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2. Floating-Harbor syndrome: Presentation of the first Romanian patient with a SRCAP mutation and review of the literature

Author

Budisteanu M, Bögershausen N, Papuc SM, Moosa S, Thoenes M, Riga D, Arghir A, and Wollnik B

Subjects
clinical management, floating-harbor syndrome (fhs), snf2-related crebbp activator protein (srcap) gene, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Floating-Harbor syndrome (FHS) is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by short stature with delayed bone age, retarded speech development, intellectual disability and dysmorphic facial features. Recently, dominant mutations almost exclusively clustered in the final exon of the Snf2-related CREBBP activator protein (SRCAP) gene were identified to cause FHS. Here, we report a boy with short stature, speech delay, mild intellectual disability, dysmorphic features, and with genetically confirmed FHS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first molecularly confirmed case with this syndrome reported in Romania. An intensive program of cognitive and speech stimulation, as well as yearly neurological, psychological, ophthalmological, otorhinolaryngological, pediatric and endocrinological monitoring for our patient were designed. We propose a checklist of clinical features suggestive of FHS, based on the main clinical features, in order to facilitate the diagnosis and clinical management of this rare condition.

Published
2018
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3. Expanding the spectrum of EEF1D neurodevelopmental disorders: biallelic variants in the guanine exchange domain

Author

Averdunk, L., Al-Thihli, K., Surowy, H., Lüdecke, H.J., Drechsler, M., Yigit, G., Smorag, L., Hallak, B.A., Li, Y., Altmüller, J., Guthoff, T., Wallot, M., Nürnberg, P., Wollnik, B., Abou Jamra, R., Al-Maawali, A., and Wieczorek, D.

Subjects
Technology Platforms
Abstract

Protein translation is an essential cellular process and dysfunctional protein translation causes various neurodevelopmental disorders. The eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) delivers aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome, while the eEF1B complex acts as a guanine exchange factor (GEF) of GTP for GDP indirectly catalyzing the release of eEF1A from the ribosome. The gene EEF1D encodes the eEF1Bδ subunit of the eEF1B complex. EEF1D is alternatively spliced giving rise to one long and three short isoforms. Two different homozygous, truncating variants in EEF1D had been associated with severe intellectual disability and microcephaly in two families. The published variants only affect the long isoform of EEF1D that acts as a transcription factor of heat shock element proteins. By exome sequencing, we identified two different homozygous variants in EEF1D in two families with severe developmental delay, severe microcephaly, spasticity, and failure to thrive with optic atrophy, poor feeding, and recurrent aspiration pneumonias. The EEF1D variants of this study are localized in the C-terminal GEF domain suggesting that a disturbed protein translation machinery might contribute to the neurodevelopmental phenotype. Pathogenic variants localized in both the alternatively spliced domain or in the GEF domain of EEF1D cause a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly and spasticity.

Published
2023

4. Somatic mosaicism in STAG2-associated cohesinopathies: Expansion of the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum

Author

Schmidt, J., Dreha-Kulaczewski, S., Zafeiriou, M.P., Schreiber, M.K., Wilken, B., Funke, R., Neuhofer, C., Altmüller, J., Thiele, H., Nürnberg, P., Biskup, S., Li, Y., Zimmermann, W.H., Kaulfuß, S., Yigit, G., and Wollnik, B.

Subjects
Cell Biology, Technology Platforms, Bioengineered Neuronal Organoids, Cohesinopathies, Mosaic Disorders, Stag2, Supernumerary Nipples, Developmental Biology
Abstract

STAG2 is a component of the large, evolutionarily highly conserved cohesin complex, which has been linked to various cellular processes like genome organization, DNA replication, gene expression, heterochromatin formation, sister chromatid cohesion, and DNA repair. A wide spectrum of germline variants in genes encoding subunits or regulators of the cohesin complex have previously been identified to cause distinct but phenotypically overlapping multisystem developmental disorders belonging to the group of cohesinopathies. Pathogenic variants in STAG2 have rarely been implicated in an X-linked cohesinopathy associated with undergrowth, developmental delay, and dysmorphic features. Here, we describe for the first time a mosaic STAG2 variant in an individual with developmental delay, microcephaly, and hemihypotrophy of the right side. We characterized the grade of mosaicism by deep sequencing analysis on DNA extracted from EDTA blood, urine and buccal swabs. Furthermore, we report an additional female with a novel de novo splice variant in STAG2. Interestingly, both individuals show supernumerary nipples, a feature that has not been reported associated to STAG2 before. Remarkably, additional analysis of STAG2 transcripts in both individuals showed only wildtype transcripts, even after blockage of nonsense-mediated decay using puromycin in blood lymphocytes. As the phenotype of STAG2-associated cohesinopathies is dominated by global developmental delay, severe microcephaly, and brain abnormalities, we investigated the expression of STAG2 and other related components of the cohesin complex during Bioengineered Neuronal Organoids (BENOs) generation by RNA sequencing. Interestingly, we observed a prominent expression of STAG2, especially between culture days 0 and 15, indicating an essential function of STAG2 in early brain development. In summary, we expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of STAG2-associated cohesinopathies and show that BENOs represent a promising model to gain further insights into the critical role of STAG2 in the complex process of nervous system development.

Published
2022
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5. Mutationen in ATP1A3, TECTA und MYO7A in einer Familie mit Rapid-onset Dystonia-Parkinsonism-Syndrom, mediocochleärer Schallempfindungsschwerhörigkeit und auditorischer Neuropathie - die systematische Multigen-Panel-Untersuchung hilft bei der Analyse von komplexen Fällen von Schwerhörigkeit

Author

Dyett, V, Braunwarth, C, Rosewich, H, Kaulfuß, S, Kuranov, A, Argyriou, L, Vona, B, Wollnik, B, Strenzke, N, Dyett, V, Braunwarth, C, Rosewich, H, Kaulfuß, S, Kuranov, A, Argyriou, L, Vona, B, Wollnik, B, and Strenzke, N

Published
2022

6. Biallelic variants in PCDHGC4 cause a novel neurodevelopmental syndrome with progressive microcephaly, seizures, and joint anomalies

Author

Iqbal, M, Maroofian, R, Çavdarlı, B, Riccardi, F, Field, M, Banka, S, Bubshait, DK, Li, Y, Hertecant, J, Baig, SM, Dyment, D, Efthymiou, S, Abdullah, U, Makhdoom, EUH, Ali, Z, Scherf de Almeida, T, Molinari, F, Mignon-Ravix, C, Chabrol, B, Antony, J, Ades, L, Pagnamenta, AT, Jackson, A, Douzgou, S, Genomics England Research Consortium, Beetz, C, Karageorgou, V, Vona, B, Rad, A, Baig, JM, Sultan, T, Alvi, JR, Maqbool, S, Rahman, F, Toosi, MB, Ashrafzadeh, F, Imannezhad, S, Karimiani, EG, Sarwar, Y, Khan, S, Jameel, M, Noegel, AA, Budde, B, Altmüller, J, Motameny, S, Höhne, W, Houlden, H, Nürnberg, P, Wollnik, B, Villard, L, Alkuraya, FS, Osmond, M, Hussain, MS, and Yigit, G

