addressed the topics and represented academic women and women scholars. The results indicate that at first, access to higher education and the complex status of female students at the university were the centre of attention in the discussions. The discussions were supplemented by new tones, strengthening the support for educational equality in relation to human rights with utilitarian perspectives. The emphasis of the topics shifted during the first decade of the twentieth century, when the magazines raised public awareness of the career paths for women scholars. The representations of academic women and women scholars also highlighted the efforts of the women's movement to promote the scholarly work of women pioneering in academic circles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the historiography of post-war migration to Britain, many authors have used oral history to explore women's history of migration to and their lived experiences in Britain. However, current historiographical attention to the Chinese in Britain neglects post-war experiences, particularly those of women, and is yet to engage with rich oral history collections. Drawing on the voices of twelve women, this paper argues that, against the backdrop of relaxing exit controls in post-1978 China, women utilised socioeconomic resources and navigated accessible routes for crossing regional and national borders, displaying their will and resilience to use migration as a means of personal development, and, in some cases, showed pragmatism in seeking to emigrate. This paper expands the historiography of Chinese migration to Britain and adds to our understanding of gender and migration. It indicates that, despite their seeking personal development, Chinese women's migration was conditioned by family responsibilities, and their narratives of migration incorporated consideration of family members. It highlights how changing policies in China enabled and motivated women's migration to and permanent settlement in Britain. Teasing out these rationales helps us to rethink the history of ethnic minorities in Britain, moving beyond a (post)imperial framing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ayer: Revista de Historia Contemporánea is the property of Asociacion de Historia Contemporanea and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Women in prison experience a double digital divide, due to gendered discrimination and carceral isolation. We focus on a recent policy change in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, whereby digital devices were provided to incarcerated people. This policy change is considered in light of women's trauma histories and the importance of community and family connection. We respond to themes presented at the United Nations' Sixty-Seventh Session on the Commission of the Status of Women, specifically achieving equality and empowerment for all women and girls in the digital age. Incarcerated women must be prioritized when addressing the gendered digital divide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on foreign historiography devoted to the place and role of women in Anglo-Saxon society of the 7th – 11th centuries. Based on a review of the main academic publications, three successive periods are identified: the end of the 19th – 1st half of the 20th cc. – the beginning of the study of early medieval English women as subjects of history; 1950–1980s – the beginning of systematic research in this area; the turn of the 1980–1990s to our days – a significant increase in the number of publications due to the wide use of gender methodology. While in the second period medievalists demonstrated the importance of women in Anglo-Saxon society, historians of subsequent generations sought to emphasize their suppression. It is shown that despite the extensive number of special works, in modern medieval studies there is no holistic understanding of the position of women in early medieval England.

In Australia, several rounds of policy and training reforms, and investments by governments, industry and other stakeholders, have fallen short of meeting the learning and employment needs of women. Their level of engagement in education, through Vocational Education and Training (VET), for example, remains below expectation. In this paper, we use a practice theory lens to examine literature on the history of VET for women in Australia and analyse the kinds of arrangements that have enabled and constrained women’s participation in vocational fields, completion of certification, and subsequent employment outcomes. Historicising practices is critical for understanding the extent to which the conditions of the ‘past’ can be traced to the conditions of ‘present’ to identify the intrinsically ‘ecologically’ relatedness between remnants of practices as they are encountered and change over time, to advance practices and practice architectures themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contemporary Indonesia, women composers can be considered as the Other. They are outnumbered, forgotten, and excluded in a patriarchal, male dominated music landscape. They are also disconnected from each other, and lost in the long history of Indonesian women composer's music and discourse. In 2021, amidst the darkest isolation as the world reeled from COVID–19, Indonesian women composers started to form a collective movement. This paper tells the stories of how women composers reconnected their ideas of solidarity through various online platforms. It captures an autoethnography of the networking process, one which seeks to follow the trace of musical