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Wrapped composite joints excel as an alternative to welded joints, exhibiting superior static and fatigue performance. This paper presents an experimental investigation into the failure mechanisms and load-bearing capacity of wrapped composite joints under multi-axial monotonic loading. The study aims to explore the effectiveness of wrapped composite joints in resisting multi-axial loads and gain insight into failure modes. Results reveal exceptional resistance to uniaxial tension, bending, and multi-axial tension+bending. Failure modes include interfacial debonding, delamination, composite fracture, and steel yielding. Strain monitoring via Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and embedded optical fibers confirms these findings, highlighting significant multi-axial loading resistance., Paper 78

PFAS (per- en polyfluoralkylstoffen) is een groep stoffen die door mensen zijn gemaakt. Bij de productie en het gebruik van producten waar PFAS in zitten kunnen deze stoffen in het milieu terechtkomen. Uit onderzoek van het RIVM blijkt dat PFAS overal in Nederland in het grondwater kunnen zitten. Het gaat meestal om lage concentraties. De hoogste concentraties PFAS zijn gevonden in het grondwater dat net onder het bodemoppervlak zit, direct onder het maaiveld. Maar ook in dieper en ouder grondwater zijn PFAS gemeten. Het gaat dan vooral om PFAS die niet snel aan deeltjes in de bodem vast gaan zitten. Daardoor kunnen zij gemakkelijk met het grondwater meestromen en zich verspreiden. Uit eerder onderzoek van het RIVM bleek al dat PFAS overal in de bodem zitten. De metingen voor het onderzoek naar grondwater zijn voor een deel op dezelfde locaties gedaan als het bodemonderzoek. Het RIVM heeft daardoor kunnen onderzoeken of er een verband is tussen concentraties in de bodem en in het grondwater. Dat verband is niet gevonden. Het RIVM vermoedt dat bij de lage concentraties in het grondwater verschillende factoren invloed hebben op de verhouding tussen PFAS in bodem en grondwater. Bijvoorbeeld de hoeveelheid regen en de stroomsnelheid van het grondwater. In andere onderzoeken is dit verband wel aangetoond. Volgens het RIVM gaat het dan om plekken waar lokaal hoge concentraties PFAS in het grondwater zaten, bijvoorbeeld nadat een brand met blusschuim is geblust. Blusschuim bevat PFAS.

Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 177 (1977): Bonner Jahrbücher

There is scarce information on the influence of dairy consumption between main meals on the overall diet quality through childhood, constituting the main aim of this research. From the Identification and prevention of Dietary-and lifestyle induced health EFfects In Children and infantS (IDEFICS) study, and based on the data availability in each period due to drop outs, 8807 children aged 2 to 9.9 years from eight European countries at baseline (T0: 2007–2008); 5085 children after two years (T1); and 1991 after four years (T3), were included in these analyses. Dietary intake and the Diet Quality Index (DQI) were assessed by two 24 hours dietary recalls (24-HDR) and food frequency questionnaire. Consumption of milk and yogurt (p = 0.04) and cheese (p < 0.001) at snack meal occasions was associated with higher DQI scores in T0; milk and yogurt (p < 0.001), and cheese (p < 0.001) in T1; and cheese (p = 0.05) in T3. Consumers of milk (p = 0.02), yogurt (p < 0.001), or cheese (p < 0.001) throughout T0 and T1 at all snack moments had significantly higher scores of DQI compared to non-consumers. This was also observed with the consumption of cheese between T1 and T3 (p = 0.03). Consumption of dairy products at snack moments through childhood is associated with a better overall diet quality, being a good strategy to improve it in this period.

Persistent and, in particular, neuropathic pain is a major healthcare problem with still insufficient pharmacological treatment options. This triggered research activities aimed at finding analgesics with a novel mechanism of action. Results of these efforts will need to pass through the phases of drug development, in which experimental human pain models are established components e.g. implemented as chemical hyperalgesia induced by capsaicin. We aimed at ranking the various readouts of a human capsaicin-based pain model with respect to the most relevant information about the effects of a potential reference analgesic. In a placebo‐controlled, randomized cross‐over study, seven different pain‐related readouts were acquired in 16 healthy individuals before and after oral administration of 300 mg pregabalin. The sizes of the effect on pain induced by intradermal injection of capsaicin were quantified by calculating Cohen's d . While in four of the seven pain‐related parameters, pregabalin provided a small effect judged by values of Cohen's d exceeding 0.2, an item categorization technique implemented as computed ABC analysis identified the pain intensities in the area of secondary hyperalgesia and of allodynia as the most suitable parameters to quantify the analgesic effects of pregabalin. Results of this study provide further support for the ability of the intradermal capsaicin pain model to show analgesic effects of pregabalin. Results can serve as a basis for the designs of studies where the inclusion of this particular pain model and pregabalin is planned.

This study aimed to investigate metabolic status in children and its transitions into adolescence. METHODS: The analysis was based on 6768 children who participated in the European IDEFICS/I.Family cohort (T0 2007/2008, T1 2009/2010 and/or T3 2013/2014; mean ages: 6.6, 8.4 and 12.0 years, respectively) and provided at least two measurements of waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipids over time. Latent transition analysis was used to identify groups with similar metabolic status and to estimate transition probabilities. RESULTS: The best-fitting model identified five latent groups: (i) metabolically healthy (61.5%; probability for group membership at T0); (ii) abdominal obesity (15.9%); (iii) hypertension (7.0%); (iv) dyslipidaemia (9.0%); and (v) several metabolic syndrome (MetS) components (6.6%). The probability of metabolically healthy children at T0 remaining healthy at T1 was 86.6%; when transitioning from T1 to T3, it was 90.1%. Metabolically healthy children further had a 6.7% probability of developing abdominal obesity at T1. Children with abdominal obesity at T0 had an 18.5% probability of developing several metabolic syndrome (MetS) components at T1. The subgroup with dyslipidaemia at T0 had the highest chances of becoming metabolically healthy at T1 (32.4%) or at T3 (35.1%). Only a minor proportion of children showing several MetS components at T0 were classified as healthy at follow-up; 99.8% and 88.3% remained in the group with several disorders at T1 and T3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified five distinct metabolic statuses in children and adolescents. Although lipid disturbances seem to be quite reversible, abdominal obesity is likely to be followed by further metabolic disturbances.