Abstract

PURPOSE: We aimed to define a novel autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder, characterize its clinical features, and identify the underlying genetic cause for this condition. METHODS: We performed a detailed clinical characterization of 19 individuals from nine unrelated, consanguineous families with a neurodevelopmental disorder. We used genome/exome sequencing approaches, linkage and cosegregation analyses to identify disease-causing variants, and we performed three-dimensional molecular in silico analysis to predict causality of variants where applicable. RESULTS: In all affected individuals who presented with a neurodevelopmental syndrome with progressive microcephaly, seizures, and intellectual disability we identified biallelic disease-causing variants in Protocadherin-gamma-C4 (PCDHGC4). Five variants were predicted to induce premature protein truncation leading to a loss of PCDHGC4 function. The three detected missense variants were located in extracellular cadherin (EC) domains EC5 and EC6 of PCDHGC4, and in silico analysis of the affected residues showed that two of these substitutions were predicted to influence the Ca2+-binding affinity, which is essential for multimerization of the protein, whereas the third missense variant directly influenced the cis-dimerization interface of PCDHGC4. CONCLUSION: We show that biallelic variants in PCDHGC4 are causing a novel autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder and link PCDHGC4 as a member of the clustered PCDH family to a Mendelian disorder in humans.

Published
2021

8. Overarching control of autophagy and DNA damage response by CHD6 revealed by modeling a rare human pathology

Author

Kargapolova, Y., Rehimi, R., Kayserili, H., Brühl, J., Sofiadis, K., Zirkel, A., Palikyras, S., Mizi, A., Li, Yun, Yigit, G., Hoischen, A., Frank, S., Russ, N., Trautwein, J., Bon, B. van, Gilissen, C.F., Laugsch, M., Gusmao, E.G., Josipovic, N., Altmüller, J., Nürnberg, P., Längst, G., Kaiser, F.J., Watrin, E., Brunner, H.G., Rada-Iglesias, A., Kurian, L., Wollnik, B., Bouazoune, K., Papantonis, A., Kargapolova, Y., Rehimi, R., Kayserili, H., Brühl, J., Sofiadis, K., Zirkel, A., Palikyras, S., Mizi, A., Li, Yun, Yigit, G., Hoischen, A., Frank, S., Russ, N., Trautwein, J., Bon, B. van, Gilissen, C.F., Laugsch, M., Gusmao, E.G., Josipovic, N., Altmüller, J., Nürnberg, P., Längst, G., Kaiser, F.J., Watrin, E., Brunner, H.G., Rada-Iglesias, A., Kurian, L., Wollnik, B., Bouazoune, K., and Papantonis, A.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 235041.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), Members of the chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding (CHD) protein family are chromatin remodelers implicated in human pathologies, with CHD6 being one of its least studied members. We discovered a de novo CHD6 missense mutation in a patient clinically presenting the rare Hallermann-Streiff syndrome (HSS). We used genome editing to generate isogenic iPSC lines and model HSS in relevant cell types. By combining genomics with functional in vivo and in vitro assays, we show that CHD6 binds a cohort of autophagy and stress response genes across cell types. The HSS mutation affects CHD6 protein folding and impairs its ability to recruit co-remodelers in response to DNA damage or autophagy stimulation. This leads to accumulation of DNA damage burden and senescence-like phenotypes. We therefore uncovered a molecular mechanism explaining HSS onset via chromatin control of autophagic flux and genotoxic stress surveillance.

Published
2021

10. Human RAD50 deficiency: Confirmation of a distinctive phenotype

Author

Ragamin, A. (Aviël), Yigit, G. (Gökhan), Bousset, K. (Kristine), Beleggia, F. (Filippo), Verheijen, F.W. (Frans), Wit, M.C.Y. (Marie Claire) de, Strom, T.M. (Tim M.), Dörk, T. (Thilo), Wollnik, B. (Bernd), Mancini, G.M.S. (Grazia), Ragamin, A. (Aviël), Yigit, G. (Gökhan), Bousset, K. (Kristine), Beleggia, F. (Filippo), Verheijen, F.W. (Frans), Wit, M.C.Y. (Marie Claire) de, Strom, T.M. (Tim M.), Dörk, T. (Thilo), Wollnik, B. (Bernd), and Mancini, G.M.S. (Grazia)

Abstract

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are highly toxic DNA lesions that can lead to chromosomal instability, loss of genes and cancer. The MRE11/RAD50/NBN (MRN) complex is keystone involved in signaling processes inducing the repair of DSB by, for example, in activating pathways leading to homologous recombination repair and nonhomologous end joining. Additionally, the MRN complex also plays an important role in the maintenance of telomeres and can act as a stabilizer at replication forks. Mutations in NBN and MRE11 are associated with Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) and ataxia telangiectasia (AT)-like disorder, respectively. So far, only one single patient with biallelic loss of function variants in RAD50 has been reported presenting with features classified as NBS-like disorder. Here, we report a long-term follow-up of an unrelated patient with facial dysmorphisms, microcephaly, skeletal features, and short stature who is homozygous for a novel variant in RAD50. We could show that this variant, c.2524G > A in exon 15 of the RAD50 gene, induces aberrant splicing of RAD50 mRNA mainly leading to premature protein truncation and thereby, most likely, to loss of RAD50 function. Using patient-derived primary fibroblasts, we could show abnormal radioresistant DNA synthesis confirming pathogenicity of the identified variant. Immunoblotting experiments showed strongly reduced protein levels of RAD50 in the pat

Published
2020
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11. Severe Osteogenesis imperfecta with oligodontia: think of MESD

Author

Moosa, S., Yamamoto, G. L., Garbes, L., Keupp, K., Beleza-Meireles, A., Moreno, C. A., Valadares, E. R., de Sousa, S. B., Maia, S., Saraiva, J., Honjo, R. S., Kim, C. A., Cabral de Menezes, H., Lausch, E., Lorini, P. V., Lamounier, A., Jr., Carniero, T. C. B., Giunta, C., Rohrbach, M., Janner, M., Semler, O., Beleggia, F., Li, Y., Yigit, G., Reintjes, N., Altmuller, J., Nurnberg, P., Cavalcanti, D. P., Zabel, B., Warman, M. L., Bertola, D. R., Wollnik, B., Netzer, C., Moosa, S., Yamamoto, G. L., Garbes, L., Keupp, K., Beleza-Meireles, A., Moreno, C. A., Valadares, E. R., de Sousa, S. B., Maia, S., Saraiva, J., Honjo, R. S., Kim, C. A., Cabral de Menezes, H., Lausch, E., Lorini, P. V., Lamounier, A., Jr., Carniero, T. C. B., Giunta, C., Rohrbach, M., Janner, M., Semler, O., Beleggia, F., Li, Y., Yigit, G., Reintjes, N., Altmuller, J., Nurnberg, P., Cavalcanti, D. P., Zabel, B., Warman, M. L., Bertola, D. R., Wollnik, B., and Netzer, C.