exploration and resistance—a story of a woman becoming a composer in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wendy L. Rouse's book, "Public Faces, Secret Lives: A Queer History of the Women's Suffrage Movement," provides a comprehensive and multicultural perspective on the history of woman suffrage in the United States. Rouse argues that queer people played a crucial role in the movement, but their stories were often erased by other activists who wanted to present a respectable image. The book explores how suffragists challenged gender norms in their personal dress and style, examines the relationships and networks formed within the movement, and discusses how queer suffragists used public space to legitimize their identities. Rouse's work sheds light on the diversity of the suffrage movement and challenges previous scholarship that focused on middle- and upper-class white progressives. [Extracted from the article]

Exploring the roles and activities of Australian Baptist women is essential to present a complete history of the Australian Baptist denomination. Many historical narratives do not include women's work in the denomination despite their numerical dominance. This article provides a brief overview of women's work in their congregations and the broader denomination from 1920 to 1945. Women's organisations were important as a vehicle for women's ministries and fundraising, and they enabled talented individuals to be involved in leading and managing organisations, as well as demonstrating their theological views through speeches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eve Zaremba (born 1930), a Polish Canadian feminist writer and activist, business owner, and marketing executive, has earned a place in the history of Canadian women's struggle for equality. Through her involvement in the founding and publishing of the feminist newspaper Broadside: A Feminist Review (1979–1989), she was able to bring readers' attention to many social issues, and by writing a series of detective stories featuring a lesbian detective, she earned the distinction of creating the first openly lesbian PI in the detective genre. Her autobiography, The Broad Side: Reflections on a Long Life, examines closely the forces that shaped her personality, especially her childhood in prewar Warsaw, her intellectual parents, the horror of World War II, and her education in Scotland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salar Mohandesi's book, "Red Internationalism: Anti-Imperialism and Human Rights in the Global Sixties and Seventies," explores the intellectual history of anti-Vietnam War activism in the 1960s and 1970s. Mohandesi examines the influence of Leninism on radical activists and how anti-imperialist arguments based on national self-determination gained traction. The book also delves into the rise of human rights rhetoric and its eventual supplanting of anti-imperialist internationalism. Overall, Mohandesi's work contributes to the scholarship on the Global Sixties, anti-Vietnam War activism, and the emergence of human rights discourse in the 1970s. [Extracted from the article]

The Journal of Women's History explores the theme of "becoming" in its latest issue. The articles cover a range of topics, including the influence of Susan Stryker in trans* studies and women's history, the entrepreneurial endeavors of an enslaved woman in eighteenth-century Louisiana, the advocacy work of Egyptian feminist Nawal El Saadawi, the transnational networks formed by Japanese girls' school alumnae, the anticolonial activism of rural Nigerian women, and the equal pay movement led by clerical workers in the United States. The book review essays discuss recent publications on women's biography and religious history. Overall, this issue offers diverse perspectives on the processes that shape gender identities and the potential for change in the future. [Extracted from the article]

On August 25, 1879, nineteen-year-old Eliza Francis Levesay, the daughter of a tenant farmer, and twenty-five-year-old William Miers, the son of a prosperous landowner and farmer, traveled from rural Decatur County, Indiana, to the county seat of Greensburg. Eliza was pregnant, and local dentist Columbus C. Burns performed an abortion on the young woman. Eliza miscarried the pregnancy in her parents' home days later, and Miers and Burns were charged by the Decatur County Court with procuring an abortion and second-degree murder. The trial garnered local, regional, and national attention. Using long-unknown court documents—including Eliza's deposition, taken by the mayor of Greensburg—author Madeleine Boesche recounts a story of premarital sex and out-of-wedlock pregnancy, community standards and secrets, social class, and the practice of abortion in the nineteenth-century rural Midwest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Secuencia: Revista de Historia y Ciencias Sociales is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones - Dr. Jose M. Luis Mora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dearq is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: National level Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) is normal in Bangladesh despite its patriarchal social structures, strong son preference, and low fertility level, widely recognized as preconditions for Gender-Biased Sex Selection (GBSS). To better understand this anomaly, we examine the trend in SRB in a sub-district in Bangladesh and assess the impact of the introduction of fetal sex-detection technology and the history of induced abortion on child sex using longitudinal data. Methods: