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This study assessed the effectiveness of the introduction of active learning exercises into the anatomy and physiology curriculum in a community college setting. Specifically, the incorporation of a spirometry-based respiratory physiology lab resulted in improved student performance in two concepts (respiratory volumes and the hallmarks of respiratory diseases) but not a third (the relationship between volume, pressure and airflow). Anonymous post-lab surveys indicated that the modification increased student's interest in the subject and encouraged interactive learning as well as the use of technology in the classroom. However, although test sections outperformed control sections in the lab midterm, the difference was statistically insignificant, presumably due to the fact that respiratory concepts only accounted for less than 20% of the exam.

The article provides information on principal developments in the competition laws of several countries, including Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States during the period from January 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023. It highlights specific cases and actions taken by competition authorities in each country, such as criminal cartel offenses, sector inquiries, merger control procedures, fines imposed on companies for anticompetitive practices, and rulings by courts.

Creative thinking is desirable in many professions. This article reports new research that followed a design science approach to develop and investigate a co‐creative tool called Sport Sparks in one profession – the coaching of professional football players. In response to a coach entering a text description of a coaching challenge (e.g., struggling to maintain the fitness of an athlete) into the tool, the tool automatically generated potentially novel ideas (e.g., reducing game time and changing their nutrition) that the coach could select and/or adapt and evolve into a simple action plan (e.g., which links nutrition to increased game time). This Sport Sparks tool was designed to be an example of human‐centred artificial intelligence that aspires to empower humans, to deliver high levels of human control as well as automation, and empower people rather than emulate their expertise. It was engineered with rule‐based reasoning to automate the generation of potential new ideas that coaches could select and refine during interactions which provide high user control over this automation. The potential of such a co‐creative tool, and value of the guidelines, were demonstrated during the tool's evaluation by coaching practitioners at a Premier League football club. The practitioners used the tool to generate new ideas to coaching challenges, and reported evidence of different forms of creative thinking, although some also reported the need for more support for creative collaborations and solution planning. The paper ends by discussing future directions for both the Sport Sparks tool and other co‐creative AI tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Electrical cardioversion is commonly used to restore sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but procedural technique and clinical success vary. We sought to identify techniques associated with electrical cardioversion success for AF patients. Methods and results We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and the grey literature from inception to October 2022. We abstracted data on initial and cumulative cardioversion success. We pooled data using random-effects models. From 15 207 citations, we identified 45 randomized trials and 16 observational studies. In randomized trials, biphasic when compared with monophasic waveforms resulted in higher rates of initial [16 trials, risk ratio (RR) 1.71, 95% CI 1.29–2.28] and cumulative success (18 trials, RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04–1.16). Fixed, high-energy (≥200 J) shocks when compared with escalating energy resulted in a higher rate of initial success (four trials, RR 1.62, 95% CI 1.33–1.98). Manual pressure when compared with no pressure resulted in higher rates of initial (two trials, RR 2.19, 95% CI 1.21–3.95) and cumulative success (two trials, RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.06–1.34). Cardioversion success did not differ significantly for other interventions, including: antero-apical/lateral vs. antero-posterior positioned pads (initial: 11 trials, RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.97–1.39; cumulative: 14 trials, RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.96–1.06); rectilinear/pulsed biphasic vs. biphasic truncated exponential waveform (initial: four trials, RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.91–1.34; cumulative: four trials, RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.89–1.08) and cathodal vs. anodal configuration (cumulative: two trials, RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.92–1.07). Conclusions Biphasic waveforms, high-energy shocks, and manual pressure increase the success of electrical cardioversion for AF. Other interventions, especially pad positioning, require further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coaches within the same sport often have varying methods to achieve performance outcomes, and, therefore, it is crucial to understand their performance model to maximise the impact of strength and conditioning (S&C) support. Having a deliberate approach for understanding the demands of a sport from a sports coach's lens and aligning S&C support to the coaches' performance model rather than utilising a generic needs analysis to guide S&C support is vital to provide impactful S&C support. The multi-disciplinary team (MDT) may also play a pivotal role in providing insight into various aspects of performance beyond a generic needs analysis. It is to the S&C coaches' advantage to utilise the expertise of the MDT. Finally, the S&C coach must develop a technical framework that consists of avenues of impact or objectives for S&C support and demonstrates how biomotor qualities developed within the S&C programme may support determinants of performance and technical models for key sporting actions, in line with the coaches' performance principles. The current paper aims to utilise the authors' experience of working with the head coach of two national rowing performance programmes over the last three Olympic cycles, with specific reference to the preparation for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic games to articulate a philosophical approach for aligning S&C support to a coach's performance model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Author(s): Adam M. Schmitt [1, 4]; Jun Shi [1, 4]; Alex M. Wolf [2]; Chin-Chun Lu [1]; Leslie A. King [2]; Yimin Zou (corresponding author) [1, 2, 3] Topographic mapping [...]

Author(s): Timothy D. Read (corresponding author) [1, 2]; Scott N. Peterson [1, 3]; Nicolas Tourasse [4, 7]; Les W. Baillie [1, 2, 5]; Ian T. Paulsen [1, 6]; Karen E. [...]