Published
2020

12. A second cohort of CHD3 patients expands the molecular mechanisms known to cause Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome

Author

Drivas, T. G., Li, D., Nair, D., Alaimo, J. T., Alders, M., Altmuller, J., Barakat, T. S., Bebin, E. M., Bertsch, N. L., Blackburn, P. R., Blesson, A., Bouman, A. M., Brockmann, K., Brunelle, P., Burmeister, M., Cooper, G. M., Denecke, J., Dieux-Coeslier, A., Dubbs, H., Ferrer, A., Gal, D., Bartik, L. E., Gunderson, L. B., Hasadsri, L., Jain, M., Karimov, C., Keena, B., Klee, E. W., Kloth, K., Lace, B., Macchiaiolo, M., Marcadier, J. L., Milunsky, J. M., Napier, M. P., Ortiz-Gonzalez, X. R., Pichurin, P. N., Pinner, J., Powis, Z., Prasad, C., Radio, F. C., Rasmussen, K. J., Renaud, D. L., Rush, E. T., Saunders, C., Selcen, D., Seman, A. R., Shinde, D. N., Smith, E. D., Smol, T., Snijders Blok, L., Stoler, J. M., Tang, S., Tartaglia, M., Thompson, M. L., van de Kamp, J. M., Wang, J., Weise, D., Weiss, K., Woitschach, R., Wollnik, B., Yan, H., Zackai, E. H., Zampino, Giuseppe, Campeau, P., Bhoj, E., Zampino G. (ORCID:0000-0003-3865-3253), Drivas, T. G., Li, D., Nair, D., Alaimo, J. T., Alders, M., Altmuller, J., Barakat, T. S., Bebin, E. M., Bertsch, N. L., Blackburn, P. R., Blesson, A., Bouman, A. M., Brockmann, K., Brunelle, P., Burmeister, M., Cooper, G. M., Denecke, J., Dieux-Coeslier, A., Dubbs, H., Ferrer, A., Gal, D., Bartik, L. E., Gunderson, L. B., Hasadsri, L., Jain, M., Karimov, C., Keena, B., Klee, E. W., Kloth, K., Lace, B., Macchiaiolo, M., Marcadier, J. L., Milunsky, J. M., Napier, M. P., Ortiz-Gonzalez, X. R., Pichurin, P. N., Pinner, J., Powis, Z., Prasad, C., Radio, F. C., Rasmussen, K. J., Renaud, D. L., Rush, E. T., Saunders, C., Selcen, D., Seman, A. R., Shinde, D. N., Smith, E. D., Smol, T., Snijders Blok, L., Stoler, J. M., Tang, S., Tartaglia, M., Thompson, M. L., van de Kamp, J. M., Wang, J., Weise, D., Weiss, K., Woitschach, R., Wollnik, B., Yan, H., Zackai, E. H., Zampino, Giuseppe, Campeau, P., Bhoj, E., and Zampino G. (ORCID:0000-0003-3865-3253)

Abstract

There has been one previous report of a cohort of patients with variants in Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding 3 (CHD3), now recognized as Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome. However, with only three previously-reported patients with variants outside the ATPase/helicase domain, it was unclear if variants outside of this domain caused a clinically similar phenotype. We have analyzed 24 new patients with CHD3 variants, including nine outside the ATPase/helicase domain. All patients were detected with unbiased molecular genetic methods. There is not a significant difference in the clinical or facial features of patients with variants in or outside this domain. These additional patients further expand the clinical and molecular data associated with CHD3 variants. Importantly we conclude that there is not a significant difference in the phenotypic features of patients with various molecular disruptions, including whole gene deletions and duplications, and missense variants outside the ATPase/helicase domain. This data will aid both clinical geneticists and molecular geneticists in the diagnosis of this emerging syndrome.

Published
2020

13. A novel D458V mutation in the SANS PDZ binding motif causes atypical Usher syndrome

Author

Kalay, E., de Brouwer, A.P.M., Caylan, R., Nabuurs, S.B., Wollnik, B., Karaguzel, A., Heister, J.G.A.M., Erdol, H., Cremers, F.P.M., Cremers, C.W.R.J., Brunner, H.G., and Kremer, H.

Subjects
Retinal degeneration -- Research, Retinal degeneration -- Analysis, Deafness -- Research, Deafness -- Analysis, Hearing disorders -- Research, Hearing disorders -- Analysis, Science and technology
Published
2005

22. Age and origin of major Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) mutations in European populations

Author

Witsch-Baumgartner, M, Schwentner, I, Gruber, M, Benlian, P, Bertranpetit, J, Bieth, E, Chevy, F, Clusellas, N, Estivill, X, Gasparini, G, Giros, M, Kelley, R I, Krajewska-Walasek, M, Menzel, J, Miettinen, T, Ogorelkova, M, Rossi, M, Scala, I, Schinzel, A, Schmidt, K, Schönitzer, D, Seemanova, E, Sperling, K, Syrrou, M, Talmud, P J, Wollnik, B, Krawczak, M, Labuda, D, and Utermann, G

Published
2008
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23. The ARID1B spectrum in 143 patients: from nonsyndromic intellectual disability to Coffin-Siris syndrome (vol 21, pg 1295, 2019)

Author

Sluijs, P.J. van der, Jansen, S., Vergano, S.A., Adachi-Fukuda, M., Alanay, Y., AlKindy, A., Baban, A., Bayat, A., Beck-Wodl, S., Berry, K., Bijlsma, E.K., Bok, L.A., Brouwer, A.F.J., Burgt, I. van der, Campeau, P.M., Canham, N., Chrzanowska, K., Chu, Y.W.Y., Chung, B.H.Y., Dahan, K., Rademaeker, M. de, Destree, A., Dudding-Byth, T., Earl, R., Elcioglu, N., Elias, E.R., Fagerberg, C., Gardham, A., Gener, B., Gerkes, E.H., Grasshoff, U., Haeringen, A. van, Heitink, K.R., Herkert, J.C., Hollander, N.S. den, Horn, D., Hunt, D., Kant, S.G., Kato, M., Kayserili, H., Kersseboom, R., Kilic, E., Krajewska-Walasek, M., Lammers, K., Laulund, L.W., Lederer, D., Lees, M., Lopez-Gonzalez, V., Maas, S., Mancini, G.M.S., Marcelis, C., Martinez, F., Maystadt, I., McGuire, M., Mckee, S., Mehta, S., Metcalfe, K., Milunsky, J., Mizuno, S., Moeschler, J.B., Netzer, C., Ockeloen, C.W., Oehl-Jaschkowitz, B., Okamoto, N., Olminkhof, S.N.M., Orellana, C., Pasquier, L., Pottinger, C., Riehmer, V., Robertson, S.P., Roifman, M., Rooryck, C., Ropers, F.G., Rosello, M., Ruivenkamp, C.A.L., Sagiroglu, M.S., Sallevelt, S.C.E.H., Calvo, A.S., Simsek-Kiper, P.O., Soares, G., Solaeche, L., Sonmez, F.M., Splitt, M., Steenbeek, D., Stegmann, A.P.A., Stumpel, C.T.R.M., Tanabe, S., Uctepe, E., Utine, G.E., Veenstra-Knol, H.E., Venkateswaran, S., Vilain, C., Vincent-Delorme, C., Vulto-van Silfhout, A.T., Wheeler, P., Wilson, G.N., Wilson, L.C., Wollnik, B., Kosho, T., Wieczorek, D., Eichler, E., Pfundt, R., Vries, B.B.A. de, Clayton-Smith, J., Santen, G.W.E., and Acibadem University Dspace