We have used secondary data collected routinely by icddr, b's Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) between 1982 and 2018. All births occurring during this period (N = 206,390) were included in the analyses. We calculated the SRB and used multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess the likelihood of birth of a male child before and after the introduction of ultrasonogram in Matlab. Results: Overall, SRB was within the natural limit (106) during 1982–2018 in Matlab. SRB among women with a history of induced abortion was 109.3 before the introduction of ultrasonography in 2001 and 113.5 – after 2001. Women's history of induced abortion prior to introduction of ultrasonogram (1982–2000) increased the likelihood of birth of a male child 1.06 times (AOR 1.06; 95% CI- 1.01–1.11). In the period after, however, this likelihood was 1.08 (AOR 1.08; 95% CI- 1.02–1.15). Conclusions: In a context with normal SRB, it was found to be skewed among women who had induced abortion. SRB was relatively more skewed among such women after the advent of ultrasonogram compared to a period without ultrasonogram. Moreover, induced abortion after introduction of fetal sex determination technology increased the likelihood of birth of a male child. These findings suggest the plausibility of GBSS in a sub-group. Further research is needed, particularly in regions with skewed SRB to examine whether GBSS is indeed a threat to Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To study retinal and choroidal microcirculation by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in pregnant women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and to compare them with healthy pregnant and nonpregnant subjects. Methods: Pregnant women with an unexplained history of RSA (group 1), healthy pregnant (group 2), and healthy non-pregnant women (group 3) were included in the study. After a thorough ophthalmologic examination:best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure,slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundus examination,autorefractometer, biometry, and axial length measurement; OCT and OCTA measurements were performed with Swept Source OCT-Angiography (Topcon Co, Japan). Results: The nonpregnant group had higher values for central foveal superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) vessel density (VD) and lower values for superior, inferior, and mean VD compared with pregnant groups (p < 0.001). Choriocapillaris values (CC) VD were higher in groups 1 and 2 than in group 3 (p < 0.001). The group with unexplained RSA had a relatively smaller FAZ (foveal avascular zone) area than the group of healthy pregnant women (p:0.047). There were no statistically significant differences between groups in the retina, retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, and choroidal thickness (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Although our study did not identify any etiology in pregnant women with RSA, we observed detectable differences in FAZ area and vessel density values using OCTA, when comparing them with healthy pregnant women and healthy nonpregnant controls. We believe that OCTA, as used in many pathologies such as diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy and retinal vascular occlusion, can also be extended to unexplained RSA both to detect etiology and to monitor treatment in studies with a larger number of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are a priority population for hepatitis B care. Identification of HBV status prior to pregnancy would facilitate timely maternal interventions and perinatal care. In our study, we aimed to study the epidemiology of CHB among women of childbearing age (WoCBA, 18–49 years) in Alberta, Canada. We retrospectively analysed Alberta Analytics databases to study CHB epidemiology, natural history and care linkage among WoCBA in Alberta, between April 2012 and March 2021. A Poisson regression was conducted to estimate incidence of newly identified CHB cases and prevalence trends, whereas predictors of care linkage were determined using logistic regression. Age/sex‐adjusted incidence of newly identified CHB among WoCBA between 2015 and 2020 was 36.2/100,000 person/years, highest among individuals aged 30–39 years. Incidence of newly identified CHB decreased from 52.6 to 18.2/100,000 between 2015 and 2020, but prevalence increased from 131.7 to 248.6/100,000 in the same period. Newly identified CHB incident cases (n = 2124) had lower survival rates than age/sex‐matched Canadians, with a standardized mortality ratio of 5.7 (95% CI 2.6–11.0). Increasing age (years) at diagnosis (HR, 1.2; 95% CI 1.1–1.3) was independently associated with mortality. Comorbid hepatocellular carcinoma, anti‐HBV treatment and year of diagnosis were not significantly associated with mortality. Of the 1927 women with 2436 hepatitis B surface antigen‐positive pregnancies from 2012 to 2020, only 27.6% had recommended HBV assessment during pregnancy. Of those women meeting criteria for antiviral therapy to prevent mother‐to‐child transmission (MTCT), only 66.4% received treatment. Suboptimal management during pregnancy and overall lower survival rates highlight the need to address care linkage barriers in women of childbearing age living with CHB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historical fiction has long been one of television's most prominent genres. It was not until the advent of streaming TV in the 21st century, however, that the genre reached its radical feminist potential. Written, directed, produced by and starring women, contemporary