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Introduction: Proper nutrition is extremely important at all stages of human life. Nutritional programming states that either an excess or deficiency of nutrients during the first 1000 days of a child's life can alter their metabolism and affect their health later in life. Despite widespread access to information on infant nutrition, parents still need to correct their feeding mistakes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of parental nutrition education on the nutritional status of children during their first year of life and to check whether these changes are still visible after 12 months. Materials and methods: The follow-up study included a group of parents of 168 Polish infants. Their parents were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: the intervention group received intensive mobile nutritional education for 1 year, while the control group received no intervention. The children were assessed 12 months after the end of parental participation. Results: Our study showed that parental nutritional education influenced, among other things, the body mass index (BMI) z-score (the difference between the groups was 0.991) and the micro- and macronutrient intake of the children. The influence was still visible 12 months after the end of the study. Conclusions: The final results of our study showed that proper nutritional education could improve the nutritional status of children at the population level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: One of the ways to prevent nutritional deficiencies may be supplementation. Experts have observed the increased use of dietary supplements, not only in adults but also in children. Considering controversies among dietary supplements and possible errors in children's feeding, the goal of our research was to evaluate use and reasons behind supplementation in terms of children's diet analysis. (2) Methods: Our research involved 507 legal guardians of the youngest children (up to 3 years of age) and was conducted via a questionnaire. (3) Results: 79% of all children received dietary supplements. The analysis of children's diets showed a need to implement omega-3 acids and vitamin D supplementation, which was very low in children. On the other hand, vitamin C, vitamin B, vitamin A, and copper levels were extremely high. (4) Conclusions: Popularity of dietary supplements in Polish children aged 0–3 years old is an omnipresent issue. Although the reasoning behind administering nutritional supplements to children seems justified, considering the supply of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids, it seems justified to increase parents' knowledge in this regard in terms of the use and means to choose the best supplement possible, as dietary supplementation should always be tailored to individual needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Over the last decade, there has been an increased interest in the role of nickel as a cause of allergic reactions and as an element affecting the intestinal microbiota. Its presence can cause dysbiosis, i.e., an increase in the number of harmful microorganisms at the expense of probiotic bacteria. The disturbed microbiota affects the organism’s metabolism and increases the risk of developing certain diseases. This study aims toanalyze the available scientific literature onnickel and its effect on the disturbances in the intestinal microbiota. Materials and methods: The PubMed database and the Cochrane Library were used to find scientific articles with the following combinations of keywords: ‘nickel’, ‘nickel and microbiota’, ‘nickel and allergy’, ‘nickel and health’, ‘microbiota’, and ‘microbiota disturbances’. Scientific publications from the last 20 years were analyzed. Results: Nickel is an essential element for certain biochemical reactions that allow microorganisms (both beneficial and harmful) to grow and develop. Some strains of bacteria seem to have the ability to reduce the host’s exposure to this heavy metal. Excess nickel intake contributes to the disturbance of the proper composition of intestinal microflora, especially in patients diagnosed with systemic nickel allergy syndrome. This may have adverse health effects, possibly contributing to obesity. Conclusions: The wide use of nickel in consumer products, as well as its widespread presence in water and food, increases the probability of human contact with this metal. Further research on the influence of nickel on the human body and its microbiota should be conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. According to Statistics Poland (GUS, 2021), 15.8% of women and 2.5% of men suffer from thyroid disease. Although pharmacotherapy is the primary treatment, there is evidence that some vitamins and minerals can alleviate the symptoms of thyroid disease. A well-balanced and varied diet should cover the individual demand for energy and all necessary nutrients. However, dietary supplements are prevalent in Poland. This study aims to evaluate the frequency and reasons behind dietary supplementation in patients with hypothyroid diseases. Material and methods. 232 volunteers (203 women and 29 men) from Poland participated in the research. The research was conducted using a questionnaire. Participants were asked to provide information on their diagnosis, clinical manifestations of the disease, their lifestyles, and the use of dietary supplements with the effect on their health. Results. The medium age of participants was 27 years. Of them, 85% took dietary supplements. The most popular were vitamin D, magnesium, omega-3 acids, selenium, multivitamins, vitamins B, iron, vitamin C, and zinc. In addition, 53% of patients implemented lifestyle changes after a diagnosis of hypothyroidism. There was a correlation between the participants' age and the willingness to introduce lifestyles modifications: the younger the participants were, the eager they were to introduce modifications (r = -0.243, p = 0.010, 95% CI: -0.410 to -0.060). In addition, there was a correlation between the participants' age and the willingness to change their diets: the older the participants were, the more eager they were to change diets (r = 0.283, p = 0.003, 95% CI: 0.103-0.445). Patients indicated numerous health benefits of using dietary supplements. The vitamin D and vitamin and mineral complexes were indicated as the most beneficial. Conclusion. Dietary supplementation is prevalent in Poland, especially among hypothyroidism patients. Patients take a variety of supplements, claiming that they improve the condition of their skin, nails, memory, and others, which may be controversial. Therefore, it seems advisable to deepen the patients' supplementation knowledge (via contact with a physician, dietitian, etc.). Furthermore, reliable guidelines on supplementation for hypothyroidism patients based on clinical trials should be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article presents information on the structure of the organic compound, (2R)-N-{3-[Bis(methylsulfanyl)methyleneamino]-propionoyl}bornane-10,2-sultam, C16H26N2O3S3. β-Amino acids are a key part of many natural products displaying antibiotic, antifungal and cytotoxic properties, and peptidomimetics showing remarkable resistance for enzymatic degradation. In (2R)-N-{3-[Bis(methylsulfanyl)methyleneamino]-propionoyl}bornane-10,2-sultam adjacent molecules are arranged in a head-to-tail manner and linked via weak C-H⋯S interactions, forming helical chains parallel to the a axis.