Abstract

The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Pleuntje J. van der Sluijs, which was incorrectly given as Eline (P. J.) van der Sluijs. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Published
2019

29. SMCHD1 is involved in de novo methylation of the DUX4-encoding D4Z4 macrosatellite

Author

Dion, C, Roche, S, Laberthonniere, C, Broucqsault, N, Mariot, V, Xue, S, Gurzau, AD, Nowak, A, Gordon, CT, Gaillard, M-C, El-Yazidi, C, Thomas, M, Schlupp-Robaglia, A, Missirian, C, Malan, V, Ratbi, L, Sefiani, A, Wollnik, B, Binetruy, B, Campana, ES, Attarian, S, Bernard, R, Nguyen, K, Amie, J, Dumonceaux, J, Murphy, JM, Dejardin, J, Blewitt, ME, Reversade, B, Robin, JD, Magdinier, F, Dion, C, Roche, S, Laberthonniere, C, Broucqsault, N, Mariot, V, Xue, S, Gurzau, AD, Nowak, A, Gordon, CT, Gaillard, M-C, El-Yazidi, C, Thomas, M, Schlupp-Robaglia, A, Missirian, C, Malan, V, Ratbi, L, Sefiani, A, Wollnik, B, Binetruy, B, Campana, ES, Attarian, S, Bernard, R, Nguyen, K, Amie, J, Dumonceaux, J, Murphy, JM, Dejardin, J, Blewitt, ME, Reversade, B, Robin, JD, and Magdinier, F

Abstract

The DNA methylation epigenetic signature is a key determinant during development. Rules governing its establishment and maintenance remain elusive especially at repetitive sequences, which account for the majority of methylated CGs. DNA methylation is altered in a number of diseases including those linked to mutations in factors that modify chromatin. Among them, SMCHD1 (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Hinge Domain Containing 1) has been of major interest following identification of germline mutations in Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy (FSHD) and in an unrelated developmental disorder, Bosma Arhinia Microphthalmia Syndrome (BAMS). By investigating why germline SMCHD1 mutations lead to these two different diseases, we uncovered a role for this factor in de novo methylation at the pluripotent stage. SMCHD1 is required for the dynamic methylation of the D4Z4 macrosatellite upon reprogramming but seems dispensable for methylation maintenance. We find that FSHD and BAMS patient's cells carrying SMCHD1 mutations are both permissive for DUX4 expression, a transcription factor whose regulation has been proposed as the main trigger for FSHD. These findings open new questions as to what is the true aetiology for FSHD, the epigenetic events associated with the disease thus calling the current model into question and opening new perspectives for understanding repetitive DNA sequences regulation.

Published
2019

35. Mutations in TOP3A Cause a Bloom Syndrome-like Disorder (vol 103, pg 221, 2018)

Author

Martin, CA, Sarlos, K, Logan, CV, Thakur, RS, Parry, DA, Bizard, AH, Leitch, A, Cleal, L, Ali, NS, Al-Owain, MA, Allen, W, Altmuller, J, Aza-Carmona, M, Barakat, BAY, Barraza-Garcia, J, Begtrup, A, Bogliolo, M, Cho, MT, Cruz-Rojo, J, Dhahrabi, HAM, Elcioglu, NH, GOSgene, Gorman, GS, Jobling, R, Kesterton, I, Kishita, Y, Kohda, M, Stabej, PLQ, Malallah, AJ, Nurnberg, P, Ohtake, A, Okazaki, Y, Pujol, R, Ramirez, MJ, Revah-Politi, A, Shimura, M, Stevens, P, Taylor, RW, Turner, L, Williams, H, Wilson, C, Yigit, G, Zahavich, L, Alkuraya, FS, Surralles, J, Iglesias, A, Murayama, K, Wollnik, B, Dattani, M, Heath, KE, Hickson, ID, and Jackson, AP