women's historical fiction has exploded as both a marketable and an ideological genre. Three series - Good Girls Revolt (Amazon, 2016), Mrs. America (Hulu, 2020), and Halt and Catch Fire (AMC, 2014–17)—exemplify women's challenge to the orthodoxy of male-driven historical fiction. These three shows not only reclaim women's 20th Century American histories, but they also refute accepted conceptualizations of the genre and of History itself. Through circular storytelling, the blending of fact and fiction, and new female archetypes, these three series narrate coherent and consistent women's histories heretofore missing in popular memory. From this foundation, these series discuss, debate, and fantasize about women's lived experiences in the past, as well as commenting on the present and dreaming about the future of women's lives and desires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The private writings of two Southern Baptist women missionaries in China are analyzed to deepen our understanding of women's perspectives on their daily lives. After reviewing secondary research on married and single women's work in China, the author uses primary source examples from family letters and diaries to illustrate differences in responsibilities and opportunities for single and married women, and how motherhood changed their relationship to their work even further. Requirements for "homemaking", and a "civilizing mission" expected of married women, increased pressure on missionary wives. Single women, arriving in larger numbers in the early 20th century, were able to focus only on the mission work and accomplish more. The success and productivity of single women further marginalized married women, particularly those with children, who could not keep up with their single counterparts in the mission work. By exploring these two exemplars we can draw an even more nuanced picture of the many ways Baptist women missionaries negotiated their callings in light of their family status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThrough recovered biographies and unpublished archival papers, I examine the connection of two Black clubwomen, Frances Reynolds Keyser and Mary McLeod Bethune, who shared a modest ceremony that bonded them for life. I argue that their private relationship was deeper than they could credibly portray through their public image at the time, bound as they were by the strictures of respectability politics. Their cultivation of respectability was an irreplaceable asset in, and indeed a necessity of their work, but it also demanded the presentation of normative heterosexuality. In addition, I conducted a creative investigation of the archives to draw attention to their everyday lives and experiences in Daytona. Many Black women activists’ experiences do not conform to the white male-centric narrative ethos present and the assumption of heterosexuality is a dominant yet wholly inaccurate narrative on Black club women’s legacies and activism. Biographical recoveries can change, complicate, and enhance our understanding of these women’s relationships regarding their well-curated public personas as clubwomen. This study aims to provide an intellectual history of Black women through the club movement by putting biographical data front and center, especially by examining their own words. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feminist activists have always been invested in the processes of history-making, drawing inspiration from their predecessors and ensuring their own historical legacies. For participants at Greenham Common Women’s Peace Camp, history played an important role in the written, visual, and artistic culture of the camp, but it also generated sharp debates over who was allowed to define these histories. It was through these debates that women at Greenham Common remade their politics, defining what it meant for women to be rebellious both in the contemporary moment and in the past. Activist-led modes of history-making defied established chronologies of women’s politics by shaping new timelines of influence, solidarity, and shared experiences. This article views Greenham women as producers of history, examining the use of historical symbolism in their direct action and explorations of identity. The final section focuses on the efforts of a small group of women based at the Yellow Gate camp to create a cohesive legacy of the Greenham Peace Camp. Overall, this article demonstrates how feminist activists have challenged concepts of historical expertise and legacy through the production and consumption of diverse forms of history-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our understanding of history reveals far more about ourselves than the subjects analyzed. Within this Viewpoint, the six wives of King Henry VIII become a case study for each generation’s identities and how it plays a role in the interpretations of women’s histories. Katherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Katherine Howard, and Katherine Parr are some of the most instantly recognizable historical British women, and yet primary sources are mainly void of their personal voices, lost to history amongst a wave of political agendas, misogyny, and religious vendettas. At different periods, they have been victims, sluts, saints, and feminist icons. This article attempts to analyze some of those most iconic interpretations of these women and what influences from that specific era played a role in the depiction. In the end, the practice of history itself is fallible, meaning that the real identities of the six wives of Henry VIII have been