Published
2018

36. The ARID1B spectrum in 143 patients: from nonsyndromic intellectual disability to Coffin–Siris syndrome

Author

van der Sluijs, E.P.J. (Eline (P.J.)), Jansen, S. (Sandra), Vergano, S.A. (Samantha A.), Adachi-Fukuda, M. (Miho), Alanay, Y. (Yasemin), AlKindy, A. (Adila), Baban, A. (Anwar), Bayat, A. (Allan), Beck-Wödl, S. (Stefanie), Berry, K. (Katherine), Bijlsma, E.K. (Emilia), Bok, L.A. (Levinus), Brouwer, A.F.J. (Alwin F. J.), Burgt, I. (Ineke) van der, Campeau, P.M. (Philippe M.), Canham, N. (Natalie), Chrzanowska, K.H. (Krystyna), Chu, Y.W.Y. (Yoyo W. Y.), Chung, B.H.Y. (Brain H. Y.), Dahan, K. (Karin), De Rademaeker, M. (Marjan), Destrée, A. (Anne), Dudding-Byth, T. (Tracy), Earl, R. (Rachel), Elcioglu, N.H. (Nursel), Elias, E.R. (Ellen R.), Fagerberg, C. (Christina), Gardham, A. (Alice), Gener, B. (Blanca), Gerkes, E.H. (Erica H), Grasshoff, U. (Ute), Haeringen, A. (Arie) van, Heitink, K.R. (Karin R.), Herkert, J.C. (Johanna), Hollander, N.S. (Nicolette) den, Horn, D. (Denise), Hunt, D. (David), Kant, S.G. (Sarina), Kato, M. (Mitsuhiro), Kayserili, H. (Hülya), Kersseboom, R. (Rogier), Kilic, E. (Esra), Krajewska-Walasek, M. (Malgorzata), Lammers, K. (Kylin), Laulund, L.W. (Lone W.), Lederer, D. (Damien), Lees, M.M. (Melissa), López-González, V. (V.), Maas, S.M. (Saskia), Mancini, G.M.S. (Grazia), Marcelis, C.L.M. (Carlo), Martinez, F. (Francisco), Maystadt, I. (Isabelle), McGuire, M. (Marianne), McKee, S., Mehta, S. (Sarju), Metcalfe, K. (Kay), Milunsky, J.M. (Jeff), Mizuno, S. (Seiji), Moeschler, J.B. (John B.), Netzer, C. (Christian), Ockeloen, C. (Charlotte), Oehl-Jaschkowitz, B. (Barbara), Okamoto, N. (Nobuhiko), Olminkhof, S.N.M. (Sharon N. M.), Orellana, C. (Carmen), Pasquier, L. (Laurent), Pottinger, C. (Caroline), Riehmer, V. (Vera), Robertson, S.P. (Stephen), Roifman, M. (Maian), Rooryck, C. (Caroline), Ropers, F.G. (Fabienne G.), Rosello, M. (Monica), Ruivenkamp, C.A. (Claudia), Sagiroglu, M.S. (Mahmut S.), Sallevelt, S.C.E.H. (Suzanne), Sanchis Calvo, A. (Amparo), Simsek-Kiper, P.O. (P.), Soares, G. (Gabriela), Solaeche, L. (Lucia), Mujgan Sonmez, F. (Fatma), Splitt, M. (M.), Steenbeek, D. (Duco), Stegmann, A.P.A. (Alexander P. A.), Stumpel, C. (Connie), Tanabe, S. (Saori), Uctepe, E. (Eyyup), Utine, G.E. (G. Eda), Veenstra-Knol, H.E. (Hermine), Venkateswaran, S. (Sunita), Vilain, C. (Catheline), Vincent-Delorme, C. (Catherine), Vulto-van Silfhout, A.T. (Anneke), Wheeler, P. (Patricia), Wilson, G.N. (Golder N.), Wilson, L.C. (Louise), Wollnik, B. (Bernd), Kosho, T. (Tomoki), Wieczorek, D. (Dagmar), Eichler, E.E. (Evan), Pfundt, R. (Rolph), Vries, B. (Boukje) de, Clayton-Smith, J., Santen, G.W.E. (Gijs), van der Sluijs, E.P.J. (Eline (P.J.)), Jansen, S. (Sandra), Vergano, S.A. (Samantha A.), Adachi-Fukuda, M. (Miho), Alanay, Y. (Yasemin), AlKindy, A. (Adila), Baban, A. (Anwar), Bayat, A. (Allan), Beck-Wödl, S. (Stefanie), Berry, K. (Katherine), Bijlsma, E.K. (Emilia), Bok, L.A. (Levinus), Brouwer, A.F.J. (Alwin F. J.), Burgt, I. (Ineke) van der, Campeau, P.M. (Philippe M.), Canham, N. (Natalie), Chrzanowska, K.H. (Krystyna), Chu, Y.W.Y. (Yoyo W. Y.), Chung, B.H.Y. (Brain H. Y.), Dahan, K. (Karin), De Rademaeker, M. (Marjan), Destrée, A. (Anne), Dudding-Byth, T. (Tracy), Earl, R. (Rachel), Elcioglu, N.H. (Nursel), Elias, E.R. (Ellen R.), Fagerberg, C. (Christina), Gardham, A. (Alice), Gener, B. (Blanca), Gerkes, E.H. (Erica H), Grasshoff, U. (Ute), Haeringen, A. (Arie) van, Heitink, K.R. (Karin R.), Herkert, J.C. (Johanna), Hollander, N.S. (Nicolette) den, Horn, D. (Denise), Hunt, D. (David), Kant, S.G. (Sarina), Kato, M. (Mitsuhiro), Kayserili, H. (Hülya), Kersseboom, R. (Rogier), Kilic, E. (Esra), Krajewska-Walasek, M. (Malgorzata), Lammers, K. (Kylin), Laulund, L.W. (Lone W.), Lederer, D. (Damien), Lees, M.M. (Melissa), López-González, V. (V.), Maas, S.M. (Saskia), Mancini, G.M.S. (Grazia), Marcelis, C.L.M. (Carlo), Martinez, F. (Francisco), Maystadt, I. (Isabelle), McGuire, M. (Marianne), McKee, S., Mehta, S. (Sarju), Metcalfe, K. (Kay), Milunsky, J.M. (Jeff), Mizuno, S. (Seiji), Moeschler, J.B. (John B.), Netzer, C. (Christian), Ockeloen, C. (Charlotte), Oehl-Jaschkowitz, B. (Barbara), Okamoto, N. (Nobuhiko), Olminkhof, S.N.M. (Sharon N. M.), Orellana, C. (Carmen), Pasquier, L. (Laurent), Pottinger, C. (Caroline), Riehmer, V. (Vera), Robertson, S.P. (Stephen), Roifman, M. (Maian), Rooryck, C. (Caroline), Ropers, F.G. (Fabienne G.), Rosello, M. (Monica), Ruivenkamp, C.A. (Claudia), Sagiroglu, M.S. (Mahmut S.), Sallevelt, S.C.E.H. (Suzanne), Sanchis Calvo, A. (Amparo), Simsek-Kiper, P.O. (P.), Soares, G. (Gabriela), Solaeche, L. (Lucia), Mujgan Sonmez, F. (Fatma), Splitt, M. (M.), Steenbeek, D. (Duco), Stegmann, A.P.A. (Alexander P. A.), Stumpel, C. (Connie), Tanabe, S. (Saori), Uctepe, E. (Eyyup), Utine, G.E. (G. Eda), Veenstra-Knol, H.E. (Hermine), Venkateswaran, S. (Sunita), Vilain, C. (Catheline), Vincent-Delorme, C. (Catherine), Vulto-van Silfhout, A.T. (Anneke), Wheeler, P. (Patricia), Wilson, G.N. (Golder N.), Wilson, L.C. (Louise), Wollnik, B. (Bernd), Kosho, T. (Tomoki), Wieczorek, D. (Dagmar), Eichler, E.E. (Evan), Pfundt, R. (Rolph), Vries, B. (Boukje) de, Clayton-Smith, J., and Santen, G.W.E. (Gijs)

Abstract

Purpose: Pathogenic variants in ARID1B are one of the most frequent causes of intellectual disability (ID) as determined by large-scale exome sequencing studies. Most studies published thus far describe clinically diagnosed Coffin–Siris patients (ARID1B-CSS) and it is unclear whether these data are representative for patients identified through sequencing of unbiased ID cohorts (ARID1B-ID). We therefore sought to determine genotypic and phenotypic differences between ARID1B-ID and ARID1B-CSS. In parallel, we investigated the effect of different methods of phenotype reporting. Methods: Clinicians entered clinical data in an extensive web-based survey. Results: 79 ARID1B-CSS and 64 ARID1B-ID patients were included. CSS-associated dysmorphic features, such as thick eyebrows, long eyelashes, thick alae nasi, long and/or broad philtrum, small nails and small or absent fifth distal phalanx and hypertrichosis, were observed significantly more often (p < 0.001) in ARID1B-CSS patients. No other significant differences were identified. Conclusion: There are only minor differences between ARID1B-ID and ARID1B-CSS patients. ARID1B-related disorders seem to consist of a spectrum, and patients should be managed similarly. We demonstrated that data collection methods without an explicit option to report the absence of a feature (such as most Human Phenotype Ontology-based methods) tended to underestimate gene-related features.

Published
2018
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37. FLOATING-HARBOR SYNDROME: PRESENTATION OF THE FIRST ROMANIAN PATIENT WITH A SRCAP MUTATION AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Author

Budisteanu, M., Boegershausen, N., Papuc, S. M., Moosa, S., Thoenes, M., Riga, D., Arghir, A., Wollnik, B., Budisteanu, M., Boegershausen, N., Papuc, S. M., Moosa, S., Thoenes, M., Riga, D., Arghir, A., and Wollnik, B.

Abstract

Floating-Harbor syndrome (FHS) is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by short stature with delayed bone age, retarded speech development, intellectual disability and dysmorphic facial features. Recently, dominant mutations almost exclusively clustered in the final exon of the Snf2-related CREBBP activator protein (SRCAP) gene were identified to cause FHS. Here, we report a boy with short stature, speech delay, mild intellectual disability, dysmorphic features, and with genetically confirmed FHS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first molecularly confirmed case with this syndrome reported in Romania. An intensive program of cognitive and speech stimulation, as well as yearly neurological, psychological, ophthalmological, otorhinolaryngological, pediatric and endocrinological monitoring for our patient were designed. We propose a checklist of clinical features suggestive of FHS, based on the main clinical features, in order to facilitate the diagnosis and clinical management of this rare condition.

Published
2018

41. Heterozygous HNRNPU variants cause early onset epilepsy and severe intellectual disability

Author

Bramswig, N.C., Ludecke, H.J., Hamdan, F.F., Altmuller, J., Beleggia, F., Elcioglu, N.H., Freyer, C., Gerkes, E.H., Demirkol, Y.K., Knupp, K.G., Kuechler, A., Li, Y., Lowenstein, D.H., Michaud, J.L., Park, K., Stegmann, A.P., Veenstra-Knol, H.E., Wieland, T., Wollnik, B., Engels, H., Strom, T.M., Kleefstra, T., Wieczorek, D., Bramswig, N.C., Ludecke, H.J., Hamdan, F.F., Altmuller, J., Beleggia, F., Elcioglu, N.H., Freyer, C., Gerkes, E.H., Demirkol, Y.K., Knupp, K.G., Kuechler, A., Li, Y., Lowenstein, D.H., Michaud, J.L., Park, K., Stegmann, A.P., Veenstra-Knol, H.E., Wieland, T., Wollnik, B., Engels, H., Strom, T.M., Kleefstra, T., and Wieczorek, D.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 174755.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), Pathogenic variants in genes encoding subunits of the spliceosome are the cause of several human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases. The RNA splicing process is facilitated by the spliceosome, a large RNA-protein complex consisting of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and many other proteins, such as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The HNRNPU gene (OMIM *602869) encodes the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U, which plays a crucial role in mammalian development. HNRNPU is expressed in the fetal brain and adult heart, kidney, liver, brain, and cerebellum. Microdeletions in the 1q44 region encompassing HNRNPU have been described in patients with intellectual disability (ID) and other clinical features, such as seizures, corpus callosum abnormalities (CCA), and microcephaly. Recently, pathogenic HNRNPU variants were identified in large ID and epileptic encephalopathy cohorts. In this study, we provide detailed clinical information of five novels and review two of the previously published individuals with (likely) pathogenic de novo variants in the HNRNPU gene including three non-sense and two missense variants, one small intragenic deletion, and one duplication. The phenotype in individuals with variants in HNRNPU is characterized by early onset seizures (6/7), severe ID (6/6), severe speech impairment (6/6), hypotonia (6/7), and central nervous system (CNS) (5/6), cardiac (4/6), and renal abnormalities (3/4). In this study, we broaden the clinical and mutational HNRNPU-associated spectrum, and demonstrate that heterozygous HNRNPU variants cause epilepsy, severe ID with striking speech impairment and variable CNS, cardiac, and renal anomalies.

Published
2017

42. De novo mutations in SMCHD1 cause Bosma arhinia microphthalmia syndrome and abrogate nasal development

Author

Gordon, C, Xue, S, Yigit, G, Filali, H, Chen, K, Rosin, N, Yoshiura, K, Oufadem, M, Beck, T, McGowan, R, Magee, A, Altmuller, J, Dion, C, Thiele, H, Gurzau, A, Nurnberg, P, Meschede, D, Muhlbauer, W, Okamoto, N, Varghese, V, Irving, R, Sigaudy, S, Williams, D, Ahmed, F, Bonnard, C, Kei Kong, M, Ratbi, I, Fejjal, N, Fikri, M, Chafai Elalaoui, S, Reigstad, H, Bole-Feysot, C, Nitschke, P, Ragge, N, Levy, N, Tuncbilek, G, Teo, A, Cunningham, M, Sefiani, A, Kayserili, H, Murphy, J, Chatdokmaiprai, C, Hillmer, A, Wattanasirichaigoon, D, Lyonnet, S, Magdinier, F, Javed, A, Blewitt, M, Amiel, J, Wollnik, B, Reversade, B, Gordon, C, Xue, S, Yigit, G, Filali, H, Chen, K, Rosin, N, Yoshiura, K, Oufadem, M, Beck, T, McGowan, R, Magee, A, Altmuller, J, Dion, C, Thiele, H, Gurzau, A, Nurnberg, P, Meschede, D, Muhlbauer, W, Okamoto, N, Varghese, V, Irving, R, Sigaudy, S, Williams, D, Ahmed, F, Bonnard, C, Kei Kong, M, Ratbi, I, Fejjal, N, Fikri, M, Chafai Elalaoui, S, Reigstad, H, Bole-Feysot, C, Nitschke, P, Ragge, N, Levy, N, Tuncbilek, G, Teo, A, Cunningham, M, Sefiani, A, Kayserili, H, Murphy, J, Chatdokmaiprai, C, Hillmer, A, Wattanasirichaigoon, D, Lyonnet, S, Magdinier, F, Javed, A, Blewitt, M, Amiel, J, Wollnik, B, and Reversade, B

Abstract

Bosma arhinia microphthalmia syndrome (BAMS) is an extremely rare and striking condition characterized by complete absence of the nose with or without ocular defects. We report here that missense mutations in the epigenetic regulator SMCHD1 mapping to the extended ATPase domain of the encoded protein cause BAMS in all 14 cases studied. All mutations were de novo where parental DNA was available. Biochemical tests and in vivo assays in Xenopus laevis embryos suggest that these mutations may behave as gain-of-function alleles. This finding is in contrast to the loss-of-function mutations in SMCHD1 that have been associated with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) type 2. Our results establish SMCHD1 as a key player in nasal development and provide biochemical insight into its enzymatic function that may be exploited for development of therapeutics for FSHD.

Published
2017

43. Specific mosaic KRAS mutations affecting codon 146 cause oculoectodermal syndrome and encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis

Author

Dvorsky, R., Boegershausen, N., Hove, H. B., Percin, E. F., Aslan, D., Kayhan, G., Zenker, M., Heindl, L. M., Ahmadian, M. R., Wollnik, B., Jakubiczka, S., Wieland, I., Lissewski, C., Bartsch, O., Toft, P. B., Tantcheva-Poor, I., Cursiefen, C., Li, Y., and Boppudi, S.