lost to us. However, the act of analyzing them, no matter how imperfect, ensures that their memories live on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rani Lakshmi Bai, the Queen of Jhansi, is not only remembered for her bravery during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 but also as an enduring symbol of feminist resistance in Indian history. This article explores how Rani Lakshmi Bai's life, leadership, and struggle against colonial rule have shaped modern Indian feminist movements. It investigates how her image has been reconstructed by feminist scholars, activists, and cultural narratives to challenge patriarchy and colonialism, and how her legacy inspires contemporary feminist struggles in India. Through a critical analysis of historical accounts, literary representations, and feminist interpretations, this article argues that Rani Lakshmi Bai's legacy transcends her immediate historical context, emerging as a potent symbol of female empowerment in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text highlights the history of women's activism in the UK, particularly focusing on the Women's Liberation Movement (WLM) that emerged in 1969. It acknowledges the lack of awareness within the WLM about the history of women's movements in the UK and explores the development of women's history as a field of study. It also mentions the achievements of various organizations and publications in uncovering the extent and range of women's activism before and after 1918. [Extracted from the article]

Focussing on the life-long activism of former suffragette and feminist Hazel Hunkins-Hallinan this article presents an innovative re-appraisal of histories of the women’s movement in England during the 1960s and 1970s. Adopting a micro-history approach the article uses Hunkins-Hallinan’s experience of feminist activism to make two connected arguments. The first is to challenge the suggestion that post-suffrage feminist societies such as the Six Point Group lost their ability to participate in and influence campaigns for gender equality into the second half of the twentieth century. The second is to ensure that the contributions made by older women to the women’s movement during the 1960s and 1970s are no longer obscured by the emergence of the Women’s Liberation Movement. Drawing on both arguments the article reveals the previously hidden co-operation and intersection between older and younger generations of women campaigning for women’s rights during these two pivotal decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "HOUSEHOLDS AS HISTORICAL ETHNOGRAPHY: PEOPLE IN MOTION AND ROADS TO SCHOOL" by Julia Clancy-Smith explores the intersection of internal migration and children's schooling in colonial North Africa. It argues that familial displacements were often driven by educational aspirations for the next generation, leading to small movements that redefined notions of childhood and youth. The text delves into the lives of four Tunisians, including prominent figures like Habib Bourguiba and Tawhida Ben Shaykh, to illustrate how childhood experiences and educational journeys shaped their trajectories. Additionally, the article challenges traditional paradigms of colonial education and highlights the importance of revisiting microhistories of families and children in understanding complex social dynamics in North Africa. [Extracted from the article]

Infected aneurysms, though rare, present significant challenges in contemporary medical practice. Coined by Sir William Osler in 1885, the term "mycotic aneurysm" encompasses infections of native arteries and preexisting aneurysms, posing life-threatening risks of arterial rupture and recurrence. We discuss a case involving a 51-yearold woman with a giant infected aneurysm, highlighting the complexities in diagnosis. The patient presented with bleeding from her left ear, a fluctuating neck mass, and decreased hearing. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) played a crucial role in revealing the infected giant aneurysm in the left internal carotid artery, associated with arteriovenous malformation and fistula. Additionally, incidental findings included aneurysms in the right internal carotid and bilateral vertebral arteries. The case underscores the importance of a high index of suspicion and advanced diagnostic tools for timely and accurate diagnosis. The rarity of experienced centers in managing such cases, coupled with a lack of consensus in diagnostic criteria, poses challenges for treatment improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article builds on previous literary scholarship to analyse the social and publication history of the enormously successful Lettres portugaises (1669), five letters published in the voice of an anonymous Portuguese nun to a French officer. Although the letters were based on an ancient model, this article suggests that their references to contemporary gendered constructions of biology and love, especially for enclosed women, were successfully used by publishers to commercialise a historically recurring gender binary of heterosexual love: men were rejected and women were abandoned. The popularity of the text was such that it entrenched notions of women's helplessness in matters of the heart for almost three centuries. This article argues that the Lettres portugaises' success was as much the result of the text's literary qualities as it was of the canny paratextual strategies deployed by seventeenth‐ and eighteenth‐century publishers to sell the book, its sequels and its imitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]