Abstract

Oculoectodermal syndrome (OES) and encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL) are rare disorders that share many common features, such as epibulbar dermoids, aplasia cutis congenita, pigmentary changes following Blaschko lines, bony tumor-like lesions, and others. About 20 cases with OES and more than 50 patients with ECCL have been reported. Both diseases were proposed to represent mosaic disorders, but only very recently whole-genome sequencing has led to the identification of somatic KRAS mutations, p.Leu19Phe and p.Gly13Asp, in affected tissue from two individuals with OES. Here we report the results of molecular genetic studies in three patients with OES and one with ECCL. In all four cases, Sanger sequencing of the KRAS gene in DNA from lesional tissue detected mutations affecting codon 146 (p.Ala146Val, p.Ala146Thr) at variable levels of mosaicism. Our findings thus corroborate the evidence of OES being a mosaic RASopathy and confirm the common etiology of OES and ECCL. KRAS codon 146 mutations, as well as the previously reported OES-associated alterations, are known oncogenic KRAS mutations with distinct functional consequences. Considering the phenotype and genotype spectrum of mosaic RASopathies, these findings suggest that the wide phenotypic variability does not only depend on the tissue distribution but also on the specific genotype.

Published
2016

44. MYO15A (DFNB3) mutations in Turkish hearing loss families and functional modeling of a novel motor domain mutation

Author

Kalay, E., Uzumcu, A., Krieger, E., Caylan, R., Uyguner, O., Emiroglu, M. Ulubil, Erdol, H., Kayserili, H., Hafiz, G., Baserer, N., Heister, J.G.A.M., Hennies, H.C., Nurnberg, P., Basaran, S., Brunner, H.G., Cremers, C.W.R.J., Karaguzel, A., Wollnik, B., and Kremer, H.

Subjects
Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3], Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6], Genetic defects of metabolism [UMCN 5.1], Bioinformatics, Perception and Action [DCN 1], otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Neurosensory disorders [UMCN 3.3], Cellular energy metabolism [UMCN 5.3], Functional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 34519.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Myosin XVA is an unconventional myosin which has been implicated in autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing impairment (ARNSHI) in humans. In Myo15A mouse models, vestibular dysfunction accompanies the autosomal recessive hearing loss. Genomewide homozygosity mapping and subsequent fine mapping in two Turkish families with ARNSHI revealed significant linkage to a critical interval harboring a known deafness gene MYO15A on chromosome 17p13.1-17q11.2. Subsequent sequencing of the MYO15A gene led to the identification of a novel missense mutation, c.5492G-->T (p.Gly1831Val) and a novel splice site mutation, c.8968-1G-->C. These mutations were not detected in additional 64 unrelated ARNSHI index patients and in 230 Turkish control chromosomes. Gly1831 is a conserved residue located in the motor domains of the different classes of myosins of different species. Molecular modeling of the motor head domain of the human myosin XVa protein suggests that the Gly1831Val mutation inhibits the powerstroke by reducing backbone flexibility and weakening the hydrophobic interactions necessary for signal transmission to the converter domain. Copyright (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Published
2007

45. Mutation update for Kabuki syndrome genes KMT2D and KDM6A and further delineation of X-Linked Kabuki Syndrome subtype 2

Author

Bögershausen, N., Gatinois, V., Riehmer, V., Kayserili, H., Becker, J., Thoenes, M., Simsek-Kiper, P.Ö., Barat-Houari, M., Elcioglu, N.H., Wieczorek, D., Tinschert, S., Sarrabay, G., Strom, T.M., Fabre, A., Baynam, G., Sanchez, E., Nürnberg, G., Altunoglu, U., Capri, Y., Isidor, B., Lacombe, D., Corsini, C., Cormier-Daire, V., Sanlaville, D., Giuliano, F., Le Quan Sang, K-H, Kayirangwa, H., Nürnberg, P., Meitinger, T., Boduroglu, K., Zoll, B., Lyonnet, S., Tzschach, A., Verloes, A., Di Donato, N., Touitou, I., Netzer, C., Li, Y., Geneviève, D., Yigit, G., Wollnik, B., Bögershausen, N., Gatinois, V., Riehmer, V., Kayserili, H., Becker, J., Thoenes, M., Simsek-Kiper, P.Ö., Barat-Houari, M., Elcioglu, N.H., Wieczorek, D., Tinschert, S., Sarrabay, G., Strom, T.M., Fabre, A., Baynam, G., Sanchez, E., Nürnberg, G., Altunoglu, U., Capri, Y., Isidor, B., Lacombe, D., Corsini, C., Cormier-Daire, V., Sanlaville, D., Giuliano, F., Le Quan Sang, K-H, Kayirangwa, H., Nürnberg, P., Meitinger, T., Boduroglu, K., Zoll, B., Lyonnet, S., Tzschach, A., Verloes, A., Di Donato, N., Touitou, I., Netzer, C., Li, Y., Geneviève, D., Yigit, G., and Wollnik, B.

Abstract

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare but recognizable condition that consists of a characteristic face, short stature, various organ malformations, and a variable degree of intellectual disability. Mutations in KMT2D have been identified as the main cause for KS, whereas mutations in KDM6A are a much less frequent cause. Here, we report a mutation screening in a case series of 347 unpublished patients, in which we identified 12 novel KDM6A mutations (KS type 2) and 208 mutations in KMT2D (KS type 1), 132 of them novel. Two of the KDM6A mutations were maternally inherited and nine were shown to be de novo. We give an up-to-date overview of all published mutations for the two KS genes and point out possible mutation hot spots and strategies for molecular genetic testing. We also report the clinical details for 11 patients with KS type 2, summarize the published clinical information, specifically with a focus on the less well-defined X-linked KS type 2, and comment on phenotype–genotype correlations as well as sex-specific phenotypic differences. Finally, we also discuss a possible role of KDM6A in Kabuki-like Turner syndrome and report a mutation screening of KDM6C (UTY) in male KS patients.

Published
2016

47. Specific mosaic KRAS mutations affecting codon 146 cause oculoectodermal syndrome and encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis

Author

Boppudi, S., Boegershausen, N., Hove, H. B., Percin, E. F., Aslan, D., Dvorsky, R., Kayhan, G., Li, Y., Cursiefen, C., Tantcheva-Poor, I., Toft, P. B., Bartsch, O., Lissewski, C., Wieland, I., Jakubiczka, S., Wollnik, B., Ahmadian, M. R., Heindl, L. M., Zenker, M., Boppudi, S., Boegershausen, N., Hove, H. B., Percin, E. F., Aslan, D., Dvorsky, R., Kayhan, G., Li, Y., Cursiefen, C., Tantcheva-Poor, I., Toft, P. B., Bartsch, O., Lissewski, C., Wieland, I., Jakubiczka, S., Wollnik, B., Ahmadian, M. R., Heindl, L. M., and Zenker, M.

Abstract

Oculoectodermal syndrome (OES) and encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL) are rare disorders that share many common features, such as epibulbar dermoids, aplasia cutis congenita, pigmentary changes following Blaschko lines, bony tumor-like lesions, and others. About 20 cases with OES and more than 50 patients with ECCL have been reported. Both diseases were proposed to represent mosaic disorders, but only very recently whole-genome sequencing has led to the identification of somatic KRAS mutations, p.Leu19Phe and p.Gly13Asp, in affected tissue from two individuals with OES. Here we report the results of molecular genetic studies in three patients with OES and one with ECCL. In all four cases, Sanger sequencing of the KRAS gene in DNA from lesional tissue detected mutations affecting codon 146 (p.Ala146Val, p.Ala146Thr) at variable levels of mosaicism. Our findings thus corroborate the evidence of OES being a mosaic RASopathy and confirm the common etiology of OES and ECCL. KRAS codon 146 mutations, as well as the previously reported OES-associated alterations, are known oncogenic KRAS mutations with distinct functional consequences. Considering the phenotype and genotype spectrum of mosaic RASopathies, these findings suggest that the wide phenotypic variability does not only depend on the tissue distribution but also on the specific genotype.

Published
2016

48. Specific mosaic KRAS mutations affecting codon 146 cause oculoectodermal syndrome and encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis

Author

Boppudi, S, Bögershausen, N, Hove, H B, Percin, E F, Aslan, D, Dvorsky, R, Kayhan, G, Li, Y, Cursiefen, C, Tantcheva-Poor, I, Toft, P B, Bartsch, O, Lissewski, C, Wieland, I, Jakubiczka, S, Wollnik, B, Ahmadian, M R, Heindl, L M, Zenker, M, Boppudi, S, Bögershausen, N, Hove, H B, Percin, E F, Aslan, D, Dvorsky, R, Kayhan, G, Li, Y, Cursiefen, C, Tantcheva-Poor, I, Toft, P B, Bartsch, O, Lissewski, C, Wieland, I, Jakubiczka, S, Wollnik, B, Ahmadian, M R, Heindl, L M, and Zenker, M

Abstract

Oculoectodermal syndrome (OES) and encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL) are rare disorders that share many common features, such as epibulbar dermoids, aplasia cutis congenita, pigmentary changes following Blaschko lines, bony tumor-like lesions, and others. About 20 cases with OES and more than 50 patients with ECCL have been reported. Both diseases were proposed to represent mosaic disorders, but only very recently whole-genome sequencing has led to the identification of somatic KRAS mutations, p.Leu19Phe and p.Gly13Asp, in affected tissue from two individuals with OES. Here we report the results of molecular genetic studies in three patients with OES and one with ECCL. In all four cases, Sanger sequencing of the KRAS gene in DNA from lesional tissue detected mutations affecting codon 146 (p.Ala146Val, p.Ala146Thr) at variable levels of mosaicism. Our findings thus corroborate the evidence of OES being a mosaic RASopathy and confirm the common etiology of OES and ECCL. KRAS codon 146 mutations, as well as the previously reported OES-associated alterations, are known oncogenic KRAS mutations with distinct functional consequences. Considering the phenotype and genotype spectrum of mosaic RASopathies, these findings suggest that the wide phenotypic variability does not only depend on the tissue distribution but also on the specific genotype.

Published
2016

49. Genotype-phenotype correlation of coffin-siris syndrome caused by mutations in SMARCB1, SMARCA4, SMARCE1, and ARID1A

Author

Kosho, T., Okamoto, N., Imai, Y., Ohashi, H., van Eerde, A. M., Chrzanowska, K., Clayton-Smith, J., Kingston, H., Mari, F., Aggarwal, S., Mowat, D., Niikawa, N., Hiraki, Y., Matsumoto, N., Fukushima, Y., Josifova, D., Dean, J., Smigiel, R., Sakazume, S., Silengo, M., Tinschert, S., Kawame, H., Yano, S., Yamagata, T., van Bon, B. W. M., Vulto-van Silfhout, A. T., Ben-Omran, T., Bigoni, S., Alanay, Y., Miyake, N., Tsurusaki, Y., Santen, G. W. E., Wieczorek, D., Wollnik, B., and Hennekam, R. C. M.

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, BAF (mSWI/SNF) complex, Micrognathism, SMARCB1, Congenital, Young Adult, Intellectual disability (ID), SMARCA4, Intellectual Disability, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Child, Preschool, Genetic Association Studies, DNA Helicases, Nuclear Proteins, Non-Histone, SMARCB1 Protein, Hand Deformities, Toes, ARID1A, SMARCE1, Coffin-siris syndrome, Child, Preschool, DNA-Binding Proteins, Face, Female, Hand Deformities, Congenital, Mutation, Neck, Transcription Factors, Chromosomal Proteins, Abnormalities, Multiple
Abstract

Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) is a rare congenital malformation syndrome, recently found to be caused by mutations in several genes encoding components of the BAF complex. To date, 109 patients have been reported with their mutations: SMARCB1 (12%), SMARCA4 (11%), SMARCE1 (2%), ARID1A (7%), ARID1B (65%), and PHF6 (2%). We review genotype-phenotype correlation of all previously reported patients with mutations in SMARCB1, SMARCA4, SMARCE1, and ARID1A through reassessment of their clinical and molecular findings. Cardinal features of CSS included variable degrees of intellectual disability (ID) predominantly affecting speech, sucking/feeding difficulty, and craniofacial (thick eyebrows, long eyelashes), digital (hypoplastic 5th fingers or toes, hypoplastic 5th fingernails or toenails), and other characteristics (hypertrichosis). In addition, patients with SMARCB1 mutations had severe neurodevelopmental deficits including severe ID, seizures, CNS structural abnormalities, and no expressive words as well as scoliosis. Especially, those with a recurrent mutation "p.Lys364del" represented strikingly similar phenotypes including characteristic facial coarseness. Patients with SMARCA4 mutations had less coarse craniofacial appearances and behavioral abnormalities. Patients with SMARCE1 mutations had a wide spectrum of manifestations from severe to moderate ID. Patients with ARID1A also had a wide spectrum of manifestations from severe ID and serous internal complications that could result in early death to mild ID. Mutations in SMARCB1, SMARCA4, and SMARCE1 are expected to exert dominant-negative or gain-of-function effects, whereas those in ARID1A are expected to exert loss-of-function effects.

Published
2014

50. Ion channelopathies of the kidney and adrenal gland

Author

Beck, B. B., Wollnik, B., and Koemhoff, M.

Subjects
Aldosteronism, Hypertension, essential, CHANNEL MUTATIONS, HYPERTENSION, Hypokalemia, familial, ALDOSTERONE-PRODUCING ADENOMAS, SYNTHASE, urologic and male genital diseases, Bartter syndrome, Transient receptor potential channels
Abstract

Genetic kidney diseases represent a significant proportion of kidney diseases manifesting in childhood and adolescence, but are also gaining importance in slowly progressive or late-onset adult diseases. A significant portion of kidney diseases particularly in childhood are associated with end stage renal disease and/or other relevant morbidity. An early (molecular) diagnosis can be a prerequisite for a better prognostic assessment and provides opportunities in terms of optimized symptomatic therapy. Mechanistically speaking, mutations in ion channel-associated nephropathy represent-in addition to structural defects of the glomerular filter (e. g., COL4A3, LAMB2, nephrin) and disorders of signaling pathways that are relevant for the development of the urogenital tract (e. g., HNF1B, WT1)-a significant proportion of the group with respect to number and prototypes. Determination of the molecular genetics of (hypokalemic) salt-losing tubulopathies has contributed significantly to our understanding of the central role of the kidney in salt balance. The spectrum of renal ion channelopathies is shown using the example of classical salt-losing tubulopathies (Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome), the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel group and the role of channel changes in aldosteronism and congenital hypertension.

Published
2013

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